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SPO Compact Flange Designer's Manual

DESIGNER’S MANUAL

Vector International Doc. No. A‐10601, Rev. 3




Contents

SECTION 1: GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE SPO COMPACT FLANGE

SECTION 2: INSTALLATION AND ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE

SECTION 3: FLANGE DIMENSIONS

SECTION 4:

SEAL

RING

/ GROOVE

DIMENSIONS

SECTION 5: WEIGHTS EACH FLANGE

SECTION 6: LENGTH OF STUDBOLTS

SECTION 7: BOLT WEIGHTS

SECTION 8: ASSEMBLY WEIGHTS

SECTION 9: COMPARISON

SECTION 10: PRESSURE ‐ TEMPERATURE RATINGS




SPO Compact Flange : Designer's Manual

3 Revised issue 21.06.05 TBJ SL

D Internal Review 20.06.05 TBJ

2 Revised issue 12.11.03 TBJ SL SL

C Internal Review 28.08.03 TBJ SL

1 Revised issue (Doc.no. B26/96) 30.11.00 MHA BO SL

B Internal Review 30.05.97 FK

A Internal Review 23.01.97 FK GLa

REV. REASON FOR ISSUE ISSUE DATE PREPARED CHECKED APPROVAL

Document Title Doc. No. SPO


A‐10601 FK/TBJ Page No of pages

1‐1 29



SPO Compact Flange Designer's Manual Doc. no. :A‐10601 Rev. no. : 3 Page | 2

Section 1:

General

Description

of

the

SPO Compact Flange




Contents

0. HOW TO SELECT FLANGES ................................................................................................. 5

FLANGE RATINGS AND CAPACITIES ......................................................................................... 5 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 6

1.1 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 MAIN FEATURES ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 APPLICATION ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.5 NORSOK L‐005 ................................................................................................................... 7 1.6 SERVICES .............................................................................................................................. 7

2. REFERENCES 8

3. ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................... 9

4. SPO COMPACT FLANGE ................................................................................................... 10

4.1 HOW IT WORKS! .................................................................................................................. 10 4.2 SEAL RING AND GROOVE ........................................................................................................ 10 4.3 SWIVEL FLANGES .................................................................................................................. 11 4.4 INTEGRAL FLANGES ............................................................................................................... 11

5. COMPACT FLANGE TECHNOLOGY ................................................................................... 12

5.1 CONNECTOR STRENGTH ......................................................................................................... 12 5.2 SEALING INTEGRITY ............................................................................................................... 12 5.3 FATIGUE STRENGTH ............................................................................................................... 12 5.4 FIRE SAFETY ......................................................................................................................... 12 5.5 CORROSION ........................................................................................................................ 13 5.6 EROSION ............................................................................................................................ 13 5.7 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION ............................................................................................. 13 5.8 WATER LOCKING .................................................................................................................. 13 5.9 SPO COMPACT FLANGE ‐ THE OBVIOUS CHOICE .................................................................. 13

5.9.1 Enhanced sealing reliability ...................................................................................... 13

5.9.2 Reduced space and weight ....................................................................................... 13 5.9.3 IX seal ring ................................................................................................................ 13 5.9.4 Easier and quicker make ‐up and installation ........................................................... 14 5.9.5 Lower life cycle costs ................................................................................................ 14

6. TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE, HANDLING AND FABRICATION ........................................ 15

6.1 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE ............................................................................................. 15 6.2 HANDLING .......................................................................................................................... 15 6.3 WELDING OF FLANGES TO PIPE ENDS OR EQUIPMENT ................................................................... 15 6.4 SURFACE PREPARATION AND COATING ...................................................................................... 15

7. EXTERNAL LOADING ....................................................................................................... 16 7.1 AXIAL LOADS AND BENDING MOMENT ....................................................................................... 16




7.2 TORSION AND SHEAR ............................................................................................................. 16 7.3 THERMAL SHOCK .................................................................................................................. 16

8. SPO COMPACT FLANGE APPLICATION DATA ................................................................... 17

8.1 MATERIALS ......................................................................................................................... 17

