special note to lcps science teachers regarding srp resources

116
Special Note to LCPS Science Teachers Regarding SRP Resources Please note that the LCPS Honors Science Curriculum is under revision beginning SY11- 12. Until the pilot phase is completed the resources and materials in this guide will remain mostly unchanged; due dates have been deleted. The key dates for students who plan to participate in the 2012 LCPS Regional Science & Engineering fair are as follows: Absolute Deadlines for RSEF November 15, 2011 (Tuesday) Final Forms for SRC/IRB due to the LCPS Science Office February 27, 2012 (Monday) Electronic Abstracts & Registration and the original paper forms are turned in to the Science Department Chair. March 15, 2012 Regional Science & Engineering Fair at Woodgrove High School LCPS Freedom High School Science Research Project (SRP) Student Assignments & Resources 2011-2012

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Special Note to LCPS Science Teachers

Regarding SRP Resources

Please note that the LCPS Honors Science Curriculum is under revision beginning SY11-

12 Until the pilot phase is completed the resources and materials in this guide will remain

mostly unchanged due dates have been deleted

The key dates for students who plan to participate in the 2012 LCPS Regional Science amp

Engineering fair are as follows

Absolute Deadlines for RSEF

November 15 2011 (Tuesday) ndash Final Forms for SRCIRB due to the LCPS Science

Office

February 27 2012 (Monday) ndash Electronic Abstracts amp Registration and the original

paper forms are turned in to the Science Department Chair

March 15 2012 Regional Science amp Engineering Fair at Woodgrove High School

LCPS

Freedom High School

Science Research Project (SRP)

Student Assignments amp Resources

2011-2012

LCPS Science Research Project (SRP) Information Loudoun County Public Schools Science Programs foster and promote scientific inquiry The process is formalized

in Honors Earth Science Honors Biology and Independent Science Research Although completion of a Science

Research Project is a key component of these classes any LCPS student is welcomed and encouraged to participate

The mentoring of student science research is a shared responsibility of all high school science staff

9th

Grade Honors Earth Science

Students begin learning the research skills needed to complete a Science Research Project such as ―fair test

experimenting writing data collection and statistics Students develop a research question and hypothesis for a

project completed in Honors Biology

10th

Grade Honors Biology

Students complete Science Research Projects following ISEF guidelines

Independent Science Research

Students complete Science Research Projects following ISEF guidelines

Selection of Students to Attend RSEF

Each high school can send 17 projects to the Loudoun County Regional Science Fair (The LCPS Academy of

Science can send 14 projects) The selection process is determined by each school The criteria for the selection

process (school fair teacher committee etc) will be submitted in writing to the LCPS Science Office by

September 26 2011 and shared with students conducting a science research project

School Science Fair and Symposium

Science Departments are encouraged to have a School Science Fair Exhibition andor Symposium Even if a local

fair does not determine who attends the RSEF this is an opportunity for all students to exhibit their work This

could also serve as a forum for 9th graders to share their research ideas Students in other science classes could

display their class projects The date of the local fair is independent of the RSEF and decided by the schoollsquos

Science Department

Acronyms Used

SRP ndash Science Research Project SRCndash Scientific Review Committee

RSEF ndash Regional Science amp Engineering Fair IRB ndash Institution Review Board

ISEF ndash International Science amp Engineering Fair

SRP Student Assignments and Resources Manual

This entire document is available on the LCPS Intranet and from the LCPS Science Office It can be edited and

adapted to meet individual teaching styles and class needs A Teacher Resource Booklet to accompany this

document as well as an electronic SRP Paper template for student use is also available

httpwwwintranetlcps

Table of Contents Science Research Process Overview Page 2

Team Projects Page 2

Honors Earth Science SRP due dates Page 3

Honors Earth Science SRP due dates acknowledge form Page 5

Honors Biology SRP due dates Page 7

Independent Science Research SRP due dates Page 9

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Direct

SRP A Grading Rubric

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Choosing A Topic

SRP C SRP Topic Development Guided Readings

Page 11

Page 13

Page 15-16

Page 17-18

SRP 1 Project Proposal Form Page 19-20

SRP 1 Grading Rubric Page 21-22

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using Electronic Template

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReference Notes amp Citing Sources

Page 23

Page 25-30

SRP 2b Grading Rubric Page 31

SRP 3 Literature Review and References Page 33-36

SRP 3 Grading Rubric Page 37-38

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Page 39

SRP Grading Rubric Page 41

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Attachment for (1A) Page 43-44

SRP 5 Grading Rubric ISEF Forms

SRP 5 Grading Rubric Research Plan Attachment for (1A)

Page 45

Page 47

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures with Stat Analysis Plan Page 49-50

SRP 6 Grading Rubric Page 51

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Page 53-54

SRP 7 Grading Rubric Page 55

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up amp Materials

SRP 8 Grading Rubric

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data

SRP 9 Grading Rubric

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions

Page 57

Page 57

Page 59

Page 61

Page 63

Page 65-67

SRP 11 Grading Rubric

SRP 12 Abstract

Page 69-70

Page 71-72

SRP 12 Grading Rubric Page 73

SRP 13 Final Paper Page 75

SRP 13 Grading Rubric Page 77

SRP 14 Display Board Page 79

SRP 14 Grading Rubric Page 81

Appendix A Sample of Research Plan Attachment for Form 1A Page 83

Appendix B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Descriptive Statistics page 84-85

Inferential Statistics page 85-90

Examples of Statistical Data Tables page91

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative data page 92-98

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative data page 99-104

Doing Chi-Square in Excel page 105-106

Pearson R Correlation Example page 107-110

Page 84-110

Appendix C LCPS RSEF Project Categories Page 111

Appendix C Judging Criteria for the Loudoun RSEF Page 112-113

Appendix D Internet Safety Page 114

1

2

Science Research Project Process Overview

SRP Item(s)

A Science Research Project Notebook Contents

B

SRP Topic Selection Science Research Project Choosing A Topic

C SRP Topic Development (Guided Reading Activities)

1 SRP Project Proposal

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using an electronic template document

Taking Notes from ResourcesReferences amp Citing Sources

3 Literature Review amp References

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures (Experimental Design)

5 Required ISEF Forms (International Science and Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with Form 1A)

6 Final Procedures and Materials (Final Experimental Design) including a Statistical

Analysis Plan

7 Revisions to all assignments thus far and formatted correctly in the SRP Paper that was set

up with the electronic template in SRP 2a

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and Materials Any revisionsedits from SRP 7

9 Notebook Check including drafts of data tables for raw data statistical data tests and

graphsfigures

10 Final Notebook Check (refer to the rubric given with ―Science Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

11 Draft of Results and Conclusions including all data tables graphs figures amp statistical

analysis

12 Abstract (To be electronically submitted to teacher via word document)

13 Final SRP Paper (all revisions from SRP 1-11 are completed and final)

14 Display Boards

These items should be completed in Honors Earth Science Any 9th grade student taking Honors Biology or any

student who did not take Honors Earth Science the previous year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange

due dates for these items independently

Team Science Research Projects Upon approval by the teacher mentoring the students team projects are allowed to enter the RSEF providing that

both team members are either 11th or 12

th graders Two students is the maximum size of a team Team members

must understand that at the RSEF teams have additional judging criteria (see Appendix D) Additionally the team

members will equally split monetary prizes won at the RSEF The team must determine before the RSEF how to

distribute tangible prizes (ie T-shirts computers medallions etc)

3

Honors Earth Science Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock

SCIENCE RESEARCH PROJECT DUE DATES

Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade Your SRP grade

will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the effort put forth and your ability

to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Many of the due dates are established by

LCPS and cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful

weekends It is critical that these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts

Late assignments will not be accepted and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates

in your planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project

Notebook Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and

10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A

Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided

Reading Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet revised for SY 2009-2010

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples

to complete your Project Proposal Remember

this is a work in progress and revisions and

changes will be made to this assignment

several times before approval is granted by

your teacher andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper

using an electronic template

document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments

Your teacher will also provide details and

instructions in class

3 Literature Review amp

References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and

examples

4 Draft of Materials and

Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics Peer

review will be done in class as well

SRP 5 Required ISEF Forms will be completed next year in Honors Biology before you begin your research If you plan to

conduct research over the summer these forms must be completed and approved before the end of the school year

4

Page left intentionally blank

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

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69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

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75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

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77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

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79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

LCPS Science Research Project (SRP) Information Loudoun County Public Schools Science Programs foster and promote scientific inquiry The process is formalized

in Honors Earth Science Honors Biology and Independent Science Research Although completion of a Science

Research Project is a key component of these classes any LCPS student is welcomed and encouraged to participate

The mentoring of student science research is a shared responsibility of all high school science staff

9th

Grade Honors Earth Science

Students begin learning the research skills needed to complete a Science Research Project such as ―fair test

experimenting writing data collection and statistics Students develop a research question and hypothesis for a

project completed in Honors Biology

10th

Grade Honors Biology

Students complete Science Research Projects following ISEF guidelines

Independent Science Research

Students complete Science Research Projects following ISEF guidelines

Selection of Students to Attend RSEF

Each high school can send 17 projects to the Loudoun County Regional Science Fair (The LCPS Academy of

Science can send 14 projects) The selection process is determined by each school The criteria for the selection

process (school fair teacher committee etc) will be submitted in writing to the LCPS Science Office by

September 26 2011 and shared with students conducting a science research project

School Science Fair and Symposium

Science Departments are encouraged to have a School Science Fair Exhibition andor Symposium Even if a local

fair does not determine who attends the RSEF this is an opportunity for all students to exhibit their work This

could also serve as a forum for 9th graders to share their research ideas Students in other science classes could

display their class projects The date of the local fair is independent of the RSEF and decided by the schoollsquos

Science Department

Acronyms Used

SRP ndash Science Research Project SRCndash Scientific Review Committee

RSEF ndash Regional Science amp Engineering Fair IRB ndash Institution Review Board

ISEF ndash International Science amp Engineering Fair

SRP Student Assignments and Resources Manual

This entire document is available on the LCPS Intranet and from the LCPS Science Office It can be edited and

adapted to meet individual teaching styles and class needs A Teacher Resource Booklet to accompany this

document as well as an electronic SRP Paper template for student use is also available

httpwwwintranetlcps

Table of Contents Science Research Process Overview Page 2

Team Projects Page 2

Honors Earth Science SRP due dates Page 3

Honors Earth Science SRP due dates acknowledge form Page 5

Honors Biology SRP due dates Page 7

Independent Science Research SRP due dates Page 9

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Direct

SRP A Grading Rubric

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Choosing A Topic

SRP C SRP Topic Development Guided Readings

Page 11

Page 13

Page 15-16

Page 17-18

SRP 1 Project Proposal Form Page 19-20

SRP 1 Grading Rubric Page 21-22

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using Electronic Template

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReference Notes amp Citing Sources

Page 23

Page 25-30

SRP 2b Grading Rubric Page 31

SRP 3 Literature Review and References Page 33-36

SRP 3 Grading Rubric Page 37-38

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Page 39

SRP Grading Rubric Page 41

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Attachment for (1A) Page 43-44

SRP 5 Grading Rubric ISEF Forms

SRP 5 Grading Rubric Research Plan Attachment for (1A)

Page 45

Page 47

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures with Stat Analysis Plan Page 49-50

SRP 6 Grading Rubric Page 51

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Page 53-54

SRP 7 Grading Rubric Page 55

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up amp Materials

SRP 8 Grading Rubric

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data

SRP 9 Grading Rubric

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions

Page 57

Page 57

Page 59

Page 61

Page 63

Page 65-67

SRP 11 Grading Rubric

SRP 12 Abstract

Page 69-70

Page 71-72

SRP 12 Grading Rubric Page 73

SRP 13 Final Paper Page 75

SRP 13 Grading Rubric Page 77

SRP 14 Display Board Page 79

SRP 14 Grading Rubric Page 81

Appendix A Sample of Research Plan Attachment for Form 1A Page 83

Appendix B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Descriptive Statistics page 84-85

Inferential Statistics page 85-90

Examples of Statistical Data Tables page91

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative data page 92-98

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative data page 99-104

Doing Chi-Square in Excel page 105-106

Pearson R Correlation Example page 107-110

Page 84-110

Appendix C LCPS RSEF Project Categories Page 111

Appendix C Judging Criteria for the Loudoun RSEF Page 112-113

Appendix D Internet Safety Page 114

1

2

Science Research Project Process Overview

SRP Item(s)

A Science Research Project Notebook Contents

B

SRP Topic Selection Science Research Project Choosing A Topic

C SRP Topic Development (Guided Reading Activities)

1 SRP Project Proposal

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using an electronic template document

Taking Notes from ResourcesReferences amp Citing Sources

3 Literature Review amp References

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures (Experimental Design)

5 Required ISEF Forms (International Science and Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with Form 1A)

6 Final Procedures and Materials (Final Experimental Design) including a Statistical

Analysis Plan

7 Revisions to all assignments thus far and formatted correctly in the SRP Paper that was set

up with the electronic template in SRP 2a

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and Materials Any revisionsedits from SRP 7

9 Notebook Check including drafts of data tables for raw data statistical data tests and

graphsfigures

10 Final Notebook Check (refer to the rubric given with ―Science Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

11 Draft of Results and Conclusions including all data tables graphs figures amp statistical

analysis

12 Abstract (To be electronically submitted to teacher via word document)

13 Final SRP Paper (all revisions from SRP 1-11 are completed and final)

14 Display Boards

These items should be completed in Honors Earth Science Any 9th grade student taking Honors Biology or any

student who did not take Honors Earth Science the previous year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange

due dates for these items independently

Team Science Research Projects Upon approval by the teacher mentoring the students team projects are allowed to enter the RSEF providing that

both team members are either 11th or 12

th graders Two students is the maximum size of a team Team members

must understand that at the RSEF teams have additional judging criteria (see Appendix D) Additionally the team

members will equally split monetary prizes won at the RSEF The team must determine before the RSEF how to

distribute tangible prizes (ie T-shirts computers medallions etc)

3

Honors Earth Science Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock

SCIENCE RESEARCH PROJECT DUE DATES

Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade Your SRP grade

will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the effort put forth and your ability

to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Many of the due dates are established by

LCPS and cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful

weekends It is critical that these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts

Late assignments will not be accepted and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates

in your planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project

Notebook Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and

10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A

Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided

Reading Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet revised for SY 2009-2010

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples

to complete your Project Proposal Remember

this is a work in progress and revisions and

changes will be made to this assignment

several times before approval is granted by

your teacher andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper

using an electronic template

document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments

Your teacher will also provide details and

instructions in class

3 Literature Review amp

References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and

examples

4 Draft of Materials and

Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics Peer

review will be done in class as well

SRP 5 Required ISEF Forms will be completed next year in Honors Biology before you begin your research If you plan to

conduct research over the summer these forms must be completed and approved before the end of the school year

4

Page left intentionally blank

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

Page left intentionally blank

69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

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77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

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79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

Table of Contents Science Research Process Overview Page 2

Team Projects Page 2

Honors Earth Science SRP due dates Page 3

Honors Earth Science SRP due dates acknowledge form Page 5

Honors Biology SRP due dates Page 7

Independent Science Research SRP due dates Page 9

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Direct

SRP A Grading Rubric

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Choosing A Topic

SRP C SRP Topic Development Guided Readings

Page 11

Page 13

Page 15-16

Page 17-18

SRP 1 Project Proposal Form Page 19-20

SRP 1 Grading Rubric Page 21-22

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using Electronic Template

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReference Notes amp Citing Sources

Page 23

Page 25-30

SRP 2b Grading Rubric Page 31

SRP 3 Literature Review and References Page 33-36

SRP 3 Grading Rubric Page 37-38

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Page 39

SRP Grading Rubric Page 41

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Attachment for (1A) Page 43-44

