speciation of cd(ii) in strong chloride media¸m 2017... · aliquat 336 rice, n.m., smith, m.r.:...
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Speciation of Cd(II) in Strong Chloride Media
Hans Vigeland Lerum
Phd candidate
University of oslo
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Industrial feeds are complicated
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Slovnaft_-_new_polypropylene_plant_PP3.JPG
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What you look for is what you find
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Modell solutions
http://paper4pc.com/model-train-train-toy-model-railroad-minature-trains-tracks-16.html#gal_post_87213_modeltrain-train-toy-model-railroad-minature-trains-tracks-wallpaper-9.jpg
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Liquid-Liquid extraction
𝑲 =𝑳𝑴 [𝑿]
𝑴 [𝑳𝑿]
𝑲 = 𝑫[𝑿]
[𝑳𝑿]
𝑫 =𝑨 𝒐𝒓𝒈
𝑨 𝒂𝒒
𝑴+ 𝑳𝑿 ⇌ 𝑳𝑴+ 𝑿
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Making a map of the extraction
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Aqueous phase effect on Cd
Powell, K. J.; Brown, P. L.; Byrne, R. H.; Gajda, T.; Hefter, G.; Leuz, A.-k.; Sjöberg, S.; Wanner, H. Chemical Speciation of Environmentally Significant Metals with Inorganic Ligands. Part 4: The Cd2+ + OH-, Cl-,CO 2-,SO 2-, and PO 3- Systems (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure and Applied Chemistry 2011, 83 (5), 1163.
![Page 8: Speciation of Cd(II) in Strong Chloride Media¸m 2017... · Aliquat 336 Rice, N.M., Smith, M.R.: Recovery of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury(II) from Chloride and Sulphate Media by Solvent](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042015/5e7402b69dd2fa56a029a465/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Aqueous phase effect on Cd
Powell, K. J.; Brown, P. L.; Byrne, R. H.; Gajda, T.; Hefter, G.; Leuz, A.-k.; Sjöberg, S.; Wanner, H. Chemical Speciation of Environmentally Significant Metals with Inorganic Ligands. Part 4: The Cd2+ + OH-, Cl-,CO 2-,SO 2-, and PO 3- Systems (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure and Applied Chemistry 2011, 83 (5), 1163.
![Page 9: Speciation of Cd(II) in Strong Chloride Media¸m 2017... · Aliquat 336 Rice, N.M., Smith, M.R.: Recovery of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury(II) from Chloride and Sulphate Media by Solvent](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042015/5e7402b69dd2fa56a029a465/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Aqueous phase effect on Cd
Powell, K. J.; Brown, P. L.; Byrne, R. H.; Gajda, T.; Hefter, G.; Leuz, A.-k.; Sjöberg, S.; Wanner, H. Chemical Speciation of Environmentally Significant Metals with Inorganic Ligands. Part 4: The Cd2+ + OH-, Cl-,CO 2-,SO 2-, and PO 3- Systems (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure and Applied Chemistry 2011, 83 (5), 1163.
![Page 10: Speciation of Cd(II) in Strong Chloride Media¸m 2017... · Aliquat 336 Rice, N.M., Smith, M.R.: Recovery of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury(II) from Chloride and Sulphate Media by Solvent](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042015/5e7402b69dd2fa56a029a465/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Aqueous phase effect on Cd
Powell, K. J.; Brown, P. L.; Byrne, R. H.; Gajda, T.; Hefter, G.; Leuz, A.-k.; Sjöberg, S.; Wanner, H. Chemical Speciation of Environmentally Significant Metals with Inorganic Ligands. Part 4: The Cd2+ + OH-, Cl-,CO 2-,SO 2-, and PO 3- Systems (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure and Applied Chemistry 2011, 83 (5), 1163.
![Page 11: Speciation of Cd(II) in Strong Chloride Media¸m 2017... · Aliquat 336 Rice, N.M., Smith, M.R.: Recovery of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury(II) from Chloride and Sulphate Media by Solvent](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042015/5e7402b69dd2fa56a029a465/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Aliquat 336
Rice, N.M., Smith, M.R.: Recovery of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury(II) from Chloride and Sulphate Media by Solvent Extraction Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 25(379-402) (1975). Wassink, B., Dreisinger, D., Howard, J.: Solvent Extraction Separation of Zinc and Cadmium from Nickel and Cobalt using Aliquat 336, a Strong Base Anion Exchanger, in the Chloride and Thiocyanate Forms. Hydrometallurgy 57, 235-252 (2000).
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Chloride extraction
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Extraction with Nitrate Present
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Extraction with sulfate present
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Raman spectroscopy
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Distinct wavelengths can be recognised
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Extractant absorbs matrix ions
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Some of the NMR active elements
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table#/media/File:18-column_medium-long_periodic_table.png
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Combination of H-NMR with other nuclides gives much information
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Chemical shift of Cd in aqueous media
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Chemical shift as a function of chloride concentration
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Chemical shift as a function of chloride activity
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Chemical shift of extracted specie depend on aqueous chloride
concentration
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Summary
• Speciation becomes difficult as several species are present at high concentrations
• Matrix ions can be traced by NMR and Raman spectroscopy
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Thanks to
Jon Petter Omtvedt, Dag Øistein Eriksen, Eddy Walter Hansen, Grethe Wibetoe,Niels HøjmarkAndersen,Dirk Pettersen.
And the hydrometallurgy group