special economic zone - wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

7/31/2019 Special Economic Zone - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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Special economic zoneFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region that has economic and other laws that are more free-

market-oriented than a country's typical or national laws. "Nationwide" laws may be suspended inside a special

economic zone.

The category SEZ covers, including free trade zones (FTZ), export processing Zones (EPZ), free Zones (FZ),industrial parks or industrial estates (IE), free ports, free economic zones, urban enterprise zones and others.

Usually the goal of a structure is to increase foreign direct investment by foreign investors, typically an internationa

business ora multinational corporation (MNC), development of infrastructure (http://dirty7.net/special-economic-

zone/) and to increase the employment.

Contents

1 Bangladesh

2 Cayman Islands

3 China

4 Democratic Republic of the Congo

5 Greece

6 Egypt

7 Ethiopia

8 India

9 Indonesia

10 Iran11 Kazakhstan

12 Malaysia

13 Mauritius

14 Myanmar

15 Nigeria

16 North Korea

17 Pakistan

17.1 List of SEZs in Pakistan

18 Philippines18.1 List of SEZs in the Philippines

19 Poland

20 Republic of Korea (South Korea)

21 Russia

21.1 Technical/Innovational Zones

21.2 Industrial/developmental Zones

21.3 Tourist Zones

22 Ukraine

23 Uzbekistan
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24 Zambia

25 See also

26 References

27 External links

Bangladesh

Several Export Processing Zones, or EPZs, have been established across Bangladesh since the 1980s, and the

government plans to establish eight new special economic zones. In 2010, FDi magazine ranked Chittagong EPZ a

one of best competitive special economic zones in the world. See: Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority

Cayman Islands

A fully operational Cayman Enterprise City officially launched on Friday, 3 February 2012.

China

Main article: Special Economic Zones of the People's Republic of China

Currently, the most prominent SEZs in the country are Shenzhen, Xiamen, Shantou, and Zhuhai. It is notable that

Shenzhen, Shantou, and Zhuhai are all in Guangdong province, and all are on the southern coast of China where se

is very accessible for transportation of goods.

An analysis of the performance of these SEZs in China versus those in India in liberalizing the Chinese and Indian

economies and their impact on economic growth was conducted by Leong (2012)

(http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10368-012-0223-6) . This paper investigates the role of specialeconomic zones (SEZs) . The policy change to a more liberalized economy is identified using SEZ variables as

instrumental variables. The results indicate that export and FDI growth have positive and statistically significant

effects on economic growth in these countries. The presence of SEZs increases regional growth but increasing the

number of SEZs has negligible effect on growth. The key to faster economic growth appears to be a greater pace

of liberalization.

emocratic Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo plans to build its first Special Economic Zone in the Kinshasa district of N'SlThe SEZ would be operative in 2012 and dedicated to agro-industries.[1]

Greece

The German government is pushing for the creation of special economic zones in Greece and other European

countries with struggling economies.[2] Many view this proposal as a showcase of Germany's role in the crisis, as i

aims to widen the inter-European north-south divide to benefit its own economy.[3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_sovereign-debt_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-congo-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congohttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10368-012-0223-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_provincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuhaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shantouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiamenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenzhenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Economic_Zones_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Export_Processing_Zone_Authorityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FDi_magazinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#Zambia


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A view of an IT Block in the Mahindra World City situated inChennai. States such as Tamil Nadu and Haryana are housing a

number of under construction SEZ projects.

Egypt

A Chinese SEZ is constructed in Egypt.[4]

Ethiopia

A Chinese SEZ is constructed in Ethiopia.

[4]

India

Main article: List of Special Economic Zones in India

India was one of the first countries in Asia

to recognize the effectiveness of the Expo

Processing Zone (EPZ) model in

promoting exports, with Asia's first EPZ

set up in Kandla in 1965. In order toovercome the shortcomings experienced

on account of the multiplicity of controls

and clearances; absence of world-class

infrastructure, and an unstable fiscal regim

and with a view to attract larger foreign

investments in India, the Special Economi

Zones (SEZs) Policy was announced in

April 2000.

