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SPM State Trial Papers Form 5 Chapter 2: Carbon Compounds QUESTION 1 - 2015 PULAU PINANG QUESTION 5 Diagram 2 shows a flow chart of the changes occurred of organic compounds. Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu siri perubahan yang berlaku ke atas sebatian organic.

Diagram 2 / Rajah 2

(a) State one homologous series for but-1-ene. Nyatakan siri homolog bagi but-1-ena. [1 mark]

(b) Draw the structural formula for two isomers of butan-1-ol.

Lukis formula struktur bagi dua isomer butan-1-ol. [2 marks] (c) Based on Reaction I, state the type of the reaction.

Berdasarkan Tindak balas I, nyatakan jenis tindak balas tersebut. [1 mark] (d) Draw the set up of apparatus used in Reaction II.

Lukis susunan radas yang digunakan dalam Tindak balas II. [2 marks] (e) In Reaction III, name the reagent used in this process.

Dalam tindak balas III, namakan reagen yang digunakan dalam proses ini. [1 mark] (f) Propanoic acid is added to butan-1-ol to produce compound P.

Asid propanoik ditambahkan kepada butan-1-ol untuk menghasilkan sebatian P. [1 mark] (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.

Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini. [2 marks] (ii) State one physical property of compound P.

Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian P. [1 mark]

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Suggested Answer:

(a) Alkene

(b)

(c) Hydration

(d)

(e) Acidified potassium manganate (VII) // Acidified potassium dichromate (VI)

(f) (i) C2H5COOH + C4H9OH C2H5COOC4H9 + H2O (ii) Sweet / pleasant / fruity smell

QUESTION 2 - 2014 KEDAH MODUL 1 QUESTION 6 Diagram 6 shows the conversion of but-l-ene to hydrocarbon Y Through process X at 180 °C with the presence of nickel as a catalyst. Rajah 6 menunjukkan pertukaran but-l-ena kepada hidrokarbon Y melalui proses X pada 180°C dengan kehadiran nikel sebagai mangkin.

Diagram 6 / Rajah 6

(a) Name process X. Namakan proses X. [1 mark] (b) Write the chemical equation to represent process X. Tulis persamaan kimia untuk mewakili proses X. [1 mark] (c) Describe one chemical test to differentiate but-l-ene and hydrocarbon Y.

Huraikan satu ujian kimia bagi membezakan but-l-ena dan hidrokarbon Y. [3 marks]

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(d) 29g of hidrokarbon Y is completely burnt in oxygen as in the equation below. 29g hidrokarbon Y terbakar dengan lengkap dalam oksigen seperti dalam persamaan di

bawah.

OHCOOHC 222104 542

13

Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas produced . Hitung isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil. [Relative atomic mass: C = 12. O = 16. H = 1] [Jisim atom relatif. C = 12. O = 16. H - 1] [3 marks]

(e) Isomerism is the phenomenon where a compound has the same molecular fonnula but different structural formula. Butene has three isomers. Draw all the isomers of butene.

Isomerism ialah fenomena di mana suatu sebatian mempunya formula molekul yang sama tetapi formula struktur yang berbeza. Butena mempunyai tiga isomer. Lukis semua isomer bagi butena. [3 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Hidrogenation / Addition

(b) 10484 HCHC

(c) 1. Put 2-3 drops of bromine into two different test tubes

2. Fill 2 3cm of but-1-ene and 2 3cm of hydrocarbon Y in the test tubes with stopper. 3. But-1-ene decolourise brown bromine water but in hydrocarbon Y remain unchanged or 1. Put 2-3 drops of acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution into two different test

tubes

2. Fill 2 3cm of but-1-ene and 2 3cm of hydrocarbon Y into the test tubes with stopper. 4. Shake the test tubes 3. But-1-ene decolourise purple acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution but in

hydrocarbon Y purple colour remain unchanged

(d) 1 mol Y 4 mol 2CO

0.5 mol 2 mol 2CO

Mass of 2CO = 2 x 44g = 88g

(e) Isomer

QUESTION 3 - 2014 KEDAH MODUL 2 QUESTION 6 Diagram 6 shows the flow chart for the conversion of propanol to propene to propane through Process I and Process II.

