By: Emilia Peecher

Table of Contents

1. Preterit2. Preterit Trigger Words3. -Car, Gar, Zars4. Spock5. Snake and Snakey6. Cucaracha 7. Imperfect8. Imperfect Trigger Words9. Imperfect Irregulars10. Preterit vs. Imperfect11. Ser vs. Estar

12. Verbs Like Gustar13. Comparatives and

Superlatives 14. Comparative and

Superlative Irregulars15. Transition Words16. Future17. Future Trigger Words18. Future Irregulars19. Por20. Para

1. Independent Event

2. Start or completion of an event

3. Specific time reference

4. Actions part of a chain of events

5. Actions repeated a specific number of times

-ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs

é amos

aste

ó aron

í imos

iste

ió ieron

í imos

iste

ió ieron

Preterit Trigger Words

Preterit

AnocheAyer

Ante ayerLa semana

El añoPasado(a)

Hace (tiempo) que

-Car, Gar, Zars

que camos

caste

có caron

cé zamos

zaste

zó zaron

gue gamos

gaste

gó garon

-Car

-Gar

-Zar

Spock

fui fuimos

fuiste

fue fueron

í imos

iste

ió ieron

hice hicimos

hiciste

hizo hicieron

Ir- to go Ser- to beDar- to give Ver- to

see( use d or v )

Hacer- to make

Snake and Snakey

Both change in only 3rd person

Snakey

i>y : oir

e>y : leer, creer

Snake

e>i : competir, pedir, preferir, sentir,

servir, venir

o>u : dormir, morir

CucarachaAll have the same endings.

Andar – aduvEstar – estuvPoder – pudPoner – pusSaber – supTener – tuvVenir – vinConducer – condujProducir – produjTraducir – tradujDecir - dij }

e

iste

o

imos

ieron

Imperfect1. Repeated actions

2. “set the stage” for past action

3. Time

4. Age

5. Mental states

6. Physical sensations

7. characteristics

-ar verbs -er/ir verbs

aba abamos

abas

aba aban

ia iamos

ias

ia ian

Imperfect Trigger Words

Imperfect

SiempreA veces

De vez un cuandoMientras

Muchos vecesLos martes

Imperfect Irregulars

era eramos

eras

era eran

iba ibamos

ibas

iba iban

veía veíamos

veías

veía veían

Ser

Ir Ver

Preterit vs. Imperfect

1. Beginning or end of an action

2. Narrate a series of past actions

3. Action with a definite ending

4. An interrupted action (snapshot)

1. Habitual past

2. Physical or emotional states

3. Characteristics

4. No definite ending

5. Continuous action (movie)

Preterit Imperfect

Ser(to be)

Ddoctor

Oorigin

Ccharacteristic

Ttime

Ooccupation

Rrelationship

Ppossession

Eevent

Ddate

Estar(to be)

Hhealth

Eemotion

Llocation

Ppresent

condition

I

N

G

ING: ando, endo, iendo

Verbs like Gustar

• Aburrir – to bore

• Encantar – to love

• Faltar – to fail

• Fascinar – to fascinate

• Importar – to be important

• Interesar – to interest

• Molestar – to bother

• Caer bien/mal – to fall

• Doler – to hurt

• Disgustar – to disgust

• Preocupar – to preoccupy

• Apetecer – to wish for

• Quedar – to be

1. When gustar is followed by one or more infinitives, the singular form is used.

2. Gustar is often used in conditional tense for a request

(more)

(less)

(than)

(than)

(the most) (of)

(the least) (of)

Viejo

Mayor

Bueno

Mejor

Malo

Peor

Joven

Menor

Aunque – even though

Tambien – also

Mientras – while

A pesar de – in spite of

Pero – but

Por lo tanto – therefore

Sin embargo/no obstante – never the less

*WILL*Endings for –ar, er, and ir verbs are the same

Infinitive + é Infinitive + emos

Infinitive + ás Infinitive + éis

Infinitive + á Infinitive + an

Future Trigger WordsFuture Trigger Words

FutureEl proximo (hora, día, semana,..)

MañanaEn (dos, cuatro,..semanas,

días, horas,..)

Future IrregularsDecir – dir

Hacer – harPoner – pondrSalir – saldr

Tener – tendrValer – valdrVenir – vendrPoder – podr

Querer – querrCaber – cabrHaber - habr

Passingthrough

Generallocation

How longsomething

lasts

TransportationAn exchange NumbersIn place of/Instead of

Cause ofsomething

For whomsomething is

doneDestination

Purpose ofwhich

somethingIs done

Express ideaof deadline

Express anopinion

Compare orcontrast