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Traffic Speed Study

Report Submitted By –

Pronob Kumar Ghosh

Std ID: 1204011

Group No: 01

Submitted to –

Professor Md. Shamsul Haque

Assistant Professor Sanjana Hossain

Department of Civil Engineering

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

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ABSTRACT

The goal of traffic engineering is to assure safe, convenient and time efficient movement of people

and goods on roadways. This movement of the people and goods is dependent on traffic

parameters. The three main parameters of a traffic flow are volume, speed and density. The current

studies on traffic speed of roadway from Panthapath Signal to Russel Square in Dhaka City .The

amount of vehicle have increased significantly in the last decade due to the increase of the

economic condition of people. For designing and construction of a road involves estimation of

traffic volume and setting up ideal speed for the vehicles to travel in a comfortable way. Now days,

due to rapid increase in volume of traffic the designed speed on high ways could not be maintained

resulting a delay in reaching target point. Our Speed Study involves spot speed and travel speed.

This spot speed helps us to check the distribution pattern by fitting normal distribution curve. From

travel speed and spot speed delay study is done and benefit cost ration analysis is carried out. By

this it helps to recommend the changes to the existing system. These recommendations may

involve establishment of precautionary sighs like school zone, speed limit etc.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, we would like to express my deepest sense of gratitude to almighty God.

I write this acknowledgement with great honor, pride and pleasure to pay my respects to all who

enable us either directly in completing this report. I express my deep sense of gratitude to Md.

Shamsul Haque, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering and Sajana Hossain, Assistant

Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology

for being valuable guidance to us especially for writing this report that I have encountered while

working on this report.

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CONTENTS

Page No.

Abstract ii

Acknowledgement iii

Contents iv

List of Figures vi

List of Tables vii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2

2.1 Traffic Speed Study 2

2.2 Definition of Speed 2

2.2 a. Spot Speed 3

2.2 a. i. Stopwatch Methods

2.2 a. ii. Radar Meter Methods

2.2 a. iii. Pneumatic Methods

2.2 b. Space Mean Speed 3

2.2 c. Time-Mean-Speed 4

2.2 d. Free flow speed: 4

2.2 e. Travel speed 5

2.3 Traffic Delay

2.4 Chi-Square Test 5

2.5 Level of Service 5

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 6

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CHAPTER 4 DATA COLLECTION 9

4.1 Spot Speed Data Collection. 9

4.2 Travel Speed Data Collection. 10

CHAPTER 5 DATA ANLYSIS 12

5.1 Speed Distribution pattern by fitting normal distribution curve 12

5.2 Chi-Square Test 13

5.3 Delay Study 14

5.4 Benefit –Cost ratio Analysis 16

5.5 Speed Flow Study 18

5.6 Level of Service 21

CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION 22

6.1 Conclusion 22

6.2 Limitation 22

6.3 Recommendation for future work 23

References 24

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List of Figures

Figure No. Figure Title Page

3.1 Speed Study Route from Panthapath to Russel Square 8

5.1 Distribution curve 13

5.2 Space mean speed vs Flow Curve 20

5.3 Space mean speed vs V/C Graph 23

5.4 Different Level of Service of roadway. 24

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List of Tables

Table No. Table Title Page

4.1 Spot Speed Data of CNG from all group. 8

4.2 Travel Speed Data of CNG & CAR. 9

4.3 Travel Speed Data of Micro-Bus,

Ambulance, Bus & JIP. 9

5.1 Spot Speed of CNG Distribution. 12

5.2 Chi-Square test of Spot Speed of CNG 13

5.3 Delay Study for Panthapath to Russel Square. 14

5.4 Delay Study from Russel Square to Panthapath. 15

5.5 Summary of Delay Cost. 15

5.6 Summary of All Cost. 16

5.7 Benefit- Cost Ratio analysis. 17

5.8 Travel Speed Data for group 1 18

5.9 Time mean speed , space mean speed 19

and flow for all group.

5.10 ADT of all Group. 21

5.11 Volume/Cost Panthapath to Russel Square 21

5.12 Volume/Cost Russel Square to Pathapath. 22

5.13 Volume/Capacity and Space mean speed 22

for all Group.