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Rajah 6 menunjukkan carta alir penukaran propanol kepada propena kepada propana melalui Proses I dan II.

Propanol Propanol

Process 1

Propene Propena

Process 2

Propane Propana

Diagram 6 / Rajah 6

(a) Name the homologous series for propene. Namakan siri homolog bagi propena. [1 mark] (b) Complete the chemical equation for Process 1 by drawing the structural formula of the product

formed. Lengkapkan persamaan kimia bagi Proses 1 dengan melukis formula struktur hasil yang terbentuk. [1 mark]

(c) Propene and propane are combustible in oxygen. Propena dan propana mudah terbakar dalam oksigen. (i) Write the chemical equation for combustion of propene in excess oxygen. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi pembakaran propena di dalam oksigen berlebihan. [1 mark] (ii) Compare the sootiness for the combustion of propene and propane. Explain your answer.

[Given the relative molar mass of propene = 42 gmol-1 and propane = 44 gmol-1] Bandingkan jelaga yang terhasil semasa pembakaran propena dan propana. Terangkan jawapan anda. [Diberi jisim molar bagi propena = 42 gmol-1 dan propana = 44 gmol-1] [3 marks]

(d) Propene decolorised the purple colour of potassium manganate (VII) solution but propane

does not change the purple colour of potassium manganate (VII) solution. Give a reason. Propena menyahwarnakan warna ungu larutan kalium manganate (VII) tetapi propana tidak mengubah warna ungu larutan kalium manganat (VII). Berikan satu sebab. [1 mark]

(e) Draw a labelled diagram to show how Process 1 can be carried out.

Lukiskan gambarajah berlabel yang menunjukkan bagaimana Proses 1 boleh dijalankan. [3 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Alkene / alkena

(b)

(c) (i)

C3H6 + 9/2 O2 3CO2 + 3H2O Correct formula of reactant and product Balance equation

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(ii) Propene produce more soot % of C in propene is higher than that in propane % of C in propene: 3 X 12 X 100 = 85.71% 42 % of C in propane: 3 X 12 X 100 = 81.82% 44

(d) Propene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon but propane is saturated hydrocarbon // Propene has double bond but propane has single bond.

(e)

QUESTION 4 - 2015 KELANTAN QUESTION 6

Diagram 6 shows a flow chart to prepare substance P, OHC 62 from pineapple juice using

fermentation process.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan carta alir bagi penyediaan bahan P, OHC 62 daripada jus nenas melalui

proses penapaian.

(a) State the substance required for the fermentation process of pineapple juice. Nyatakan bahan yang diperlukan untuk proses penapaian jus nenas. [1 mark]

(b) State the homologous series of substance P. Nyatakan siri homolog bagi bahan P. [1 mark]

(c) Name the substance Q? Namakan bahan Q? [1 mark]

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(d) Substance P is a very good fuel. Bahan P adalah merupakan bahan api yang sangat baik. (i) Explain why? Terangkan mengapa? [1 mark]

(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation when substance P is burnt completely in excess

oxygen. Tulis persamaan kimia seimbang apabila bahan P terbakar lengkap dalam oksigen berlebihan. [2 marks]

(e) Diagram 6 above, substance P reacts with substance Q to produce substance R.

Dalam Rajah 6 di atas, bahan P bertindak balas dengan bahan O untuk menghasilkan bahan R.

(i) State the reaction to produce substance R above. Nyatakan tindak balas untuk menghasikan bahan R tersebut. [1 mark]

(ii) State the name of substance R. Nyatakan nama bahan R. [1 mark]

(iii) Compare the electrical conductivity between substance Q and R. Explain. Banding kekonduksian elektrik antara bahan Q dan bahan R. Terangkan. [2 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Yis / enzim Zimase

(b) Alkohol

(c) Asid propanoik

(d) (i) Mempunyai haba pembakaran yang tinggi / kurang jelaga / pembakaran berlaku lengkap / tidak mencemarkan alam sekitar.

