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IP

Internat ional Phrasebooks

Dr. Israel Palchan

Spanish

IP Phrasebook for English speakers

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ISBN 978-965-7083-18-31-4

Translation

Mariana Janin

972-2-6252623

[email protected]

Text correctionRoni Goldberg

Cover and book design

BRICK. Keren Gottlieb

972-547-581085

972-3-5442727

[email protected]

All right reserved. No part of this book may be translated,

reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in whole

or in part, in any form, or by any means, including photocopying,

electronic, mechanical, recording devices or otherwise, without

prior written permission from the copyright holder

2013 by I. Palchan

10/5 Hildesheimer str., 93115, JerusalemIsrael

Tel./Fax.: 972-2-5361297

e-mail: [email protected]

http://iphrasebooks.com

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How to use IP Phrasebooks

You want to say:

"Please give me a ticket to Barcelona"

Search: index:

p. 235

page: find:

1 please p 17, 25 por favor

2 give me g 18 dame

3 a ticket t 22, 92 un tiquete

4 to t 24, 47 a

5 Barcelona b 48 Barcelona

You Say:

"Por favor, dame un tiquete a Barcelona"

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page

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______________CONTENT_______________

Introduction 11

How to read in Spanish? 13

The Alphabet 13

Pronunciation 14

Useful words for tourists 17

Common Expressions 17

Words and expressions for the first meeting 17Health 19

The Police, The Law 20

Shopping 20

Prepositions and conjunctions 22

Questions 24Exclamations 25

Pronouns 26

Personal Pronouns 26

Possessive Pronouns 26

Reflexive Pronouns 28

Place adverbs, direction 28

Time adverbs 29

General Adverbs and conjunctions 30

Numbers 34

Fractions 34

Questions 35Who... (relatives, professions) 35

What (kitchen utensils, food, the human body) 37

Where (different places, directions) 42

Where from 48

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When 49

How much? How many? 53

How 56Which, What

Colors, Flavors 58

Adjectives 60

Why 61

Verbs 65

Introduction to Verbs 65

"Haber" 70

agree 75

answer 76;

ask 77;

ask, Demand 78

be (gerundio) 79

be (mood, weather, time, events) 81

be able, can (activities) 84

be afraid 85

be glad, happy 86be in pain 87

be late 88

be scared (fears) 89

bring 90

buy (personal items, food, clothes) 91call (how and when) 93

call (name) 94

choose 95

close 96

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come 97

consult 99

cross 101cut (weight, forms) 102

decide (on...) 104

demand 105

drink 107

drink (alcoholic drinks) 108eat (foods) 109

enter, come in (places and situations) 113

fall 115

feel (feelings, sensations) 116

find (documents, people, places) 117

finish, end 119

forget (events) 120

give 121

get lost, get in trouble 123

go (places and activities) 123

go down (direction) 126go, come back (places) 127

go to (tourist agents) 130

have 132

help (activities) 133

hope 134invite (home, theater, hotel, trip) 135

listen 139

look, see, watch 140

love 143

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to like 144

meet (tourist agents) 145

open (events) 147order (something, food) 148

order (menu, food, etc.) 149

pay (ways to pay) 151

participate (events) 152

phone (call) 153

phone (dial) 153

prefer 154

promise (promises) 155

return (times and dates) 159

search for, look for (destinations, places) 162

sell (home product) 163sit (places and ways to sit) 165

sleep (things for sleep, ways to sleep) 166

smoke 168

stand 170

stay (family members, places) 171take (use in Latin America) 176

take 177

take a shower 179

tell 180

wait (for transportation, events) 185

win (games) 190

work (professions and positions) 191

write (writings) 193

Spanish foods 195

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Signs 205

Expressions 209

Index 235

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_______________INTRODUCTION______________

Spain and South America! So beautiful and rich with

varied cultures. And Latin America is so magical forthe tourist from faraway. Both places are known for

their warmth and hospitality.

In these countries the locals have little knowledge

of the English language, so tourists need to be able

to ask questions and express themselves in Spanish,albeit imperfectly, when walking along the streets and

markets. This is essential for maximum exploitation

and enjoyment of your time in these countries.

This book provides you with the ability to

express yourself flexibly, according to your

needs, even if you have never learned Spanish.In this book you will find lots of common questions

and short answers to all questions of information. You

can build sentences with different word combinations

from daily life.

You will also find verb conjugation tables that will

enable you to speak freely in the past, present, andfuture tenses, with approximately 100 useful verbs;

and also be able to build short sentences of your

choice with them.

For example:

We feel... Nos sentimos...very good muy bien

excellent excelente

I felt... Sent...

warm calor

that I am que estoy

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weak dbil

pain... dolor...

in the chest en el pechoThe reader can build sentences from here:

Sent dolor en el pecho.I felt pain in the chest.

Me sent excelente.I felt excellent.

Me sent muy bien.I felt very good.

Sentence structure in Spanish and English are similar.

In the last chapter of the book there are approximately

1000 common expressions in spoken Spanish and

an alphabetical Index that facilitates finding their

translation and the spelling of the word or the

expression in Spanish.

INTRODUCTION

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HOWTOREADIN SPANISHSpanish is not a hard language to read. The letters

are read as they appear (with no silent letters as inEnglish); most of the letters are read as in English. To

pronounce the language correctly it is sufficient to

know the following rules:

THE ALPHABET V OWELS

letter letter

name

pronunciation example

a A a- arrestoe E e- arrestoi I i- comida

o O o- comidau U u- alguna*y I griega i like the sound of the last

letter in the English word

boy, when Y appears at

the end of a word. When it

appears at the beginning

or middle of the word, it

sounds likeyi (in some

places in Argentina and

Uruguay, it sound like sh)

voyyo, ayer

b Be b-c Ce thor s ce, ci

k ca, co,cu, c+consonant

ch ch

Proteccin[proteksion]

pecho[pecho]

d De d

HOWTOREADINSPANISH

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g Ge h (ge,gi)

g (ga, go, gu)gente [hente]gato [gato]

letter letter

name


h Hache The letter is silent,

pronounced just in chHola [ola]

j Jota hstrong Juan [Huan]*ll Elle yi Llave [yiave] Enie ni soft like in New York Nio [ninyo]q Ku k que [ke]

qui [ki]PRONUNCIATION CONSONANTS

letter letter

name


f ,k ,l ,m,

n ,p ,t

Like in

English

f, k,l, m, n, p, t

r Ere r Faro [faro]s Ese s Silla [siia]v Ve v Vuelo [vuelo]z Zeta thor s Zapato [sapato]x Equis cs

jin some wordsMxico - [mehico]

* letters ll, y are pronounced sh in some places inArgentina and Uruguay. For example: key llave iavein Spain; shave in Argentina; I yo io in Spain, sho inArgentina.

In the book you will find a table that explains cases

where the sound in the phonetic expression is different

from English.

HOWTOREADINSPANISH

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The article in English is known as the. In Spanish the

article changes according to the gender and number

of the object.

singular pluralMale el los

Female la las

Indefinite articles a an:

singular pluralMale un unos

Female una unas

When they are used together with de (from) or

a (to) de el becomes del or a el becomes al

(arg.) - Argentina

(pl.) - plural

(pol.) - polite

(s.) - singular(sp.) - Spain

HOWTOREADINSPANISH

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_________USEFULWORDSFORTOURISTS________

EXPRESIONESCOMNESCOMMON EXPRESSIONS

PALABRASYEXPRESIONES

PARAUNPRIMERENCUENTRO

WORDSANDEXPRESSIONSFOR

THEFIRSTMEETING

Hola!Hello!

Adis.Good bye.

Hasta luego.See you later.

S.Yes.No.No.

Por favor.Please.

Gracias.Thank you.

Muchas gracias.Thank you very much.

De nada, por nada.You're welcome.

Hay...There is/are...

No hay...There isn't/there aren't...

Disculpe! Perdone!Excuse me!

Lo siento..I'm sorry.

Habla ingls?Do you speak English?

Entiendo.I understand. No entiendo.I don't understand.

Cunto cuesta?How much does it cost?

Un momento.Just a moment.

Cmo te llamas?What's your name?

Me llamo Daniel.My name is Daniel.

Se puede?Est permitido?

Is that possible?Is that allowed?

c (e,i,) s (e,i) g (e,i) he, hi qui ki j h

c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,

que ke ll y z su,t) u,t)

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Puedo?May I?

Se permite...Is it allowed...

entrar?to come in?pasar?to come in?

salir?to come out?

DndeWhere

est...?is...?

Es aqu...?Is it here...?una farmaciaa drugstore

un cajero automticoautomated teller machine

bancobank

estacin de autobusesbus station

cafcaf

hotelhotel

informacininformation

policapolice

serviciosservices

taxistaxis

telfonotelephonela Cruz Rojathe Red Cross

Deme...Give me...