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Traffic Engineering is that branch of engineering which deals with the improvement of traffic

performance of road networks and terminals. This is achieved by systematic traffic studies,

scientific analysis and engineering applications. Traffic engineering deals with the application of

scientific principles, tools, techniques and findings for safe, rapid, convenient and economic

moment of people and goods. The basic object of traffic engineering is to achieve efficient free

and rapid flow of traffic with least number of traffic accidents.

Speed is an important transportation consideration because it relates to safety, time, comfort,

convenience and economics. The actual speed of vehicles over a particular route may fluctuate

widely depending on several factors such as geometric features, traffic conditions, time, place,

environment and driver. In this study spot speed and travel speed of vehicle is counted from

Panthapath to Russel Square roadway. Spot speed survey is conducted to establish speed limit in

Panthapath to Russel Square, to recommend pedestrian signal if necessary, to recommend caution

signs to compare diverse types of drivers and vehicles under specified conditions. Travel speed is

conducted for efficiency check, collection of rating data, model calibration, economic analysis and

evaluation of performance before and after improvement. Speed delay time analysis is performed

in this study to measure the delay in terms of monetary value.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

The purpose of performing spot speed study is because of the traffic speed limit and delay analysis

to measure the efficiency of the Panthapath to Russel Square Roadway. Our group convey this

study in this roadway to take up the speed survey and carry out a analysis that is feasible, economic,

and easily adoptable. Our study is divided into two parts, one is determining spot speed of vehicles

and the other is to conduct travel speed survey over roadway, study on all classified vehicles.

2.1 Traffic Speed Study

Traffic speed data are needed for planning, designing, establishing priorities and schedules of

traffic improvements. The traffic engineer must acquire general knowledge of traffic speeds in

order to design speed, safe speed and limit of speed. Spot speed data are used in many traffic

engineering activities such as design, safe and limit speed for roadway, determining traffic signal

timing, roadway capacity, evaluating the effectiveness of improvements, and installing speed

zones.

2.2 Definition of Speed

Speed is defined as the travel distance covered by unit time. Speed is expresses as mile per hour

or KM per hour.

Velocity= Distance / Time

In our study to determine spot speed, 44 ft distance is selected and to cover this distance the time

is counted.

Different types of Speed are-

Spot Speed.

Space- Mean Speed.

Time-Mean Speed.

Free Flow Speed.

Travel Speed.

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2.2 a. Spot Speed

Spot speed is the instantaneous speed of a vehicle as it passes a specified point along a road. Spot

Speed can be done by following methods-

Stop Watch Methods.

Radar Meter Methods.

Pneumatic Methods.

2.2 a. i. Stopwatch Methods

The stopwatch method can be used to determine spot speed study using a small sample size taken

over a relatively short period of time. The stopwatch method is a quick and inexpensive method

for collecting speed data.

2.2 a. ii. Radar Meter Methods

A radar meter is a commonly used device for directly measuring speeds in spot speed studies. This

device may be hand-held, mounted in a vehicle, or mounted on a tripod. The effective measuring

distance for radar meters ranges from 200 feet up to 2 miles. A radar meter requires line-of-sight

to accurately measure speed and is easily operated by one person.

2.2 a. iii. Pneumatic Methods

The pneumatic road tube method is normally used for longer data collection time periods than

those of either the stopwatch or radar meter method. Using this method, pneumatic tubes are placed

in the travel lanes and are connected to recorders located at the side of the road.

2.2 b. Space Mean Speed

Space-Mean-Speed is the average of vehicle speeds weighted according to how long they remain

on the section of road. Mathematically it is harmonic mean of the observed speeds. It is given by-

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Where,

ti = observed time for the i th vehicle to travel distance d

N or n = number of vehicles observed

d= length of roadway section.

Space Mean Speed is measured by following methods-

License Plate Method

Floating Car Method.

Elevated Observer Method.

2.2 c. Time-Mean-Speed (TMS)

The time mean speed Ut, is the arithmetic mean of spot speeds of all vehicles passing a point

during a specified interval of time. It is given by-

where,

Ui or ui = observed speed of i-th vehicle

N or n = number of vehicles observed.

2.2 d. Free flow speed:

The desired speed of drivers in low volume conditions and in the absence of traffic control devices.

In other words, the mean speed of passenger cars that can be maintained in low to moderate flow

rates on a uniform freeway segment prevailing roadway and traffic conditions.

