species and habitat preservation by olivia and chelsea
TRANSCRIPT
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SPECIES AND HABITAT
PRESERVATIONBY OLIVIA AND CHELSEA
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• Exploitation of wild populations has been a characteristic of the human species since our migration from Africa 130,000 – 70,000 years ago
• The rate of extinctions of entire species of plants and animals across the planet has been considerably high in the last few hundred years
• It is widely considered that we are in the sixth great extinction event on this planet; the Holocene Mass Extinction
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WHY DO WE NEED TO PRESERVE SPECIES AND HABITATS?
Ethical
o Relating to a ‘deep ecology’ perspective
o It is our responsibility, as a more capable species to ensure that we preserve others and avoid endangering their survival
o Reduced trade in animal parts
Aesthetic
o A world consisting of humans?
o Cultivate an appreciation and understanding of nature
o Maintain this appreciation for future generations
Genetic Resource
o Maintain species diversity
o Captive breeding & Zoos – prevents total extinction
o Serves as a living store of animal DNA
o Seed banks preserve the genetic code of various plant species
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WHY WE CAN’T HELP HABITAT OR SPECIES LOSS
Ethical Considerations
- How else do we get the resources we need? i.e. Timber and medicinal plants.
- Different societies and cultures have different meanings to some species going extinct. Do we crush these cultures just to save a habitat/species?- How do we know this species is extinct? Might still exists
deep in the jungle or remote areas which humans haven’t discovered yet.
- If animals are kept in zoos or captive breeding programs, don’t they lose their natural instinct, and limit the gene pool therefore evolution?
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WHY WE CAN’T HELP HABITAT OR SPECIES LOSS
Aesthetic Considerations
- A plant/animal may be unique to their look, but will it really affect a food chain?
- Beauty vs. Productivity. - Some plants are already extinct, but
scientists/environmentalists are trying to recreate these plants through DNA regrowth, is this needed? i.e. The Protea Plant.
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WHY WE CAN’T HELP HABITAT OR SPECIES LOSS
Genetic Resource Consideration
- How reliable is storage over a long period of time?- It is impossible to preserve every species on Earth feasibly
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WHY WE CAN’T HELP HABITAT OR SPECIES LOSS
Commercial Considerations
- If we pick one option “the best option” what do we miss out on? – Opportunity Cost- E.g. If you get a donation, and you had a choice of
captive breeding, or building a reserve in a forest, each one has their ups and downs. If you chose captive breeding, you would give up the chance to save a rainforest, and vice versa.
- How will the depletion of killing animals and cutting down the forest affect our economy?
- A technocentric view of the world.
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CITES
• Good example of monitoring species status but since it is voluntary if the country chooses not to enforce it, there will be no change in species’ status results.
• It reduces trade in animal parts, i.e. ivory.
• It is locally enforceable where the poaching/trade may be happening but no international body has authority to enforce on national territory.
• VOLUNTARY
http://www.cites.org
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BIBLIOGRAPHY“Welcome to CITES”. Web. 14 Aug. 2011. <http://www.cites.org>.
"What Is Opportunity Cost? Definition and Meaning." InvestorWords.com - Investing Glossary. Web. 14 Aug. 2011. <http://www.investorwords.com/3470/opportunity_cost.html>.