Mustreme...Show me...

sus documentosyour documents

su pasaporteyour passport

su licencia de conduciryour driver's licensesus boletosyour tickets

Vea por favor.Please look.

Estos son mis documentos.These are my documents.

Cmo ests?;

Cmo te encuentras?

How are you?

How do you feel?

COMMONEXPRESSIONS

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Hola, qu tal te va?Hi, how are you?

Cmo te va?How's everything?

To, cunto tiempo hapasad desde

My, how long it has been.

que no te he visto?.since I've seen you.

Cmo te encuentras?How are you?

HEALTH SALUD

I need a.. Necesito un/una...doctor doctorhospital hospitalemergency room cuarto de emergenciaemergency unit;

the Red Cross

unidad de emergencia

mdica; Cruz Roja

nurse enfermeramedicine medicina

I feel a Siento unpain dolor

I have Tengo un/una...ear odo (oreja)

eyes ojoshand manohead cabezaheart coraznleg piernanails uas

a problem with the problema con el/la...skin piel

COMMONEXPRESSIONS/HEALTH


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stomach estmago

THE POLICE, THE LAW POLICA, LEYI am looking for a Estoy buscando un/una

police officer oficial

lawyer abogado

policeman polica

This is Esto es (un/una)

an arrest arresto

without any reason sin razn alguna

on accusation of... en acusacin de

on suspicion of... en sospecha de...

theft robo

murder asesina

to

law ley

prison crcel / prisin

You have Usteddebe

to contact acudir, aplicar

to call llamar a

to ask solicitarto demand demandar

to get in touch contactar

to know saber

to suspect sospechar

SHOPPING DE COMPRASbathing suit vestido de bao,

traje de baobook (books) libro (libros)

bookshop librera

POLICE,LAW/SHOPPING

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camera cmara

Carrefour carrefour

clothes ropacosmetics cosmticos

cost, price precio

discount descuento

food alimento, comida

hat gorro, gorra, sombrero

jewelry joyeramarket mercado

men's clothes ropa para caballero

movie, film pelcula

newspaper(s) diario, peridico

(diarios, peridicos)photograph, photo fotografa (foto)

presents regalos

rate, tariff, price tarifa

sale oferta, venta

salesman vendedor

saleswoman vendedorasandals sandalias

shop tienda

short pants pantalones cortos

shorts shorts

souvenirs recuerdos, souvenirs

souvenir shop tienda de recuerdos,(tienda de souvenirs)

SHOPPING


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supermarket supermercado

women's clothes ropa para dama

ticket boletofor the movie para la pelcula

for the show para la obra

trip, hike excursin, caminata

in Barcelona en Barcelona

in France en Francia

in Madrid en Madridin Morocco en Marruecos

Is it possible...? Es posible...?

to buy comprarto drink tomar, beber

to eat comer

to pay pagar

to pick out, to choose escoger, elegir

to prefer preferir

to spend time pasar el tiempo,

pasar el rato

PREPOSICIONESY

CONJUNCIONES

PREPOSITIONSAND

CONJUNCTIONS

haythere is

no haythere isn't

por encima de...across

en contra deagainsttras...after...

despusafter

despus de...after the...

despus...afterwards

SHOPPING/PREPOSITIONS

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aunquealthough

y...and...

alrededoraroundalrededor de...around the...

dondewhere

cerca denext to, near to

porquebecause of...

por debajo de...below, under

ademsbesides, in addition toencimabeyond

entrebetween

pero.but

a pesar dedespite

debido a...due to...

excepto,

con excepcin de...

except

an mseven more

aun cuandoeven though

por...for

para, para que, a favor de...fora favor de, para, por...for, to

de, desdefrom

cmohow

siif

frente a...in front of

pese a...in spite ofhacia adentro...into

S


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en...in...

en comparacin con...in comparison to...

dentro de...insideen lugar de...instead of

es decirnamely, that is

al lado de...next to...

nono

sobre...on

al contrario,por el contrario...

on the contrary

por otra parteon the other hand, otherwise

oor

que...that

a travs de...through

a, haciato

hacia...to...

tambintoo, also, as well

a menos que...unless

hasta...until, till

cuando...whenmientras...while

con...with

con ayuda de...with .....'s help

sinwithout

PREGUNTAS QUESTIONSCmo?How?

Cunto?How much? How many?

Qu?What?

Cundo?When?

Dnde?Where?

PREPOSITION/QUESTIONS

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De dnde?Where from?

Hacia dnde?Where ... to?

Cul?Which?Quin?Who?

Por qu?Why?

Por qu no?Why not?

FRASESEXCLAMATIVAS EXCLAMATIONS

Dios mo!My God!

Por favor.Please.

Claro!, Por supuesto!,

En serio!

Of course! Sure! Really!

De verdad?, en serio?Really?

Sin duda!No doubt! Vamos!Come on!

Ojal!Hope so, God willing

Por supuesto!Of course!

Lstima que...,

Es una lstima!

It's a pity!

Ni Dios lo quiera!God forbid it!Ni Dios lo quiera!

Bien, bueno.Good, well.

Muy bien, muy buenoVery good!

Perfecto!, Excelente!Perfect! Excellent!

Excelente, maravilloso,

estupendo!

Excellent, marvellous,

great!Silencio!Silence! Be quiet!

QUESTIONS/EXCLAMATIONS


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PRONOMBRES PRONOUNS

yoI

tyouustedyou (pol.)

lhe

ellashe

nosotroswe

ustedesyou

vosotrosyou (sp.)ellos, ellasthey

meme, myself

teyou, yourself

le, lohim, himself

laher, herself

nosus, ourselves

osyou, yourselves

los, lasthem, themselves

a mito me

a tito you

a lto hima ellato her

a nosotrosto us

a ustedesto you (pl.)

a vosotrosto you (pl.) (sp.)

a ellos, a ellasto them

PRONOMBRES POSESIVOSPOSSESSIVEPRONOUNS

de ...of...

mo, mamine

tuyo, tuyayours

suyo, suyahis

PRONOUNS/POSSESSIVEPRONOUNS

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suyo, suyahers

nuestro, nuestraours

suyo(s), suya(s)theirsWhen the word of appears together with a noun.

For example: passport pasaporte

It form in Spanish changes according to the following table:

pasaporteIt's passport

mi pasaportemy passport

tu..., su (pol.)your... suyour... (pol.)

su...his...

su...her...

nuestro, nuestraour...

su...your...

vuestro, vuestrayour... (sp.)su ..their...

When the noun appears in plural, an s is added, for example:

documentosdocuments

mis documentosmy documents

tus ..your...

sus ..his...sus ..her...

nuestrosour...

sus ..your...

vuestrosyour... (sp.)

sus ..their...

esto, estathis

lo, lait

POSSESSIVEPRONOUNS


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estos, estasthese

haythere is, there are

no haythere is not, there are notaqu esthere it is

PRONOMBRES REFLEXIVOSREFLEXIVEPRONOUNS

para mito/for me

para tito/for you

para tito/for youpara lto/for him

para ellato/for her

para nosotrosto/for us

para ustedesto/for you

para ellos, para ellasto/for them

ADVERBIOSDELUGAR,DIRECCIN

PLACEADVERBS,DIRECTION

alrededoraround

hacia atrsbackwards

abajodownadelanteforwards

desde lejosfrom far away

desde abajofrom the bottom

desde arribafrom the top

de dndefrom where

ms lejos, ms allfurtheraquhere

aqu (a este lugar)here (to this place)

ah, allthere

all (a ese lugar)there (to that place)

arribaup

PRONOUNS/ADVERBS

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ADVERBIOSDETIEMPOTIMEADVERBS

despusafter

siemprealwaysal principioat first

antesbefore

tempranoearly

al finalfinally

finalmente, por finfinally, in the end

para siempreforeverdesde el principiofrom the beginning

inmediatamenteimmediately

finalmentein the end

tardelate

desde hace tiempolong ago, a long time ago

mientras tantomeanwhile

msmore

nuncanever

ahoranow

yanow, immediately

a menudo, seguidooftenrara vezrarely

pocas vecesseldom

recientementerecently

desde entoncessince then

desde cundosince when

a vecessometimesprontosoon

ADVERBS


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repentinamentesuddenly

entoncesthen

hasta cundountil whenurgenteurgent

cundowhen

todava, anyet, still

ADVERBIOS GENERALESY

CONJUNCIONES

GENERAL ADVERBSAND

CONJUNCTIONS

Puede ser, es posible.It's possible.

Podra ser.It could be.