8.2 PRESSURE CLASSES AND SIZES .................................................................................................. 18 8.3 FLANGE TYPES AND DESIGNATIONS ........................................................................................... 18 8.4 SEAL RING DESIGNATION ........................................................................................................ 19 8.5 FLANGE DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS ......................................................................................... 19 8.6 BOLT LENGTHS AND WEIGHTS .................................................................................................. 20 8.7 MAIN DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS INCLUDING ASSEMBLY WEIGHTS ................................................. 20 8.8 WELD NECK DIMENSIONS ....................................................................................................... 20 8.9 LOAD CAPACITY .................................................................................................................... 20

9. INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY PURCHASER ............................................................. 21

10. AVAILABILITY ............................................................................................................... 21

11. SERVICES 21

Appendix A): Figures




0. HOW TO SELECT FLANGES

FLANGE RATINGS AND CAPACITIES Vector International can determine the capacity of SPO Compact Flanges according to a number of standards such as ASME VIII, Div. 2, Appendix 4; EN‐13445 ‐3 and ASME B 31.3.

The tables and interaction equations included in this book are for assistance in flange selection and are approximate in nature tending to the conservative side. These tables are according to NORSOK L‐005 (based on ASME VIII, Div. 2) and also comply with ASME 31.3, and apply to weld neck flanges only.

Final verification of the capacity of the selected flanges should be performed by Vector International on receiving the order. Relevant load combinations should be specified.

The pressure ratings are based on the capacities according to ASME/ANSI and incorporate the same allowance for undetermined pipework forces as ANSI B 16.5 (item D 1.2).




1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope

The SPO Compact Flange standard are circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings, pressure vessels and accessories. This Designer’s Manual covers the full performance data applicable to the SPO Compact Flange, including the following main items:

Flange description and main features Handling, storage, transportation and fabrication Flange dimensional data and weight tables Flange pressure/temperature and external load capacities Selection guidelines

Order/quotation procedure

Installation and maintenance

This data is applicable to weld neck, blind, swivel and integral flange in addition to line blanks in Class designations: Class 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, 2500, and 4500 Intermediate and nominal sizes from NPS ½ to NPS 48 (DN 15 to DN 1200). Note that Class 2500 and 4500 Intermediate flanges have a range from NPS ½ to NPS 24 (DN 15 to DN 600) . It is applicable to forged flanges of standard supply although plates can be used for blind flanges and bar stock materials for smaller sizes. Flanges integral with associated equipment (both cast and forged) are covered by this user manual. Data are also provided for the flange bolting, seal rings and comparison with conventional connectors.

1.2 Background

The SPO Compact Flange is a flanged connector developed by Vector International AS. SPO Compact Flanges are for pipes, valves, fittings, pressure vessels and accessories. The SPO Compact Flange was first used for a relief well riser in 1987 ‐1988 and subsequently for production risers and export risers. Since then, SPO Compact Flanges have been used for a number of demanding applications such as titanium drilling risers, flexible risers, heat exchangers, process plants, nuclear reactors and sub ‐sea installations. Vector International has developed a standard range of compact flanges. These standardized flanges have been engineered with good capacity to accommodate external loads, valve neck configurations and standard make up tools.

1.3 Main features

The SPO Compact Flanges provide an alternative to conventional flanges offering the advantage of being smaller and lighter and having superior sealing and load carrying capability. They provide a cost efficient and technically superior method of connecting pipework and associated equipment.




1.4 Application

The SPO Compact Flange has been used in many applications throughout a variety of different industries. The following is a partial list of existing and potential service applications:

Oil and gas production ‐ pipelines, flow lines, risers, injection systems, manifolds, well heads, separators, process modules.

Petrochemical ‐ refining and processing. OEM ‐ valves, fittings, vessel closures, heat transfer equipment, separators and pumps. Nuclear plant.

Over 30.000 SPO Compact Flanges (2002) from sizes ½” – 60” are now in operation. There is no recorded leakage during service since the first flange was installed in 1989 to the present day.

1.5 NORSOK L‐005

The NORSOK standard L‐005 chapter 5 Product Standard is based on the SPO Compact Flange. All nominal dimensions of flanges in L‐005 are identical with the SPO Compact Flange. Hence the SPO Compact Flange meets all requirements in the NORSOK standard.

1.6 Services

Any clarification required should be addressed to:

Vector International AS P.O.Box 2176

NO‐3003 Drammen Norway

Phone: (+47) 32 20 93 00 Telefax: (+47) 32 81 04 64 E‐mail: [email protected]

Normal office hours are from 08.00 hrs. to 15.30 hrs from Monday to Friday. If in doubt please consult Vector International.