SRP 5 Grading Rubric ISEF Forms

SRP 5 Grading Rubric Research Plan Attachment for (1A)

Page 45

Page 47

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures with Stat Analysis Plan Page 49-50

SRP 6 Grading Rubric Page 51

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Page 53-54

SRP 7 Grading Rubric Page 55

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up amp Materials

SRP 8 Grading Rubric

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data

SRP 9 Grading Rubric

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions

Page 57

Page 57

Page 59

Page 61

Page 63

Page 65-67

SRP 11 Grading Rubric

SRP 12 Abstract

Page 69-70

Page 71-72

SRP 12 Grading Rubric Page 73

SRP 13 Final Paper Page 75

SRP 13 Grading Rubric Page 77

SRP 14 Display Board Page 79

SRP 14 Grading Rubric Page 81

Appendix A Sample of Research Plan Attachment for Form 1A Page 83

Appendix B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Descriptive Statistics page 84-85

Inferential Statistics page 85-90

Examples of Statistical Data Tables page91

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative data page 92-98

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative data page 99-104

Doing Chi-Square in Excel page 105-106

Pearson R Correlation Example page 107-110

Page 84-110

Appendix C LCPS RSEF Project Categories Page 111

Appendix C Judging Criteria for the Loudoun RSEF Page 112-113

Appendix D Internet Safety Page 114

1

2

Science Research Project Process Overview

SRP Item(s)

A Science Research Project Notebook Contents

B

SRP Topic Selection Science Research Project Choosing A Topic

C SRP Topic Development (Guided Reading Activities)

1 SRP Project Proposal

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using an electronic template document

Taking Notes from ResourcesReferences amp Citing Sources

3 Literature Review amp References

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures (Experimental Design)

5 Required ISEF Forms (International Science and Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with Form 1A)

6 Final Procedures and Materials (Final Experimental Design) including a Statistical

Analysis Plan

7 Revisions to all assignments thus far and formatted correctly in the SRP Paper that was set

up with the electronic template in SRP 2a

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and Materials Any revisionsedits from SRP 7

9 Notebook Check including drafts of data tables for raw data statistical data tests and

graphsfigures

10 Final Notebook Check (refer to the rubric given with ―Science Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

11 Draft of Results and Conclusions including all data tables graphs figures amp statistical

analysis

12 Abstract (To be electronically submitted to teacher via word document)

13 Final SRP Paper (all revisions from SRP 1-11 are completed and final)

14 Display Boards

These items should be completed in Honors Earth Science Any 9th grade student taking Honors Biology or any

student who did not take Honors Earth Science the previous year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange

due dates for these items independently

Team Science Research Projects Upon approval by the teacher mentoring the students team projects are allowed to enter the RSEF providing that

both team members are either 11th or 12

th graders Two students is the maximum size of a team Team members

must understand that at the RSEF teams have additional judging criteria (see Appendix D) Additionally the team

members will equally split monetary prizes won at the RSEF The team must determine before the RSEF how to

distribute tangible prizes (ie T-shirts computers medallions etc)

3

Honors Earth Science Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock

SCIENCE RESEARCH PROJECT DUE DATES

Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade Your SRP grade

will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the effort put forth and your ability

to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Many of the due dates are established by

LCPS and cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful

weekends It is critical that these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts

Late assignments will not be accepted and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates

in your planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project

Notebook Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and

10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A

Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided

Reading Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet revised for SY 2009-2010

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples

to complete your Project Proposal Remember

this is a work in progress and revisions and

changes will be made to this assignment

several times before approval is granted by

your teacher andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper

using an electronic template

document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments

Your teacher will also provide details and

instructions in class

3 Literature Review amp

References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and

examples

4 Draft of Materials and

Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics Peer

review will be done in class as well

SRP 5 Required ISEF Forms will be completed next year in Honors Biology before you begin your research If you plan to

conduct research over the summer these forms must be completed and approved before the end of the school year

4

Page left intentionally blank

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

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61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

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63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

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65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

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69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

2

Science Research Project Process Overview

SRP Item(s)

A Science Research Project Notebook Contents

B

SRP Topic Selection Science Research Project Choosing A Topic

C SRP Topic Development (Guided Reading Activities)

1 SRP Project Proposal

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using an electronic template document

Taking Notes from ResourcesReferences amp Citing Sources

3 Literature Review amp References

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures (Experimental Design)

5 Required ISEF Forms (International Science and Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with Form 1A)

6 Final Procedures and Materials (Final Experimental Design) including a Statistical

Analysis Plan

7 Revisions to all assignments thus far and formatted correctly in the SRP Paper that was set

up with the electronic template in SRP 2a

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and Materials Any revisionsedits from SRP 7

9 Notebook Check including drafts of data tables for raw data statistical data tests and

graphsfigures

10 Final Notebook Check (refer to the rubric given with ―Science Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

11 Draft of Results and Conclusions including all data tables graphs figures amp statistical

analysis

12 Abstract (To be electronically submitted to teacher via word document)

13 Final SRP Paper (all revisions from SRP 1-11 are completed and final)

14 Display Boards

These items should be completed in Honors Earth Science Any 9th grade student taking Honors Biology or any

student who did not take Honors Earth Science the previous year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange

due dates for these items independently

Team Science Research Projects Upon approval by the teacher mentoring the students team projects are allowed to enter the RSEF providing that

both team members are either 11th or 12

th graders Two students is the maximum size of a team Team members

must understand that at the RSEF teams have additional judging criteria (see Appendix D) Additionally the team

members will equally split monetary prizes won at the RSEF The team must determine before the RSEF how to

distribute tangible prizes (ie T-shirts computers medallions etc)

3

Honors Earth Science Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock

SCIENCE RESEARCH PROJECT DUE DATES

Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade Your SRP grade

will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the effort put forth and your ability

to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Many of the due dates are established by

LCPS and cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful

weekends It is critical that these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts

Late assignments will not be accepted and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates

in your planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project

Notebook Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and

10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A

Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided

Reading Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet revised for SY 2009-2010

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples

to complete your Project Proposal Remember

this is a work in progress and revisions and

changes will be made to this assignment

several times before approval is granted by

your teacher andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper

using an electronic template

document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments

Your teacher will also provide details and

instructions in class

3 Literature Review amp

References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and

examples

4 Draft of Materials and

Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics Peer

review will be done in class as well

SRP 5 Required ISEF Forms will be completed next year in Honors Biology before you begin your research If you plan to

conduct research over the summer these forms must be completed and approved before the end of the school year

4

Page left intentionally blank

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

Page left intentionally blank

69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

3

Honors Earth Science Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock

SCIENCE RESEARCH PROJECT DUE DATES

Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade Your SRP grade

will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the effort put forth and your ability

to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Many of the due dates are established by

LCPS and cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful

weekends It is critical that these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts

Late assignments will not be accepted and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates

in your planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project

Notebook Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and

10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A

Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided

Reading Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet revised for SY 2009-2010

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples

to complete your Project Proposal Remember

this is a work in progress and revisions and

changes will be made to this assignment

several times before approval is granted by

your teacher andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper

using an electronic template

document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments

Your teacher will also provide details and

instructions in class

3 Literature Review amp

References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and

examples

4 Draft of Materials and

Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics Peer

review will be done in class as well

SRP 5 Required ISEF Forms will be completed next year in Honors Biology before you begin your research If you plan to

conduct research over the summer these forms must be completed and approved before the end of the school year

4

Page left intentionally blank

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

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63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

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65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

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69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

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75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

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77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

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79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

4

Page left intentionally blank

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

Page left intentionally blank

69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

5

Acknowledgement of Receipt of SRP Assignments and Due Dates for Honors Earth Science

Please have your parent read about the above due dates and sign this form below You should also sign

below

I have read about the SRP due dates and understand the importance of meeting deadlines and

communicating with my teacher about any problems with these assignments BEFORE they are due

Student name _______________________________Parent name _______________________________

Student email ______________________________ Parent email _______________________________

Parent Phone _______________________________

Signature__________________________________Signature __________________________________

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

Page left intentionally blank

69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

6

Page left intentionally blank

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

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61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

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63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

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65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

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69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

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75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

7

Honors Biology Name

SRP DUE DATES Date PeriodBlock Your Science Research Project (SRP) will be evaluated and used as a part of your science grade for the first three quarters

Your SRP grade will be determined by your understanding of the elements of science research the organization of your

research paper the effort put forth and your ability to meet project deadlines

The due dates listed below are extremely important to your success Some of the due dates are established by LCPS and

cannot be adjusted The work has been distributed evenly to avoid many late nights and stressful weekends It is critical that

these deadlines be met so that your teacher can provide timely feedback on your efforts Late assignments will not be accepted

and will result in severe grade penalties

Further information on each assignment will be provided Use this as a general guide and record all of these dates in your

planner There will be additional homework assignments but these are the deadlines of major items

SRP DUE DATE

ITEM DUE COMMENTS

A Science Research Project Notebook

Contents

See assignment sheet and rubric for directions

on how to set up your Science Research

Notebook that will be used in 9th

grade and 10th

grade Keep it neat organized and clean

B

SRP Topic Selection Science

Research Project Choosing A Topic

See assignment sheet to help you think about

ideas of interest

C

Topic Development (Guided Reading

Activities)

Your teacher will provide details and

instructions for this assignment

Teachers additional resources for this are in

the TR Booklet

1 Project Proposal

Use SRP 1 directions rubrics and examples to

complete your Project Proposal Remember this

is a work in progress and revisions and changes

will be made to this assignment several times

before approval is granted by your teacher

andor the science department

2 a

2 b

Setting up the entire SRP Paper using

an electronic template document

Taking Notes from

ResourcesReferences amp Citing

Sources

Use SRP 2 a-b directions rubrics and

examples to complete these assignments Your

teacher will also provide details and instructions

in class

3 Literature Review amp References

Typed and in proper APA format Additional

information will be provided by your teacher

Use SRP 3 directions rubrics and examples

4 Draft of Materials and Procedures

Use SRP 4 directions and rubrics

5

Required ISEF Forms (International

Science And Engineering Fair)

Research Plan Attachment (goes with

Form 1A)

Further instructions will be provided Must

follow directions exactly Use SRP 5

directions rubrics and examples

6 Final Materials amp Procedures

including a Statistical Analysis Plan

Use SRP 6 directions rubrics and examples

Teacher will discuss statistics in class prior to

this assignment due date

7 Revisions to all assignments thus To include title page table of contents problem

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

Page left intentionally blank

69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

8

far and formatted correctly in the

SRP Paper that was set up with the

electronic template in SRP 2a

statement hypothesis background materials

procedures and references (Results and

Conclusions sections will not be filled in yet)

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures Of Set-Up and materials

Any revisionsedits from SRP 7 More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 8 directions and rubric

9

Notebook Check including drafts

of data tables for raw data

statistical data and graphsfigures

Data collection in progress More information

provided by your teacher Use SRP 9

directions and rubric

10

Final Notebook Check (refer to the

rubric given with ―Science

Research Project Notebook

Contents SRP A

Data collection should be completed More

information provided by your teacher Use SRP

10 directions and rubric

11

Draft of Results and Conclusions

including all data tables

graphsfigures amp statistical analysis

More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 11 directions and rubric

12 Abstract More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 12 directions and rubric

Registration Abstracts and original paper Forms for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering

Fair are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2012

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct format

Use SRP 13 directions and rubric

14 Display Boards More information provided by your teacher

Use SRP 14 directions and rubric

Local High School Science Fair date to be announced by schoolteacher

These items should have been completed in your Honors Earth Science class last year Any 9th

grade student taking Honors

Biology or any student who did not take Honors Earth Science last year will need to meet with their teacher and arrange due

dates for these items independently

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

Page left intentionally blank

69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

Page left intentionally blank

75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

Page left intentionally blank

77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

9

INDEPENDENT SCIENCE RESEARCH ISR classes

Science Research Project (SRP) Due Dates 2010-2011

The following are suggested due dates for the completion of target assignments in the completion of a Science Research

Project The pacing reflects completion of Science Projects for exhibit in a school based fair before the Loudoun County

Regional Science Fair

There are 2 absolute due dates

November 16 2010 all forms due to the LCPS Science Office

February 28 2011 registration and abstracts are due to the science department chair

For more information about various SRP Assignments consult the LCPS Science Research Project Information

SRP A DATE B DATE ITEM DUE COMMENTS

1 Project Proposal Form Selection of topic Form will be

provided

2

5 sources with notes hypothesis

draft of experimental design and data

collection table

Additional information provided

5 Required ISEF forms (International

Science and Engineering Fair)

Will be provided Must follow

directions exactly

3 Background research and

bibliography (1000 words) Typed and in proper format

4 Draft of procedures and materials

list Peer review will be done in class

6 Final experimental design due Instructions provided

7 Paper due

To include title page table of contents

problem statement hypothesis

background materials procedures and

bibliography

No Forms are accepted for review by the Science Office and the Review Board after November 15 2011

8 Pictures of set-up revisions to paper

due More information provided

9 Notebook Check Data collection in progress

10 Final Notebook Check Data collection should be completed

11 Draft of results and conclusions Statistical analysis done Additional

information provided

12 Abstract Printed on correct form

13 Final Paper All sections completed and in correct

format

Registration and Abstracts for participants in the Loudoun Regional Science amp Engineering Fair

are due to the Science Department Chair by February 27 2011

14 Display Boards Instructions provided

Local High School Science Fair TBA

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

Page left intentionally blank

63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

Page left intentionally blank

65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

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69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

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75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

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77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

Page left intentionally blank

79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml

10

Page left intentionally blank

11

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Directions

Due date __________

Directions You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your Independent Science Research Project Your

notebook will be checked for completeness and order several times during your research Keep in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to follow all instructions carefully As a 9

th grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you for 2 years

What to turn in The notebook must be at least a 2 inch 3 ring binder with dividers (White Notebook with clear cover is suggested)

Your Name must be on the outside cover inside cover and spine (Neatly written or typed on a label)

Notebook grading rubric should be placed at the very beginning before all of the dividers and notebook sections

Please label 10 dividers with the following headings in this exact order

Final Paper- Include the final copy of your SRP paper including title page table of contents through the

References (Basically this is what you have after completing SRP 13)

Experimental Design- This should include one page with the following information This information should be

Final the exact information that you take to Fair (Basically copy and paste the following information from your

final SRP 1 andor SRP Paper and put it on one page and put this page behind the divider) This gives judges a

one page look at your experimental design

Problem

Hypothesis

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

ControlControl Group

Constants

Materials amp Procedures- This should include the final list of materials and numerical procedures (Basically the

final Materials and Procedures pages from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 6)

Results- This section should include the final revised copy of your results summary amp statistical analysis

(Basically the final results page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Conclusion- This section should include the final revised copy of your conclusion (Basically the conclusions

page(s) from your SRP Paper which is also listed as SRP 11)

Data- Include raw data tables charts graphs and statistical analyses notes work

Research Notes- Include any background information research notes and articles you collected Notes on 3x5 inch

index cards may be included here as well (if applicable) Reference information should be included with the

respective notes (Basically this is SRP 2b)

Previous Drafts- All SRP assignment drafts are to be kept here for the duration of your project

Do not remove any of your previous work or grading rubrics

ISEF Guidelines- Any ISEF instructions and class instructions are to be placed in this section

ISEF Forms- Include copies of your completed ISEF forms as well as your abstract after the completion of the

project All Human Permission Forms go in this section (if applicable) (Basically this is SRP 5 and 12)

12

Page left intentionally blank

13

SRP A SRP Notebook Contents Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Notebook Contents Rubric