Y qu?And so what?

de otra formaotherwise

no haythere isn't, there aren't

no hay necesidadthere is no need

puedoI can.

exactamenteexactly

de acuerdo a...according to...

por supuestoof course

de prisaquickly completamente, del todocompletely

claramenteclearly

clarosure

realmentereally

podra...could...

lo ms...the most...muchomuch

despus de todoafter all

gratis, gratuitofree, free of charge

buenogood

msmore

ADVERBS

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No es posibleIt's not possible.

juntostogether

aparentementeapparentlyparafor

asthis way

tanso

tan bonitoso beautiful

nadanothing

comolike, aspor supuestoof course

syes

nono

no exactamentenot exactly

no muchonot much

no del todonot completely, not totally

lentoslow

soloalone

totalmentetotally

a pesar dedespite

pese ain spite ofsegn, de acuerdo aaccording to...

en vanoin vain

muchoa lot, much

rpidoquickly

obviamenteobviously

Suficiente!, Basta!Enough!Pocoa little

ADVERBS


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parecido a...like...

Porque, debido abecause, due to

algosomethingporque, debido abecause

correctocorrect

bienright

incorrecto, equivocadoincorrect, wrong

no est biennot good

sin propsito, asnada mascasuallypor lo tantotherefore

menosless

una vezonce

doble, dos vecesdouble, twice

poquitoa little

pocoa bit

muchoslots of

malbad

otra vezagain

nadanothing

NMEROS NUMBERS

uno, unaone (m., f.)

dostwo

tresthree

cuatrofour

cincofiveseissix

sieteseven

ochoeight

nuevenine

diezten

NUMBERS

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onceeleven

docetwelve

trecethirteencatorcefourteen

quincefifteen

diecisissixteen

diecisieteseventeen

dieciochoeighteen

diecinuevenineteenveintetwenty

treintathirty

cuarentaforty

cincuentafifty

sesentasixty

setentaseventy

ochentaeighty

noventaninety

ciena hundred, one hundred

doscientostwo hundred

trescientosthree hundrednovecientosnine hundred

mila thousand, one thousand

dos miltwo thousand

tres milthree thousand............................................................

diezmilten thousandmillna million

NUMBERS


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NMEROSORDINALESORDINALNUMBERS

primero(a)first

segundo(a)secondtercero(a)third

cuarto(a)fourth

quinto(a)fifth

sexto(a)sixth

sptimo(a)seventh

octavo(a)eighthnoveno(a)ninth

dcimo(a)tenth

FRACCIONESFRACTIONS

mitada half

mediohalf

un tercioa third

dos terciostwo thirds

un cuarto, cuartoa quarter, quarter

quintoa fifth

sextoa sixthsptimoa seventh

octavoan eighth

novenoa ninth

dcimoa tenth

un centsimoa hundredth

un milsimoa thousandthquinceavoa fifteenth

tres entre quincethree fifteenths

NUMBERS-FRACTIONS

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_____________QUESTIONS______________

QUIN WHO?(Parientes, profesines)(Relatives, professions)

Quin?Who?

Quin est contigo?Who is with you?

Quin est con nosotros?Who is with us?

Quin dijo?Who said? Quin eres t?Who are you?

Quin es?Who is?

Quin viene?Who is coming?

Quin est a favor?Who is for?

Quin es l, ella?Who is he, she?

Quin se fue?Who's gone?Quin est ah (aqu)?Who is there (here)?

Quin est enfermo,

enferma?

Who is sick? (m.)

(f.)Quin sali?Who's gone out?

Quin habla?Who is speaking?

Quin te espera?Who is waiting for you?Quin prefiere...?Who prefers?

Quin se opone?,

Quin est en contra?

Who opposes?

Who is against?Quin da?Who gives?

Quin se mud?Who has moved?

Quin est cansado,

cansada?

Who is tired? (m.)

(f.)


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Quin vio?Who saw?

Quin quiere beber?,

tomar,

Who wants to drink?

Quin quiere?Who wants?

Quin tiene hambre?Who is hungry?

Quin, aquel quien...?Who, the one that...?

creebelieves

consideraconsiders

exigedemandsterminaends

dagives

sepaknows

escuchalistens

pagapays

se sientasits

se parastands up

comienzastarts

piensathinks

quierewants

es...is...pap, padredad, father

mam, madremom, mother

hijoson

hijadaughter

esposohusband

esposawifeabuelograndfather

abuelagrandmother

oficinistaclerk

doctor (adoctor

conductor(a)driver

WHO

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guaguide

porterojanitor

gerentemanagervecinoneighbor

enfermeranurse

oficialofficer

policapoliceman

carteropostman

vendedor(a)salesmanagente, vendedor(a)salesman

soldado (a)soldier

tcnicotechnician

turistatourist

camarero, garzn;

mesero(a); (arg.) mozo

waiter, waitress

QU WHATUtensilios de cocina.

Alimentos. El cuerpo

humano.

Kitchen utensils. Food. Human

Body

Qu?What?

Qu hay contigo?What about you?

Qu ests viendo?What are you looking at?

Qu lees?,What are you reading?

Qu intentas hacer?What are you trying to do?

Qu escribes?What are you writing?Qu tomaste?What did you have?

WHO/WHAT


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Qu cojist?What did you take?

Qu te importa?What do you care?

Qu sientes?What do you feel?Qu tienes?What do you have?

Qu necesitas para...?What do you need for...?

Qu ves?What do you see?

Qu quieres de mi?What do you want from me?

Qu ha pasado aqu?What happened here?

Qu le pas?What happened to him/her?Qu pas?What happened?

Qu es aqu, all?What is here, there?

Qu hay aqu?What is here?

Qu es?What is it?

Lo que se necesita?What is needed?

Qu es eso?What is that?

Cul es la situacin?What is the matter? What's up?

Qu hora es?What time is it?

Qu va a haber ah?What will be there?

Qu pasa?What's happening?

Qu hay?What's up?Cmo te llamas?What's your name?

es...is...

sillachair

platodish

tenedorfork

vasoglasscuchilloknife

cucharitalittle spoon

tazamug

hornooven

refrigeradorrefrigerator

WHAT

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cucharaspoon

mesatable

A qu est...Here it is...A qu se encuentra...Here is...

A qu hay...Here is...

manzanasapples

panbread

manteca, (arg.)

mantequilla

butter

repollocabbage

zanahoriacarrot

queso

queso blanco

queso amarillo

cheese

white cheese

yellow cheese

galletascookies

pepinoscucumbers

pescadofish

jugo; zumojuice

carnemeat

lechemilk aceiteoil

cebollaonion

naranjasoranges

ciruelasplums

patata, (arg.) papa

batata

potato

sweet potatosalsalt

WHAT(KITCHENUTENSILS, FOOD)


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azcarsugar

tomatetomato

aguawaterQu sientes?What do you feel?

Estoy bien.I'm fine.

No me siento bien.I don't feel well.

Me duele l, la...I have a pain in ....

espaldaback

pechochestorejaear

ojoeye

manohand

cabezahead

coraznheart

rodillaknee

piernaleg

hgadoliver

bocamouth

narznose

palma de la manopalmpielskin

estmagostomach

dientesteeth

gargantathroat

lenguatongue

me duele aquI have a pain here, it hurts here.Aqu no hay nada.There is nothing here.

Aqu hay distintas cosas:There are different things here:

cuaderno con lpicesa notebook with pencils

sillonarmchair

camabed

WHAT(FOOD, THEHUMANBODY)

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libro, librosbook, books

tapetecarpet

armariocupboardlmparalamp

radioradio

alfombrarug

No necesito nada.I don't need anything.

Aqu no pasa nada.Nothing happens here.

Todo est tranquilo.Everything is quiet.Aqu est escrito...Here it is written...

Que soy de...That I am from...

ArgentinaArgentina

AustraliaAustralia

BrasilBrazil

CanadCanada

ChinaChina

InglaterraEngland

FranciaFrance

AlemaniaGermany

IndiaIndiaItaliaItaly

JapnJapan

CoreaKorea

EspaaSpain

Estados UnidosUnited States

Qu escribes?What are you writing?

WHAT


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escribo un, una...I am writing ...

explicacin.an explanation

un artculo para el diario.an article for the newspapercarta.a letter

curriculum vitae.a curriculum vitae

leo un, una ...I am reading...

hoja de explicacinan explanation sheet

aviso(s)advertisement(s)

artculoan articlelibroa book

instrucciones de usoinstructions for use

diario, peridicoa newspaper

cuestionarioa questionnaire

libro de textoa text book

DNDE? WHERE?Dnde es (l, la)...?Where is (the)...?

albergue juvenilyouth hostel

discotecadiscotheque

museomuseumhotelhotel

mapamap

barbar

callestreet

Dnde ests?Where are you?

Dnde estn?Where are you/they?Dnde te encontraste con

ella?

Where did you meet her?

Dnde lo pusiste?Where did you put it?

Dnde lo viste?Where did you see it?

Dnde est?Where is?

WHAT /WHERE

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Dnde est pasando?Where is it happening?

Dnde est?Where is he, she, it?

Dnde es aqu?Where is here?Dnde est sto?Where is this?

Dnde estaba?Where was it?

Dnde va a ser?Where will it be?