2. REFERENCES Standards and specifications adopted by references in this manual are:

ANSI B1.1 Unified inch screw threads. ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 Square and hex nuts (inch series). ANSI B36.10M Welded and seamless wrought steel pipe. ASME B16.5 Pipe flanges and flanged fittings. ASME B16.10 Face ‐to ‐face and end to end dimensions of valves. ASME B16.34 Valves – flanged, threaded, and welding end. ASME B16.47 Large diameter steel flanges. ASME B31.3 Process Piping. ASME Section VIII Rules for construction of pressure vessels – Div.2 –

Alternative rules – Appendix 6 and 4. ISO 2768 ‐1 General tolerances. Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular

dimensions without individual tolerance indications. ISO 4200 Plain end steel tubes, welded and seamless. General tables

of dimensions per unit length. ISO 9001:2000 Quality System. Requirements. EN 13445 ‐3 Unfired pressure vessels Part 3: Design NORSOK L‐005 Compact flanged connections




3. ABBREVIATIONS

ASME American Society for Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials BL Blind flange Class ANSI pressure class (psi) DN Nominal size of pipe (metric units) IF Integral flange as part of some other equipment or component ISO International Standardization Organization IX Seal ring designation NPS Nominal pipe size (inch) PB Paddle blank PN Nominal pressure, see above (bar) PS Paddle spacer RI Rigid interface face with studded bolts RT Room temperature SB Spectacle blind SC Swivel collar for welding SR Swivel ring SW Swivel flange which includes swivel collar and swivel ring WN Weld neck flange




4. SPO COMPACT FLANGE The SPO Compact Flange system comprises flanges, seals and bolting (Figure 1) and replaces conventional ANSI, API, BS, DIN, MSS and UNI flanges but at reduced weight, overall dimensions and costs in addition to increased sealing reliability.

4.1 How it works!

A complete weld neck connector assembly consists of two weld neck flanges, a seal ring and a set of stud bolts with heavy hex nuts. This is shown in Figure 1. Alternatively it may consist of one weld neck flange and a swivel flange or a blind, etc. The principal feature of the flange is the flange face geometry and provision of a double metal seal. This double metal seal is a primary feature of the connection. The redundant double seal is a safety feature making this connection an order of magnitude safer than a typical single seal system.

The flange face includes a slightly convex bevel with the highest point, called the heel, adjacent to the bore and a small outer wedge around the outer diameter of the flange. The SPO Compact Flange weld neck connector is made up by tightening/tensioning the flange bolting which pulls the two connector halves (weld necks) together. Axial forces are exerted on the taper of the metal seal ring and translated into a radial sealing force. Furthermore with increased preload is the bevel closed and face to face contact is achieved at the outer wedge while most of the bolt preload is transferred as compressive forces between the flange faces at the heel, see Figure 1. The arrows in Figure 1 indicate the applied forces/pressure and the contact forces after make ‐up and during normal operation. A seal is created by application of this seal seating stress at the flange heel. Throughout the complete range of normal operating loads a contact stress in excess of the operational pressure is maintained at the heel seal location. The flange also remains in contact along its outer circumference at the flange faces. Finally there is an elastic seal ring which is compressed radially. The seal ring force is provided by the elastic stored energy in the stressed seal ring. Any accidental heel leakage will give a internal pressure acting on the seal ring inside intensifying the sealing action.

The main design features are summarised in Figure 2. The back face of the flange in the made ‐up position is parallel to the flange face in order to prevent bending of the bolts in the assembled condition.

4.2 Seal ring and groove

There is only one seal ring size for each pipe size regardless of flange pressure rating, pipe schedule and material. It is non load ‐carrying in order to ensure against load induced seal damage and promote coupling stability. When the flanges are pulled together during assembly, the ring is assisting the final alignment of the joint. Over ‐tensioning of bolts will not damage the seal ring.

The ring withstand repeated installations in the same groove. The seal rings are frequently reused up to ten times, i.e. contact forces will not cause any plastic deformation of neither ring nor groove which are detrimental for the sealing performance.