The SEZ Act, 2005, was an important bilto be passed by the Government of India

order to instill confidence in investors and

signal the Government's commitment to a

stable SEZ policy regime and with a view

to impart stability to the SEZ regime thereby generating greater economic activity and employment through their

establishment, a comprehensive draft SEZ Bill prepared after extensive discussions with the stakeholders. A

number of meetings were held in various parts of the country both by the Minister for Commerce and Industry as

well as senior officials for this purpose. The Special Economic Zones Act, 2005, was passed by Parliament in Ma

2005 which received Presidential assent on the 23rd of June, 2005. The draft SEZ Rules were widely discussed

and put on the website of the Department of Commerce offering suggestions/comments. Around 800 suggestionswere received on the draft rules. After extensive consultations, the SEZ Act, 2005, supported by SEZ Rules, cam

into effect on 10 February 2006, providing for drastic simplification of procedures and for single window clearanc

on matters relating to central as well as state governments. The remaining part of India, not covered by the SEZ

Rules, is known as the Domestic tariff area. Exports from Indian SEZ totalled INR 2.2 Trillion in 2009-10 fiscal. I

grew by a stupendous 43% to reach INR 3.16 Trillion in 2010-11 fiscal. Indian SEZs have created over 840,000

obs as of 2010-11. Despite all odds, exports through Indian SEZs grew further by 15.4% to reach INR 3.64

Trillion (roughly US$ 66 billion). As of 2011-12 fiscal, investments worth over US$ 36.5 billion (INR 2.02 Trillion

have been made in these tax-free enclaves. Exports of Indian SEZs have experienced a phenomenal growth of

50.5% for the past eight fiscals from a meager US$ 2.5 billion in 2003-04 to about US$ 65 billion in 2011-12
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_tariff_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Special_Economic_Zones_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-The_6_Chinese_SEZ.27s_in_Africa-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-The_6_Chinese_SEZ.27s_in_Africa-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Naduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahindra_World_City,_New_Chennaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Infosys_Mcity,Building_number_5.jpg


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(accounting for 23% of India's total exports).

The objectives of SEZs can be clearly explained as the following:- (a) Generation of additional economic activity;(b) Promotion of exports of goods and services; (c) Promotion of investment from domestic and foreign sources;

(d) Creation of employment opportunities; (e) Development of infrastructure facilities.

The major incentives and facilities available to SEZ developers include:-

Exemption from customs/excise duties for development of SEZs for authorized operations approved by theBOA.

Income Tax exemption on income derived from the business of development of the SEZ in a block of 10

years in 15 years under Section 80-IAB of the Income Tax Act.

Exemption from minimum alternate tax under Section 115 JB of the Income Tax Act.

Exemption from dividend distribution tax under Section 115O of the Income Tax Act.

Exemption from Central Sales Tax (CST).

Exemption from Service Tax (Section 7, 26 and Second Schedule of the SEZ Act).

Currently, there are about 143SEZs (as of June 2012) operating throughout India[5] and an additional 634SEZs

(as of June 2012) that have been formally/principally approved by the Government of India [6]:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India


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State/Union

Territory

Number of operational Special

Economic Zones (June 2012)

Number of SEZs formally

approved (June 2012)

Total

(Operational +

Approved)

Andhra

Pradesh36 116 152

Tamil Nadu 28 77 105

Karnataka 20 62 82

Maharashtra 18 119 137

Gujarat 13 53 66

Kerala 7 29 36

Uttar Pradesh 6 35 41

West Bengal 5 24 29

Rajasthan 4 11 15

Haryana 3 49 52

Chandigarh 1 2 3

Madhya

Pradesh1 17 18

Orissa 1 10 11

Punjab 0 8 8

Goa 0 7 7

Chhattisgarh 0 3 3

Delhi 0 3 3

Dadra and

Nagar Haveli0 2 2

Nagaland 0 2 2

Pondicherry 0 2 2

Uttarakhand 0 2 2

Jharkhand 0 1 1

Indonesia

Main article: Batam Island#SEZ - Special Economic Zones

Iran

Iran's interest in free trade and special economic zones can be traced back to the 1970s. According to SOAS's