You are required to maintain a separate notebook for your

Independent Science Research Project Your notebook will be checked

for completeness and order several times during your research Keep

in mind that you will be graded on your notebook setup so be sure to

follow all instructions carefully As a 9th

grader you are setting this

notebook up to be used through 10th

grade so some portions will not

be used until you enter 10th

grade and complete your project in

Biology Please take good care of this notebook as it will serve you

for 2 years This rubric will be used several times by you and your

teacher for notebook checks

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Notebook ndash at least 2 inch 3-ring binder with

10 tab dividers labeled exactly as directions indicate 5

Final Paper ndash divider labeled amp section includes final corrected

SRP paper including title page through references 10

Experimental Design ndash divider labeled amp section

Includes one page with the following Problem Hypothesis IV

DV Control group Constants ways of measurementunits

7

Materials amp Procedures ndash divider labeled amp section includes

final revised copy of materials list and numbered procedures 5

Results ndash divider labeled amp section includes final copy of results

amp statistical analysis of data 10

Conclusions ndash divider labeled amp section includes the final copy

of the conclusion 10

Data ndash divider labeled amp section includes all raw

data and statistical data (tables graphsfigures) and notes work 10

Research Notes ndash divider labeled and section

includes all References amp respective research

notes or includes at least 30 (3x5) note cards with reference

information and notes

10

Previous Drafts ndash divider labeled amp section

includes all previous SRP assignments (drafts) and rubrics 7

ISEF Guidelines ndash divider labeled amp section includes all ISEF

and class instructions

5

ISEF Formsndash divider labeled amp section includes copies of

signed amp approved forms copy of the abstract

(following project completion)

5

Name ndash studentlsquos name printed on the outside cover

spine and inside cover (neatly written or typed on label) 3

Your Grade amp Peer Grade ndashRubric columns

completed 2

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod on

Rubric hole punch amp placed before all

divider tabs prior to turning in notebook

3

On time ndash notebook presented on time 1 day late=6 2 days late=4 3 days late=2

8

Total number of points 100

14

Page left intentionally blank

15

SRP B SRP Topic Selection Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Choosing A Topic

Due date __________

Directions One factor critical to the success of all science projects is the choice of a topic This can be the most

difficult part of the project and one that must be done immediately The questions below are designed to encourage

exploration of subjects that might be of interest to you The time spent working on your project will be more

interesting if you choose a topic that you like In answering these questions try to narrow down the area or

field of science you would like to explore For example Earth Science Environmental Science Biology

Chemistry Physics Mathematics Computers Psychology MusicArt even food science Remember these

areas or fields have many many subtopics For example in Biology there is health and wellness botany

(plants) microbiology cell and molecular biology (DNAgenetics) biochemistry anatomy and physiology

ecology etc

1 What is your favorite hobby How do you spend your free time List at least five things

2 What sports interest you What sports to you participate in coach or watch

3 What is your favorite subject in school What specific topics do you like within this subject

4 What labs or activities from previous classes have you enjoyed

5 What are some of your favorite science topics

6 What TV shows andor movies have you seen lately that deal with ―science What topics were in the

show

7 What interesting books have you read on a science topic

(continued on the next page)

16

8 What magazine do you receive at your house Browse through them and look for science related topics

List them below

9 What careers have you thought about

10 To what clubs or organizations do you belong

11 Have your parents ever done or heard of an interesting research project What was it

12 List all of the people you know (even remotely) who are scientists or work in a science field What field do

they work in

13 Who is your favorite scientist What is heshe famous for

14 If you were being paid a million dollars to complete one year of actual science research what problem

would you like to look at or examine

15 What issues or problems have been in the news lately that require research to define answers

17

SRP C SRP Topic Development Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

SRP Topic Development Guided Reading Exercise Due date __________

Directions This exercise is to be done with several references (sources) BEFORE you complete SRP 1 Your

teacher will discuss the specific requirements of this assignment with you

While reading a science-related book article or journal of interest in the area in which you think you want to

experiment reflect and expand on the following questions Try to develop a researchable testable question The

following link provides access to a variety of on-line databases Refer to the end of this document for log-in codes

(Simply cut and past this link into your web browser)

httpcmsweb1loudounk12vaus5093081116406sitedefaultasp536Nav=|1158|ampNodeID=1158

1) What is the title of the book or article _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2) Who is the author _______________________________________________________________

3) Summarize what the article is about (topic) ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4) Why do you think the author wrote the article _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5) Did you like the book article or think that it was interesting _____________________________

6) Explain why you did or did not like the article ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7) Do you think others would be interested in this article topic _____________________________

8) After reading the book article think about a question(s) that may not have been answered

in the reading ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(continued on the next page)

18

9) What contradictions were there in the reading _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10) If you were the one who wrote the book article what would you have done differently

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

11) What references does the book article list for additional reading or past works

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12) Provide this articlelsquos bibliography information below in APA format ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Loudoun County Public Schools On-line Data Base Log-in Codes

Site Access Science CQ Researcher EBSCO eLibrary

Log-in

Password

Site InfoTrac net Trekker NewsBank SuperSearch

Log-in

Password

If the Google Search Engine is used select the following Google More Scholar

Note Teachers may want to use additional resources like this one located in the TR Booklet

19

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Name

Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Due date __________

Directions Complete the following sections regarding your science project proposal Model your SRP 1

assignment after this document or simply use it electronically as a template for your specific project proposal DO

NOT answer every single bullet point Use the bullet points to guide your proposal writing and simply put the

information below each heading Be sure to number your procedure list however The work is expected to be

typed in 12-sized Times New Roman font Do not include any personal pronouns in your assignment (ie I

you we my) You may not start your researchexperiment until the assignment has been graded and approved by

your teacher andor schoollsquos SRP committeeScience Department

TOPIC CATEGORY

Refer to ISEF Guidelines to determine which scientificcompetition category your project best fits

See Page 5 of the ISEF rules on the following website

o ISEF website httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefstudentsresearch_categoriesasp

TITLE

The title should describe your experiment It may be in the form of a question or a statement

Example

o How does _________ affect ___________

IV DV

o The Effect of ___________ on ______________

IV DV

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMPURPOSE

What is the question you are trying to answer or the problem you are trying to solve (this may be

similar to the title)

In addition to writing the problem give a brief description of why the problem is scientifically

significant The purpose of the experimentresearch

HYPOTHESIS

What is the prediction or guess about the outcome of the experiment

Is the prediction logical Is the hypothesis high school level No I you we

This statement should be written in future tense using an ―Ifthen or prediction format

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be changedaltered in the experiment

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

What will be measured

Include how the dependent variable will be measured and in what metric units

Helpful Hint How does __________________ affect _________________

(independent variable) (dependent variable)

20

CONTROL GROUP

What will be used as a standard for comparison The control is the standard to which all experimental

groups are compared

The control represents the ―normal situation or the condition that is typically used and not altered in

any way

CONSTANTS

What things in the testing environment will stay the ―same for all parts of your experiment

LITERATURE REVIEW

Information to include here should come from the guided reading exercises (Topic Development SRP C) as you

read related literature (sourcesreferences) about your topic to determine relevant subtopics as well as previous

research andor experiments conducted by others on your topic

Based on the above address the following so you can continue to develop your experimental design further

What topics and subtopics will be researched in the library or using on-line databases

What background information is needed to design your experiment

This may be in the form of questions that need to be researched to support the experimental problem

PROCEDURES

Using numerical steps write a general procedure for the experiment This is a work in progress You

will probably have to edit your procedure several times as you develop your experimental design

throughout 9th grade and early on in 10

th grade Do the BEST you can at this point Refer to the rubric

as well to help you

The steps need to be as specific as possible and should include all safety precautions quantities units

of measurement scientific names crucial steps that an experimenter needs to perform to correctly

(error free) conduct the experiment

Try to write the procedure as if someone was performing it for the first time

Things to remember before presenting the proposal to your teacher

1- Is the answer to your problemquestion already known

o Can the answer be found in a textbook or science article

2- Do you think this proposal idea is interesting to others

3- Can the problem be experimentally tested andor tested safely

4- Can the results be presented in metric units

5- Are the materials amp equipment readily available to you or do you need to purchase some items How

much will this cost Where will I get the items

6- Is the experiment repeatable Keep in mind that at least 15 or more trials per variablecondition will

need to be completed to make the results statistically valid

7- Can the experiment be completed in the fall or winter months If not you will need to plan ahead get

early approval from the schoolrsquos SRP committeeScience Department and begin your experiment

during the springsummer between Honors Earth Science and Honors Biology

8- You may need to follow additional teacher guidelines instructing you to get signaturessuggestions

from other teachers FOLLOW DIRECTIONS

21

SRP 1 Experimental Design Proposal Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Experimental Design Proposal Rubric

Items Required for the Project Proposal

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Grade

FormatWord Processing Requirements ndashTyped Times New Roman 12 font

ndashModel after directions or electronically use directions as a

template

6

Topic Category ndashChoose from the ISEF list of 17 categories on page 5 of the

ISEF rules Website listed on page 19 of this SRP Manual

2

Title of Project This may be changed as your project develops It

should include a description of both variables (Ex The

Relationship between the IV and the DV OR The effect of IV

on DV OR How does IV affect DV)

5

Statement of the Problem ndashType the problem using a question format

(What do you want to find out about your experimental

project)

ndashType a reason purpose about why finding the results to this

problem is scientifically significant ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the answer to the problem already known If so think about

another question

ndashIs the question interesting to others

ndashIs the question testable (Can results be measured safely in

metric units)

ndashIs equipment available can the materials be ordered easily

ndashAre the materials needed low cost ($)

ndashCan the experiment be completed in the fall next year

5

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

y n

Hypothesis (It may change throughout research processmdashfrom 9th to 10th grade)

ndashType a hypothesis in future tense using an if then format

(Ex If the rubric is followed specifically the score

will be higher) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the prediction logical

ndashIs the prediction high school level

10

~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Independent Variable (IV) ndashList the IV that the experimenter can control

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Things to remember~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ndashIs the independent variable specific

ndashCan at least 15 trails be tested per IV condition amp for the control

group for more statistically valid results

10 ~~~~~~~

y n

y n

Dependent Variable (DV) ndashList item(s) that will change amp be measured in metric units

ndashExplain how the item(s) will be measured and with what

10

Control Control Group ndash Explain the standard for comparison in the experiment amp how all

trial groups will be compared to this standard (control) group

6

Constants ndashList all the items in the experiment that will stay the same

6

22

Literature Review (remember refer to Topic Development

SRP C guided reading exercises) ndashList topics or questions that can be used to support the

experimental problemquestion hypothesis amp experimental

proceduresmaterials

ndashwhat types of previous information on your topicsub topics

needs to be readresearched

7

Procedure ndashUse numerical steps to list general procedures developing the

experiment Be as specific as possible amp include all safety

precautions and metric units

7

Your Review amp Peer Review ndash Rubric columns completed on both sides of this

sheet

2

Earth Science Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from an Earth Science teacher on

your actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher

commentssuggestions are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Biology Teacher Signature ndashObtain a signature of approval from a Biology teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

(Insert names amp room locations)

5

Specialty Teacher Signature ndash Obtain a signature of approval from a specialty teacher on your

actual proposal NOT this rubric Teacher commentssuggestions

are welcome on your paper

See your ES or Biology Teacher for recommendations of

specialty teachers

5

This Rubric include name date and blockperiod

4

On time

5

Total number of points

100

Note

1 The three teacherslsquo signatures are expected to be on your actual proposal paper not on this rubric

2 This is a working document Editing is a large part of the research process You may be asked

several times to editchange any items on your proposal and any other SRP assignments

Signatures are useful for some schools Please talk to your department about this section

23

SRP 2a Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document Name

Due date __________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Setting up the SRP Paper using an Electronic Template Document

Dear Student andor Parent

The SRP Paper from start to finish is a continuous flowing document and additions and edits are made

to this document throughout the project in 9th

and 10th

grade

Your teacher can provide you with an electronic template to help you set up your SRP Paper document

You can model your SRP Paper document after this example or simply use the electronic version as your

template which is HIGHLY suggested

Your SRP Paper document is a work in progress and each SRP assignment builds on the next and is

placed in this continuous document You will not (for the most part) have single documents for each SRP

assignment they will mostly be placed into this document

For example SRP 3 Literature Review is placed on the appropriate pages of the document template

and saved Then SRP 4 Materials and Procedures are placed on the appropriate pages of the

document template and saved SRP 6 a revision and final copy of the materials and procedures is

simply asking you to revise within the document and savehellipSRP 6 is not separate from SRP 4hellipit is

simply a revision of 4 within the same document Likewise SRP 7 is a revision of all SRP assignments

done thus farhelliphelliphellipso open your continuous document you have been working on and make sure all

editsrevisions are complete and saved If you do not understand this please see your teacher

immediately

How to use the electronic template to set up your continuous SRP Paper Document

1 Open up the SRP Paper template document that your teacher gave to you

2 Save this document using SAVE AS in the following manner

your first name your last name SRPpapertemplatedoc

Ex JohnSmithSRPpapertemplatedoc

3 Make sure the margins are still 1 inch on all sides and that there are page numbers in the upper right corner

except for page 1 If there is a page number on page 1 go to insert page numbers and Deselect page 1 so it

does not show on your document Page 1 should be the title page and you do not want a page number on it

So page 2 should be the Table of Contents and it should have a 2 in the upper right hand corner

4 If you followed the directions above (1-3) then your SRP Paper document will be very easy to maintain

and edit because all the formatting has been done for you Now you just have to fill in the pages with the

required information This is where all the SRP assignments come in Each assignment will tell you how

to fill in the pages of this continuous SRP document SRP A B C D 1 2a 2b 3 4 will be done in 9th

grade (Honors Earth Science) and 5-14 will be done in 10th grade (Honors Biology) If you did not take

Honors Earth Science then ALL assignments will be done in Honors Biology (9th or 10

th graders)

24

Page left intentionally blank

25

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Taking Research Notes (Part I) and Citing SourcesReferences (Part II) Due date __________

Directions Part I

The following list contains directions and HintsTips for Taking Notes from your SourcesReferences (ie

the Literature that you are reviewingreading and MAY use in your Literature Review section of your SRP

Paper) A note-card method has been used in previous years and may still be used however this method

is more up to date and can be done electronically

All of your notes from readingreviewing related literature (referencessources) should be recorded

in the following manner

1 All notes are to be typed using the Resource Information Sheet as a guide (See pages 29-30)

2 All notes need to be a summary of what is found in each sourcereference These notes may range from a

paragraph to several pages The idea is to summarize as much relevant information as possible for each source

3 Some sources may repeat information that has already been read and summarized continue to repeat writing the

information Information that is repeated in several sources can be considered to be very reliable In your Literature

Review section of your SRP Paper you will mention that the same findings were found in several sources and you

can list those sources because you have taken proper notes denoting this

4 Things to look for while taking notes on each of your sources

Previous research done within your topic or sub-topics

What is already known about the area or field of research within your topicsub-topics

Define unfamiliar terms that are relevant to your experiment

Explain unique procedures that might be required in your experiment

See how your projectexperiment relates to or expands on previous research

5 Do not copy statements down word for word Summarize ideas and record facts that are relevant to your

topicsub topic and experiment

6 If you are taking a direct quote from a source be sure to copy it exactly and place it within quotation marks so

that you will remember that it was a direct quote

7 A minimum of 10 sources (references) needs to be used and mentioned (cited) in your Literature Review section

of the SRP Paper So initially taking information from MORE THAN 10 sources is best in case you donlsquot use

some information Remember 10 sources is the MINIMUM

8 What are valid scientific sources (references)

Authorlsquos name and publish date is readily apparent

Only one specialized encyclopedia can be used

Journal articles found in scientific magazines Use the database information provided through Loudoun

County Public Schools as a resource (website and passwords listed on SRP C)

Source is recent or no more than 9 years old

Some examples of invalid sources are Google Askjeevescom Wikipedia and general encyclopedias such a