4.3 Swivel flanges

In order to solve the problem of bolt hole alignment during subsea pipe installation, Vector International have developed a swivel flange. This connector features two ‐piece construction consisting of a swivel ring which swivels (360 rotation) around the swivel collar, see Figure 3, which allows for easy alignment of the flange bolt holes.

In addition to subsea pipe connections, these flanges are also well suited for making connections to OEM equipment such as valves, compressors, pressure vessels and pumps. Swivel flanges eliminate the time consuming practice of “two ‐holing”, a procedure commonly used to assure flange ‐to ‐flange bolt hole alignment between two opposing pieces of equipment.

The swivel ring can as an option be extended as indicated by the dashed line in Figure 3, if it is required to close the flanged connection. In order to save cost, carbon steel swivel rings may be used in combination with more exotic materials in the swivel collars (not for subsea).

4.4 Integral flanges

The integral flanges fulfills the minimum wall thickness requirements given in ASME/ANSI B16.34. The nut can always be tightened by a socket spanner ensuring that a valve to valve interface make ‐up with SPO Compact Flange always is possible. The main dimensions of the standard SPO Compact Flanges are all within the envelope of standard ASME B16.5 and ASME B16.47 flanges. Dimensions for end flanges are readily available to ensure complete piping system compatibility. Major valve manufactures covering the following valve types: ball, gate, check, globe, choke, plug and butterfly valves have confirmed that they can use a SPO Compact Flange on their valves.

The integral flange maximum neck outer diameter is tabulated in Section 3: Flange dimensions. However, this can be reduced to standard pipe OD as indicated by the letter A in Figure 3. Larger neck OD can also be used, however, access for the make ‐up tool should be checked.




5. COMPACT FLANGE TECHNOLOGY The SPO Compact Flange design has been developed through very extensive testing and analysis. In addition the standard range of compact flanges have been thoroughly assessed to ensure applicability in all conventional uses, easy handling and simple installation with conventional tools.

5.1 Connector strength

Extensive full scale tests have been performed at DnV. These tests have included combined internal pressure, axial tension and moment loading to failure as well as stress analysis and fatigue. DnV has also performed traditional burst tests as well as pressure tests with nitrogen and fire tests. Tests and evaluations have also been performed by British Gas and Conoco.

This very extensive testing has been paralleled by very extensive finite element analysis covering all relevant considerations such as ultimate strength, load cycling and shake down, stress analysis, contact seal performance, seal ring performance and bolt tensioning. This analysis has been correlated with the test results to give an extremely thorough documentation of the compact flange connector’s response and capacity. Few connectors have been as thoroughly documented as the SPO Compact Flange.

5.2 Sealing integrity

The SPO Compact Flange features two metal seals in series, which are based on completely different designs. The flexible ring is pre ‐stressed diametrically and independent of pre ‐stress after the flanges have been mated. The second seal is provided by the high seating stress created by the pre ‐stress at the heel when the flanges are initially mated. As a consequence their failure modes have very little correlation. This provides a high degree of redundancy and a very high degree of reliability against leakage. Similar reliability levels can only be achieved with welded connections. The performance of these seals has been verified in tests. Tests have also included make up, break out and interchangeability tests in 15 cycles verifying that seal rings can be reused.

5.3 Fatigue strength

The SPO Compact Flanges will normally have fatigue strength exceeding that of the adjoining girth welded pipe section. In conventional flange connections the bolts will be extremely

susceptible to fatigue damage. The pre ‐stressed non ‐separating design of the SPO Compact Flanges achieves very small stress ranges in the bolts well below the fatigue limit for a base material. The stress concentration in the optimized flange fillet is low and the stress concentration due to the flange geometry at the girth weld location is negligible.

5.4 Fire safety

Fire testing has been performed for SPO Compact Flanges by DnV. DnV consider API 6FB, Part 2 (1992) to be inadequate resulting in existing pipe connections not being fire safe. SPO Compact Flanges were more rigorously tested, e.g. where API require 1 burner DnV used 4 burners with the same temperature, hold periods and pressure/moments as required by API. The results

were successful and conclusive. The SPO Compact Flange has a high capacity in fire exposure. The test data can be used to evaluate relevant fire exposure.