Hassan Hakimian, "the FTZs are more ambitious in their objective of acting as magnets for the attraction of Foreig
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batam_Island#SEZ_-_Special_Economic_Zoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttarakhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pondicherryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagalandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Havelihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab,_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhya_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keralahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Naduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh


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Direct Investment (FDI) and ultimately for generating a diversified industrial base and promoting Iran's non-oilexports, the SEZ are conceived for goods transit and improving the supply and distribution networks in the

country."[7]

Arg-e-Jadid Special Economic Zone: Vehicle Manufacturing Hub.

PetZone: Petrochemical special economic Zone, Bandar-e Mahshahr.

Kish: Kish island special economic zone.

Sarakhs

Sirjan

Shahid Rajaee Port [5] (http://www.shahidrajaeeport.ir/)

Amirabad Special Economic Zone [6] (http://www.pso.ir/Portal/HomePage.aspx?

TabID=0&Site=Amirabad&Lang=en-US)

Bushehr Port

Payam Special Economic Zone, closest SEZ to the capital city Tehran, with 3600 hec. area within 10000

hec. of Payam International Airport territory established in Karaj for development of air cargo and postal

transportation, storage of goods, cold store, packing services, goods productivity, perishable and time

sensitive goods export. Payam is the only SEZ in the region with the privilege of its own airport and airline.

Adjacent to industrial, economical and agricultural center of Tehran, with easy access to railroad,underground and other related highways. In order to attract FDI Payam has created equal opportunity and

possibility of investment for Iranian and foreign subjects on every scale of partnership, in addition guarantee

foreign investment according to attraction and protection law of foreign investments and freedom of invest

transfer and obtained income of it, with no administrative encumbrance laws. Furthermore, there is free

entrance, without customs duties for goods, machinery and row material until it has been stationed in the

zone, with possibility to export goods from zone without customs formalities.[7] (http://www.pasc.ir)

Abadan

KazakhstanAstana[8]

Multiple Economic zones created by the mandate of the President. Each zone has a different focus. South

Kazakhstan "Ontustyk" special economic zone is dedicated to the development of the textile industry in

Kazakhstan.

Malaysia

Malaysia launches East coast Economis Region SEZ[9] in August 2009. The countrys first Special Economic Zon

are expected to contribute RM23 billion to the national GDP and create 220,000 new jobs in the ECER.

Mauritius

A Chinese SEZ has been created called the Mauritius Jinfei Economic Trade and Cooperation Zone. [10]

Myanmar
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Special economic zones (Burmese: ), which offer tax exemptions for different

sectors (5 years for production, 8 years for high-tech, 2 years for agriculture, livestock breeding and forestry, and

ear for banking) are undergoing preliminary construction in Sittwe Township and Kyaukpyu Township in Rakhine

State.[11] An international standard airport is also to be constructed. The six free trade zones will be Thilawa Port

Yangon, Mawlamyine in Mon State, Myawaddy and Hpa-an in Kayin State, Kyaukphyu in Rakhine State and Py

Oo Lwin in Mandalay Region.[12] According to the country's Special Economic Zone Law's Act 7, Section 36,

homes and farming properties located on a proposed SEZ must be duly relocated and reimbursed. [13]

The Myanmar Port Authority has been involved in facilitating contracts to develop Myanmar's Special Economic

Zones, including a USD $8.6 billion deal to develop a deep sea port at Dawei, by Italian-Thai Development). [14]

Nigeria

2 Chinese SEZ's are constructed in Nigeria.[4]

North Korea

TheRajin-Sonbong Economic Special Zone was established under a UN economic development programme in

1994. Located on the bank of the Tuman River, the zone borders on the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture

(or, Yeonbyeon in Korean) of the People's Republic of China, as well as Russia. In 2000 the name of the area wa

shortened to Rason and became separate from the North Hamgyeong Province.

