spread of disease
DESCRIPTION
Spread of Disease. Sources of Infectious Diseases. The source of a disease is known as a reservoir . A reservoir can be anything: inanimate object, person, animal, plant, etc. The reservoir of a disease is not necessarily affected by the disease. Carrier. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
SPREAD OF D
ISEASE
SOURCES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES• The source of a disease is known
as a reservoir. • A reservoir can be anything:
inanimate object, person, animal, plant, etc.
• The reservoir of a disease is not necessarily affected by the disease
CARRIERThe most important type of reservoir in human disease is known as a carrier.
A carrier is a person who carries (is infected by) a communicable disease
A carrier of a disease may not have symptoms
ANIMAL RESERVOIR - FYIA zoonosis is a communicable disease which is transmitted from a non-human animal to a human.
Here the non-human animal is the reservoir.About 150 zoonotic human disease are known.Examples: anthrax, bubonic plague, cat-scratch fever, influenza, Lyme disease, malaria, pneumonic plague, psittacosis, rabies, ringworm, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tapeworm, toxoplasmosis, typhus fever, western equine encephalitis, yellow fever.
ENDOGENOUS INFECTION - FYIAn endogenous infection is one which is
caused by an opportunistic pathogen from an individual's own normal microbiota.
Typically this is a consequence either of the individual being in a weakened state, or in the opportunist being deposited in a location other than that in which it typically benignly resides.
TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE
There are three main ways in which diseases are transmitted
• Contact• Vehicle• Vector
CONTACT
• Diseases can be spread by direct contact (person to person), indirect contact (doorknob), or by droplets (released into the air when sneezing)
VEHICLE• A vehicle is something that is
taken into the body as part of living (food, water, air)
• When contaminated, these things can cause disease
VECTOR
• Vectors are organisms that transmit infections from one host to another
• They are usually insects
DISEASE CLASSIFICATION
• Endemic• Common Source Outbreak• Epidemic• Pandemic
ENDEMIC DISEASE - FYI
• An endemic disease is one that is always present in a population
COMMON SOURCE OUTBREAK
• Some diseases arise from a single definable source, such as a common water supply.
EPIDEMIC
• An epidemic disease is a disease that many people acquire over a short period
PANDEMIC
• A pandemic disease is a world-wide epidemic disease
PRIMARY SOURCEhttp://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/biol2050.htm