Americana You may use wikilsquos as a starting point but you need to follow their links and referenceshellipyou cannot

simply cite wikilsquos as a primary source (continued on next page)

26

9 Numerically catalog each summary and source (1-10) For example the first sourcereference you look at and

take notes from will be 1 the second will be 2 and so on This way if you have multiple pages of notes or

multiple note cards you donlsquot have to write the source info again just simply put 1 or 2 etc

10 Suggestions for gathering information from sources other than printed or web sources

Contact manufacturers of products involved in your research Manufacturers are listed in the

Consumer Resource Handbook in your schoollsquos library or science department

Contact associations of people interested in your topic The Encyclopedia of Associations in the

school library lists them by topic

Call CountyStateFederal government agencies of offices Phone numbers for most offices are in

the blue pages of the phone book Ask them to send you any information they might have on your

subject or if they can put you in touch with someone else

E-mail faculty members at local colleges and universities to ask for advice and information

Directions Part II

All assignments throughout the year are to include a proper references page (previously called

Bibliography) using the APA documentation style Below are the guidelines you should follow and

examples of how to write references

All citations within the text and reference entries are to follow the form given in The Publication Manual of the

American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition)

The following Internet sites will also be helpful

httpowlenglishpurdueedu

httpwwwliueducwiscwplibraryworkshopcitationhtm

httpwwwcrkumnedulibrarylinksapa5thhtm

httpwwwdocstylescomapacribhtm

Use the following rules and examples to help you

Rules for Referencing Books 1 last name first alphabetized by first letter

2 first initial followed by a period

3 double space then date of publication in parentheses then period and double space

4 complete title and subtitle (if there is one) italicized with only the first letter of each part capitalized

5 title and subtitle separated by colon and one space

6 period and double space after title

7 place of publication colon one space name of publisher period

Examples of Referencing Books

Book by One Author

Sheehy G (1988) Character Americarsquos search for leadership New York Morrow

Book by two or More Authors

Lakoff G amp Johnson M (1980) Metaphors we live by Chicago University of Chicago

Press

27

Rules for Referencing Journal Articles Note Pay attention to the features of this basic reference to a journal

1 last name and initial as for a book reference

2 year of publication

3 title of article in lowercase except for first word title not underlined or in quotes

4 title of journal in italics

5 volume number in italics issue number (if there is one) in parentheses and italics followed by comma

6 page numbers followed by period

Examples of Referencing Journal Articles or Articles within Encyclopedias

Journal Article One Author

Sterk H (1985) The metamorphosis of Marilyn Monroe The Central States Speech Journal 36 (4)

294-304

Journal Article Two Authors

James P amp Goldstraub J (1988) Terrorism and the breakdown of international order The corporate

dimension Conflict Quarterly 8 89-98

Encyclopedia Article Signed

Kaelunohonoke J (1971) Hula Encyclopedia Americana 45-46

Encyclopedia Article unsigned

Georgetown (1974) Encyclopedia Britannica Micropaedia 123-125 21

Rules for Referencing Internet and Electronic Sources

Citing of Internet sources is not yet completely set forth At the very least when you cite an online source you must

include the URL and entire address

World Wide Web Rule

Author Title of item [Online] Available httpaddressfilename date of document or download

Examples of Internet and Electronic References

Document on a University Website

Chou L McClintock R Moretti F amp Nix DH (1993) Technology and education New wine in new bottles

Choosing pasts and imagining educational futures Retrieved August 24 2000 from Columbia University

Institute for Learning Technologies Web site httpwwwiltcolumbiaedupublicationspapers

Newwine1html

Electronic copy of a journal article (several authors) retrieved from a database

Borman WC Hanson MA Oppler SH Pulakos ED amp White LA (1993) Role of early supervisory

Experience in supervisor performance Journal of Applied Psychology 78 443-449 Retrieved October 23

2000 from PsycARTICLES database

Daily newspaper article electronic version available by search

Hilts PJ (1999 February 16) In forecasting their emotions most people flunk out New York Times Retrieved

November 21 2000 from httpwwwnytimescom

CD-ROM

Miller ME (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version 40) [Computer software] Westminster CA Psytek Services

Rules for Parenthetical Citations Parenthetical citations occur within the text of the SRP Paper (mostly in the Literature Review section and some in the results

and conclusions sections) They are used to reference or ―cite information that is not common knowledge The authorlsquos last

name and date of the source complete the reference

Examples of Citations used within the text

The construction industry is dependent upon aluminum which is light but strong (Miller 1993)

For Wilson and Wallace ―science is the only true art form as it calls for unrestrained creativity (1992)

28

Page left intentionally blank

29

SRP 2b Taking ResearchReferenceResource Notes Name

amp Citing Sources Date PeriodBlock

Resource Information Sheet for Research Note-Taking

Directions Use this template to take research notes instead of using note-cards The following

template is to be used with SRP 2b on pages 25-27 Type the information applicable to your source

(some criteria may not be available) Model this format or use this document as an electronic template

for all of your notes for each source

For each PRINTED source please do the following

PRINTED SOURCE = Book ―Full Text PDF Journal Pamphlet Periodical

Specialty Encyclopedia (only allowed to use one)

Information needed for EACH PRINTED source

Source ______________

Title of Source

Article Title within Source

Page Number(s) information is found

Author(s) or Editor(s)

Publisher

Place of Publication (City State Country)

Publishing or Copyright Date

Volume Edition

Article Date (for journals) ____ Volume _____ Issue _____

Article Date (for newspapers) _____ Edition Section Page _____

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

(continues on next page)

30

Directions For each WEB source please do the following

WEB SOURCE = articles in Online Databases Internet Publications

Prohibited web sources are Ask Jeeves Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopedia Britannica Wikipedia

World Book You may use Wikilsquos to get started but follow their sources for your information do not cite

or reference Wikipedia as a primary source

Information needed for EACH WEB source

Source ______________

Web Address URL

Web Page Article Journal Title

Website Title

Database Name (ie InfoTrac etc)

Online Service (ie Google)

Author(s)

Organization (corporate site)

Date the page site was created or revised

Date (you) accessed the information

Volume ___ and Issue ___ (for online journals)

Typed notes found in resource

Create an APA bibliography entry use the Landmark Citation Machine at

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56007

31

SRP 2b Taking Research Notes and Citing References Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock Science Research Project

Research Notes and CitationReferences Rubric

Items Required amp Limitations

Must be typed on Resource Information Sheet (page 29-30) or on

note-cards

ndash At least 10 different valid scientific sources with reference

information

ndash All sources must have an author published date and checked

for validity

ndash Sources recently published no older than 9 years

ndash Only 1 specialized encyclopedia may be used

Googlecom Ask Jeeves Wikipedia amp general

encyclopedias (ex Americana Britannica amp World

Book) are invalid

ndash Each source must have summarized notes typed beneath its

reference

ndash Number each different source

ndash Beneath each set of notes create an APA Reference Entry

Possible

Points

100

Your

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

ReferencesSourcesLiterature Reviewmdash ---------- -------- -------- ---------

Source 1 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 2 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 3 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 4 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 5 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 6 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 7 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 8 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 9 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

Source 10 (Source Info notes APA Reference entry) 3 pts 3 pts 3 pts

9

All typed using Resource Information Sheet as a guide

mdash secured in the Research Notes section of SRP notebook

1

This Rubric ndash include name date and blockperiod 2

Your Review amp Peer Review

ndash Rubric columns completed

2

On time 5

Total number of points 100

32

Page left intentionally blank

33

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of the SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions This section can be called Literature Review Background Information Background Research or

Introduction Basically you have already gathered reviewed and taken notes on a lot of literature

(sourcesreferences) on your topic Now you need to put together a ldquoreviewrdquo or summary of all the information

making sure to use information that pertains to your specific experimentproject This will be typed on the

appropriate pages of your continuous SRP Paper Document that you set up in SRP 2a It should have at least

1000 words and includes three major components

1 Introduction of your topic (refer to notes from SRP 2b) 1

st and possibly 2

nd paragraph of the Lit Review section of your SRP Paper document

Introduces the topic and motivates the reader to care about this problem

The introductory paragraph(s) should very generally describe what your paper will discuss and should end in a very

specific thesis statement (main idea)

Introduction should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

2 Supporting Paragraphs (refer to notes from SRP 2b)

After the introduction paragraph(s)hellipthese are your ―body or supporting paragraphs Describe what is known about the problem by citing previous research (methods results) in the field

Examine the problem and select relevant sub-problems to discuss Each sub problem is a paragraph

You may want to use the box method to help you organize your paragraphs before you write See diagram below

Supporting Paragraphs should be about frac12 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

―Box Method of organizing the supporting paragraphs

Get some 3 x 5 inch index cards

On each card write a sub-topic that needs to be included in the body portion of the

paper This may be something discovered during note-taking while reading literature

in SRP 2 or a part of the experimental design Each of these ―sub-topics represents a

part or paragraph of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Once all of the important sub-topics have been written on cards organize the cards in a

way that logically ―flows Each of these cards can represent one or more supporting

paragraphs

Remember that each paragraph needs to flow into the next so transition sentences and

phrases need to be used

Introduction

amp thesis (Paragraph

1 and possibly 2 of

the Literature

Review section of

the SRP Paper)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 1

(Paragraph 3)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 2

(Paragraph 4)

Previous Knowledge-

sub-topic 3

(Paragraph 5)

Continue until you have

covered all relevant info in

the literature you have

read and the notes that you

have taken (SRP 2)

Last Paragraph should be

a brief description of your

experiment

34

3 Brief description of your experiment (Refer to SRP 1)

The last paragraph in your Lit Review section of your SRP Paper should briefly describe your

experiment

Summarize your approach including the purpose statement of the problem hypothesis IV DV

control group most important constants and a brief description of your procedure Do not just

copy and paste your entire procedure for this paragraph

Avoid first do this and then do thishelliplsquo

Include how your project differs from previous research

This Paragraph should be about frac14 of the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper

Pictorial Version of 1-3 above

One paragraph

summarizing

your approach

The most general information for your topic goes first

Information more specific to your experiment next

previous research specific to your topic

35

General formatting

If you set up your SRP Paper using the template most formatting will already be done for you

You will be graded on formatting as well as content

1 margins all around

Times New Roman font double-spaced 12 pt size of font

Write in passive voice ―Distilled water was added hellip instead of ―I added distilled water hellip

No repeat no personal pronouns ndash I we my you etc

Write out numbers such as ―three studies but not ―5 mL

No contractions such as canlsquot wonlsquot etc

Spell out all abbreviations the first time you use them ie Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Write scientific names correctly ie Canis lupis or Canis lupis

Indent paragraphs 5 spaces Use correct paragraph construction (topic sentences supporting statements

closing statement)

Use statements instead of questions

Proof read Spellcheck cant fined awl airers

If you need help be sure to see your teacher before the due date

Citations

Save all citations now as you are writing the Literature Review Section of your SRP Paper

Everything in the literature review section must be cited to avoid being accused of plagiarism

Citation and reference format is in APA (American Psychology Association) format newest edition The

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition) available in your classroom

or library

Everything must be referenced (cited) by last name of author and year of publication place in parentheses in

a format called parenthetical citations (additional directions are located in SRP 2b)

One author (Jones 2008)

Two authors (Watson and Crick 2001)

More than two authors (Kernis Cornell Sun Berry amp Harlow 2007) then use (Kernis et al

2007) for later citations

In text ―Chaudry (2008) studied the effects of

References

An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

You can also refer back to SRP 2b

You need at least 10 sources You can read encyclopedias and wikilsquos to learn about your topic but these

are not acceptable for scientific references o No general encyclopedias (ie World Book Britannica Americana etc)

o No wikilsquos (ie Wikipedia) although you can follow their links to other sources

o No more than one specialty encyclopedia (Ex Encyclopedia of Solar Technology)

o No more than 3 Internet sources

o Scientific journal articles that are retrieved on line are not considered Internet sources and can be used

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

(continued on next page)

36

Use APA style List alphabetically by authorlsquos last name The following are examples from the APA

website Do not include the reference type listed before each example

REFERENCES

Journal article

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-

student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing transition and

transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

37

SRP 3 Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Writing the Literature Review Section of SRP Paper Rubric

This portion of the SRP Paper includes the LITERATURE REVIEW

written in at least 1000 words with Citations in APA format and a

separate REFRENCE page completed in APA format Leave three

single spaces below the headings LITERATURE REVIEW and

REFERENCES

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format 10 pts Possible USE SRP PAPER TEMPLATE TO ALEVIATE FORMATTING

PROBLEMS (this was set up in SRP 2a)

------- -------- -------- ---------

Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

1 inch margins all around

page included on the upper right corner as a header

12 font size Times New Roman

double spaced

use italics for special scientific names only

No BOLD anywhere in the paper

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

7

Headings

center

underline

use all caps

Example LITERATURE REVIEW

REFERENCES

(each bullet

point is

worth 1 pt)

3

Content of Literature Review 60 points possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

introduction to the research topic

what is known about the topic

previous researchexperiments about the topic

define unfamiliar terms

overall content in Literature Review is applicable to own

project

brief description of own project (problem question

hypothesis IV DV control group most important

constants)

how own project expands on andor differs from previous

researchexperiments

any unique procedures in your project

embedded citations where needed following a statement

or paragraph

use APA format w (Authorlsquos last name Date)

all 10 scientifically valid sources in references should be

cited in the paper

Correct number of words (1000 minimum)

(each bullet

point is

worth 5 pts)

60

References 10 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

10 different sources (minimum)

5

Correct APA format

5

Continued on Following Page

38

GrammarMechanics 10 pts possible

Correct Spelling use of grammar amp punctuation

proper use of scientific terms 10

Rubric Requirements 12 pts possible ------- -------- -------- ---------

This Rubric ndash

name

date

periodblock

3

Self Review Grade

Peer Review Grade

4

On time 5

Total number of points 100

Dear Student

The following are teachers to see for suggestions andor assistance for your topic idea

Subject Teacher Room Important Information Biology Science teachers may also be found in the

workroom (room _____) Some better

times to meet with them may be before school

after school or during their planning period

Please make an appointment to meet with

one of these science teachers to help guide

you on your journey to develop your research

topic but be respectful not to interrupt a

class when they are teaching Skipping any of

your classes to meet with them is prohibited

The teachers are not expected to provide a

topic for you nor will they do the research

andor experiment for you They usually

make suggestions to enhance the quality and

validity of the topic idea so it is high school

level or above

Chemistry

Earth Science

Environmental

Science

Physics

Music

Art

Psychology

Food Science

Other

39

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill in the appropriate pages for

materials and procedure using the guidelines below and information you have already typed in SRP 1

This is a DRAFT and will be edited several times as you do more research and actually perform the

experiment SAVE your work after every edit session

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedures should be written in the following format and should include all of

the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

Each section should be labeled with a heading The heading should be written in all caps and

underlined Triple space below each heading Each section should be on a separate page No bold letters

should be anywhere on the materials or procedure pages of your document

40

Page left intentionally blank

41

SRP 4 Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Draft of Materials amp Procedures Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and fill

in the appropriate pages for materials and procedures

using the guidelines on page 39 and information you

have already typed in SRP 1 This is a DRAFT and

will be edited several times as you do more research and

actually perform the experiment SAVE your work after

every edit session

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

35 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each item listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

PROCEDURE

63 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 7 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times

New Roman for both sections

2 pts

Total number of points 100

42

Page left intentionally blank

43

SRP 5 ISEF Forms and Research Plan Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms and Research Plan Due date __________

Rules Guidelines Rules Wizard and Forms Overview can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisef

The Intel ISEF Rules Wizard asks a series of questions about your planned project and will provide a list of forms

that you need to complete

The required forms can be found at

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

All Forms must be completed in Blue ink if hand written or typed on the computer and signed dated in Blue ink

1 All students must complete the following forms 1 1A 1B Research Plan Attachment

Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form (1)

Student Checklist (1A)