Dnde quieres vivir?Where would you like to live?

Dnde est...?Where is...?

papdadmammom

mi hermanomy brother

mi hermanamy sister

mis hijosmy children

Dnde hay;

est (un, una)...?

Where is a...?

bancobank

autobs; (arg.)

mnibus, colectivo

bus

clnicaclinic

cafetera; (arg.) caf

coffee shop guardera infantiledaycare, nursery

dentistadentist

hotelhotel

informacininformation

jardn de nios;

(arg.) jardn de infantes

kindergarten

mercadomarket

WHERE(FAMILY. PLACES)


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mi grupomy group

policapolice

correopost officerestauranterestaurant

colegio; escuelaschool

tienda; (arg.) almacnshop

supermercadosupermarket

el gerentethe manager

la recepcinthe receptionDnde estn...?Where are...?

mis amigosmy friends

mis maletasmy suitcases

las llavesthe keys

ah, es ahthere, is there

aquhere

en alguna partesomewhere

despusafter

alrededoraround

izquierdaleft

derecharightderechostraight

allthere

es en esta direccinthis direction/way

est ..., se encuentra ...is ...

a la vuelta de la esquinaaround the corner

en esa direccinin that direction/wayen el bolsoin the bag

en el dormitorioin the bedroom

en el centro de la ciudadin the city center

en la esquinain the corner

en el armarioin the cupboard

WHERE

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en la callein the streetl est en...He is in/at/on...

de viaje, de paseoa trip, an outingel baobathroomclasesclassla clnicaclinicsu cuartohis roomel autobs; (arg.) omnibsthe bus

el hotelthe hotella cocinathe kitchenla oficinathe officela tiendathe shopla duchathe showerel trabajowork

Lo puse en...I put it ...en el bolsoin the bagen el rincnin the cornerdentro del armarioin the cupboardsobre la sillaon the chair

sobre la mesaon the table sobre la televisinon the TV setdebajo de la mesaunder the table

Lo vi...I saw him/it...cercacloselejosfar

sobre esta misma callein this same streeta dos estaciones de aqutwo stations from here

WHERE


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En ese edificioin that building

No s, pregntale a otra

pesona.

I don't know, ask another

person.Yo quiero quedarme...I want to stay...

en el ... hotelin the ... hotel

baratocheap

caroexpensive

precio razonablereasonable price

en el centro del pasin the center of the countryen Madridin Madrid

quiero visitar...I want to visit...

A dnde?, Hacia dnde?Where? Where to?

A...To

BarcelonaBarcelona

CataluaCatalonia

De CompostelaDe Compostela

El EscorialEl Escorial

GaliciaGalicia

MadridMadridMallorcaMallorca

SantiagoSantiago

ToledoToledo

VigoVigo

A dnde vas?Where are you going?

A dnde va l?Where is he going?A dnde necesitas ir?Where do you need to go?

A dnde te propones ir?Where are you willing to go?

A dnde viaja este

autobs?

Where is this bus travelling to?

WHERE

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A dnde se fue?Where has he gone?

hacia allthat way

hacia..., a...to...arribaup

abajodown

al...to the...

bancobank

autobsbus

centrocenterclnicaclinic

dentistadentist

doctordoctor

hospitalhospital

pelcula,cinemovie

oficinaoffice

correopost office

parientesrelatives

restauranterestaurant

baosrestrooms

marseataxitaxi

trabajowork

a la ciudadto the city

de viaje, de paseoon a trip, outing

al extranjeroabroad

al hotelto the hotelde comprasshopping

WHERE


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DEDNDEWhere fromDe dnde eresWhere are you from?

De dnde es?Where is he, she, it from?De dnde...?Where ... from?

De dnde...?Where do you ... from?

sabesknow

vienescome

viajastravel

vasgolo cogiste, tomastedid you take it

lo escuchastehave you heard

De dnde s?Where is he, she, it from?

De dnde vienen...?Where do they come from?

esas noticiasthis news

esos miedosthose fears

esos rumoresthose rumors

de ahfrom there

de aqufrom here

De...From...

BarcelonaBarcelonaBrasilBrazil

Buenos AiresBuenos Aires

MadridMadrid

MxicoMexico

hotelhotel

recepcionistareceptionisttiendastore

el bancothe bank

maestroteacher

de mifrom me

de tifrom you

WHEREFROM

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de lfrom him

de ellafrom her

de nosotrosfrom usde ustedes; de vosotrosfrom you

de ellosfrom them

de todo estofrom all this

CUNDO

TIEMPO

WHEN

TIME

(tiempo, horas, eventos)(time, hours, events)

Cundo?When?

Cundo pas?When did it happen?

Cundo ser...?When will it be?

Cundo habr...?When will there be...?descanso, recreobreak

desayunobreakfast

clase, leccinclass, lesson

conciertoconcert

merienda, cenadinner

juegogamecomida, almuerzolunch

junta, reuninmeeting

sueldo, salariosalary

presentacin, obrashow

viaje, paseotrip, outing

transmisin de televisintelevision broadcast

Cundo regresas, vuelves?When are you coming back?

WHEREFROM/WHEN


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Cundo vienen?When are they coming?

Cundo se fue...?When did he leave...?

a clasefor classa la escuela, colegiofor school

al doctorfor the doctor

a la oficinafor the office

al marfor the sea

a la tiendafor the shop

Cundo lo/la recibirs?When will you get it?Cundo lo quieres hacer?When do you want to do it?

Cundo tienes tiempo?When do you have time?

Cundo nos encontramos,

reunimos?

When are we meeting?

Cundo termina?When will it end?

la prxima semananext week

el sbado en la tardeSaturday afternoon

el sbado en la nocheSaturday nightel domingoSunday

Cundo...?When...?

ests libreare you free puedo ir a donde estscan I go where you are

abredoes it open

se abreis it open

abre la tiendadoes the shop open

abrendo they open

de cualquiermodoanywayCundo nos

encontramos?

When are we meeting?

hoytoday

maanatomorrow

ayeryesterday

WHEN(TIME)

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antenochethe night before yesterday

anteayerthe day before yesterday

por la maanain the morningpor la tardein the afternoon

en el daduring the day

por la nocheat night

a la unaat one o'clock

a las dos, tresat two, three

a las cuatroat foura las cincoat five

a las seisat six

a las sieteat seven

a las ochoat eight

a las nueveat nine

a las diezat ten

a las onceat eleven

a las doceat twelve

a las seis y mediaat half past six

a las seis y cuartoat a quarter past six

a las seis menos cuartoat a quarter to sixa las seis y diezat ten past six

a las seis cuarentaat six forty

a las seis cincuentaat six fifty

justo a tiempo,

justo a la hora, puntual

just in time,

just on time, punctual

tempranoearlytardelate

WHEN(DAYSOFTHEWEEK)


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cuandowhen

antes...before

despus, despus de...after, after theen...in

un daone day

dos dastwo days

tres dasthree days

cuatro dasfour days

cinco dasfive daysseis dassix days

una semanaa week

dos semanastwo weeks

tres semanasthree weeks

un aoa year

dos aostwo years

el...on...

DomingoSunday

LunesMonday

MartesTuesday

MircolesWednesdayJuevesThursday

ViernesFriday

SbadoSaturday

despus...after...

despus de...after the...

en otra ocasinsome other timeantes...before...

antes del medio dabefore noon

en un ratoin a while, soon

alguna vezsometime

ninguna vezanytime

WHEN

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nuncanever

hastauntil

hasta la nocheuntil nightNunca estuve...I have never before been...

No tengo tiempo.I have no time.

CUNTO?HOWMUCH? HOWMANY?(edades)(ages)

Qu tan largo?How long?Cunta gente hubo?How many people were there?

Cuntas veces?How many times?

Cuntas veces tengo que

repetir?

How many times do I have to

repeat?Cunto cogiste, tomaste?How much did you have?

Cunto recibiste?How much did you get?

Cunto tengo que

esperar?

How much do I have to wait?

Cunto dan?How much do they give?

Cunto necesitas?How much do you need?

Cunto quieres?How much do you want?Cunto cuesta?How much does it cost?

Cunto pesa?How much does it weigh?

Cunto es en total?How much is it in total?

Cunto es?How much is it?

Cunto va a ser?How much will it be?

Cuntos aos tienes?How old are you?