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2.2 e. Travel speed

Travel speed is the effective speed of the vehicle on a journey between two points and is the

distance between the two points divided by the total time taken for the vehicle to complete the

travel including any stopped time. If the journey speed is less than running speed, it indicates that

the journey follows a stop-go condition with enforced acceleration and deceleration. The spot

speed here may vary from zero to some maximum in excess of the running speed. Uniformity

between travel and running speeds denotes comfortable travel conditions.

2.3 Speed from Cumulative frequency Curve

Design speed: The speed at or below which 98 percent of a sample of free flowing vehicles

travelling is Design Speed.

Safe speed: The speed at or below which 85 percent of a sample of free flowing vehicles travelling

is known as Safe Speed.

Median speed: The speed at 50 percent of observed speeds are higher than the median, 50 percent

of observed speeds are lower than the median.

Speed Limit: Speed limit is counted as 15th percentile speed lower limit and 85th percentile higher

limit.

Pace: Pace is a range of speed, usually taken in 10 Kmph or 15 Kmph increment.

Modal Speed: Speed at highest frequency.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

Speed is an important measure of the quality of travel and safety of road network. Speed by

definition is the rate of movement of vehicle in distance per unit time. The main purpose of this

study is to determine traffic parameter, specially speed. Spot Speed measurements are most often

taken at a point of road way under conditions of free flow. The intent is to determine the speeds

that drivers select, unaffected by the existence of congestion. This information is used to determine

general speed trends, to help determine reasonable speed limits and to assess safety.

Location: Location of the spot for traffic speed survey is chosen to be from Panthapath to Russel

Square.

Date: Data for speed study was collected on 23 March 2017.

Time: Time of data collection for volume study was different for different groups however for

group-1 the time was from 9:00 am to 9:15 am.

Weather Condition: It was a sunny day.

Observation: Classified Vehicle Counts.

Distance for Spot Speed: 44ft.

Number of Enumerator: 7

Equipment’s and Method used to collect speed data: The data collectors used stopwatches to

record the time in case of recording spot speed data. Travel speed data was collected by number

plate method. Another Method is applied. At first the enumerator is calibrated their smartphone

and three groups made in where two enumerator were. They captured photo of front site of

vehicle from standing divider or footpath. Finally we find travel time for the same vehicle

approach time in Panthapth and exit time for same vehicle in Russel Square.

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Figure 3.1 Spot Speed and Travel Speed Study Area.

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CHAPTER 4

DATA COLLECTION

4.1 Spot Speed Data Collection.

Table 4.1 Spot Speed Data of CAR.

CAR Distance(ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed

(mph)

1 44 1.65 18.1818

2 44 1.32 22.7273

3 44 1.20 25.0000

4 44 1.10 27.2727

5 44 1.43 20.9790

6 44 1.70 17.6471

7 44 1.80 16.6667

8 44 1.05 28.5714

9 44 1.77 16.9492

10 44 1.52 19.7368

11 44 1.62 18.5185

12 44 1.80 16.6667

13 44 1.24 24.1935

14 44 1.39 21.5827

15 44 1.70 17.6471

16 44 1.39 21.5827

17 44 1.67 17.9641

18 44 1.59 18.8679

19 44 1.41 21.2766

20 44 1.06 28.3019

21 44 1.60 18.7500

22 44 1.45 20.6897

23 44 1.40 21.4286

24 44 1.27 23.6220

25 44 1.07 28.0374

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Table 4.2 Spot Speed Data of CNG

CNG Distance (ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed(mph)

1 44 1.78 16.8539

2 44 1.58 18.9873

3 44 1.82 16.4835

4 44 1.46 20.5479

5 44 1.81 16.5746

6 44 1.86 16.1290

7 44 1.68 17.8571

8 44 1.48 20.2703

9 44 1.63 18.4049

10 44 1.79 16.7598

Table 4.3 Spot Speed Data of Motor-cycle.

Motor-Cycle Distance (ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed (mph)

1 44 1.32 22.72727

2 44 1.81 16.57459

3 44 1.37 21.89781

4 44 1.42 21.12676

5 44 1.58 18.98734

6 44 1.69 17.75148

7 44 1.67 17.96407

8 44 1.41 21.27660

9 44 1.35 22.22222

10 44 1.71 17.54386

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Table 4.4 Spot Speed Data of BUS

Table 4.5 Spot Speed Data of Micro-Bus.