Research Plan (You type this out using the template in Appendix A on page 83 also see rubric on 47)

Approval Form (1B)

2 The Research Plan should be typed and attached to the Student Checklist (1A) it includes the following

(See Appendix A page 83 for an electronic template that you can just fill out See rubric on page 47)

Statement of the Problem Question being addressed

Hypothesis OR Engineering Goals (if applicable)

Procedures amp Data Analysisndash Detail all procedures and experimental design used for data collection and

describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data (include statisticalmathematical tests) that answers

the research question or hypothesis

Human research must include risk statement and copies of surveys if used

For vertebrate animal research you must briefly discuss POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES and present a detailed

justification for use of vertebrate animals

References

At least 10 major references from your library research (Note that ISEF specify at least 5 references LCPS

specifies 10)

Animal Care plan if animals are used in the research including an animal care reference

3 Areas of Research involving Human Subjects Vertebrate Animals Potentially Hazardous Biological

Agents and Hazardous Chemicals Activities amp Devices have specific requirements that are to be included in

the Research Plan Refer to the Research Plan description on page 31 of the Forms document

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

Students completing a project in the areas listed must also complete additional forms

Human Subjects Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

4 ndashHuman Subjects Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

Copies of Surveys (if used)

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside of the school setting)

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

44

Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and 1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form if applicable

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

5A ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a non-regulated site)

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a regulated research institution)

Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and (previously

classified as pathogenic and potentially pathogenic agents recombinant DNA and human and vertebrate

animal tissues)

3 ndash Risk Assessment if applicable

6A ndash PHBA Risk Assessment Form

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Tissue Form - for all studies involving body fluids

and tissues

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form ndash if applicable

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

Hazardous Chemicals Activities or Devices Required forms 1 1A Research Plan 1B and

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

(if you are working in a lab outside school setting)

4 The following forms require signatures BEFORE they can be submitted to the SRCIRB

review committees

1 ndash Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) signature

1B ndash Approval Form

requires Teacher (as Adult Sponsor) Student and Parent signatures

1C ndash Registered Research InstitutionalIndustrial Setting Form

requires supervising Scientist signature after research is

complete

2 ndash Qualified Scientist Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature

3 ndash Risk Assessment Form

requires Qualified Scientist signature or Designated Supervisor 4 ndash Human Subject Form

requires Teacher signature

requires School Administrator Form

LCPS Informed Consent Form

requires Adult Sponsor signature

5A ndashVertebrate Animal Form (research at a Non-Regulated Research site)

may require Veterinarian and Designated Supervisor signatures

5B ndash Vertebrate Animal Form (research at a Regulated Research Institution)

form completed by Qualified Scientist or Principal Investigator 6AmdashPotentially Hazardous Biological Agents Risk Assessment Form

requires Certifying Authority or Qualified Scientist signature

6B ndash Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form

45

SRP 5 ISEF Forms Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Forms Rubric

ISEF Forms are professional legal documents and ALL instructions

MUST be followed accurately and completely See your teacher with

any questions BEFORE the forms are due Deadlines are CRUCIAL on

this SRP assignment

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Overall Submission all papers clipped together in order with

rubric no directions included not stapled research plan

attachment behind Form 1A

20

Forms format

All forms either neatly written in Blue ink OR typed

on the computer

Note All signatures and signature dates must be in Blue

ink

no crossing-out white-out or stray marks

10

Form (1) Checklist for Adult SponsorSafety Assessment

Form

complete neat accurate

15

Form (1A) Student checklist

complete neat accurate

15

Research Plan

placed after Form (1A)

For grading on the Research Plan see additional rubric

on page 47

5

Form (1B) Approval Form

complete neat accurate

parentlsquos signature

signatures and signature dates in BLUE ink

20

Supplementary Forms

all other required forms complete neat accurate signed

in BLUE

Forms in order

5

On time and with this rubric (name date blockperiod)

10

Total number of points

100

Comments Re-do forms (1) (1A) (1B) none

Need to edit Research Plan Yes No See Research Plan Rubric

Need forms (1C) (2) (3) (4) (5A) (5B) (6A) (6B) none

Resubmit entire SRP 5 Yes No

46

Page left intentionally blank

47

SRP 5 ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

ISEF Research Plan Attachment Rubric

Use the template in appendix B page 83 of this SRP Student

Manual to create your Research Plan that goes behind Form 1A

Most of the items will come from SRP 1 and 3hellipso just copy

and paste into the Research Plan Attachment template on page 83

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire Research Plan will have

Times New Roman 12 pt font third person no personal

pronouns (I we me my you)

1 margins all around single-spaced

(Use template on page 83it is already formatted for you)

5

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED not bold

1 space before and after heading

5

Statement of the Problem

statement adequately introduces the scientific issue

question is specific and in the form of a question

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

8 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

Hypothesis

If (IV) then (DV)

Includes all IV conditions

testable and repeatable

specificclear

16 (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

Procedures

numbered each step a new number

does not say to gather materials

safety equipment included

specific equipment chemicals used

specific conditions measurements statistical analysis

plan included

well-written

scientific language used and denoted correctly

all steps completecleareasy to follow

control group identified

constants and uniform conditions described

20 (each bullet

point is

worth 2 pts)

References

at least 10 sources

Correct APA style

20

Previous revisions completed (if applicable) 6

Includes this rubric with name date blockperiod 5

On time 15

Total number of points 100

Comments See comments written on your Research Plan Paper

You need to include an Animal Care Plan or Human Risk Assessmenthellipsee SRP 5 (page 43 2 and 3)

48

Page left intentionally blank

49

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Name (Final Experimental Design) Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Experimental Design Statistical Analysis Plan

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to your materials page

and procedures page Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines below In addition to making these final edits please also include a

procedure for how you will statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines below in 3 Your

teacher should have already discussed statistics with you Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis

are located on page 50 and in appendix B

1 MATERIALS your materials list should be in the following format and should include all of the

items listed below

do not number items

size and number of each item listed

specific names andor scientific names included

all measurements in metric units

heading capitalized centered underlined 10 or 12 font

all words spelled correctly

2 PROCEDURES your procedure should be written in the following format and should include all

of the items listed below

numbered steps

each action written as a different step (ex 1 Fill 100 mL beaker with 25 mL of H2O2 2 Measure

25 mL of catalase into a 50 mL graduated cylinder 3 Pour the 25 mL of H2O2 into the beaker)

Do not write in paragraph form

Write your procedure so that another student or researcher could reproduce your experiment

exactly

Procedure steps include all equipment used in the experimental set-up

Procedure steps include an exact description of how measurements will be taken

Do not write your procedure in 1st person (no I We You)

Include enough repeated trials in your procedure this will depend on your particular experiment

more is better (15 trials is the bare minimum)

Identify a control

Describe constants and plan for uniform conditions for all trials

Heading capitalized centered underlined 12 font

All words spelled correctly

3 Statistical Analysis Plan You need to include in your procedures a section that includes the

following (see pages 50 and appendix B for help and hints) (You may also see your science teacher or a math

teacher for help with statistics)

Type(s) of data you are collecting (Qualitative OR Quantitative OR Both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc) (continued on next page)

50

Statistical Analysis

When you are planning your procedure you need to think about what statistical analysis test (s) you plan on doing

with your data You need to be certain you are collecting appropriate data that will satisfy a statistical analysis of

your experimental results Without statistical analysis of your data your results are not scientifically sound or valid

and you cannot support or refute your hypothesis with a level of significance

Types of DataLevel of Measurement

You need to consider the type(s) of data you have in your experiment To determine the type see below

Qualitative data are placed into categories that may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It

can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL

DATA

objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale yesno or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked

(Mohrsquos hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

Quantitative data consists of numbers representing counts or measurements made using a scale with equal intervals

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL

DATA

using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero

(temp change pH)

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and

you want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

This is used with quantitative data

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or

other simple categories such as quadrants This is used with qualitative data

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or

object relates to the values of another event or object This is used with quantitative data

4 ANOVA An ANOVA is an analysis of testing the equality of three or more

Population means of analyzing sample variances This is used with quantitative data

Note there are more types of statistical tests that may work better for your data collection See your science

teacher or a math teacher that teaches statistics for help

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

ANOVA

Chi- Square (x2)

Appendix B has several directions hints tips and examples of statistical analysis tables how to use

the TI calculators and excel software

51

SRP 6 Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Final Materials amp Procedures Statistical Analysis Plan Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits

to your materials page and procedures page Be sure that all

suggestions from your teacherpeers have been completed and that

you have followed the guidelines on page 49 In addition to making

these final edits please also include a procedure for how you will

statistically analyze your dataresults See guidelines on page 50

3 Your teacher should have already discussed statistics with you

Helpful hints and tips on statistical analysis are located on page 50

and in Appendix B

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

MATERIALS

24 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Items not numbered

Size and number of each items listed

Specific names andor scientific names used

Measurements in Metric Units

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

PROCEDURES

40 pts (each bullet

point is

worth 4 pts)

-------- -------- ---------

Numbered steps Each action a different step

Can be reproduced

Specific equipment listed in steps

Description of measurementmetric units

Written in 3rd

Person (no I we my you)

Repeated trials (minimum 15 trials per

variablecondition)

Control group included and described

Constants and uniform conditions described

Correct SpellingGrammar

Headings in caps underlined 12 font Times New

Roman

Statistical Analysis Plan

Type(s) of data (qualitative quantitative both)

Level of Measurement (nominal ordinal ratio

interval)

Statistical Tests you plan to use (t-test chi-

square Pearson R correlation ANOVA etc)

Put this in the procedures usually at the end

36 pts (each bullet

point is

worth

12 pts)

Total number of points 100

52

Page left intentionally blank

53

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Edits to SRP Paper

Due date __________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final edits to all sections except

for the Results and Conclusions pages Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines below

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure your page numbers are correct If you

have made any major changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis literature review

materials procedures or references since you last visited your document make sure those major changes

are reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Title Page

Table of Contents

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Literature Review

Materials

Procedures

Results (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

Conclusions (this section will be empty until experimentation is complete)

References

Paper Format (this should already be formatted for you if you have been using the SRP Paper template document)

1 Typed on 8 frac12 x 11 paper

2 Font size should be 12 Times New Roman

3 Margins = 1 on all sides

4 Page numbers go in the upper right hand corner (1 from the top) No page number on the first page (first page is

considered to be the Title Page so your table of contents page should be page 2)

5 Center and underline headings [ Ex STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ] Triple space after headings

6 Each section should start on a new page

Contents of Paper

1 Title Page

Title is placed 3 inches from the top and is written in ALL CAPS If it is more than one line it should be

double-spaced and the first line should be the longest (This formatting has already been set up in the electronic

template)

Most titles should start with the words The Relationship Betweenhellip or ―The EffectAffect ofhelliphellip

Two inches below the title the word by is centered and then

Your Name

Honors Science

Teacherlsquos Name

Current Date

54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

includes all your headings and page number

does not include ABSTRACT

underline heading [ Ex TABLE OF CONTENTS ]

use periods between item and page number

(This formatting has already been set up in the electronic template)

Example -

Statement of the Problemhellip3

Hypothesishelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4

Literature Reviewhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5

Materialshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9

Procedureshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10

Resultshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip13

Conclusionhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip15

Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip17

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Make sure this is in the form of a question

4 HYPOTHESIS State your educated guess (your prediction) as to the outcome of the experiment

(No I We) IfThen statement or prediction

5 LITERATURE REVIEW Make all revisions indicated by your teacher peers on your first draft all previous papers

and grade sheets

6 MATERIALS

List all the materials used

Example - 3 500 ml glass beakers

7 PROCEDURES List the steps to conduct your experiment so that another person could duplicate it

The steps must be numbered

8 RESULTS This section will be blank until you actually have results This section is to also include all tables charts graphs

(figures) and statistical analysis

9 CONCLUSIONS This section will be blank until you have analyzed your results and performed statistical analysis You should be referring

back to your Literature Review in your conclusion

10 REFERENCES All sources used and cited within the literature review section should be included in an alphabetical listing In your final

paper you must have 10 SOURCES

55

SRP 7 Edits to SRP Paper Rubric Name

Due Date ____________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Edits to SRP Paper Rubric

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and make final

edits to all sections except for the Results and Conclusions pages

Be sure that all suggestions from your teacherpeers have been

completed and that you have followed the guidelines on

pages 53-54

Pay close attention to the Table of Contents page and make sure

your page numbers are correct If you have made any major

changes to your title statement of the problem hypothesis

literature review materials procedures or references since you

last visited your document make sure those major changes are

reflected when you turn in this version of your SRP Paper

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Formatting The entire paper will have

New Times roman 12 pt third person

1 margins all around double-spaced

page lsquos in upper right corner

ltINSERTgt ltPAGElsquoSgt deselect first page

6

Headings ALL CAPS UNDERLINED CENTERED

not bold 3 spaces after heading

Each heading a new page

6

Title page

Title 3 from top ALL CAPS centered

2 from title by Your Name Honors Science Teacherlsquos

Name Current Date

9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

all headings and page numbers listed

page numbers correct

10

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

all pervious revisions completed

5

HYPOTHESIS

all pervious revisions completed

10

LITERATURE REVIEW

all pervious revisions completed

10

MATERIALS

all pervious revisions completed

6

PROCEDURES

all pervious revisions completed

10

RESULTS

page will be blank except for heading

2

CONCLUSIONS

page will be blank except for heading

2

REFERENCES

10 sources

alphabetical by authorlsquos last name

correct APA style

9

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

56

Page left intentionally blank

57

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make you set up your experiment and think about all of

the things you will need to run the experiment This may include equipment solutions disposables

labeling supplies a place to conduct the experiment and anything else you might need

What to turn in

1 At least five photographs (not pictures from the web) of your set-up and materials

2 Captions for each photograph describing what the picture is showing

3 Citations for each photograph naming the person who took the photo (One caption for all is

acceptable if one person took all of the photos)

Example Photograph taken by John Smith

All photographs taken by John Smith

Note This assignment is not designed to be turned in electronically It takes too long for teachers to download all

pictures from each student If your teacher requires you to turn in SRP assignments electronically this one is an

exception and should be turned in as a hard copy on the due date with the rubric below

=========================================================================================

SRP 8 Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Pictures of Set-Up and Materials Rubric

SRP 8 Grading Rubric Pictures of set-up and materials

Criterion

Points

Possible

30

Self

Review

Peer

Review

Teacher

Review

Pictures ndash at least 5 clear pictures of set-up

materials

10

Captions ndash clearly describe each picture

5

Citations ndash Citations for each picture

5

On time with this rubric (name date

periodblock)

10

Total number of points

30

58

Page left intentionally blank

59

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Notebook Check Draft of Data

Due date __________

Directions This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up with your notebook

and that it is neat and complete This is a ―check and your teacher will make suggestionscomments

about what you need to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised correct tables charts and graphsfigures for

your data collection and statistical analysis plan

What to turn in

1 Your SRP Notebook (make sure you meet all requirements as laid out in the Notebook Contents

and Notebook Rubric on pages 11-13

2 Behind the Data section in your notebook please include DRAFT copies of all tablescharts

graphsfigures including statistical analysis plan

Note See guidelines below for explanations about Tables and Graphs as well as examples in

Appendix B

TABLES Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (see examples in

Appendix B)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results section of your

SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results section of the SRP Paper and on

your Display Board (Again see Appendix B for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages) for each variable

or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis Label

axes with names and units Include a key

Titles go below the graph typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on loose leaf

paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in Appendix B)

60

Page left intentionally blank

61

SRP 9 Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric Name

Due Date ________ Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project

Notebook Check Draft of Data Rubric

This SRP assignment is designed to make sure you have been keeping up

with your notebook and that it is neat and complete This is a ldquocheckrdquo

and your teacher will make suggestionscomments about what you need

to do to get your notebook ready for your final notebook check (which is

SRP 10)