Pakistan

Taking the example of the Chinese success with their SEZs, China is helping Pakistan develop the RUBA SEZ on

the outskirts of Lahore. RUBA SEZ PVT LTD is a subsidiary of RUBA Group of Companies and was expanded

from existing Haier RUBA Economic Zone. http://ruba-sez.com.pk/

Other economic zones include the China-Pakistan economic zone open only to Chinese investors and also the

future crown jewel of Pakistan, Gwadar.

There are also talks of creating a Japanese city for foreign investors from Japan only.

There has also been new SEZ proposed on the currently under construction Sialkot-Lahore motorway, Qatar has

proposed an investment for $1 billion in a new SEZ along the motorway.

There is also a new zone under construction in Faislababd, which will be the biggest industrial estate of Pakistanwhen complete, it has sections for each country and the first phase is already complete with a special Chinese zone

in it.

List of SEZs in Pakistan

Karachi Export Processing Zone, Karachi, Sindh

Risalpur Export Processing Zone, Risalpur

Sialkot Export Processing Zone, Sialkot, Punjab

Gujranwala Export Processing Zone, Gujranwala, Punjab
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujranwalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujranwalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialkothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialkothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risalpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risalpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi_Export_Processing_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwadarhttp://ruba-sez.com.pk/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Hamgyonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanbian_Korean_Autonomous_Prefecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajin-Sonbong_Economic_Special_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-The_6_Chinese_SEZ.27s_in_Africa-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italthai_Industrial_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daweihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar_Port_Authorityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyin_Oo_Lwinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyaukphyuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hpa-anhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myawaddyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mawlamyinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thilawa_Porthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakhine_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyaukpyu_Townshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sittwe_Townshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_language


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Philippines

Philippine economic zones (ecozones) are collections of industries, brought together geographically for the purpos

of promoting economic development. These ecozones were established through Republic Act No. 7916, otherwis

known as "The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995" as amended by Republic Act No. 8748. [15]

Philippine Ecozones are generally administered by the Philippine Economic Zone Authority

(http://www.peza.gov.ph/) through a Board (PEZA Board), attached to the Department of Trade and Industry. ThPEZA Board sets the general policies on the establishment and operations of the Ecozones, industrial estates,

export processing zones, free trade zones, and the like.[16] They also review proposals for the establishment of

Ecozones, which they subsequently endorse to the President of the Republic of the Philippines. In addition, the

PEZA Board regulates and undertakes the establishment, operation and maintenance of utilities, other services and

infrastructure in the Ecozone, such as heat, light and power, water supply, telecommunications, transport, toll road

and bridges, port services, and the like.[17]

Several incentives are granted to business establishments operating within Philippine Ecozones, particularly those

found in the Omnibus Investments Code of 1987.[18] These incentives include income tax holidays; zero percent

(0%) duty on importation of capital equipment, spare parts, and accessories; exemption from wharfage dues andexport tax, impost or fees; and the simplification of customs procedures, among others. [19] In addition, The Specia

Economic Zone Act of 1995 exempts business establishments operating within Ecozones from all taxes. In lieu of

paying all other taxes, business establishments are only required to pay five percent (5%) of their gross income to

the national government.[20][21]

Activities Eligible for PEZA Registration and Incentives include but are not limited to (1) Export Manufacturing; (2

Information Technology Service Export; (3) Tourism; (4) Medical Tourism; (5) Agro-industrial Export

Manufacturing; (6) Agro-industrial Bio-Fuel Manufacturing; and (7) Logistics and Warehousing Services.[22]

Although designed to operate separately from the political and economic milieu of surrounding communities,Philippine economic zones do in fact interact with their neighbors. As of 31 May 2010, there were more than 200

Ecozones in the Philippines. Of these more than 200 Ecozones, seven (7) are Agro-Industrial Economic Zones,