MicroBus Distance (ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed (mph)

1 44 1.62 18.5185

2 44 1.78 16.8539

3 44 1.68 17.8571

4 44 1.70 17.6471

5 44 1.23 24.3902

Table 4.6 Spot Speed Data of Jip/ Pajero.

JIP/Pajero Distance (ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed (mph)

1 44 1.52 19.7368

2 44 1.64 18.2927

Table 4.7 Spot Speed Data of PicUp.

PICUP Distance (ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed (mph)

1 44 2.69 11.1524

2 44 2.45 12.2449

BUS Distance (ft) Time (sec) Spot Speed (mph)

1 44 2.36 12.7119

2 44 2.21 13.5747

3 44 2.25 13.3333

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4.2 Travel Speed Data Collection.

Table 4.8 Travel Speed Data of CNG & CAR.

CNG Travel Time (sec)

Distance (ft)

Tavel Speed (mph)

CAR Travel Time (Sec)

Distance (ft)

Travel Speed (mph)

1 135 2624.672 13.2559

1 188 2624.672 9.5189

2 149 2624.672 12.0104

2 208 2624.672 8.6036

3 273 2624.672 6.5551

3 192 2624.672 9.3206

4 165 2624.672 10.8458

4 194 2624.672 9.2245

5 131 2624.672 13.6607

5 242 2624.672 7.3948

6 144 2624.672 12.4274

6 198 2624.672 9.0381

7 153 2624.672 11.6964

7 198 2624.672 9.0381

8 185 2624.672 9.6732

8 205 2624.672 8.7295

9 194 2624.672 9.2245

9 208 2624.672 8.6036

10 154 2624.672 11.6204

10 213 2624.672 8.4016

11 116 2624.672 15.4271

11 204 2624.672 8.7723

12 159 2624.672 11.2550

12 196 2624.672 9.1304

13 177 2624.672 10.1104

13 204 2624.672 8.7723

14 114 2624.672 15.6978

14 238 2624.672 7.5191

15 109 2624.672 16.4179

15 236 2624.672 7.5828

16 162 2624.672 11.0466

16 220 2624.672 8.1343

17 186 2624.672 9.6212

17 214 2624.672 8.3624

18 176 2624.672 10.1679

18 207 2624.672 8.6452

19 197 2624.672 9.0840

20 200 2624.672 8.9477

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Table 4.9 Travel Speed Data of Micro-Bus, Ambulance ,Bus, Pajero.

Micro-Bus

Time (sec)

Distance (ft)

Travel Speed (mph)

Ambulance Time (sec)

Distance (ft)

Travel Speed (mph)

1 203 2624.672 8.8155

1 145 2624.672 12.3417

2 214 2624.672 8.3624

3 203 2624.672 8.8155

4 213 2624.672 8.4016

5 206 2624.672 8.6871

Bus Time (sec)

Distance (ft)

Travel Speed (mph)

JIP/PAJERO Time (sec)

Distance (ft)

Travel Speed (mph)

1 202 2624.672 8.8592

1 181 2634.672 9.9247

2 238 2624.672 7.5191

2 167 2634.672 10.7567

3 256 2624.672 6.9904

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CHAPTER 5

DATA ANALYSIS

5.1 Spot Speed Data Analysis.

In spot speed study, time to pass 22 ft or 44 ft distance is counted. In our case we take 44 ft strip

and count time to travel this distance without uninterrupted. Spot speed data is collected from eight

group. The data is classified in table 5.1 in such a way that in every class at least 8-10 vehicle

exists. For every range percentage frequency and after cumulative frequency is calculated.

Weighted average speed is calculated from this table.

Table 5.1 Data Classification of Spot Speed.

Weighted Average Speed = (∑v x f) / ∑ f

= 7987.5 / 579

= 13.795 mph

Speed Range

mile/hour

Mid Speed, V

mile/hour Frequency f

% of

frequency

Cumulative of

frequency V x f

0-5 2.5 9 1.55% 1.55% 22.5

5-10 7.5 131 22.63% 24.18% 982.5

10-15 12.5 239 41.28% 65.46% 2987.5

15-20 17.5 134 23.14% 88.60% 2345

20-25 22.5 43 7.43% 96.03% 967.5

25-30 27.5 13 2.25% 98.27% 357.5

30-35 32.5 10 1.73% 100.00% 325

Total= 579 100.00% 7987.5

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5.2 Speed Histogram.