This assignment is also designed to see that you have devised

correct tables and graphsfigures for your data collection and

statistical analysis plan

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Informal Teacher Notebook Check

Notebook is in good shape for this check (Yes =10)

Teacher suggestions for student BEFORE final NB check (SRP

10)

10

Draft of Raw Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above Table in

ALL CAPS with metric units

Raw Data Collection is in progress or finished

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Statistical Data Table(s)

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows have appropriate Headings with metric units

Descriptive Title placed above Table in ALL CAPS with

metric units or statistical test units

Statistical analysis is in progress or finished

Note See examples of statistical tables in Appendix B page 91)

20 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

Draft of Graph(s)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends or

relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison) Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

35 (each bullet

point is worth

5 points)

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

62

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63

SRP 10 Final Notebook Check Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final Notebook Check

Due date __________

Students and Teachers

Refer to the Notebook Contents Directions and Rubric on pages 11-13 for this final check This

should be worth 100 points Please see notes below

All sections of the notebook should be neat complete and labeled Your name should appear on the front

inside and spine All previous drafts with rubrics and currentfinal versions should be filed away under

the appropriate tabs Notebook should not be falling apart If it is please purchase a new notebook

Tabs should also be neat and legible If they are not please purchase andor make new tabs

If you have any questions about these guidelines please see your teacher BEFORE the notebook check is

due Students should have fixed issues with their notebooks using the suggestions given by the teacher in

SRP 9

64

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65

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Due Date ___________

Directions Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your text for the Results and

Conclusions sections Be sure to follow the guidelines below Your results section should include data

tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help

setting up tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

RESULTS

The results section of your SRP Paper includes the 3 parts listed below

SUMMARY The Results section is a Summary of the datastatistical tests in paragraph form and should

include at least the following items

Topic Sentence

Identification of Variables and Control Group

Whether the data (DV) was qualitative (continuous) or quantitative (nominal or

ordinal)

A description of the statistics done (what tests did you do T-test ANOVA Chi-

square Pearson R correlation etc)

Include the numbers for the means (averages) for each group Ex ―The means for

organic and inorganic fertilizer were 236 cm and 356 cm respectively

The null hypothesis (remember this means that the IV will have no affect on the

DV)

State whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected

Remember hypotheses are accepted or rejected based on the P value only ―The

means of the experimental groups were significantly different (Plt005) ―The __

group was statistically different from the control with a Plt001) ―There was no

statistically significant difference between the means of ____ and _____ (Pgt005)

Whether the alternative hypothesis was supported or not supported The alternative

hypothesis is your original hypothesis ndash Make sure you review your original

hypothesis and do not change it to match your experimental outcome

You should refer to your statistical table(s) (no raw data) For example ―As

shown in Table 1helliphellip) Make sure your table is labeled Table 1 (or 2 etc) with

a descriptive table mentioning the IV and DV Ex Table 1 Put title herehellip

Refer to your graph in the same way except graphs are called Figures and their

titles are on the bottom of the graph Ex Figure 1 Put title herehellip

This section should be 1-2 pages

(continued on next page)

66

TABLES

Make a table(s) for your raw data as well as a summary of the statistics done (See

examples in Appendix B page 91)

Your raw data goes in the data section of your notebook but NOT in the results

section of your SRP Paper ONLY the summary of statistics goes in the results

section of the SRP Paper and on your Display Board (Again see Appendix B

page 91 for examples of statistical tables)

Columns and rows must be straight and neat (typed)

Headings (with UNITS) are required on all columns and rows

Titles go above the table typed in ALL CAPS

Ex TABLE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

GRAPHS

Can be either a line graph or a bar graph Line graphs show trends or relationships

Bar graphs are used for comparison

Do not make line or bar graphs for RAW data Only graph the means (averages)

for each variable or condition you are testing as well as the control group (s)

The independent variable goes on the X-axis the dependent variable goes on the Y-

axis Label axes with names and units Include a key Titles go below the graph

typed in ALL CAPS

Ex FIGURE 1 PLANT HEIGHT (cm) VERSUS LIGHT EXPOSURE

Use software packages to create graphs when possible No graphs are to be done on

loose leaf paper with hand drawn lines (See directionshintsexamples in

Appendix B on how to use excel and graphing calculators)

Tables and Graphs go after your Results Summary text

(continued on next page)

67

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions section of your SRP Paper includes the items listed below

What was the purposesignificance of the experiment

Claim ndashWas the experimental (alternative) hypothesis supported or note supported (never

proved)

Give Evidence for the claimmdashrefer to the data and statistical tests This is an important

explanationmdashthe main purpose of the conclusion Explain how the data support the claim

Never leave it up to your reader to draw connections

Tell us the science behind why the IV had this effect (or lack thereof) on the

DV Use the evidence in the Literature Review section of your SRP Paper to

support your conclusions That is why you wrote the Literature Reviewhellipso

refer back to it

If applicable stating and explaining the mathematical relationship between the IV and DV

Brief analysis of uncertainty

Systematic error

Random error

Analysis of limitations - limitations of the instrumentationmethods available

Generalizability of results ndash can your results be generalized to all humans all insects all

types of sports balls all foods that contain vitamin C hellip

Future Directions

Improvements to the procedure sample size etc (be realistic)

Improvements to the statistical analysis

Questions raised from your research (future direction for research in this area)

This section should be 1-3 pages

Tips Refer to your aimshypothesis ndash donlsquot lose sight of the goal

Never make a claim without evidence from your experiment or several other previous experiments

Take yourself out of it No third person (No ―I) no subjective statements

Donlsquot be afraid to admit that your hypothesis wasnlsquot supported Some of the greatest discoveries come when the

results are unexpected

If your hypothesis is not supported do not use the evaluation purely to explain why the experiment ―failed

instead consider what might have gone wrong or why the IV really had no effect on the DV as well as what new

directions you might go in assuming that you didnlsquot ―mess up

Donrsquot overstate the significance of your findings but do admit to success

Be concise This is not creative writing class Stick to the facts and findings and relate it back to your Literature

Review (what other experiments or research has documented in the past)

68

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69

SRP 11 Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Draft of Results and Conclusions Rubric

(Including DataStatistical Analysis Tables Graphs)

Open up your continuous SRP Paper Document and add in your

text for the Results and Conclusions sections Be sure to follow

the guidelines on pages 65-67 Your results section should

include data tables (mean or average values NOT raw data) as

well as statistical tables and graphs (Again for help setting up

tables or with statistical analysis see Appendix B)

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

RESULTS 56

Results Summary (1 to 2 pages)

Purpose of the experiment stated

IV DV and control group(s) identified

Type of data identified (qual vs quant or both)

Level of data identified (continuous nominal ordinal)

SummaryDescription of Statistics

what tests were used (t-test chi-square Pearson

R ANOVA etc)

means or modes with units included (NOT raw

data)

state if P was gt or lt 005 (or possibly lt001)

andor give statistical test values and state

statistical significance

Null hypothesis statedmdashaccepted or rejected

Alternative (experimental) hypothesis stated ndash supported

or not supported

TablesGraphs are referred to

2

3

1

1 ___

2

2

5

2

2

2

Tables (put after results summary)

Table of statistics NOT raw data

ColumnsRows straight and neat (word processed)

ColumnsRows (IV and DV) have Headings with metric

units

Descriptive Title including IV and DV placed above

Table in ALL CAPS with metric units

5

3

4

5

Graphs (put after results summary)

Title (in ALL CAPS below graph)

IV of the experiment goes on X axis labeled metric

units

DV of the experiment goes on Y axis labeled metric

units

Appropriate to Data collection (Line graphs show trends

or relationships Bar graphs are used for comparison)

Key provided (clear and complete)

Computer generated (Not drawn by hand)

Averages of variablesconditions and control groups are

graphed NOT raw data

(continued on next page)

3

3

3

1

3

1

3

70

CONCLUSIONS

(1 to 3 pages)

44

Well written discussion of what the statistics mean

Claim was the alternative (experimental) hypothesis

supported or not supported (this is yes or no NOT ―a

little)

Give evidence for the claim refer to the data and

statistical tests

Describe the science behind why the IV had this effect on

the DV

Refers back to the Literature Review

Sources of error or uncertainty are discussed

Limitations (limits of instruments methods etc) are

discussed

Improvements to the procedure or experimental

designdata collection are discussed

The value of this experiment or results to society are

discussed

If the experiment was continued what would be the next

stephellipwhat could be looked at next based on your

results

5

2

5

5

5

2

2

2

3

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 3

On time 5

Total number of points

100

Dear _______________________________________

Wow You did a great job on the following aspects of this assignment

After reading this I had a few questions

I would be happy to help you work on the following areas Please make an appointment with me ASAP

71

SRP 12 Abstract Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Abstract

Due Date ___________

The main purpose for writing a science project abstract is to give both you and the reader a very brief summary

and overview of your project If written well the abstract can tie your project together and most importantly it

will give your project a sense of continuity and clarity

Begin by writing in Microsoft Word

At the top of the paper follow the format below

The Title of the Project (Do NOT use all caps) ---- title

John Smith ---- name

Park View High School Sterling VA ---- school name city state

A couple of main points to keep in mind as you write the abstract

1 Abstracts should be single-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font

2 The abstract can be a maximum of 250 words

3 Single spaced

4 Summarize everything do not burden the reader with too much content

5 Proof read for content and spelling (particularly your name)

6 Do not put separate headings within the text

7 Do not use the first person (I My)

The following is a suggested outline for writing the abstract

(Do not put these bold headlines within the abstract These are for guidance only)

Theme and Purpose In just a few sentences present the main area to which this study relates and give the Purpose of the study or

experiment (Spend some time thinking about how to say this The trick here is to say something (in a few

words) that can capture the imagination and interest of the reader without saying too much)

Methodology Briefly describe the project Include the IV DV and control groups If you used ―subjects (volunteers)

give a brief overview of them ( of males of females age range etc) Also give a brief overview of the

procedure

Results Highlight the most important findings of the study Include numbers ndash mean or mode for each variable or

condition and control group Make sure to include metric units and describe statistical tests performed on

your data

Conclusions State the alternative (your or ―experimental hypothesis) and say whether it was supported or not supported

based on the statistical tests performed to show significance Briefly describe what the results meanhellipDid

the independent variable influence the dependent variable If possible relate this to the purpose of the study

Report any major sources or error if there were any Otherwise do not state any

Further research Note any further questions which have arisen from your project Only include questions that can be used for

further researchprojectsexperiments This is an incredibly important part of this abstract This tells the

reader that you recognize the limits of your study and that you can see other problems and questions that can

be turned into studies For example State that ―Further research could explorehelliphellip

(continued on next page)

1st

72

Save your Abstract Word Document and submit it electronically to your teacher for

review

Please save your abstract with the following naming scheme

Your First Name Last Name Abstract V1

Ex JohnSmithAbstractV1

Your teacher will use the SRP 12 Grading Rubric to review your abstract and will ask you to

make edits in your Abstract Word document and submit it a second time Please send this edited

version to your teacher electronically with the same naming scheme as before but change it to V2

(for version 2)

Your teacher will review the 2nd

version and make any final comments If you have additional

edits to make your teacher will let you know and you need to make the edits and send it the final

time as V3 (version 3) This will be the version that is presented at your local school fair and that

gets sent to Regional andor State Science Fair if you are selected to participate

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract is already in your SRP paper Just read your

paper highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words

maximum

2nd

73

SRP 12 Abstract Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project Abstract Rubric

Please refer to SRP 12 directions on pages 71-72 before

submitting your Abstract and this Rubric electronically to your

teacher If you have questions about this assignment see your

teacher BEFORE it is due

Hint The information that needs to go into your abstract

is already in your SRP paper Just read your paper

highlight the key points listed on page 71 and compose the

abstract Be sure to stay at 250 words maximum

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Format

Typed using Microsoft Word 12 Font Times New Roman

Single Spaced

Top of the document includes Title of Project Student Name

School Name city state

250 words MAXIMUM

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Theme and Purpose

Purpose of the studyexperiment is clearly stated and catches

the readers interest

Only 1-2 sentences in length

10

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Methodology

Brief description of the project (including IV DV and control

groups)

If applicable brief description of ―subjects or volunteers that

were used in the study

Brief overview of the procedures

15 (each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Results

A highlight of the most important findings are present

Means or Modes (whichever is appropriate for your data) are

present with metric units for each variable and control group

A description of the statistical tests or analysis is present

15

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Conclusions

Alternative Hypothesis (your experimental hypothesis) is stated

and supported or not supported

Describe what results mean in terms of statistical analysis

results

Did the IV influence the DV and how did that compare with the

control group

Discuss any MAJOR sources of error (not minor oneshelliponly

major ones that could have affected the results)

20

(each bullet

point is worth

5 pts)

Further Research

Question(s) to be used for further research are stated and

appropriate

5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

74

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75

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Final SRP Paper

Due Date ___________

How to complete and submit the Final SRP Paper

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions

given to you by your teacher andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make

sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in Final form Use the quick checklist below

as you read through your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will

have you submit this electronically as they have all year However please check with them on the

method of submission Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Things to check in your paper double spaced

1 margins - all sides

page numbers in upper right hand corner (except page 1mdashtitle page)

section headings centered underlined and capitalized

correct spelling

all revisions done

sections in correct order on separate pages

title page

table of contents

statement of the problem

hypothesis

literature review

materials

procedures

results (summary tables amp graphs)

conclusion

references (correct APA stylehellip10 sources minimum)

neatly hole punched and in notebook under ―Final SRP Paper tab

Helpful Hint Ask your parents andor friends to proofread the paper for you They should look for

spelling and grammatical mistakes as they read through Also ask them to make sure they can easily

understand what your project was about and what the results were

76

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77

SRP 13 Final SRP Paper Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Final SRP Paper Rubric

If you have been following directions throughout this process you have already completed all revisions given to you by your teacher

andor peers Just read over your entire SRP Paper a few times and make sure all of the previous edits and revisions are complete and in

Final form Use the quick checklist on page75 as you read through

your paper before submitting the final copy to your teacher Many teachers will have you submit this electronically as they have all

year However please check with them on the method of submission

Please be sure you attach the SRP 13 rubric with your final paper submission

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Appropriate font style and size 5

Correct format (headings margins page spacing) 5

Title Page

Revisions complete

Appropriate Title

5

Table of Contents

Revisions complete

Correct Page lsquos

5

Statement of the Problem

Revisions complete 5

Hypothesis

Revisions complete 5

Literature Review

Revisions complete

Correct APA citations throughout text

All listed References cited within text

10

Materials

Revisions complete 5

Procedures

Revisions complete

5

Results

Revisions complete

Statistical Analysis present

Appropriate GraphsTables included after results summary

10

Conclusions

Revisions complete

Refers back to Literature Review

10

References

Revisions complete

10 sources minimum

Correct APA Style

5

Avoided possible problems by properly preparing and conduction

needed research

High School level

Scientifically controlled experimentstudy

10

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time 10

Total number of points

100

78

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79

SRP 14 Display Board Name Date PeriodBlock

Science Research Project Display Board

Due Date ___________

You must turn in the Display Board along with your notebook and ten copies of your abstract

For the Loudoun County RSEF you can NOT use a computer or other device to display a slide show

PowerPoint type presentation computer animation etc Only computer programs written by the

student and serving as an integral part of the research project can be on display

The RSEF will not provide computers for students to use at their display

Board requirements

NEAT -- (word processedmdashnot hand written)

No spelling errors (especially in the title)

Picturespapers glued down securely (no edges peeling up -- rubber cement works well)

Colorfuleye-catching

Well-organizedeasy to follow

8 Space Limitations

For the Loudoun RSEF your display board and the table that it rests upon cannot have a combined height of more

than 213 cm (7 feet) taking into account the table height this means that all project display boards can have a

maximum height of (137) 45 ft No project display boards can be placed on the floor You will have a surface

area depth of about 76 cm (30 in) but your board can be as wide as 122 cm (48 in) (Please note that this differs

from the height allowed at the ISEF)