(ii) OHCOOOHC 22262 323

(e) (i) Pengesteran (ii) Etil propanoat (iii) Bahan Q boleh mengkonduksi elektrik tetapi bahan R tidak boleh. Q mengandungi ion-ion yang bergerak bebas tetapi R tiada (terdiri daripada molekul)

QUESTION 5 - 2012 SBP QUESTION 6 Diagram 6.1 shows the conversion of but-2-ene to hydrocarbon Y through Process X at 180°C with the presence of nickel as a catalyst. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan pertukaran but-2-ena kepada hidrokarbon Y melalui Proses X pada 180°C dengan kehadiran nikel sebagai mangkin.

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(a) Name process X. Namakan proses X. [1 mark]

(b) Write the chemical equation to represent process X. Tulis persamaan kimia untuk mewakili proses X. [1 mark] (c) 28g of but-2-ene is completely burnt in oxygen. The chemical equation below shows the

combustion of but-2-ene.

[Relative atomic mass: C = 12, O = 16, H = 1; Molar volume of gas = 24 13 moldm at room

conditions] 28g but-2-ena terbakar dengan lengkap dalam oksigen. Persamaan kimia di bawah menunjukkan pembakaran but-2-ena.

[Jisim atom relalif: C = 12, O = 16, H = 1; Isi padu molar gas = 24 13 moldm pada keadaan bilik]

(i) Calculate the number of moles of but-2-ene burnt. Hitung bilangan mol but-2-ena yang terbakar. [1 mark] (ii) Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced. Hitung isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil. [2 marks]

(d) Describe a chemical test to differentiate but-2-ene and hydrocarbon Y. Terangkan satu ujian kimia bagi membezakan but-2-ena dan hidrokarbon Y. [3 marks] (e) Diagram 6.2 shows two types of rubbers, rubber type A and rubber type B. Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan dua jenis getah, getah jenis A dan getah jenis B.

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(i) Identify the type of rubbers A and B. Kenal pasti jenis getah A dan B. [2 marks] (ii) Compare the elasticity of rubber type A and rubber type B. Bandingkan keelastikan getah jenis A dengan getah jenis B. [1 mark]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Hydrogenation

(b) 104284 HCHHC

(c) (i) Mole of but-2-ene mol05.0

56

8.2

(ii) 1. 1 mole of butene burns in oxygen gas produces 4 moles of carbon dioxide gas. Therefore 0.05 mole of butene burns in oxygen gas produces 0.2 mole of carbon dioxide gas//

2. Volume of 3

2 8.4242.0 dmCO

(d) 1. 2 3cm of but-2-ene and 2 3cm of butane gas are filled in two different test tubes. 2. 2-3 drops of acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution is added to both test tubes.

3. But-2-ene decolourises purple acidified 4KMnO . Purple acidified 4KMnO in butane

remains unchange. Or

1. 2 3cm of but-2-ene and 2 3cm of butane gas are filled in two different test tubes. 2. 2-3 drops of bromine water is added to both lest tubes. 3. But-2-ene decolourises brown bromine water. Brown bromine water in butane remains

unchange.

(e) (i) A: Unvulcanised rubber B: Vulcanised rubber (ii) Rubber type B / Vulcanised rubber is more elastic than rubber type A / unvulcanised

rubber.

QUESTION 6 - 2015 KEDAH MODUL 2 QUESTION 8 Table 8.1 show few carbon compounds with their structural formula. Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan beberapa sebatian karbon dan formula struktur masing-masing.

Compound Sebatian

Structural Formula Formula Struktur

P

Q

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R

S

Table 8.1 / Jadual 8.1

(a) (i) Compare and contrast the sootiness of compound P and compound Q when burnt in excess of oxygen. Explain your answer.