WHEN/HOWMUCH


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Yo tengo... T tienes...I am... you are...

t tienes... ella tieneyou are... she is...

un aoa year olddos aostwo years old

tres aosthree years old

cuatro aosfour years old

cinco aosfive years old

seis aossix years old

siete aosseven years oldocho aoseight years old

nueve aosnine years old

diezaosten years old

once aoseleven years old

doce aostwelve years old

trece aosthirteen years old

catorce aosfourteen years old

quince aosfifteen years old

diecisis aossixteen years old

diecisiete aosseventeen years old

dieciocho aoseighteen years olddiecinueve aosnineteen years old

veinte aostwenty years old

treinta aosthirty years old

cuarenta aosforty years old

cincuenta aosfifty years old

sesenta aossixty years oldsetenta aosseventy years old

ochenta aoseighty years old

noventa aosninety years old

cienaosa hundred years old

HOWMUCH, HOWOLD

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Cunto hay que dar?How much is it necessary to

give?

un poco, un poquitoa bit, a littleCunto se necesita?How much is needed?

otro pocoa little more

Una cantidad

determinada

a specific amount

Un nmero determinadoa specific number

Est caro.It's expensive.Est...It is...

baratocheap

muy baratovery cheap

suficienteenough

un nmero grandea large number

un nmero pequeoa small number

nmero denumber of

muchoa lot

muchomuch

demasiadotoo much

msmore ms quemore than

muya very

muy pocovery little

un poquitoa little bit

en un momentoin a moment

menoslessmenos de...less than...

HOW(HOWOLD)


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CMO HOW

definiciones de forma y

situacin

Shape and situation

definitionsCmo?How?

Cmo estn las cosas?,

Qu onda?

How are things going?

Cmo ests?How are you?

Cmo va?How are things?

Cmo es que pas?How did it happen?Cmo te sientes?How do you feel?

Cmo se dice?How do you say?

Cmo se ve?How does it look?

Cmo se hace esto?How does one do this?

Cmo se llega a...?How does one get to...?

Cmo va la cosa?;

Cmo va todo?

How is everything going?

Qu tal est?How is he, she, it?

Cmo se debe entender

sto?

How should this be

understood?

Cmo estuvo?How was it? No hay nada que hacer.There is nothing to do.

Seguro.Sure.

Est bien, OK.It's good, ok.

Todo est bien.Everything is ok.

soloalone

como sias ifmalobad

asquerosodisgusting

excelenteexcellent

porfor

no tanto, no tannot so

HOW

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terribleterriblebuenowell

con algunas dudaswith some doubtssin interrupcinwithout interruptionCmo haces eso, esto?How do you do that, this?

abiertamenteopenlyen secretoin secretcon la ayuda de Dioswith God's help

pblicamentepubliclyGracias a Dios,

Bendito sea DiosThank God,

May God be blessedmuy bienvery wellms o menos; as-asmore or lesssin dudano doubtde vez en cuandoonce in a whilea vecessometimesseguidooftenmuy...very....muchomuch

maravillosomarvelous pasivopassivehasta el finuntil the endmuy malvery bad

Yo hago esto as.I do this this way.Cmo es l, ella?How is he, she?

l se ve...He looks...

HOW


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Ella se ve...She looks ...

grandebig

amplio, ampliabig, broadfresco, frescacool

saludablehealthy

pequeo, pequealittle, small

angosto, angostanarrow

viejo, viejaold

anciano, ancianaold, elderlypobrepoor

rico, ricarich

bajo, bajashort

enfermo, enfermasick

alto, altatall

cansado, cansadatired

jovenyoung

Cmo ests?How are you?

Estoy bien.I'm fine.

CUL, QUWHICH, WHAT COLORES, GUSTOSCOLORS, FLAVORSCul?Which? What?

Cules?Which? (pl.)

Qu tipo de...?What kind of...?

como este, esta, aslike this

algn, algunathat somedel tipo que...the kind

del tipo que si...the kind that if...

del tipo que cuando...the kind that when...

del tipo que no querrasthe kind you wouldn't

HOW

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Qu tipo...?What kind...?

de persona esof person is he/she ?

de trabajador esof worker is?Qu sabor?What flavor?

Qu clase?What kind?

Qu tipo?What type?

Qu sabor tiene?What flavor is it?

Qu...?What...?

amplitudamplitudeprofundidaddepth

distanciadistance

alturaheight

hotelhotel

largolength

lugarplace

precioprice

habitacin; (arg.) cuartoroom

pesoweight

Qu color?What color?

negro, negrablackazulblue

caf; (arg.) marrnbrown

grisgray

verdegreen

anaranjado, anaranjadaorange

rojo, rojaredblanco, blancawhite

WHAT


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amarillo, amarillayellow

gustosflavors

gordo, gordafatfresco, frescafresh

instantneo, instantneainstant

naturalnatural

salado, saladasalty

agrio, agriasour

picoso, picosa;(arg.) picante

spicy

descompuesto,

descompuesta

stale

dulcesweet

sabroso, sabrosatasty

ATRIBUTOSADJECTIVES

arrogantearrogant

malo, malabad

valientebrave

cuidadoso, cuidadosacareful descuidado, descuidadacareless

presumido, presumidaconceited

decepcionado,

decepcionada

disappointed

externo, externaexternal

bueno, buenagoodrpido (a), gil, alertafast, quick, alert

pesado, pesadaheavy

inteligenteintelligent

interno, internainternal

liviano, livianalight

WHAT(COLORS)

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largo, largalong

modesto, modestamodest

religioso, religiosareligiousrudo, rudarude

laico, laicasecular

bajo, bajashort

corto, cortashort

lento, lentaslow

fuertestrongestpidostupid

alto, altatall

ordenado, ordenadatidy

valioso, valiosavaluable

dbilweak

PORQU? WHY?Por qu?Why?

Por qu es as?Why is it this way?

Por qu...?Why...?

a mito mea tito you

a lto him

a ellato her

a nosotrosto us

a ustedesto you

a ellosto themPor qu no?Why not?

WHY


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Por qu as?Why this way?

Por qu ests enojado

(nervioso)?

Why are you angry

(nervous)?Por qu ests

emocionado?

Why are you excited/

touchy?Por qu ests aqu?Why are you here?

Por qu me dices?Why are you telling me?

Por qu no escuchas?Why aren't you listening?

Por qu no tienes...?Why don't you have...?Por qu pas eso?Why did it happen?

Por qu es, est...?Why is...?

Por qu...?Why...?

est obscurois it dark

est calienteis it hot

es peligrosois it dangerous

est frois it cold

est hmedois it wet

no est aquaren't you here

tu dicesdo you say

no dicesdon't you say tu quieresdo you want

nosotros necesitamosdo we need

no hacen nadadon't you do anything

no escuchan nadadon't you listen

no se tiene una respuestadoesn't he/she have

an answerno hay nadiethere is no one

Por qu est prohibido?Why is it forbidden?

Todo debido a...Everything is due to...

porque...because...

debido a...due to

WHY

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por mi; por mi causabecause of me

por ti; por tu causabecause of you

por l; por su causabecause of himpor ella; por su causabecause of her

por nosotros;

por nuestar causa

because of us

por ustedes, vosotros;

por vuestra causa

because of you (pl.)

por ellos; por causa de ellosbecause of themEsto es para...This is for...

mime

tiyou

lhim

ellaher

nosotrosus

ustedes, vosotrosyou (pl.) (pol.)

ellosthem

Estoy aqu porque...I am here because...

Estoy emocionado por...I am excited because...

Me enoja que...It makes me angry that... Para mi est bien aqu.It is good for me here.

parafor

con el objetivo, con

propsito de

in order to

es por...it is because

se debe a...it is due toporque no tengobecause I haven't got

WHY-BECAUSE


c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,



c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,


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por..., porque...because...

ahora es de nocheit is night now

no hay luzthere is no lightpor...because of

el polvothe dust

la lluviathe rain

el marthe sea

el veranothe summer

el solthe sunel viento caliente

(del desierto)

the warm wind

(of the desert)el climathe weather

el vientothe wind

el inviernothe winter

porque...because...

nadie vieneno-one is coming

todos salieroneveryone is out

todos estn ocupadoseveryone is busy

no es interesanteit is not interesting

porque...because of ...el ruidothe noise

tengo miedoI am scared

a nadie le importano one cares

WHAT(COLORS, TASTES)

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______________VERBS_______________

INTRODUCTIONTO VERBS

In Spanish, as in other European languages, thereare 3 principal tenses: past, present and future, and

additional verb forms.

Verbs are divided into three groups. They can be

identified by the ending of the original verb:first conjugation group ending with -ar, forexample: hablar / to talksecond conjugation group ending with er, forexample: comer / to eatthird conjugation group ending with ir, forexample: vivir / to live

Every ending changes according to gender, number

and tense of the verb. (See tables in following pages).

IMPERATIVE

The imperative changes from single to plural and it is

the same for male and female.

For example,

Talk! Habla!, Hablen!Reflective verbs, when an action is applied to the

action performer. The reflexive pronouns come before

the verb except in the imperative and infinitive forms.

In these cases we put them after the verb, forming a

single word.For example:

to dress vestir se

to dress myself to get dressed vestir me

I dress myself. Me visto.

Dress yourself. Vste te.