134 are Information Technology Parks and Centers, 65 are Manufacturing Ecozones, two (2) are Medical Tourism

Parks/Centers, and nine (9) are Tourism Economic Zones. Of the 41 private economic zones, the biggest exporter

is Gateway Business Park in General Trias, Cavite and the second biggest private ecozone is Laguna Technopark

Inc. The four governmentally owned are Cavite Economic Zone, Bataan Economic Zone, Mactan Economic Zone

and Baguio City Economic Zone. Some of the more well-known Economic zones are the Clark Special Economic

Zone, and Subic Economic Zone, former military bases of the United States of America.

List of SEZs in the Philippines

Some of the over 200 SEZs in the Philippines are as follows:

Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (76.59 hectares)

Clark Special Economic Zone (29,365 hectares)

Freeport Area of Bataan (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeport_Area_of_Bataan) (1,742.48 hectares)

PHIVIDEC Industrial Authority

Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone Authority
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cagayan_Special_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamboanga_City_Special_Economic_Zone_Authorityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeport_Area_of_Bataanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Special_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subic_Bay_Metropolitan_Authorityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baguio_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-15http://www.peza.gov.ph/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-14


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Aurora Pacific Economic Zone and Freeport Authority (APECO)

Light Industry & Science Park I, II, & III (272.22 hectares)

Laguna Technopark (289.95 hectares)

Laguna International Industrial Park (34.88 hectares)

Hermosa Ecozone Industrial Park (142.04 hectares)

Keppel Philippines Marine Special Economic Zone (22.92 hectares)

Filinvest Technology Park - Calamba (51.07 hectares)[23]

Carmelray Industrial Park I&II - Calamba (CIP I 60.86 hectares; CIP II 143.03 hectares) [23]

Poland

There are 14 Special Economic Zones in Poland[24]

Kamiennogrska SSE

Katowice Special Economic ZoneKostrzysko-Subicka SSE

Krakowski Park Technologiczny

Legnicka SSE

dzka SSE

SSE EURO-PARK MIELEC

Supska SSE

SSE Starachowice

Suwalska SSE

Pomorska SSE (Pomeranian Special Economic Zone)

Tarnobrzeska SSEWabrzych Special Economic Zone "INVEST-PARK"

Warmisko-Mazurska SSE OKS pany

In Poland, special economic zones are criticized for being some sort of Chinese-style labor camps where labor

rights are denied for workers.[25][26]

Republic of Korea (South Korea)

Korean FEZs are designated by law[27] to facilitate foreign investment, and thereby to strengthen national

competitiveness and seek balanced development among regions by improving the business environment for foreign

invested enterprises and living conditions for foreigners.

There are six Free Economic Zones in South Korea. The first three zones were created in 2003 and three more

were created in 2008. Jeju Island is not a Free Economic Zone but a free international city.

1. Incheon Free Economic Zone (IFEZ) in 2003

2. Busan-Jinhae Free Economic Zone (BJFEZ) in 2004
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Busan-Jinhae_Free_Economic_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incheon_Free_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wa%C5%82brzych_Special_Economic_Zone_%22INVEST-PARK%22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSE_EURO-PARK_MIELEChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-peza.gov.ph-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-peza.gov.ph-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APECOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cagayan_Special_Economic_Zone


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3. Gwangyang Free Economic Zone (GFEZ) in 2004

4. Saemangum Free Economic Zone (SGFEZ) in 2008

5. Yellow Sea Free Economic Zone (YESFEZ) in 2008

6. Daegu-Gyeongbuk Free Economic Zone (DGFEZ) in 2008

Russia

Russia currently has 16 federal economic zones and several regional projects.

As of March 2010 Russia's federal special economic zones host 207 investors from 18 countries. There are major

MNCs among investors to Russia's SEZ, such as Yokohama, Cisco, Isuzu, Air Liquide, Bekaert, Rockwool and

many others.

Russias 15 existing and to-be federal special economic zones are managed by OJSC "Special Economic Zones".