[Relative atomic mass: C=12, H=l] Bandingkan dan bezakan kejelagaan sebatian P dan sebatian Q apabila terbakar dalam oksigen berlebihan. Terangkan jawapan anda. [Jisim atom relatif: C=12, H=l] [4 marks]

(ii) Table 8.2 shows the results of a test on compounds P and Q. Jadual 8.2 menunjukkan keputusan bagi suatu ujian keatas sebatian P dan sebatian Q.

Table 8.2 / Jadual 8.2

Based on table 8.2 explain the difference in the observation. Berdasarkan jadual 8.2, terangkan perbezaan dalam pemerhatian. [4 marks]

(b) 2.3g of compound R is burnt completely in excess oxygen to produce carbon dioxide gas and

water. Write the chemical equation for the reaction and determine the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced. [Molar mass of R=46, molar volume at room condition= 24 dm3 mol-1]

Test Ujian

Method Kaedah

Observation Pemerhatian

I Compound P is shaken with bromine water in a test tube. Sebatian P digoncang dengan air bromin dalam suatu tabung uji.

Brown bromine water remain unchanged. Warna perang air bromin tidak berubah.

II Compound Q is shaken with bromine water in a test tube. Sebatian Q digoncang dengan air bromin dalam suatu tabung uji.

Brown bromine water decolourised. Warna perang air bromin dinyahwarnakan.

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2.3g sebatian R terbakar dengan lengkap dalam oksigen berlebihan untuk menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida dan air. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut dan tentukan isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil. [Jisim molar R =46, isipadu molar gas pada keadaan bilik 24 dm3 mol-1] [5 marks]

(c) Diagram 8 shows foods contain ester. Rajah 8 menunjukkan makanan yang mengandungi ester.

Diagram 8 / Rajah 8

(i) State two compounds from Table 8.1 that react to produce ester. Name and draw the

structural formula of the ester formed. Nyatakan dua sebatian daripada Jadual 8.1 yang bertindak balas untuk menghasilkan ester. Namakan dan lukiskan formula struktur bagi ester yang terbentuk. [4 marks]

(ii) Acid T is used as catalyst during esterification reaction. When concentrated acid T spills

on marble floor bubbles are formed. Name acid T and write the ionic equation for the reaction. Asid T digunakan sebagai mangkin semasa tindak balas pengesteran. Apabila asid T yang pekat tumpah ke atas lantai marmar gelembung gas terbentuk. Namakan asid T dan tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas tersebut. [3 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) (i)

Percentage of C in P = 36 X 100% 44 = 81.81% Percentage of C in Q = 36 X 100% 42 = 85.7% Q produce more soot because percentage of carbon by mass of Q more than P.

(ii) Test I 1. P is saturated hydrocarbon / P has single bond between carbon atoms 2. Do not undergo addition reaction //do not react with bromine Test II 3. Q is unsaturated hydrocarbon / Q has double bond between carbon atom 4. Undergoes addition reaction react with bromine

(b) C2H5OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O 1. Correct formula and reactant 2. Correct balancing

3. No of mole of ethanol = 46

3.2 // 0.05 mol

4. 1 mole of ethanol produce 2 mole of carbon dioxide // 0.05 mole of ethanol produce 0.1 mole of carbon dioxide

5. Volume = 0.1 x 24 dm3 // 2.4 dm3

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(c) (i)

1. R 2. S 3. Ethyl butanone 4.

(ii) T = Sulphuric acid (2H+ + CO32- CO2 + H2O)

QUESTION 7 – 2005 SBP QUESTION 8 Diagram 8 shows the flow chart for the reactions of propan-1-ol. Rajah 8 menunjukkan carta alir bagi tindak balas propanol.