5.5 Corrosion

The connector accommodates internal corrosion allowances without affecting the sealing performance. The IX seal ring is not exposed to internal or external media and no corrosion appear between seal ring and groove. Corrosion test and service experiences shows that sealing surfaces, flange faces, seal rings and clamped parts of bolts are free from corrosion. No weld overlay should therefore be required for carbon steel for aggressive media, i.e. well stream, produced water, water injection or fire water systems.

5.6 Erosion

The compact flange is of ‘streamline’ type design with no significant crevice or discontinuity in the bore. The flange is correspondingly resistant to erosion damage.

5.7 Maintenance and inspection

The direct flange face to flange face contact with load transfer between solid flange faces eliminates the risk of reduced bolt pre ‐stress due to time ‐ or load ‐dependent seal or gasket deformations, flange warping overload or other phenomena. Bolt re ‐tightening is not required.

The seals and clamp parts of the bolts are located in a protected dry environment. Furthermore, the seal ring is not exposed to load fluctuations, fretting motions or other seal degrading effects. Seal and bolt replacement is therefore not expected to be required.

Inspection with respect to external corrosion should be as for conventional flanges.

5.8 Water locking

Underwater testing and subsea installations have documented that water locking does not occur with the SPO Compact Flange.

5.9 SPO Compact Flange ‐ THE OBVIOUS CHOICE

The standard SPO Compact Flanges has the following main technical and commercial benefits compared to conventional connectors:

5.9.1 Enhanced sealing reliability

Conventional flanged connectors according to BS, DIN, ANSI and API standards typically have a low reliability against leakage compared to girth welded pipes. SPO Compact Flanges have been accepted and used for piping and risers where girth welded pipes traditionally have been

used.

5.9.2 Reduced space and weight

SPO Compact Flanges offer a significant weight and space saving over conventional flanged connectors, see attached tables. Typical weight saving is 65‐75 %. The SPO Compact Flange diameter is always smaller then clamp ‐type connectors, when clamp dimensions are considered. The smaller diameter permits more closely packed pipe runs, smaller openings for pipe access, easier reeling and easier trenching or burial.

5.9.3 IX seal ring

The IX seal ring will withstand repeated installations due to its ‘elastic’ seal characteristics. The standard series has only one groove and IX seal ring per pipe size, independent of pressure




class. This reduces the number of seal ring types to a minimum. Conventional flanges and clamp ‐type connectors necessitate stocking different seal rings to cover for both the pipe schedule and pressure rating of the connector within a given pipe size.

5.9.4 Easier and quicker make ‐up and installation

The SPO Compact Flanges reduced weight and size allow easier handling and assembly. The controlled flange rotation (face to face contact) prevents flange abuse by over ‐tensioning of the bolts. Closing of the outer gap is an indication of that correct preload has been achieved.

Reduced connector size leaves more room for the operator and the tooling, and the smaller diameter bolting allows lighter weight tooling to be used. Experience shows correspondingly shorter make ‐up time for SPO Compact Flanges than for conventional flanges, a typical value is 50 % less.

5.9.5 Lower life cycle costs

Capital cost 1. Reduced initial cost. 2. Lower handling, installation and transportation costs due to reduced weight and

dimensions. 3. Reduced weight and cost for load carrying structures, i.e. main steel in topside deck

structure.

Operating cost 1. Maintenance free connections (no bolt relaxation, no crevice or stress corrosion, no seal

replacement).

2. Periodic maintenance of installed equipment (e.g. valves, separators) at reduced cost as seal rings can be reused and man ‐hours for make ‐up and break out is lower and hence system downtime time is shorter.

Cost of deferred production System downtime cost due to flange failure is negligible due to the superior sealing performance.




6. TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE, HANDLING AND FABRICATION

6.1 Transportation and storage

When flanges are shipped they are packed with flange face protectors. This protection shall be maintained in place in order to avoid scratches, indentations, etc. that will be detrimental to the sealing integrity of the flange. Upon receival the protection should be inspected. If it has been damaged it should be removed and the flange face inspected for damage to the sealing faces, i.e. the heel, wedge and groove outer diameter face. Any minor damage should be made good in accordance with the repair procedures in this document. A damage flange face protector should be replaced immediately. Transportation and storage should be performed on pallets with the flange face up.

The flange face must not be painted, as this will impair the sealing performance of the flange. To prevent corrosion the flange face should be coated with grease during storage and transportation. Preservations on the flange faces, which are difficult to remove, should not be used. I.e. mechanical means of removal shall not be used on flange sealing faces.