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INTRODUCTIONTOVERBS

PERSONSINGULAR PLURAL

1 to me me to us nos

2 to you te to you los/las3 to him lo to them los, lasto her la

I dress myself Yo me vistoI dress you Yo te vistoI dress him Yo lo visto

I dress her Yo la vistoI dress us Yo nos vistoI dress them Yo los vistoShe dresses me Ella me visteShe dresses you Ella te viste

She dresses us Ellanos

visteExample of the person doing the action

I dress myself Yo me vistoYou dress yourself T te vistesHe dresses himself l se viste

She dresses herself Ellase

visteWe dress ourselves Nosotros nos vestimosYou dress yourselves Ustedes se vistenYou dress yourselves Vosotros os visteis

They dress themselves Ellos, Ellas se visten

As the end of the verb defines the person, it is possible

to omit the pronoun.For example: t te vistescan be said te vistes.

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INTRODUCTIONTOVERBS

REFLEXIVEVERBSReflexive verbs have the suffix se that is added to the

infinitive form. For example:to clean lavar; to clean oneself lavarse

or: to dress vestir; to dress oneself vestirse.In reflexive verbs the base form of the verb is usually

used.

For example:

She is going to dress herself Ella va a vestirse

In Spanish there is another group of verbs that uses the

reflexive verb form. When a certain object produces a

certain effect or feeling or preference on one person:

I like it me gusta eso

it hurts me me dueleI am interested in you Me interesas t.

Etc.

THE VERB TO BE SER AND ESTAR.

In Spanish there are two different verbs for the verb to

be: Ser and estar. They are used in different situations.

Uses of the verb ser: (see page 81)

* we use the verb ser, when there is a noun after the

verb:

this is an exam es un e xamen

* we use the verb ser together with an adjective to

denote a situation or an existing quality as ownership,origin or quality.

I am Israeli Yo soy Israel

The house is owned by Eli La casa es de Eli

The cake is a chocolate cake El pas tel es de

chocolate

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She is pretty Ella es bonita

* to indicate time and date:

Tomorrow is Friday Ma ana es Viernes* as the answer to questions like: who, what, where

from, and to indicate place and event

The uses of the verb estar (see page 79).

* to describe presence in a place or in a certain

situation.

The dog is in the garden El perro est en el

jardn

* together with an adjective to indicate a temporal

quality or situation.

The child is sick (now) El nio est enfermo

How are you? Cmo estn ustedes?

Here, as in other similar cases, the verb form indicates

the person's name. Then the person's name can be

omitted.

* estar is used together with the gerund as in English,the verb to be comes before the "-ing" form.

We are learning a lot Es tamos aprendiendo mucho

* with certain adjectives both verbs can be used.

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GERUND GERUNDIO

PRESENTPROGRESSIVE ING

I am eating Esto y comiendoWe are eating Es tamos comiendo

First conjugation group verbs, the suffix "ar" becomes

"ando"

to talk hab lar

they are talking es tn hablando

I am talking es toy hablando

Second conjugation group verbs, the suffix "er"

becomes "iendo"

they are eating estn comi endo

I am eating est oy comiendo

Third conjugation group verbs, the suffix "ir" becomes"iendo"

they are living estn vivi endo

I am living estoy vivi endo

Unlike English, in Spanish the gerund is not used as an

action name.

THEAUXILIARYVERB HABER TOHAVE.

Is used like the perfect forms in English.

Haber + de or que imperative form

Impersonal "haber (hay) + que" is used to indicate an

obligationhas de saber que... you have to know that

hay que saber que... ___ has to be known

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THE VERB " TO HAVE" "HABER" (ASANAUXILIARYVERB)

present

perfect

conditional future

perfectI Yo he hubiera habrYou T has hubieras habrsYou(polite)

Usted ha; hay hubiera habr

He, she l, Ella ha; hay hubiera habrWe Nosotros hemos hubiramosYou (sp.) Vosotros habeis habierais habrisYou

TheyUstedesEllos, Ellas

hanhan

hubieranhubieran

habrnhabrn

Will there be...? habr...?

time tiempohelp ayuda

The most useful form of haber is "hay"

There is... Hay...

a lot to do mucho que hacer

a hotel un hotela restaurant un restaurante

a bank un banco

a policeman un polica

something to eat que comer

a bus un autobs/micro.../camin/carro

to the airport al aeropuertoto Madrid a Madrid

to Barcelona a Barcelona

to the train al tren

to the train station a la estacin de tren

INTRODUCTIONTOVERBS

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hay indicates approval or denial.

yes s Yes, there is S hayno noNo, there is not No hayYou are welcome No hay de que

SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECTI have spoken Yo he hablado or he habladoYou have spoken Tu has hablado or has hablado

They have

spoken

Ellos han hablado or han hablado

VERBCONJUGATIONSACCORDINGTOPERSONASPRESENTEDINTHISBOOK

The conjugation rules are indicated in the following

table. The conjugation of all verbs is presented for all

persons and tenses. The symbol (*) on the person and

verb indicates that the reader can choose among thedifferent forms according to his/her own desire and

place it in the sentence.


c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,



c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,


INTRODUCTIONTOVERBS

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TIEMPO TIME

IMPERFECTO

PRESENTE

PRONOMBRES

xxxx-

ir

xxxx-

er

xxxx-

ar

xxxx-

ir

xxxx-

er

xxxx-

ar

verbs

group

xxxx-

ia

xxxx-

ia

xxxx-

aba

xxx-oxxx-oxxx-oYo

xxxx-

ias

xxxx-

ias

xxxx-

abas

xxx-

es

xxx-

es

xxx-

as

T

xxxx-

ia

xxxx-

ia

xxxx-

aba

xxx-exxx-exxx-aUsted

El (Ella)

xxxx-

iamos

xxxx-

iamos

xxxx-

abamos

xxx-

imos

xxx-

emos

xxx-

amos

Nosotros

xxxx-

iais

xxxx-

iais

xxxx-

abais

xxx-

s

xxx-

is

xxx-

is

Vosotros

(as)

xxxx-

ian

xxxx-

ian

xxxx-

aban

xxx-

en

xxx-

en

xxx-

an

Ustedes

Ellos (Ellas)

* The imperfect tense is used for actions that are

ongoing and repetitive. For example:

I used to walk daily Yo caminaba cadada.

The imperfect tense is also useful for expressing

emotions: Juan was sick Juan estaba enfermo.

It is useful with expressions like:

often a menudo;

sometimes a veces;

from time to time de vez en cuando;usually generalmente;

for a short time por un rato;

always siempre, etc.

INTRODUCTIONTOVERBS

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TIEMPO TIME

PRONOUNSFUTUROPASADO

verbs

group

xxxx-

ir

xxxx-

er

xxxx-

ar

xxxx-

ir

xxxx-

er

xxxx-

ar

Ixxxxx-

xxxxx-

xxxxx-

xxx-

xxx-

xxx-

*youxxxxx-

s

xxxxx-

s

xxxxx-

s

xxx-

iste

xxx-

iste

xxx-

aste

you, he,

she

xxxxx-

xxxxx-

xxxxx-

xxx-

i

xxx-

i

xxx-

wexxxxx-

emos

xxxxx-

emos

xxxxx-

emos

xxx-

imos

xxx-

imos

xxx-

amos

you (pl.)xxxxx-

is

xxxxx-

is

xxxxx-

is

xxx

isteis

xxx

isteis

xxx-

asteis

theyxxxxx-

n

xxxxx-

n

xxxxx-

n

xxx-

ieron

xxx-

ieron

xxx

aron

* Note! The form of the 3rd person verb is also used

for the second person, mainly with the use of the

pronoun usted in the singular and ustedes in the

plural. Usted in the singular is a more formal than

the use oft. Use tu with a friend and usted with a

stranger.


c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,



c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,


INTRODUCTIONTOVERBS

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TO AGREE ACORDAR

futurepastpresentacordaracordacuerdoYoI

acordarsacordasteacuerdasTYouacordaracordar

acordacord

acuerdaacuerda

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

acordaremosacordamosacordamosNosotrosWeacordarisacordasteisacordisVosotrosYou (sp.)acordarnacordarn

acordaronacordaron

acuerdanacuerdan

UstedesEllos (Ellas)

YouThey

Est de acuerdo!Agree!Estn de acuerdo!Agree! (pl.)

Ests de acuerdo?Do you agree?

No estoy de acuerdo!I don't agree!No acuerdes...Don't agree...

conmigowith mecontigowith youcon lwith him

con ellawith her

con nosotroswith uscon ustedes, (sp.) vosotroswith youcon elloswith them

acordado...agreed...

entre nosotrosbetween usentre ustedesbetween you

entre ellosbetween themacuerdoagreement


c{(a,o, k{(a,o, que ke ll y z su,t) u,t)


c{(a,o, k{ (a,o, que ke ll y z su,t) u,t)

TOAGREE

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TOANSWER

TO ANSWER CONTESTAR(WAYSTOANSWER) (FORMASDEDARRESPUESTAS)

present past futureYo contesto contest contestar

T contestas contestaste contestars

Usted

l (Ella)

contesta

contesta

contest

contest

contestar

contestar

Nosotros contestamos contestamos contestaremos

Vosotros contestis contestasteis contestarisUstedes

Ellos (Ellas)

contestan

contestan

contestaron

contestaron

contestarn

contestarn

Contesta!Answer!

