Nama : Febri AyuNRP : G352130051

• Many new species of animals have been discovered during the past 40 years of deep-ocean exploration, particularly in chemosynthetic habitats such as hydrothermal vents and cold-water hydrocarbon seeps.

• Estimating species diversity in these environments is difficult

• because insufficient sampling often fails to capture the range of organismic variability in time and space. Molecular systematic studies have revealed a number of taxonomic problems that derive from insufficient sampling and a shallow knowledge base regarding many deep-sea taxa.

• discrete morphotypes of siboglinid tubeworms that are products of developmental plasticity were assigned synonymous species names.

• Also, distinct juvenile and adult forms of vent shrimp were assigned synonymous genus and species names.

• Though molecular studies have resolved many of these problems, they are not a panacea because they also suffer from insufficient sampling of taxa and genes, and from contamination of DNA sequences.

• Working carefully together, molecular and traditional systematists should eventually generate more accurate species lists that allow unbiased estimates of species richness in deep-sea environments.

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