(a) Draw the structural formula and state the name of compounds X, Y and Z. Lukiskan formula struktur dan nyatakan nama sebatian X, Y dan Z. [6 marks] (b) State the type of Reaction I and explain a chemical test to identify compound X. Nyatakan jenis Tindak balas I dan terangkan ujian kimia untuk mengenal pasti sebatian X.

[3 marks]

(c) Compound X can be converted into propan-1-ol. Write the chemical equation and state the conditions needed for the reaction. Sebatian X boleh ditukarkan kepada propan-1-ol. Tuliskan persamaaan kimia dan nyatakan keadaan diperlukan untuk tindak balas itu. [3 marks]

(d) In Reaction III, describe the method of preparing compound Z in the laboratory. Dalam Tindak balas III, huraikan kaedah penyediaan sebatian Z di makmal. [4 marks]

(e) When calcium carbonate is added to compound Y, carbon dioxide gas is liberated.

• State the name of the functional group of compound Y. • Write the general formula of compound Y.

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• Write the chemical equation of the reaction. Apabila kalsium karbonat ditambahkan kepada sebatian Y, gas karbon diaksida dibebaskan. • Nyatakan nama kimpulan berfungsi sebatian Y. • Tuliskan fornula am bagi xebatian Y • Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu. [4 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a)

(b) 1. Dehydration reaction 2. Add bromine / potassium manganate (VII) solution

3. Brown colour of bromine is decolourised./ Purple colour of 4KMnO changes to

colourless.

(c) 1. Correct formula of rcactants 2. Correct formula of product

3. OHHCOHHC 73263

Conditions needed for the reaction: - Phosphoric acid - Temperature 300 °C - Pressure 60 atm

(d) 1. 2 3cm of glacial ethanoic acid is poured into a boiling tube.

2. 2 3cm of propan-1-ol is added to the acid. 3. Concentrated sulphuric acid is added slowly and carefully. 4. The mixture is heated.

(e) 1. Functional group: carboxyl group / -COOH

2. General formula: COOHHC nn 12

3. Correct formula of reactants and products 4. Balanced

OHCOCOOHCCaCaCOCOOHHC 222523522

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QUESTION 8 – 2014 KEDAH MODUL 1 QUESTION 10 Alcohol is an example of an organic compound with various uses. The general formula of alcohol is CnH2n+1 OH. Alkohol adalah satu contoh sebatian organik dengan pelbagai kegunaan. Formula am alkohol adalah CnH2n+1 OH. (a) An alcohol contains 64.9% of carbon. 13.5% of hydrogen and 21.6% of oxygen. Determine the

molecular formula of the alcohol and state the name of the alcohol. Sejenis alcohol mengandungi 64.9% karbon, 13.5% hidrogen and 21.6% oksigen. Tentukan formula molekul alkohol tersebut dan nyatakan nama alkohol tersebut. [3 marks]

(b) Diagram 10 shows the flow chart on how ethanol can be prepared in the school laboratory and

industry using glucose and ethene respectively. Rajah 10 menunjukkan carta alir bagaimana etanol dapat disediakan di makmal sekolah dan industri menggunakan glukosa dan etena masing-masing.

Glucose Glukosa

Ethanol Etanol

Ethene Etena

Diagram 10 / Rajah 10

Briefly describe the preparation of ethanol from glucose and ethene. Your description must include: • The name of the process and the steps required • The chemicals to be used and the suitable conditions for the conversions • The chemical equation for the reactions that occur Huraikan dengan ringkas penyediaan etanol daripada glukosa dan etena. Huraian anda haruslah merangkumi: • Nama bagi proses dan langkah yang terlibat • Bahan kimia yang digunakan dan keadaan yang sesuai bagi pertukaran • Persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku [10 marks]

(c) Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form esters and water. By using one named example of

an alcohol and one named example of a carboxylic acid, describe the preparation of an ester in the laboratory. Alkohol bertindak balas dengan asid karboksilik untuk menghasilkan ester dan air. Dengan menggunakan satu alkohol yang dinamakan dan satu asid karboksilik yang dinamakan, huraikan penyediaan ester di dalam makmal. [6 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Elements: C : H : O Mass/g: 64.9 : 13.5 : 21.6 No of mole: 5.4 : 13.5 : 1.35 Ratio: 4 : 10 : 1 C4H 9OH Butanol