Contesten!Answer! (pl.)

contestar...to answer... a la preguntaquestion

por casualidadcasually

correctamentecorrectly

en clavein code

en otras palabrasin other words

incorrectamenteincorrectlyindirectamenteindirectly

a propsito, intencionalmenteintentionally

de manera imprecisaimprecisely

de manera impulsivaimpulsively

de manera precisaprecisely

rpidamentequicklylentamenteslowly

derechostraight

una respuestaan answer

contestacin, contestaanswer

una preguntaa question

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TOASK

TO ASK PREGUNTAR

present past future

Yo pregunto pregunt preguntarT preguntas preguntaste preguntarsUstedl (Ella)

preguntapregunta

preguntpregunt

preguntarpreguntar

Nosotros preguntamos preguntamos preguntaremosVosotros preguntis preguntasteis preguntaris


preguntanpreguntan

preguntaronpreguntaron

preguntarnpreguntarn

Pregunta!Ask!

Pregunten!Ask! (pl.)

Ests preguntando algo?Are you asking something?

Qu ests preguntando?What are you asking?

Sobre qu ests

preguntando?

What are you asking about?

Cul es la pregunta?What's the question?

Quiero preguntar...I want to ask...

Cmo?How?

En qu?In what?

Qu?What?

Cundo?When?

Dnde?Where?

Cul?Which?

Quin?Who?

Por qu?Why? Con quin?With whom?





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preguntaquestiontu, su preguntayour question

en relacin a tu,su pregunta

as for your question

deseo, solicitudwishcuestionarioquestionnairesigno de interrogacinquestion mark

TO ASK, TO DEMAND SOLICITAR

present past futureI Yo solicito solicit solicitarYou T solicitas solicitaste solicitarsYou (pol.)

He, She

Usted

l (Ella)

solicita

solicita

solicit

solicit

solicitar

solicitarWe Nosotros solicitamos solicitamos solicitaremosYou (sp.) Vosotros solicitis solicitasteis solicitarisYou

TheyUstedesEllos (Ellas)

solicitansolicitan

solicitaronsolicitaron

solicitarnsolicitarn

Solicita!Ask!Soliciten!Ask! (pl.)Yo solicito...I ask for...

comida, alimentofoodun piso,

un departamento

an apartment

plata, dineromoney ayudahelpuna reunina meetingun doctor; un mdicoa doctorsalir tempranoto go out early

solicitadopopular

TOASK, TODEMAND

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solicitudpetition, formpor favorplease

demandademand

TO BE ESTAR(ING) (GERUNDIO )

futurepastpresent

estarestuveestoyYoI estarsestuvisteestsTYouestarestar

estuvoestuvo

estest

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

estaremosestuvimosestamosNosotrosWeestarisestuvisteisestisVosotrosYou (sp.)estarnestarn

estuvieronestuvieron

estnestn


YouThey

Est!Be!Estn!Be! (pl.)estuvo...it was...

malobadfrocoldcorrectocorrect, rightfcileasypeligrosodangerousoscuredarkdesagradabledisgustingbuenogooddifcilhard





TOBE

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TOBE

asquerosouglyest...it is...

bonitobeautifulbiengoodcontento, contentahappy, gladcalientehoten el pasadoin the pastrarorare, strange

tristesadsensiblesensitiveserio, seria, graveserioussuavesoftmuy...very...interesanteinteresting

estuvo conectado con...it, he, she was in contact with..estanciaranchestadastayNo estuvo bien;

no est en orden

It wasn't right,

it is not in order.

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TO BE SER(MOOD, WEATHER, TIME, EVENTS) (ESTADODENIMO, CLIMA, TIEMPO, EVENTOS)

futurepastpresentsererasoyYoIserseraseresTYouserser

eraera

eses

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

seremosramossomosNosotrosWe

seriseraissoisVosotrosYou (sp.)sernsern

eraneran

sonson


YouThey

Se!Be!Sean!Be! (pl.)

Es...It is...de tardeafternoonmalobadbonitobeautifulfrocoldcorrectocorrect, right

oscuredarkde dadaypeligrosodangeroustempranoearlyfcileasybuenogood

difcilhardtardelate

TOBE





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de maanamorningde nochenight

mediodanoon pavoroso; de miedo,temeroso

scary

desagradable, asquerosougly, disgustingincorrectowrong

Eso, Esto, l, Ella, Es...It, he, she is...

atractivo (a)attractivelindo(a);bonito(a), guapo(a)

beautiful

cerrado, cerradaclosedprofundo, profundadeepdesagradabledisgusting

suficienteno suficiente

enoughnot enough

emocionanteexcitinggeneroso, generosageneroustacao, tacaagreedydichoso, dichosahappy

fiesta, festividadholidayen vanoin vaindesvergonzado(a),

insolente(a)insolent, shameless

miserablemiserablemodesto, modestamodesttravieso, traviesanaughtysimptico, simptica,

agradablenice

abierto (a)opencorts (a)politeprctico, prcticapractical

TOBE

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TOBE

raro (a)rarerespetuoso (a)respectful

grosero; ordinario; rudorudeserio, seriaseriousextrao (a)strangeterco, tercastubbornsuperficialsuperficialdemasiadotoo much

asqueroso (a)uglydesafortunado (a)unluckyinnecesario, intiluseless

Esto es...This is...una reunin (importante)a meeting (important)un errora mistake

un problemaa problemuna enfermedadseriaa serious diseaseuna reaccin extraaa strange reactionuna guerraa warun examen, una pruebaan exam, a testfelicidadhappiness

odiohateser humanohuman being

siendo que...being that...fue sentidoit was feltHubo en el pasado.It was in the past.habr en el futurowill be in the future

Dependa de...It depended on...Qu es eso?What is that?


c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,



c{(a,o,

k{(a,o,


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TO BE ABLE, CAN PODER(ACTIVITIES) (ACTIVIDADES)

futurepastpresentpodrpudepuedoYoIpodrspudistepuedesTYoupodrpodr

pudopudo

puedepuede

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

podremospudimospodemosNosotrosWe

podrispudisteispodisVosotrosYou (sp.)podrnpodrn

pudieronpudieron

puedenpueden


YouThey

Puede!Be able!

Puedan!Be able! (pl.)

puede, puedo...I , he, she can...contestaranswer

preguntarask

hacerdo

irgo

pagarpay

entender, comprenderunderstandno puede serit can't be

tienehe, she, has

capacidadskills

poderpower

potenciastrength

TOBEABLE, CAN

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TOBEAFRAID

TO BE AFRAID TEMER(FEARS) (MIEDOS)

futurepastpresenttemertemtemoYoItemerstemistetemesTYoutemertemer

temitemi

temeteme

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

temeremostemimostememosNosotrosWe

temeristemisteistemisVosotrosYou (sp.)temerntemern

temierontemieron

tementemen


YouThey

No temas!Don't be afraid!No teman!Don't be afraid! (pl.)

temorfeartemerosoafraid, frightened





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TO BE GLAD, HAPPY ESTAR CONTENTO, FELZpresent past future

Yo estoy contento,feliz

estuvecontento,feliz

estar contento,feliz

T ests contento,feliz

estuvistecontento,feliz

estars contento,feliz

Ustedl (Ella)

est contento,feliz

estuvocontento,feliz

estar contento,feliz

Nosotros estamoscontentos,felices

estuvimoscontentos,felices

estaremoscontentos,felices

Vosotros estuvisteiscontentos,felices

estiscontentos,felices

estariscontentos,felices


estn contentos,felices

estuvieroncontentos,felices

estarn

contentos,felices

Est contento!Be happy!Estn contentos!Be happy! (pl.)Estoy contento, feliz...I am glad, happy

de conocerteto meet you, to know youde estar aquto be here

de visitar Espaato visit Spain en MadridMadridestar contento, felizto be glad, happy

muy contento, felizvery glad, happyen vanoin vainjuntostogether

TOBEGLAD,HAPPY

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TOBEINPAIN

con todo su coraznwith all his heartbuenas noticiasgood news

felicidadhappinesscon gustowith pleasure

TO BE IN PAIN DOLER

futurepastpresent

me dolerme dolime dueleYoIte dolerte dolite dueleTYoute dolerle doler

te dolile doli

te duelele duele

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

nos dolernos dolinos dueleNosotrosWeos doleros dolios dueleVosotrosYou (sp.)

les dolerles doler

les doliles doli

les dueleles duele


YouThey

dolorpaindolenciaillnessduelehurtsTe, le duele?Does it hurt you?Te, le duele aqu?Does it hurt you here?