OJSC "SEZ" was founded in 2006 to accumulate and implement world's best practices in developing and managin

SEZ and promote Foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Russian economy. It is fully owned and funded by the

Russian state.

Federal economic zones in Russia are regulated by Federal Law # 116 FZ issued on July 22, 2005.

Technical/Innovational Zones

Dubna

Zelenograd (Moscow)

AreaAlabushevo

AreaMIET

Saint PetersburgAreaNeudorf(Russian: ) - area in Strelna near Saint Petersburg

AreaNovo-Orlovskoye (Russian: -) - area in Saint Petersburg

Tomsk

AreaNorth

Area South

Industrial/developmental Zones

Alabuga (special economic zone)

Lipetsk

SEZ Togliatti (http://oeztogliatti.ru/en/)

SEZ Titanium Valley" (http://titanium-valley.com)

Tourist Zones

Krasnodar Krai

Stavropol Krai

Kaliningrad Oblast (Yantar, Kaliningrad Special Economic Zone)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yantar,_Kaliningradhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stavropol_Kraihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krasnodar_Kraihttp://titanium-valley.com/http://oeztogliatti.ru/en/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipetskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabuga_(economic_zone)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strelnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Institute_of_Electronic_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zelenogradhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Best_practiceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekaerthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Liquidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isuzuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciscohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yokohamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MNChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daegu-Gyeongbuk_Free_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yellow_Sea_Free_Economic_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saemangum_Free_Economic_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gwangyang_Free_Economic_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1


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Altai Krai

Altai Republic

Irkutsk Oblast

Buryatia

Vladivostok

Ukraine

Special Economic Zones existed in Ukraine until March 31, 2005. The first created was the Nouth-Crimean

Experimental Economic Zone Syvash (since 1996). From 1998 to 2000 11 new zones were created.

Name Location Area EstablishedTime

limit*

NCEEZ Syvash Autonomous Republic of Crimea 1996 5 years

Slavutych Slavutych, Kiev Oblast 2,000 ha 30.06.1998

until

01.01.202

Azov Mariupol, Donetsk Oblast 315 ha 21.07.1998 60 years

Donetsk Donetsk, Donetsk Oblast 466 ha 21.07.1998 60 years

ZakarpattiaUzhhorodskyi Raion and Mukachivskyi Raion,

Zakarpattia Oblast737 ha 09.01.1999 30 years

Yavoriv Yavorivskyi Raion, Lviv Oblast116,000

ha17.02.1999

until

01.01.202

Interport Kovel Kovel, Volyn Oblast 57 ha 01.01.2000 20 years

Kurortopolis

TruskavetsTruskavets, Lviv Oblast 774 ha 01.01.2000 20 years

MykolaivMykolaiv, Mykolaiv Oblast, shipyard territory, and

adjoining area865 ha 01.01.2000 30 years

Port Krym Kerch, Autonomous Republic of Crimea 27 ha 01.01.2000 30 years

Porto-Franco Odessa, part of Odessa Trade Sea Port's territory 32 ha 01.01.2000 25 years

Reni Reni, Odessa Oblast 94 ha 17.05.2000 30 years* Initially planned time of operation given. All zones were shut down on March 31, 2005.

NCEEZ Nouth-Crimean Experimental Economic Zone.

Sources: [8] (http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/publish/article?art_id=6502922) [9]

(http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/uk/publish/article?art_id=3249330&cat_id=32190) [10]

(http://www.gazdagroup.com/gazda/ua/vezpilgy.html) and ..,

. , . , 2007, pages: 49, 310319
http://www.gazdagroup.com/gazda/ua/vezpilgy.htmlhttp://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/uk/publish/article?art_id=3249330&cat_id=32190http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/publish/article?art_id=6502922http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reni,_Ukrainehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mykolaiv_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mykolaivhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lviv_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truskavetshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volyn_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kovelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lviv_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakarpattia_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukachivskyi_Raionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzhhorodskyi_Raionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donetsk_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donetskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donetsk_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariupolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiev_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavutychhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syvashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladivostokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Buryatiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_Kraihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yantar,_Kaliningradhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast


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Uzbekistan

NAVOI FREE INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIC ZONE in Uzbekistan[28]

In order to further stimulate attraction of foreign investments, to create the most comfortable conditions for foreign

investments and to use more effectively great economic and investment potential of Uzbekistan Free Industrial

Economic Zone Navoi was created according to Decree of the President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov on

December 2, 2008 at the territory o Navoi region of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Navoi FIEZ offers wide range of opportunities for foreign investors and initially endows business with important

comparative advantages. Location of Navoi FIEZ is at the territory of 564 ha near Navoi city, one of the most

industrial in Uzbekistan and 100175 km away from big cities and industrial centres of Uzbekistan - Bukhara and

Samarkand.

Navoi FIEZ territory is subject to special legislative regulations including for taxing, currency, customs and

simplified order for entry, stay and departure for non-residents of Uzbekistan. Comprehensive preferences apply

for tax, customs and other obligatory payments. Operation period of Navoi FIEZ is 30 years with possibility of

further extension.

Land parcels at the territory of Navoi FIEZ are provided for rent to businessmen for the period of investment

activity at very low rates or free of charge. Thats why businesses dont have any need to buy land to start

production and therefore dont have to make additional spendings.

To ensure the most comfortable conditions for investors, production sites in Navoi FIEZ are provided with high

level infrastructure. FIEZ enterprises are provided with adequate transport and service infrastructure, labor securit

systems and comfortable living conditions.

Zambia

Zambia is home to two Chinese-supported Special Economic Zones. One sits just outside of Lusaka and the othe

is in the copper rich town of Chambishi.[29] The zones combine expedited customs and administration procedures

with tax incentives, to increase investment.[30]

See also

Urban Enterprise Zone

References

1. ^ [1] (http://www.lecho.be/actualite/economie_-_politique_international/Congo-_Le_-paradis-

_ou_le_droit_fera_la_loi.8989989-3164.art) Le "paradis" o le droit fera la loi, L'Echo, novembre 2010.

2. ^ http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/german-government-wants-to-create-special-economic-zones-in-

europe-a-835224.html

3. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_sovereign-debt_crisis#Trade_imbalances

4. ^ abc The 6 Chinese SEZ's in Africa (http://www.chinaafricarealstory.com/2011/02/chinas-special-economic-

zones-in-africa.html)
http://www.chinaafricarealstory.com/2011/02/chinas-special-economic-zones-in-africa.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-The_6_Chinese_SEZ.27s_in_Africa_3-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-The_6_Chinese_SEZ.27s_in_Africa_3-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-The_6_Chinese_SEZ.27s_in_Africa_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_sovereign-debt_crisis#Trade_imbalanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-2http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/german-government-wants-to-create-special-economic-zones-in-europe-a-835224.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-1http://www.lecho.be/actualite/economie_-_politique_international/Congo-_Le_-paradis-_ou_le_droit_fera_la_loi.8989989-3164.arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-congo_0-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Enterprise_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan


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5. ^ List of Operational SEZs in India (http://www.sezindia.nic.in/about-osi.asp)

6. ^ List of Approved SEZs in India (http://www.sezindia.nic.in/about-asi.asp)

7. ^ Hakimian, Hassan (2009).Irans Free Trade and Special Economic Zones: Challenges and Opportunities

(http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/8297/1/FreeZonesinIran_HH_USCSept2009.pdf) . Conference on Iranian Economy at a

Crossroads, University of Southern California.

http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/8297/1/FreeZonesinIran_HH_USCSept2009.pdf. Retrieved 27 June 2012

8. ^ "Astana - New City" (http://liveweb.archive.org/http://zhana.astana.kz/en/) . Kazakhstan. Archived from the

original (http://zhana.astana.kz/en/) on 16 July 2012. http://liveweb.archive.org/http://zhana.astana.kz/en/. Retrieve