Flanges, seal rings and bolts, regardless of material type, should be stored indoor or under cover until intended use. The seal rings and bolts should be stored in original packing until final installation.

6.2 Handling

When lifting and handling compact flanges care should be taken to avoid damage to seal surfaces. Slings should preferably not bear onto seal surfaces or weld preparations such as will occur if threaded through the bolt holes. Soft slings can be used for lifting single flanges, and wires, chains and similar hard and angular components should be avoided. Bolt or dowels through the bolt holes are suitable for lifting. If specified, threaded holes for lifting eyes can be provided on the side face of flanges. Lifting of prefabricated pipe spools in the flange bolt holes, flange lifting points, etc. should not be done.

6.3 Welding of flanges to pipe ends or equipment

The standard weld neck flange is provided with a standard weld bevel preparation for welding, e.g. ASME/ANSI B16.5. The compact flanges may be welded to piping and other component equipment by established welding procedures. Initial fit‐up and alignment tolerances used in

the fabrication of conventional ANSI flanges are also acceptable for the SPO Compact Flange. During welding, care should be taken to protect the sealing faces from any damage, i.e., scratching and weld splatter. Protect the flange face against oxidation during welding, post weld heat treatment and other heating of the flanges.

6.4 Surface preparation and coating

The flange faces must be protected during grit blasting and cleaning operations to prevent contamination of the surface. The flange faces must also be protected during such processes as painting, waxing and thermal spraying of metallic coating. Particular care should be taken to check that the sealing surfaces are completely clean. Paints and coatings on the rear face of

the flange in the nut bearing areas and bearing areas for swivel flanges should be removed.




7. EXTERNAL LOADING

7.1 Axial loads and bending moment

Connectors operating within their class ceiling pressures for standard material have residual capacity to accommodate external loads such as axial and bending moment loads. Conventional flange connectors subject to bending tend to separate. This result in a reduction of the gasket seating loads on conventional seals and may result in leakage. The SPO Compact Flange connector is capable of withstand higher bending loads than conventional flanges before leakage starts. As the IX seal ring is pressure energised there is a need to maintain a constant seal element compressive force and this, coupled with the mechanical advantage of the wedging action of the flange make ‐up, means the connection is relatively insensitive to separation forces.

Because the flange face contact area is larger than the cross section of the adjoining pipe compressive axial loads in combination with the compressive loads form the bending moment have no effect on the connector capacity. Only axial forces and tension loads from the bending moment needs to be considered.

7.2 Torsion and shear

Torsion moments and shear loads are initially resisted by friction forces between the flange faces. Should the torsion moment or shear load be of sufficient magnitude such that slippage occur, the seal integrity of the unit is not adversely affected. This feature provides a safe relief for excessive torsion and shear loads not always easily predicted.

7.3 Thermal shock For very severe thermal chock (i.e. quenching), the IX seal ring will not be directly affected and the sealing reliably is not adversely affected.




8. SPO Compact Flange APPLICATION DATA

8.1 Materials

Flanges are available from standard forging or casting with seal rings in compatible high strength forged materials. The seal rings are normally coated with PTFE. Standard bolting materials are A193 B7 and A320 L7 /L43. Inch stud bolts threaded at both ends or full length may be used. Heavy hex nuts (ANSI B18.2.2) shall be used. Threads shall be coarse series, Class 2A (ANSI B1.1), and nuts shall be coarse series, Class 2B. Nominal diameters 1 in. and smaller shall coarse thread series (UNC); nominal diameters 1 1/8 in. and larger shall be of the 8 thread series (8UN).

Table 8.1 lists some common materials. E.g. combine carbon steel flange with carbon seal ring and stainless steel flange with stainless seal ring. Seal rings in titanium are also available.