From Table 5.1, the number of vehicles frequency for every range is determined. A histogram is

drawn from speed range vs frequency. In this histogram it is seen that the maximum number of

vehicles is in 10-15 mph range. The number of vehicles within this speed range is 239 among 579

vehicles.

Figure 5.1 Speed Histogram.

0

50

100

150

200

250

0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35

9

131

239

134

4313 10

Freq

uen

cy

Speed Range, mph

HistogramModal Speed 10-15 mph range

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5.3 Frequency Curve

Frequency Curve is drawn the number of vehicles in each range vs spot speed. Figure 5.2 shows

frequency graph. From this graph modal speed and pace can be determined. The modal speed is

highest frequency speed. From this graph, it is seen that the highest frequency occurs 12.5 mph.

So modal speed is 12.5 mph. Pace is also determined from here. Pace is the range of speed usually

taken 10-15 mph increment. The pace is found from here is 6 – 20 mph.

Figure 5.2 Frequency Curve from Spot Speed Study.

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

freq

uen

cy %

Spot Speed, mile/hour

Freequency Curve

Modal Speed 12.5 mph

Pace 6-20 mph

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5.4 Cumulative Frequency Curve

Cumulative frequency distribution of spot speed is important to measure some parameters. Figure

5.3 shows cumulative frequency curve of spot speed. From this graph design speed, safe speed,

median speed, speed limits are found. Design speed is the 98th percentile speed. In this graph 98th

percentile occurs at speed 26.5 mph. Safe speed is 85th percentile speed. 85th percentile is found at

speed 16.5 mph. Median speed is the 50th percentile speed. Here 50th percentile occurs at speed 11

mph. Speed limits are measured between 85th percentile speed at upper limit & 15th percentile

speed at lower limit. From this graph it is observed that the speed limit occurs 6.5mph-16.5 mph.

Figure 5.3 Cumulative Frequency Curve of Spot Speed.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Cu

mu

lati

ve f

req

uen

cy

Spot Speed,Mph

Cumulative Frequency Distribution of Spot Speed

85th percentile 16.5 mph

15th percentile 6.5 mph

98th percentile 26.5 mph

50th percentile 11

mph

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Table 5.2 Result from Spot Speed Study.

Parameters Result

1. Weighted Average

Speed

13.795 mph

2. Modal Speed 12.5 mph

3. Pace 6-20 mph

4. Design Speed 26.5 mph

5. Safe Speed 16.5 mph

6. Speed Limits 6.5-16.5 mph

7. Median Speed 11 mph

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5.5 Wardrop Equation Develop from CNG Travel Speed Data.

Travel Speed data is counted for different classified vehicles from Panthpath to Russel Square.

Travel speed of CNG is shown in Table 5.3. From this data space mean speed,Vi and time mean

speed Vt is determined. From the analysis it is seen that space mean speed 11.706 mph is lower

than time mean speed 11.1772 mph.

Table 5.3 Travel Speed Analysis of CNG.

Vehicle

No.

Speed Vi

mph

Time Mean Speed Vt

mph

Space Mean Speed

Vs mph (Vi-Vt)^2

1 13.2559

∑Vi / n

= 210.7139/18

= 11.706

n / ∑(1/Vi) =

18/ (1.61042)

= 11.1772

2.4022495

2 12.0104 0.09265728

3 6.5551 26.5315146

4 10.8458 0.74002651

5 13.6607 3.82077423

6 12.4274 0.52045294

7 11.6964 9.2174E-05

8 9.6732 4.13212001

9 9.2245 6.15794225

10 11.6204 0.00731903

11 15.4271 13.8469375

12 11.2550 0.20337779

13 10.1104 2.54578988

14 15.6978 15.9344596

15 16.4179 22.2018279

16 11.0466 0.43480925

17 9.6212 4.34625898

18 10.1679 2.36577449

210.7139 106.284384

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From the above analysis Wardrop equation is verified in below. At first Standard deviation of

CNG travel speed data is determined. Then it is seen that right part of Wardrop equation is very

near to time mean speed.