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TO BE LATE ATRASARSE

present past future

Yo me retraso me retras me retrasarT te retrasas te retrasaste te retrasars

Usted

l (Ella)

se retrasa

se retrasa

se retras

se retras

se retrasar

se retrasar

Nosotros nos

retrasamos

nos

retrasamos

nos

retrasaremos

Vosotros os retrasis os retrasasteis os retrasarisUstedes

Ellos (Ellas)

se retrasan

se retrasan

se retrasaron

se retrasaron

se retrasarn

se retrasarn

Retrsate!Be late!Retrsense!Be late! (pl.)

retrasarse...to be late...al autobsthe busa la reuninfor the meetingal avinfor the planeal trenfor the trainpor unos minutosfor a few minutes

El avin est retrasado.The plane is delayed.retrasodelayretrasadodelayed

TOBELATE

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TOBESCARED

TO BE SCARED (FEARS) TENER MIEDO

present past future

Yo tengo miedo tuve miedo tendr miedoT tienes miedo tuviste miedo tendrs miedoUstedl (Ella)

tiene miedotiene miedo

tuvo miedotuvo miedo

tendr miedotendr miedo

Nosotros tenemos miedotuvimos miedotendremos miedoVosotros tenis miedo tuvisteis miedotendris miedo

UstedesEllos(Ellas)

tienenmiedo

tuvieronmiedo

tendrn miedo

No tengas miedo!Don't be afraid!No tengan miedo!Don't be afraid! (pl.)

de...of...que...that...

la situacinthe situationtengo miedo, me da miedo...I'm afraid of, I'm scared of..

manejardrivingvolarflying

nadar en el marswimming in the seaque ella...that she...

no vengadid not comeno entienda, no comprendadid not understandno quieradid not want

temor, miedofear





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TO BRING TRAER

present past future

I Yo traigo traje traerYou T traes tragiste traersYou (pol.)He, She

Ustedl (Ella)

traetrae

trajotrajo

traertraer

We Nosotros traemos tragimos traeremosYou (sp.) Vosotros traes tragisteis traeris

YouThey


traentraen

trajerontrajeron

traerntraern

Trae!Bring!Traigan!Bring! (pl.)Por favor trame un regalo.Please bring me a present.

No traigas nada.Don't bring anything.tradobroughtun peridicoa newspaperun libroa booktiquetes, entradasticketsprofetaprofit

TOBRING

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TO BUY COMPRAR

(PERSONALITEMS, FOOD, CLOTHES) (OBJETOSPERSONALES, COMIDA, ROPA)

present past futureYo compro compr comprar

T compras compraste comprarsUstedl (Ella)

compracompra

comprcompr

comprarcomprar

Nosotros compramos compramos compraremos

Vosotros compris comprasteis comprarisUstedesEllos (Ellas)

comprancompran

compraroncompraron

comprarncomprarn

Compra!Buy!Compren!Buy! (pl.)Qu ests comprando?What are you buying?Dnde lo (la) compraste?Where did you buy it?Quiero comprar...I want to buy...

cosmticos:cosmetics:lpiz labial;

barra de labios

lipstick

perfumeperfumechampshampoojabnsoapcrema de cuerpobody lotionbronceadorsuntan lotion

comida:food: panbreadproductos lcteosdairy products

TOBUY





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frutafruitscarnemeat

verduravegetablesquiero comprar...I want to buy...

todo lo que sea necesarioeverything necessaryuna bolsa, un bolsoa baglibrosbooksprendedorbrooch

ropa:clothes:ropa de bao, traje de baobathing suitbotasbootsgorro, sombrerohatabrigojacketjeansjeans

blusashirtzapatosshoesfaldaskirtcalcetinessockssutersweater

pantalonestrousers

camisetaundershirt, T-shirtropa interiorunderwear

peinecombdiscodiskalgo de comersomething to eatmanteltablecloth

boleto, billeteticketparaguasumbrellarelojwatch

comprabuycompradobought

TOBUY

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TOCALL

TO CALL LLAMA

(HOWANDWHEN) (CMOYCUNDO)

futurepastpresentllamarllamllamoYoIllamarsllamastellamasTYoullamarllamar

llamllam

llamallama

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

llamaremosllamamosllamamosNosotrosWe

llamarisllamasteisllamisVosotrosYou (sp.)llamarnllamarn

llamaronllamaron

llamanllaman


YouThey

Llama!Call!Llamen!Call! (pl.)

por telfonoby phonela prxima semananext weekhoytodaymaanatomorrowayeryesterdayurgenteurgent

estaremos en contactowe will be in touchpara...for...para...to...con...with...

conexin, lnea, contactoconnection, line, contact

se cort la llamada,la conexin

the call was cut off,cut off





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llamadocall

llmamecall me

comuncate conmigocommunicate with me

TO CALL (NAME) LLAMAR

present past futureI Yo llamo llam llamar

You T llamas llamaste llamarsYou (pol.)He, She

Ustedl (Ella)

llamallama

llamllam

llamarllamar

We Nosotros llamamos llamamos llamaremosYou (sp.) Vosotros llamis llamasteis llamarisYou


llamanllaman

llamaronllamaron

llamarnllamarn

Llama!Call!

Llamen!Call! (pl.)

Llmalo.Call him.

Cmo te llamas?What's your name?

Me llamo Dani.My name is Dani.

Llama al doctor.Call the doctor.

se llama...this is called...

Te llam.I've called you.

llamadacall

TOCALL

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TOCHOOSE

TO CHOOSE ESCOGER

present past futureI Yo escojo escog escogerYou T escoges escogiste escogersYou (pol.)He, She

Ustedl (Ella)

escogeescoge

escogiescogi

escogerescoger

We Nosotros escogemos escogimos escogeremosYou (sp.) Vosotros escogis escogisteis escogerisYou


escogenescogen

escogieronescogieron

escogernescogern

Escoge!Choose!

Escojan!Choose! (pl.)

escoge...choose...algosomething

lo que quieraswhatever you want

el vestidothe dress

la excursin, el paseothe excursion

el hotelthe hotel

el regalothe presentel cuartothe room

de recuerdosouvenir

escogidochosen





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TO CLOSE CERRAR

futurepastpresent

cerrarcerrcierroYoIcerrarscerrastecierrasTYoucerrarcerrar

cerrcerr

cierracierra

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

cerraremoscerramoscerramosNosotrosWecerrariscerrasteiscerrisVosotrosYou (sp.)

cerrarncerrarn

cerraroncerraron

cierrancierran


YouThey

Cierra!Close!Cierren!Close! (pl.)Cerradoclosed

se cierrait closesCerramos el asunto?Is it a deal?el asunto qued cerradoit is a dealparntesisparenthesisa tiempoat timea la noche, de nocheat night

tempranoearlytardelateel domingoon SundayCierra por favor.Please close.

TOCLOSE

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TOCOME

TO COME VENIR

futurepastpresent

vendrvinevoyYoIvendrsvenistevienesTYouvendrvendr

vinovino

vieneviene

Ustedl (Ella)

You (pol.)He, She

vendremosvenimosvenimosNosotrosWevendrisvenisteisvenisVosotrosYou (sp.)

vendrnvendrn

vinieronvinieron

vienenvienen


YouThey

ven!Come!

vengan!Come! (pl.)

De dnde?Where from?

casahomehacia, ato

defrom

de la...from the...

bancobank

dentistadentist

exhibicinexhibitionferiafairamigofriend

pelculamovie

oficinaoffice

sociopartner

canchastadiumestacinstation





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tiendastorecallestreet

este lugarthis place universidaduniversitypor media horafor half an houra...to...

mi...meti, tu...you, your...l, su...him, his...ella, su...her, her...nosotros, nuestra...us, our...ustedes, su...you, your...ellos, su...them, their...an representanteto a representative

a todo estoto all this vengan a...come to...Vino...He came

a verificarto checka hacerto doa escucharto listen

a devolver (algo)to return (something) a verto seea mandar; a enviarto senda contarto tella visitarto visita trabajarto work

otra vezagaindespusaftersoloaloneantesbeforetempranoearlytardelate

TOCOME

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ya, ahoranowen otra ocasinsome other time

pasado maanathe day after tomorrowanteayerthe day before yesterdayayeryesterdayparato, forhoytodayjunto con...together with

maanatomorrow

TO CONSULT CONSULTAR

futurepastpresentconsultarconsultconsultoYoconsultarsconsultasteconsultasTconsultarconsultar

consultconsult

consultaconsulta

Ustedl (Ella)

consultaremosconsultamosconsultamosNosotros

consultarisconsultasteisconsultisVosotros consultarnconsultarn

consultaronconsultaron

consultanconsultan


Consulta!Consult!

Consulten!Consult! (pl.)

sobre...on...about... un asunto importanteon an important matter

antes de tomaruna decisinbefore making a decision

TOCONSULT





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