spina bifida -an unfortunately common birth defect that affects about 1,300 babies each year-
Post on 15-Jan-2016
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Spina Bifida
-An unfortunately common birth defectthat affects about 1,300 babies each
year-
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Overview:
• What is spina bifida?• Three forms of spina bifida• Causes• Who is at risk?• Medical problems that occur with spina bifida• Prevention• Role of March of Dimes
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What is spina bifida?
• birth defect resulting from the incomplete closure of the embryonic neural tube
• the vertebrae overlying the open portion of the spinal cord remains unfused and open
• the abnormal portion of the spinal cord sticks out through the opening in the bones
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Three forms of spina bifida
1.Occulta2.Meningocele3.Myelomeningocele
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Occulta
• mildest form• no symptoms• gap in one or more of the
vertebre of the spine• dimple, hairy patch, dark
spot or swelling over affected area
• spinal cords and nerves usually normal
• no treatment needed
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Meningocele
• rarest form• cyst or fluid-filled sac
pokes through open part of spine
• sac contains membranes that protect spinal cord, but not spinal nerves
• cyst removed by surgery, usually allowing for normal development
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Myelomeningocele
• most severe form• cyst holds both membranes
and nerve roots of spinal cord and, often, the cord itself
• sometimes, a fully exposed section of spinal cord and nerves
• closed surgically after birth• affected babies: leg paralysis
and bladder and bowel control problems
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Causes
• causes of spina bifida are not completely understood
• scientists believe both genetic and environmental factors cause this
• however, 95% of affected babies are born to parents with no family history of these disorders
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Who is at risk?
• ANYONE! :( • couples who already had an affected baby has an
increased risk of having another affected baby • women who are obese, have poorly controlled
diabetes, or who are treated with certain anti-seizure meds have a higher risk
• more common in Hispanics and Caucasions
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Medical Problems that occur
• Hydrocephalus (70-90%)• Chiari II malformation (change the brain's
position)• Tethered spinal cord (held in place by
connective tissue)• Urinary tract disorders • Latex allergy (73%)• Learning disabilities (20%)
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Prevention
• Folic Acid -- 70% NTDs can be prevented
• multivitamin of 400 micrograms of folic acid every day
• every day foods: grain products, fortified foods, leafy-green vegetables, dried beans, oranges, orange juice
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Role of March of Dimes
• award grants to research labso search for genes that may
contribute to spina bifida and other NTDs to develop new ways to prevent these disorders
o seek better understanding of how folic acid prevents NTDs
o develop programs to prevent behavior and adjustment problems in children and adolescents with spina bifida
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Thank you for listening!