(b) From glucose: Process Fermentation Steps

50cm3 glucose solution is added with yeast into a conical flask

Left for 30 days

The product is then purified by fractional distillation

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Chemical equation

C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 From ethane: Process Hydration // addition reaction Steps

A mixture of ethene and water vapour / steam are passed over phosphoric acid as the catalyst

At temperature of 300 °C and pressure of 60 atm Chemical equation

C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH

(c) - Name any suitable alcohol - Name any suitable carboxylic - Mix alcohol and carboxylic acid (same volume) - In round bottom flask - Add a few drops of sulphuric acid concentrated - Heat the mixture in bath under reflux

QUESTION 9 – 2014 SBP QUESTION 10 Diagram 10.1 shows the conversion of an organic compound from one homologous series to another. Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan penukaran sebatian organik daripada satu siri homolog kepada yang lain.

(a) Propanol burns completely in excess oxygen gas to produce gas X and water.

• Write a balance chemical equation to show the reaction. • Calculate the volume of gas X produced if 0.3 mol of oxygen gas is used in this reaction.

[Molar volume at room conditions = 24.0 13 moldm ] Propanol terbakar dengan lengkap dalam oksigen berlebihan menghasilkan gas X dan air. • Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas tersebut. • Hitungkan isi padu gas X yang terhasil jika 0.3 mol gas oksigen digunakan dalam tindak

balas ini.

[Isipadu molar pada keadaan bilik = 24.0 13 moldm ] [4 marks]

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(b) Propanol reacts with propanoic acid to produce ester Y. Draw the structural formula and name of the ester Y formed. Compare propanol and ester Y in terms of: • Functional group • Solubility in water Propanol bertindak balas dengan asid propanoik untuk menghasilkan ester Y. Lukiskan formula struktur dan namakan ester yang terbentuk. Bandingkan propanol dan ester Y dari segi: • Kumpulan berfungsi • Keterlarutan dalam air [6 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.2 shows two reagent bottles P and Q. One of the bottles contains hexane while another contains hexene. Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan dua botol reagen P dan Q. Satu daripada botol tersebut mengandungi heksana dan satu lagi mengandungi heksena.

Describe a chemical test to verify hexane and hexene in the bottles. Your explanation should include: • List of apparatus and materials • Procedure • Observation Huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk mengenal pasti heksana dan heksena dalam botol itu. Penerangan anda hendaklah mengandungi: • Senarai bahan dan radas • Prosedur • Pemerhatian [10 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Chemical equation: OHCOOOHHC 22273 43

2

9 //

Chemical equation: OHCOOOHHC 22273 8692

Volume of gas X: 1. Based on equation;

2

9mol 2O : 3 mol 2CO

0.3 mol 2O : 0.2 mol 2CO

2. Volume of 2CO 33 4800//8.4242.0 cmdm

(b) Structural formula of ester Y

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Name: propyl propanoate

Propanol Ester Y

Functional group Hydroxyl / - OH Carboxylate/ - COO

Solubility in water Soluble in water Insoluble in water

.

(c) Apparatus: Test tubes, dropper Materials: Bromine water // acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution, hexane, hexane Procedure:

1. [2 - 5] 3cm of liquid in bottle P is poured into a test tube.

2. 2 3cm / A few drop of bromine water // acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution is

added to the test tube. 3. The mixture is shaken. 4. Any changes is observed and recorded. 5. Steps 1 to 4 are repeated by using the liquid in bottle Q to replace the liquid in bottle P. Observation:

Set Observation

Liquid in bottle P Brown bromine water decolourised // purple acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution decolourised.

Liquid in bottle Q No change.

Liquid in bottle P is hexene. Liquid in bottle Q is hexane.