spinal cord and peripheral nervous system
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Spinal cord and Peripheral nervous system. \. Spinal cord - Functions. Sensory and motor pathway. Reflex arc (spinal cord). Reflex center – Sensory receptor Sensory neuron Interneuron (association neuron) Motor neuron (effector) An effector organ. Spinal Cord Anatomy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Spinal cord and Peripheral nervous system
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Spinal cord - FunctionsSensory and motor pathway
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Reflex arc (spinal cord)Reflex center –
Sensory receptor Sensory neuron Interneuron (association neuron) Motor neuron (effector) An effector organ
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Spinal Cord Anatomy Association neuron Motor
http://www.bayareapainmedical.com/wspinecrd.html
Gray Matter – “butterfly” interneuronsWhite Matter – myelinated
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Spinal cord Anatomy
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Spinal Cord tractsSensory 1. Dorsal column2. SpinothalamicAscending tracts
temperature, pressure, pain, light, touch
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Spinal cord tracts continuedMotor tracts1. Corticospinal
Decending Skeletal tone, voluntary muscle movement
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Nerves attached to Sp. Cord Dorsal Root Ganglia
– bundle of sensory nerves
Ventral Root Ganglia – bundle of motor fibers
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Peripheral Nervous system
P e rip he ra l N ervo u s S ys tem
S o m a tic
sym p ath tic Ne rvo ussys tem
p a rasym p a the tic n e rv o ussys tem
A u ton o m ic N erv o ussys tye m
P N S
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Somatic Nervous System Includes all nerves in the
musculoskeletal system, sense organsReceptor (receives impulse) to Effector
(muscle fiber)
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Autonomic Nervous SystemMotor neurons that control internal
organs (involuntary) Innervate all organs Two divisions of
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Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic
“Fight or flight response”
Inhibits digestion Pupils dilate Accelerates heart
rate Increase breathing
rate.
Parasympathetic Normal state Promotes digestion Pupils constrict Normal heartbeat “feed and breed”
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The Eye: Photoreceptor Lens – refraction and
focusing Iris – controls entrance
of light into eye Pupil – window into the
eye Choroid – blood
vessels, absorbs stray light
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Eye anatomy continued Sclera – white
fiborous layer, protection
Humors – Aqueous humor –
between the cornea an lens
Viterous humor – fills large cavity, gelatinous material
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Eye Anatomy continued Ciliary body – holds
lens in place Retina – contains
receptors Cones – color vision Rods – black and
white vision Optic Nerve
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Eye Anatomy Continued Optic Nerve – picks up
impulse Ciliary muscles –
controls the shape of the lens
Accommodation – Additional focusing
power Near object – ciliary
muscle contracts, lens becomes round
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Physiology of sight Focusing – light rays
bent by cornea, focus on the retina, refraction and inverted
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Cross section of head
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Normal Vision 20/20at a distance of 20 feet, you can read a
certain line (labeled 20) on the chart and that your vision is normal.
20/40 -
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Nearsightedness (myopic)Farsightedness (hyperopia)
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Disorders of the Eye:
Glaucoma – built up pressure in the eye due to lack of aqueous humor drainage
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Vision of a person with Glaucoma
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Cataracts- clouding of the lens