Place your SRP items on the board similar to the way shown above

1 -Statement of the problemquestion 5 -photographs (all must have credit lines of origin and captions)

2 -Literature Review Ex Photograph(s) taken by John Smith

3 -Procedures 6 -results and summary

4 -tablesgraphs 7 -conclusions

(statistics NOT raw data) 8 -notebook and 10 abstracts (on table)

See page 6 of the 2010-2011 ISEF Rules and Regulations for further display guidelines

httpwwwsocietyforscienceorgisefdocumentindexasp

You are allowed to display some of the equipment used for your project especially if it is unique or you designed

it However there are strict rules about what is acceptable or unacceptable You can be easily disqualified if the

wrong items are included See your teacher if you have any questions

1 2

3

Title

4

5

6

7

198 cm

(65 ft)

from

floor

assume

table =

30rdquo

80

Page left intentionally blank

81

SRP 14 Display Board Rubric Name Date PeriodBlock

Due Date ________

Science Research Project

Display Board Rubric

You must turn in the Display Board along with your

notebook and ten copies of your abstract

If you need help or have questions about the display board

see your teacher at least one week BEFORE it is due

Possible

Points

100

Self

Review

Grade

Peer

Review

Grade

Teacher

Review

Grade

Display Board includes the following parts

------ ------ ------ ------

Title (may have catchy title but MUST have official title) 10

Statement of the Problem

Includes research question

5

Variables (this section optional but highly recommended)

IV DV Control Group

------

Hypothesis

Alternative (ie YOUR or experimental) hypothesis

May also include the Null Hypothesis

5

Literature Review

Can be a brief summary of information pertaining to what

you referenced in the conclusion

5

Procedures

If procedures are extremely detailed only provided a

summary version

5

Statistical TablesGraphs

No Raw Data

5

Results Summary

5

Conclusion

5

Board is correct Size (no higher than 45 feet) 5

Neatness 10

CreativityAttractivenessPleasing Color Scheme 10

Clear HeadingsTitlesSpelling ndash Headings must be Large 10

No page numbers or stray marks on any of the board contents 5

This rubric attached with name date periodblock 5

On time with all revisions complete 10

Total number of points

100

Comments

82

Page left intentionally blank

83

APPENDIX A Sample of Research Plan for Form 1A

This is an example of a research plan document that is required to be attached to Form 1A as indicated in SRP

5 Some projects will require a more detailed research plan with animal care plans or human risk assessment

plans Please see SRP 5 directions and rubrics to help you with this task Use the following as a template

(Basically just copy and paste what you have already done in SRP 1-4 making sure all edits and revisions

have been completed so your research plan is accurate )

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

State the scientific issue or purpose that underlies this research Then write the question that your

research will address At least one sentence introducing the topic The last sentence must be in the form

of a question

HYPOTHESIS

If (something about the IV ndash be specific) then (something about the DV ndash be specific)

PROCEDURES

List the steps in your procedure here Single spaced numbered Written in third person with no personal

pronounshellipno I we you Be sure to include your statistical analysis plan and how you are going to

measure your DV

REFERENCES

(List at least 10 sources using APA style The following are examples from the APA website List alphabetically

by authorlsquos last name) An excellent source for all of your reference formatting questions

httpowlenglishpurdueeduowlresource56001

Journal article (do not use the bold headings they are listed to explain the examples)

Fine M A amp Kurdek L A (1993) Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order

on faculty-student collaborations American Psychologist 48 1141ndash1147

Book

Nicol A A M amp Pexman P M (1999) Presenting your findings A practical guide for creating tables

Washington DC American Psychological Association

Book chapter

ONeil J M amp Egan J (1992) Mens and womens gender role journeys Metaphor for healing

transition and transformation In B R Wainrib (Ed) Gender issues across the life cycle (pp

107-123) New York Springer

Internet source with no author

New child vaccine gets funding boost (2001) Retrieved March 21 2001 from

httpnewsninemsncomauhealthstory_13178asp

84

APPENDIX B Statistics for Science Research Hints Tips Examples

Scientists analyze data collected in an experiment to look for patterns or relationships among variable If we think we see a

pattern or a relationship we must complete one more step before we can be sure of the results In order to determine that the

patterns we observe are real and not due to chance and our own preconceived notions we must test the perceived pattern for

significance

Statistical analysis allows scientists to test whether or not patterns are real and not due to chance or preconceived notions of

the observer We can never be 100 sure but we can set some level of certainty to our observations A level of certainty

accepted by most scientists is 95 We will be using tests that allow us to say we are 95 confident in our results

STEP ONE Types of Data 1 Qualitative - data using non-standard scales (descriptions of leaf quality) Qualitative data are placed into categories that

may be discrete categories represented by word or number labels It can also be measurements made with a nonstandard scale

with unequal intervals

Levels of Measurement

NOMINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that cannot be ranked

(malefemale or brown black red hair)

ORDINAL DATA objects are placed into categories that can be ranked (Mohrsquos

hardness scale or animal activity ranked 1- 5)

2 Quantitative - measurements made using a scale with equal intervals (temp of water in Celsius degrees) Quantitative data

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Levels of Measurement

RATIO DATA data collected using a scale with equal intervals and with an

absolute zero (temp velocity)

INTERVAL DATA using a scale with equal intervals but no absolute zero (temp

change pH)

Decide which of the above types of data you have collected and record here ____________________________

STEP TWO Descriptive Statistics Type of Descriptive Statistic Quantitative

Interval Ratio

Qualitative

Nominal Ordinal

Central Tendency - the most typical Mean Mode Median

Variation - spread of data Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Frequency Distribution

Mode value that occurs most often (in a tie use both)

Median middle value when ranked highest to lowest

x Mean mathematical average

Range difference between the smallest and largest average

Variance average squared distance from the mean (how spread out the values in a set of data are)

SX Standard Deviation a measure of how closely the individual points of data

cluster around the mean

Frequency Distribution of cases falling into each category of the variable

n Number number of data points

Use the table above to decide which type of descriptive statistics you will do and list them here

85

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Descriptive Statistic Values

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd (blue key) then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Push 2nd then List

Push gtgt until MATH is highlighted

Arrow down until MEDIAN is selected Hit ENTER

Enter your list of data points according to the this format (567310) then hit ENTER

The answer should be displayed to the right

Repeat the above steps for standard deviation and variance

__________________________________________________________________

STEP THREE For Quantitative

Follow the directions above for using the TI-84 Plus and record these values here

Mean ______________ Range _______________ Variance _____________

Standard Deviation___________

For Qualitative

Determine the mode median and frequency distribution and record here

Mode _____________ Median __________________

Frequency Distribution ___________________________

STEP FOUR

Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are done to determine if the data is statistically significant They limit the possibility that the data

differences occurred by random chance or due to some unknown uncontrolled variable If the data is shown to be statistically

significant than the data differences can be explained by changes in the independent variable

Statistical Tests

1 The t-test (or Analysis of Variance) An analysis of variance is used when you have two or more groups and you

want to compare measurements of each group The t-test analyzes the relationship between two groups

2 The Chi-square test This test is used when you have counts that can be placed into yes or no categories or other

simple categories such as quadrats

3 The Pearson R Correlation The Pearson R Correlation allows you to test how the values of one event or object

relates to the values of another event or object

86

Quantitative Qualitative

Inferential Statistics t-Test (t) Pearson R

Correlation

Chi- Square (x2)

Decide which of the inferential statistics you will be doing calculate your Degrees of Freedom

Record here Stats ____________________Degrees of Freedom ______________

Level of Significance - We will use 005 which means that the probability

of error in the research is 5100 (95)

df Degrees of Freedom - Represents the total number of observations in a

sample

To calculate

For t-test df = (n1-1) + (n2-1)

For Chi-square test df = (rows ndash 1) (columns ndash 1) For Pearson R correlation df = (n-2) subtract 2 from the number

of comparisons made

μ Null Hypothesis - Basically states that there is no difference between the

mean of your control group and the mean of your experimental group Therefore any

observed

difference between the two sample means occurred by chance and is not significant If you

can disprove your null hypothesis then there is a significant difference between your

control and experimental groups

STEP FIVE

Three options for your null hypothesis

μ1= μ2 This states that the two means are equal (experimental 1 and

control 2) To use this to reject your null hypothesis your

t-value must be gt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1lt μ2 This states that the mean of your experimental group is lower than

the mean of the control group For example in golf the lower score is the better score To use this

to reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be lt table value or your x2 calculated gt x

2 table

μ1gtμ2 This states that the mean of your experimental groups is higher

than the mean of the control group For example plants with fertilizer grow higher than those

without To reject your null hypothesis your t-value must be gt table value or your

x2 calculated gt x

2 table

Write your null hypothesis here ________________________________________________________________________

87

Graphing calculators are helpful in determining T-TEST and CHI-SQUARE

Using the TI-84 Plus to Find Inferential Statistic Values

T-TEST

The buttons on the calculator are indicated in bold

Push the ON button

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 4ClrAll Lists and hit ENTER

Hit ENTER again

The screen should say DONE

Push STAT

Select 1 Edit by hitting ENTER

Under L1 type in the data from your experimental group Type in the numbers and hit ENTER in between each

Arrow over to L2 and type in the data from your control group

When done hit STAT again

Push gtgt to get to Tests

Arrow down to option 42-SampTTest and hit ENTER

Make sure that Data is highlighted

Arrow down and select the correct null hypothesis micro1 ne micro2 micro1 lt micro2 micro1 gt micro2

Make sure Pooled is set to NO

Arrow down to CALCULATE and hit ENTER

Your t-value is indicated by t =

CHI-SQUARE

Push 2nd MEM

Arrow down to 2 Delete and hit ENTER

Arrow down to 5 Matrix and hit ENTER

Hit enter for each Matrix [A] [B] entry that is listed

Example A researcher tests the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in

the amount of graphing calculator use demanded by the different tests given to the three senior classes at

Roosevelt High She analyzed each of the three 50-item tests and classified each item as inactive neutral or

active depending on the extent of calculator use required Use the tallies

shown in the 3x3 matrix to test the hypothesis

88

Test A Test B Test C

Inactive 16 19 13

Neutral 14 10 26

Active 20 21 11

To enter the data in your matrix

Note Your matrix must be at least a 2 x 2 if you have a 1 x 2 please ask

your teacher for additional instructions

Push 2nd then push MATRIX

Push gtgt to get to EDIT (you must set up a matrix to record the data for the x 2 -test) hit ENTER

Set up the values for your matrix (rows x columns) the matrix for the example is 3 x 3 and select 1 [A] by hitting ENTER

Begin to enter the data for the columns and rows exactly as it is in your matrix table

Push STAT and push gtgt to get to TESTS

Arrow down to C X2-Test and hit ENTER

Arrow down to calculate and hit ENTER

Your CHI-SQUARE value is indicated by X2 =

To view your expected values

Push MATRIX

Arrow over to EDIT and select 2[B]

Hit ENTER and your expected values will be listed in the B matrix

To Calculate Chi-square Manually

Use the formula x2= ( O - E)

2 E

x2= Chi-square

= Sum of the Values

O = Observed Frequency Distribution

E = Expected Frequency Distribution

Example Mary read that bees were attracted to the color yellow as opposed to red blue or white She wondered if

crickets would show a color preference To test her hypothesis that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors she

placed 100 crickets in a container To bottom of the container was divided into four equal sections covered by red blue

yellow or white paper She observed the number of crickets on each color one hour after placing them in the container The

distribution of crickets was 30 red 40 blue 12 yellow 18 white By chance alone an equal number of crickets on each color

of paper would be expected

Determine the Observed Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

30 40 12 18

Determine the Expected Frequency Distribution

Red Blue Yellow White

25 25 25 25

Use the formula to calculate x2

89

PEARSON R CORRELATION COEFFICIENT To calculate the Pearson R value you must use the Microsoft Excel program on the computer It can not be calculated using

the TI calculators

Calculate your t-value Chi-Square or Pearson R and record here

(Note you will have different values for each of your experimental groups)

STEP SIX

Deciding to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis Use the tables for the t-test and the Chi-square test to find the table value Use your calculated degrees of freedom and the

Level of Significance of 005 (95) to find the correct value

Determine if the calculated value is greater or less than the table value

For t-test Refer to null hypothesis descriptions for decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis

For Chi-square If x2 Calculated gt x

2 Table then the null hypothesis is rejected

For Pearson R Correlation If the calculated value is greater than the table value

reject the null hypothesis

If the r = 000 there is zero correlation

If the r = 100 there is a perfect correlation

Values can be + or - Positive values indicate increase in X

corresponds to increase in Y Negative values indicate increases in one value are associated with

decreases in the other

Decide whether to accept or reject your null hypothesis

Accept _________ Reject ________

STEP SEVEN

What Does it Mean to Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis generally states that there is no significant difference between your two sets of data If it is accepted it

means that any differences in your data are not significant and probably due to random chance If the null hypothesis is

rejected it means that there is a significant difference in your two sets of data and these differences are due to the factors

(independent variable) that you changed

Make a statement regarding your null hypothesis

For example (from above)At df = 3 = 005 x2 = 7815 for significance the calculated x

2 of 186 gt 7815 and is significant

The null hypothesis is rejected and the research that crickets would be differentially attracted to colors was supported

Your statement ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

90

ANOVA Statistical Tests

(to compare 3 or more groups)

Websites for Free Calculators online

1 httpwwwdanielsopercomstatcalccalc43aspx

2 httpwwwphysicscsbsjuedustatsanovahtml

3 For explanation of ANOVA see Wikipedia or below paragraphs or below websites

httpwwwstatsglaacukstepsglossaryanovahtml

httpwwwstatisticallysignificantconsultingcomAnovahtm

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Like the two-sample t-test ANOVA lets us test hypotheses about the

mean (average) of a dependent variable across different groups

While the t-test is used to compare the means between two groups ANOVA is used to compare

means between 3 or more groups

There are several varieties of ANOVA such as one-factor (or one-way) ANOVA two-factor (or two-

way) ANOVA and so on and also repeated measures ANOVA The factors are the independent

variables each of which must be measured on a categorical scale - that is levels of the independent

variable must define separate groups

One-Way ANOVA Example

One-factor ANOVA also called one-way ANOVA is used when the study involves 3 or more levels of a

single independent variable For example we might look at average test scores for students exposed to one

of three different teaching techniques (three levels of a single independent variable)

ANOVA Statistics

The null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the mean (average value of the dependent variable) is the same

for all groups The alternative or research hypothesis is that the average is not the same for all groups

The ANOVA test procedure produces an F-statistic which is used to calculate the p-value As described

in the topic on Statistical Data Analysis if p lt 05 we reject the null hypothesis We can then conclude

that the average of the dependent variable is not the same for all groups

With ANOVA if the null hypothesis is rejected then all we know is that at least 2 groups are different

from each other In order to determine which groups are different from which post-hoc t-tests are

performed using some form of correction (such as the Bonferroni correction) to adjust for an inflated

probability of a Type I error

91

Examples of Statistical Data Tables

Quantitative

TABLE 105 Effect of Fertilizer on the Mean Height (cm) of Bean Plants

Descriptive

Information

Commercial

Compost

Control

Mean

Variance

Standard Deviation

Number

70

36

19

10

50

22

15

10

40

20

14

10

Results of t-test Commercial vs

Compost

t = 26

001ltplt005

Compost vsControl

t = 15 p gt001

Commercial vs

Control

t = 40 p lt000

At df 18 micro of 001 t =2878 for significance

Qualitative

TABLE 107 Attraction of Crickets to Various Colors

Information

Observed

Distribution

Expected

Distribution

(Chance)