SPO Compact Flange IX seal ring Bolting for all flange

and seal ring material combinations

Carbon steel examples

A105

CS 360 (F52)

A350 LF2 A694 F52 A694 F60 A193 B7 A694 F65 A193 B16 AISI 4130 (Low alloy) A320 L7

Stainless steel examples

A182 F316 A320 L43 A182 F44 (6Mo) A182 F51 (Duplex) A182 F49 A564 630 (17 ‐4 PH) A182 F51 (Duplex) A182 F53 (Super Duplex)

Table 8.1: Common materials for SPO Compact Flange applications

Flange material Service temperature Seal ring material Seal ring PTFE colour

Carbon steel ‐50 °C to +250 °C CS 360 Blue Stainless steel ‐50 °C to +250 °C 22 Cr Duplex Yellow Stainless steel ‐100 °C to +250 °C 17/4 ‐PH Orange Stainless steel ‐200 °C to + 150 °C Austenitic SS1 Red SS / Nickel alloy / CS with inlay

‐200 °C to + 250°C Nickel alloy (Inco 625, 718, A286 etc.)

Black

All > +250°C Suitable Not to be coated

Table 8.2: Colour coding of seal rings

1 Min. yield = 270 MPa




8.2 Pressure classes and sizes

The present range of pressure classes includes the following Class designation (ANSI) Class 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, 2500 and 4500 Intermediate. The pressure rating (ANSI) for the pressure Classes are, ASME B16.5 and ASME B16.34:

Pressure class Class abbreviation

Nominal pressure

ASME pressure rating ceiling values at RT

psig barg Class 150 CL150 PN 20 290 20,0 Class 300 CL300 PN 50 750 51,7 Class 600 CL600 PN 110 1500 103,4 Class 900 CL900 PN 150 2250 155,2 Class 1500 CL1500 PN 260 3750 258,6 Class 2500 CL2500 PN 420 6250 431,0

Class 4500 INT CL4500I NA 520,0 Table 8.3: Pressure class overview

The range of nominal pipe size (NPS) is

½” ‐ ¾” ‐ 1” ‐ 1 ½” ‐ 2” ‐ 2 ½” ‐ 3” ‐ 4” ‐ 5” ‐ 6” ‐ 8” ‐ 10” ‐ 12” ‐ 14” ‐ 16” ‐ 18” ‐ 20” ‐ 22” ‐ 24” ‐26” ‐ 28” ‐ 30” ‐ 32” ‐ 34” ‐ 36” ‐ 38” ‐ 40” ‐ 42” ‐ 44” ‐ 46” ‐ 48”

Class 2500 and 4500I are only available up to 24”.

8.3 Flange types and designations

Figure 3 and Figure 4 show some flange types with the relevant designations. The types of flanges are given in table 6.1.

Type abbreviation

Description

WN Weld neck flange BL Blind flange

SC

Swivel collar

for

welding

SR Swivel ring SW Swivel flange which includes swivel collar and swivel ring IF Integral flange as part of some other equipment or component RI Rigid interface as part of some other equipment or component

with studded bolts PB Paddle blank PS Paddle spacer SB Spectacle blank

Table 8.4: Types of flanges




The flanges and collars have the following standard designation:

Nominal flange size ‐ the appropriate number, … Vector International standard identification ‐ SPO CF Flange type abbreviation according to Table 8.4 Pressure class designation abbreviation according to Table 8.3, CL… Facing type ‐ the groove number for the IX seal ring (the NPS number), IX… Pipe schedule/thickness, Sch…/Wt… Material designation, …

Examples

Example 1

Designation of

weld

neck

flange

in

Class

600

with

IX

groove,

nominal

size

NPS

10

with

pipe schedule 40S and material A182F51 (duplex):

10 SPO CF WN CL600 IX10 Sch.40S A182F51

Example 2 Designation of blind flange in Class 900 with IX groove, nominal size NPS 20 and material A350LF2:

20 SPO CF BL CL900 IX20 A350LF2

Example 3 Designation of weld neck flange in Class 4500I with IX groove, nominal size NPS 8 with pipe wall thickness equal to 30.0 mm and material A182F51 (duplex):

8 SPO CF WN CL4500I IX8 Wt.30.0 A182F51

8.4 Seal ring designation

The figure in Section 4: Seal Ring / Groove dimensions illustrates IX groove facings and the IX seal ring. The IX seal ring is designated as follows:

Vector International identification mark ‐ SPO CF Type ‐ IX Size (nominal pipe size), e.g. 10 Material designation, e.g. A182F51.

Example: SPO CF IX 10 A182F51

8.5 Flange dimensions and weights

See Section 3: Flange dimensions and Section 5: Weights Each Flange.




8.6 Bolt lengths and weights

See Section 6: Length of Studbolts and Section 7: Bolt Weights.