Standard Deviation Sd= √(106.284384 / 18) = 2.42995

Now,

Vs + (Sd^2) / Vs

= 11.1772 + 2.42995^2 / 11.1772

=11.705

Which is very near to 11.706

Percentage of Error = (11.706-11.705) / 11.706*100 %

=0.00854 %

So Vt = Vs + Sd^2 / Vs Wardorp Equation is proved.

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5.5 Wardrop Equation Develop from CAR Travel Speed Data.

Travel speed of CAR is shown in Table 5.4. From this data space mean speed,Vi and time mean

speed Vt is determined. From the analysis it is seen that space mean speed 8.59946 mph is lower

than time mean speed 8.64119mph.

Table 5.4 Travel Speed Analysis of CAR.

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Vehicle

No.

Speed Vi

mph

Time Mean

Speed Vt mph

Space Mean

Speed Vs

mph

(Vi-Vt)^2

1 9.5189

∑Vi / n =

172.8239/20=

8.64119

n / ∑(1/Vi) =

20/

(2.325726)=

8.59946

0.77033648

2 8.6036 0.0014129

3 9.3206 0.46155471

4 9.2245 0.34022705

5 7.3948 1.55341087

6 9.0381 0.15755876

7 9.0381 0.15755876

8 8.7295 0.00780003

9 8.6036 0.0014129

10 8.4016 0.05738472

11 8.7723 0.01718969

12 9.1304 0.23927996

13 8.7723 0.01718969

14 7.5191 1.25905494

15 7.5828 1.12011503

16 8.1343 0.25692323

17 8.3624 0.07773561

18 8.6452 1.5798E-05

19 9.0840 0.1960856

20 8.9477 0.09397625

Total 172.8239 6.78622298

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Standard Deviation Sd= √(6.78622298/20) = 0.5825

Now,

Vs + (Sd^2) / Vs

= 8.59946 + 0.5825^2 / 8.59946

=8.6338 mph

Which is very near to 8.64419 mph

Percentage of Error= 100*(8.64419-8.59946) / 8.64419

=0.517 %

So Vt = Vs + Sd^2 / Vs Wardorp Equation is proved.

Table 5.5 Time Mean Speed and Space Mean Speed of CNG and CAR.

Vehicle Time Mean Speed

mph

Space Mean Speed

mph

Comments

CNG 11.706 11.1772 Space Mean Speed is

lower.

CAR 8.64119 8.59946 Space Mean Speed is

lower.

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CHAPTER 6

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 Conclusion

In Spot Speed study, speed is taken for different classified vehicles in proportion to vehicle

composition. Total eight group spot speed data is accumulated and classified in Five mph range.

From frequency table weighted average speed is determined and it is 13.795 mph. To understand

the speed data frequency curve, histogram & cumulative frequency curve is drawn. From

histogram, it is seen that the speed of maximum number of vehicles in Panthapath to Russel Square

roadway is in 10-15 mph range. So it is said that modal speed is in this range. From frequency

curve, the highest peak is 12.5 mph and it is modal speed. It is also seen that the pace is 6-20 mph.

From cumulative frequency curve, design speed (98th percentile speed) is 26.5 mph. Safe speed

(85th percentile) is 16.5 mph & the median speed is 11 mph. From this curve we can also determine

limit speed. In limit speed, upper limit (85th percentile) is 16.5 mph & lower limit (15th percentile)

is 6.5 mph.

In travel speed study, travel time is taken for different vehicles from Panthapth to Russel Square.

To proof Wardrop equation, CNG & CAR travel speed is taken. In the travel speed study it is seen

that space mean speed is always lower than time mean speed. Wardrop equation is proofed. The

percentage of error is so small that it is negligible to take consideration.

6.2 Limitation

The major limitation of spot sped study was conducted for 10-15 minutes only, whereas

for proper results the survey should be conducted for more time.

Another limitation of spot speed study, we take spot speed data in thrusday. To get more

accurate result, the study should be taken through the whole day.

Number of enumerators was 7 persons per group where for complete and precise

collection of travel speed data at least 10 persons were required for each group.

Our travel speed collected data is for representative portion of traffic stream. However if

it was possible to collect data for each and every type of vehicle then a better scenario

could have been presented.

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6.3 Recommendation of Future Study

Our speed Study is done by manually. In future, manually in addition to image processing

can be added to get more proper result.

Radar meter can be properly used in Speed study.

Data from modern equipment and manually data can be compared.

Some more statistical analysis can be done.

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