Calculated x

2

Mode

Frequency

Distribution

Red

Blue

Yellow

White

Number

Blue

30

40

12

18

100

Red-Blue

Yellow-White

25

25

25

25

100

10

90

67

19

Results of the

Chi-square test

x

2 =186 at df=3

x

2 of 186 gt 7815

p lt 0001

Tables from ―Students and Research 2nd

Edition Cothron Julia Giese Ronald Rezba Richard KendallHunt

PublishingCompany Dubuque Iowa 1993

92

Sample Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants Below is his data

for his control and fertilizer A

Trial Number Control Group

Height of plant (mm)

Fertilizer A

Height of plant (mm)

1 450 474

2 462 485

3 514 552

4 432 491

5 441 523

6 427 562

7 418 519

8 426 529

9 418 516

10 424 498

11 431 527

12 443 561

13 432 573

14 426 562

15 434 582

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include mean

range variance and standard deviation

93

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open This

will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet The Mean of a set of numbers is the

Average In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Average and

then click OK

5 A box titled Function Arguments will open

94

6 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

7 You will see that the average has been calculated to be 4385333 Click OK The average will be

transferred to the mean cell in the spreadsheet

8 Repeat steps 3 ndash 7 to calculate the mean for the data for Fertilizer A The mean value you

calculate for Fertilizer A should be 5302667

9 To calculate the Range subtract the smallest number from the largest number Enter the value

into the cell for that value

10 To calculate the variance repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting VAR from the menu

11 To calculate the standard deviation repeat steps 3 ndash 7 selecting STDEV from the menu

95

12 Your calculations should give you the following values

Control Fertilizer A

Mean 438533 530267

Range 96000 108000

Variance 57627 115192

Standard

Deviation 24006 33940

13 We are going to calculate a value for the t-test In the area below the standard deviation

value type the word T-Test

14 Click on the cell next to the T-Test cell

15 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

16 In the selection area select TTEST Your screen should look like this

96

17 Click on OK Your screen should look like this

18 Click in the box next to Array1 Highlight the numbers in the control column

19 Click in the box next to Array2 Highlight the numbers in the Fertilizer A column

20 Click in the box next to Tails If you have a one-tailed test type in one If you have a two-tailed

test type in two

21 What is the meaning of a two-tailed test If you are using a significance level of alpha = 005 a

two-tailed test allots half of your alpha to testing the statistical significance in one direction and half

of your alpha to testing statistical significance in the other direction This means that 025 is in each

tail of the distribution of your test statistic When using a two-tailed test regardless of the direction of

the relationship you hypothesize you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in both

directions

22 For a one tailed test you are testing for the possibility of the relationship in either the left-tail area

or the right tail area

97

23 We are doing a two-tailed test so you need to enter a two next to tails

24 Click in the box next to Type If you are doing a paired test enter 1 If you are doing a t-test in

which the two samples have equal variances you would type a 2 If the two samples have unequal

variances type 3 Our variances are not equal so type 3

25 Your screen should look like this

26 Click on OK

27 You get a value of 646129E-09 This is the probability that the results happened by chance

Since the p-value is so small you would reject the null hypothesis

98

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

99

Sample Statistical Analysis for Qualitative Data

FOR EXAMPLE - A student tested the effect of different types of fertilizers on plants The students

developed a rubric for the health of the parts A 1 was not very healthy and a 5 was very healthy Below

is his data for his control and the different strengths of fertilizer A

Trial

Number

Control Group

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 2

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 4

Health of plant

Fertilizer A 6

Health of plant

1 3 4 4 5

2 4 4 4 4

3 3 4 4 5

4 3 4 5 5

5 4 4 5 5

6 3 4 5 5

7 3 4 4 4

8 3 4 5 5

9 4 4 5 5

10 3 4 4 5

11 3 4 5 5

12 4 4 4 5

13 4 4 5 4

14 3 3 4 5

15 3 3 5 5

Steps for Using Excel for Statistics

1 Enter the data above into your Excel spreadsheet It should look like the spreadsheet

below

2 Set up a table below your data table for your descriptive statistics You should include

the mode and the median

100

3 Click in the cell for the mean of the control

4 Click on Formula on the Tool Bar Click on fx and the insert function will box will open

This will allow you to insert a formula into the spreadsheet

101

5 In the select category box select Statistics Under select a function select Mode and then click

OK

6 A box titled Function Arguments will open

102

7 Take the mouse and highlight the numbers A dotted line will appear around the column

8 You will see that the mode has been calculated to be 3 Click OK The mode will be

transferred to the mode cell in the spreadsheet Your spreadsheet should look like this

103

9 Repeat steps 3 ndash 8 to find the mode for the different percentages of Fertilizer A The

mode represents the number that appears most often If a number does not appear more

than once you will get an error message The column will not have a mode Your results

should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median

10 To calculate the median repeat steps 3 ndash 8 selecting MEDIAN from the function list

Your results should look like this

Control

Group

Health

of

Plant

Fertilizer

A 2

Health

of plant

Fertilizer

A 4

Health

of Plant

Fertilizer

A 6

Health

of plant

Mode 3 4 5 5

Median 3 4 5 5

104

Making a graph of your data

You want to graph your descriptive statistics Highlight your descriptive statistics

1 Click on Insert on the Toolbar

2 Click on the type of graph your want Click on the columns

3 Click on 2-D columns

4 If your graph covers your data you can click on the graph and move the graph

105

Doing Chi-Square in EXCEL

There is a function in EXCEL called CHITEST CHITEST does not return a value for Chi-Square It

skips that step and returns a probability that you will get a Chi-Square at least as high as the one you

calculate from the observed values and predicted values The problem is that the CHITESTlsquos degrees of

freedom are not always calculated correctly Depending on the case you can lose one or two degrees of

freedom using CHITEST Because the CHITEST is basing its answer on less than the correct degrees of

freedom it gives you an inappropriately large value for the probability

After Chi-Square has been calculated by hand you can use the CHIDIST worksheet function to make a

judgment about the Chi-Square value

1 Select a cell to store the result

2 From the Statistical Functions menu select CHIDIST to open the Functions Arguments dialog box for

CHIDIST

3 In the Functional Arguments dialog box type the values asked for in the box

4 In the X box type the calculated Chi-Square value

For an example put 36 in the X box

5 In the Deg_freedom box type the degrees of freedom After typing the degrees of freedom

the dialog box shows the one-tailed probability of obtaining at least this value of Chi-Square

For the example we are doing type 25 for the degrees of freedom

106

6 The Functional Arguments dialog box should look like this

7 Click OK to close the dialog box and put the answer in the selected cell

8 The value in the dialog box is greater than 05 so the decision is not to reject the null hypothesis

107

Pearson Correlation

This is a data analysis for a t-test for a paired two sample for means

1 Enter the data for each sample into a separate data array

For example we have the before data in column B and the after data in column C

2 Select Data then Data Analysis to open the Data Analysis dialog box The Data Analysis ToolPak

must be loaded as an add-in

3 In the Data Analysis dialog box scroll down the Analysis Tools list and select t-Test Paired Two

Sample for Means

4 Click OK to open this toollsquos dialog box

108

5 In the Variable 1 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 1 Range box then highlight the data in the B column The range will appear in the box

6 In the Variable 2 Range box enter the cell range that holds the data for one of the samples Click in

the Variable 2 Range box then highlight the data in the C column The range will appear in the box

109

7 In the Hypothesized Mean Difference box type the difference between micro1 and micro2 that Ho specifies

In this example the difference is 0

8 If the cell ranges include column headings check the Labels checkbox

These were included so the box needs to be checked

9 The Alpha box has 005 as a default Change that value if you want to use a different α

10 In the Output Options select a radio button to indicate where you want the results

For this example New Worksheet Ply was selected to put the results on a new page in the

worksheet

11 Click OK

Because New Worksheet Ply was selected a new page opens with the results

110

12 After the new page opens with the results you need to expand the columns to read the results

13 Cell B7 shows a value for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient The coefficient will be a number

between -1 and +1 It shows the strength of the relationship between the data in the first sample and the

data in the second sample

14 If this number is close to 1 high scores in one sample are associated with high scores in the other

sample and low scores in one are associated with low scores in the other If this number is close to -1

high scores in the first sample are associated with low scores in the second and low scores in the first are

associated with high scores in the second

15 If the number is close to zero the scores in the first sample are not related to scores in the second

sample

Our example gives us a value close to one

16 Cell B9 shows the degrees of freedom

17 Cell B8 shows the Ho specified difference between the population means

18 Cell B10 gives the calculated value of the test statistic

111

APPENDIX C LCPS RSEF Project Categories and Subcategories ANIMAL SCIENCES (100)

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Animal Husbandry

Pathology

Physiology

Systematics

BEHAVIORAL amp SOCIAL SCIENCES (200)

Clinical amp Developmental Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Sociology

BIOCHEMISTRY (300)

General Biochemistry

Metabolism

Structural Biochemistry

CELLULAR amp MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (400)

Cellular Biology

Cellular and Molecular Genetics

Immunology

Molecular Biology

CHEMISTRY (500)

Analytical Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

General Chemistry

COMPUTER SCIENCE(600)

Algorithms Data Bases

Artificial Intelligence

Networking and Communications

Computational Science Computer

Graphics

Software Engineering Programming

Languages

Computer System Operating System

EARTH amp PLANETARY SCIENCE (700) Climatology Weather

Geochemistry Mineralogy

Paleontology

Geophysics

Planetary Science

Tectonics ENGINEERING Electrical amp Mechanical (800) Electrical Eng Computer Eng Controls Mechanical Engineering Robotics Thermodynamics Solar

ENGINEERING Materials amp Bioengineering (900)

Bioengineering

Civil Engineering Construction Eng

Chemical Engineering

Industrial Engineering Processing

Material Science

ENERGY amp TRANSPORTATION (1000)

Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Aerodynamics

Alternative Fuels

Fossil Fuel Energy

Vehicle Development

Renewable Energies

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1100) Bioremediation Ecosystems Management

Environmental Engineering

Land Resource Management Forestry

Recycling Waste Management

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (1200) Air Pollution and Air Quality

Soil Contamination and Soil Quality

Water Pollution and Water Quality

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (1300) Algebra Analysis

Applied Mathematics

Geometry

Probability and Statistics

MEDICINE amp HEALTH SCIENCES (1400)

Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Epidemiology

Genetics

Molecular Biology of Diseases

Physiology and Pathophysiology

MICROBIOLOGY (1500)

Antibiotics Antimicrobials

Bacteriology

Microbial Genetics

Virology

PHYSICS amp ASTRONOMY (1600)

Astronomy

Atoms Molecules Solids

Biological Physics

Instrumentation and Electronics

Magnetics and Electromagnetics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Optics Lasers Masers

Theoretical Physics Theoretical or

Computational Astronomy

PLANT SCIENCES (1700)

AgricultureAgronomy

Development

Ecology

Genetics

Photosynthesis

Plant Physiology (Molecular Cellular Organismal)

Plant Systematics Evolution

112

APPENDIX C Judging Guidelines

Judging for the Loudoun Regional Science and Engineering Fair is conducted using a 100-point scale with points

assigned to creative ability scientific thought or engineering goals thoroughness skill and clarity Team projects

have a slightly different balance of points that includes points for teamwork Following is a list of questions that

judges may ask for each criteria

Creative Ability (Individual - 30 Team - 25) Does the project show creative ability and originality in the questions asked

The approach to solving the problem the analysis of the data the interpretation of the data

The use of equipment the construction or design of new equipment

Creative research should support an investigation and help answer a question in an original way

A creative contribution promotes an efficient and reliable method for solving a problem When evaluating projects

it is important to distinguish between gadgeteering and ingenuity

Scientific ThoughtEngineering Goals (Individual - 30 Team - 25) For an engineering project as well as some projects in categories such as computer science or mathematical

sciences the more appropriate questions are those found in Engineering Goals

Scientific Thought Is the problem stated clearly and unambiguously

Was the problem sufficiently limited to allow a plausible approach Good scientists can identify important

problems capable of solutions

Was there a procedural plan for obtaining a solution

Are the variables clearly recognized and defined

If controls were necessary did the student recognize their need and were they correctly used

Are there adequate data to support the conclusions

Does the finalist or team recognize the datalsquos limitations

Does the finalistteam understand the projectlsquos ties to related research

Does the finalistteam have an idea of what further research is warranted

Did the finalistteam cite scientific literature or only popular literature (local newspapers Readerlsquos Digest)

Engineering Goals

Does the project have a clear objective

Is the objective relevant to the potential userlsquos needs

Is the solution workable acceptable to the potential user economically feasible

Could the solution be utilized successfully in design or construction of an end product

Is the solution a significant improvement over previous alternatives

Has the solution been tested for performance under the conditions of use

Thoroughness (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Was the purpose carried out to completion within the scope of the original intent

How completely was the problem covered

Are the conclusions based on a single experiment or replication

How complete are the project notes

Is the finalistteam aware of other approaches or theories

How much time did the finalist or team spend on the project

Is the finalistteam familiar with scientific literature in the studied field

(continues on next page)

113

Skill (Individual - 15 Team - 12) Does the finalistteam have the required laboratory computation observational and design skills to obtain

supporting data

Where was the project performed (home school laboratory university laboratory)

Did the student or team receive assistance from parents teachers scientists or engineers

Was the project completed under adult supervision or did the studentteam work largely alone

Where did the equipment come from Was it built independently by the finalist or team Was it obtained on loan

Was it part of a laboratory where the finalist or team worked

Clarity (Individual - 10 Team - 10) How clearly does the finalist discuss the project and explain the purpose procedure and conclusions Watch out

for memorized speeches that reflect little understanding of principles

Does the written material reflect the finalistlsquos or teamlsquos understanding of the research

Are the important phases of the project presented in an orderly manner

How clearly is the data presented

How clearly are the results presented

How well does the project display explain the project

Was the presentation done in a forthright manner without tricks or gadgets

Did the finalistteam perform all the project work or did someone help

Teamwork (Team Projects only- 16) Are the tasks and contributions of each team member clearly outlined

Was each team member fully involved with the project and is each member familiar with all aspects

Does the final work reflect the coordinated efforts of all team members

114

APPENDIX D Internet Safety

The Internet allows students to learn from a wide variety of resources and communicate with people all

over the world Students should develop skills to recognize valid information misinformation biases or

propaganda Students should know how to protect their personal information when interacting with others

and about the possible consequences of online activities such as social networking e-mail and instant

messaging

Students need to know that not all Internet information is valid or appropriate

Students should be taught specifically how to maximize the Internetlsquos potential while protecting

themselves from potential abuse

Internet messages and the people who send them are not always what or who they seem

Predators and cyberbullies anonymously use the Internet to manipulate students Students must learn

how to avoid dangerous situations and get adult help

Cybersafety should be addressed when students research online resources or practice other skills through

interactive sites Science teachers should address underlying principles of cybersafety by reminding

students that the senses are limited when communicating via the Internet or other electronic devices and

that the use of reasoning and logic can extend to evaluating online situations

Remind students that personal observations and opinions can be communicated on the Internet as if they

are fact Pseudoscience Activity Study in the Scientific Method

httpwwwscienceteacherorgk12resourceslessonslesson18htm

In this lesson students explore a pseudoscience topic (eg Bermuda Triangle palm reading Bigfoot)

through Internet sites They apply the scientific method while exploring the topic

Teachers can help students understand that data collected and presented on the Internet may be flawed due

to many variables including equipment malfunction human bias or presentation mechanisms

If students are using online tools for written communications address the general safety issues

appropriate for this age group

As students learn to express opinions with convincing arguments emotions likely will become heated

Students should be apprised of the dangers of cyberbullying

Additional information about Internet safety may be found on the Virginia Department of Educationlsquos

Website at

httpwwwdoevirginiagovVDOETechnologyOETinternet-safety-guidelinesshtml