8.7 Main dimensions and weights including assembly weights

See Section 8: Assembly Weights and Section 9: Comparison.

8.8 Weld neck dimensions

The minimum outside diameter of the weld neck of weld neck or swivel collar flange is equal to the nominal outside diameter of the pipe. The maximum bore is equal to the specified nominal bore. This assures that the minimum weld neck thickness is the specified nominal value.

8.9 Load capacity

Section 10: Pressure ‐ Temperature Ratings presents values given for standard weld neck flanges for temperatures up to 250°C. The given ratings are based on using bolts with strength equal to ASTM A193 B7 and pre ‐tensioned to 75% of yield as specified in Section 2: Installation and assembly procedure.

The given ratings represent a flange utilisation of 0.5 for internal pressure. The additional external load capacity can be calculated using the method described in Appendix D of NORSOK L‐005. For swivel flanges, the external load capacity is available from Vector International upon request.

Vector International can supply external load capacity diagrams with the flanges for the a set of specified design data; flange nominal size and pressure class, bore diameter, pipe outer diameter if non ‐standard, design pressure and temperature and flange material specification.

Blind flanges and spacer blinds will have pressure ratings to meet B16.5. Hence the blinds can be used for hydrostatic pressure tests up to 1.5 x listed pressure rating in B16.5 for the appropriate blind flange material.

For temperatures above 250°C, Vector International will supply the pressure ratings and external load capacities.




9. Information to be supplied by purchaser In addition to the standard designation detailed in chapter 8, the following additional information should be supplied by the purchaser in the inquiry and/or order, where appropriate:

Outside diameter for weld neck/pipe, if different form those specified in this standard. Bore at flange face and neck (weld neck) if tapered bore to be machined, see figure 3. Weld end preparation if different from those specified in this standard. Material certificate requirements. Bolting material and preload method (torque/hydraulic tension) when bolts are ordered

with the flanges.

10. AVAILABILITY SPO Compact Flanges are manufactured by Vector International AS and under license by other manufactures.

11. SERVICES Vector International design and manufacture an extensive range of ad hoc SPO Compact

Flange designs, many outside the standard range. Smaller and lighter SPO Compact Flanges afford substantial cost savings where high alloyed and exotic materials are involved. Should sizing be required, the following information should be supplied:

Design pressure, temperature and external loads for actual load conditions Pipe/flange materials Pipe or pressure vessel code Pipe bore and outside diameter Bolting material Addition requirements, e.g. corrosion allowance

Quantities and schedule

Our team of engineers and technicians is available to assist clients with integrated team work, design, special flange designs, site supervision and assembly of the SPO Compact Flange. For special cases Vector International will be happy to assist with more detailed analysis including non ‐linear finite element analysis.




Appendix A: Figures

Figure 1: How SPO Compact Flange works (exaggerated bevel angle) 23 Figure 2: SPO Compact Flange standard features ........................................................................ 24 Figure 3: Flange types – assemblies ............................................................................................. 25 Figure 4: Flange types (cont’d) – line blanks ................................................................................ 26 Figure 5: Weld ends of weld neck flanges and swivel collars ...................................................... 27 Figure 6: Stud length .................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 7: Comparison SPO Compact flange vs ANSI flange. ......................................................... 29




Figure 1: How SPO Compact Flange works (exaggerated bevel angle)




Figure 2: SPO Compact Flange standard features




Figure 3: Flange types – assemblies




Figure 4: Flange types (cont’d) – line blanks




Figure 5: Weld ends of weld neck flanges and swivel collars




Figure 6: Stud length




ANSI

High hydrostatic force Large moment arm Reduced stiffness Reduced sealing reliability Load transfer through gasket

SPO Compact Flange

Small hydrostatic force

Small moment

arm

Increased stiffness Increased sealing reliability Load transfer through flange faces

Figure 7: Comparison SPO Compact flange vs ANSI flange.

6 “ CL2500 WN (relative to scale)




Section 2: Installation and assembly procedure

Section 3: Flange dimensions

Section 4: Seal Ring / Groove dimensions

Section 5: Weights Each Flange

Section 6: Length of Studbolts

Section 7: Bolt Weights

Section 8: Assembly Weights

Section 9: Comparison

Section 10: Pressure ‐ Temperature Ratings

spo designers manual

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