16 July 2012.9. ^ [2] (http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/articles/eceqa/Article/#ixzz0o9btwmOu) Read more:

SEZ set to fire up economic growth

10. ^ Mauritius Jinfei Economic Trade and Cooperation Zone (http://www.consultancyafrica.com/index.php?

option=com_content&view=article&id=490:special-economic-zones-sezs-in-africa-chinas-economic-developmen

model-comes-to-mauritius&catid=58:asia-dimension-discussion-papers&Itemid=264)

11. ^ "

" (http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?

option=com_content&view=article&id=4450:2010-08-25-06-29-57&catid=45:2009-11-10-07-45-41&Itemid=113

(in Burmese). Weekly Eleven News. 2010-08-22. http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?


Retrieved 2010-08-28.12. ^ "Roundup: Myanmar on road to establishing special economic zones"

(http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200703/13/eng20070313_357029.html) .Xinhua (People's Daily). March 13,

2007. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200703/13/eng20070313_357029.html. Retrieved 10 July 2011.

13. ^ "

" (http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?


(in Burmese). Weekly Eleven News. 13 June 2011. http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?


Retrieved 10 July 2011.

14. ^ Aye Thidar Kyaw; Stuart Deed (7 February 2011). "SPDC signs Special Economic Zone law into effect on Jan

27" (http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/561/biz56102.html) .Myanmar Times.

http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/561/biz56102.html. Retrieved 23 August 2011.

15. ^ The text of The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995 is found at http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?

option=com_content&view=article&id=97&Itemid=55 or

http://www.chanrobles.com/specialeconomiczoneact.htm

16. ^ The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995, sec. 12

17. ^ Id.

18. ^ The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995, sec. 23.

19. ^ Omnibus Investments Code, art. 39.

20. ^ The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995, sec. 24.

21. ^ See also Fiscal Incentives to PEZA-Registered Economic Zone Enterprises available at

http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=112&Itemid=15422. ^ http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=111&Itemid=153

23. ^ ab http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=116&Itemid=161

24. ^ [3] (http://www.mg.gov.pl/Specjalne+strefy+ekonomiczne/Wykaz+SSE/) SEZ in Poland-Source-Govt of Polan

25. ^Sackings expose the harsh reality of Poland's junk jobs

(http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/jul/23/sackings-poland-junk-jobs-chung-hong) , the Guardian,

July 2012

26. ^ http://nowe-peryferie.pl/index.php/2012/03/maciejewska-kobiety-w-strefie-pracowniczego-bezprawia

27. ^ In 2002, the Special Act on Designation and Management of Free Economic Zones was first legislated. The late

version in English as of April 15, 2010 is available here (http://www.moleg.go.kr/lawinfo/engLawInfo?

pstSeq=54760&searchCondition=AllForEngLaw&searchKeyword=%ea%b2%bd%ec%a0%9c%ec%9e%90%ec%
http://www.moleg.go.kr/lawinfo/engLawInfo?pstSeq=54760&searchCondition=AllForEngLaw&searchKeyword=%ea%b2%bd%ec%a0%9c%ec%9e%90%ec%9c%a0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-26http://nowe-peryferie.pl/index.php/2012/03/maciejewska-kobiety-w-strefie-pracowniczego-bezprawiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardianhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/jul/23/sackings-poland-junk-jobs-chung-honghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-24http://www.mg.gov.pl/Specjalne+strefy+ekonomiczne/Wykaz+SSE/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-23http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=116&Itemid=161http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-peza.gov.ph_22-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-peza.gov.ph_22-0http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=111&Itemid=153http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-21http://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=112&Itemid=154http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-15http://www.chanrobles.com/specialeconomiczoneact.htmhttp://www.peza.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=97&Itemid=55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-14http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/561/biz56102.htmlhttp://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/561/biz56102.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-13http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8892:2011-06-12-20-34-06&catid=45:2009-11-10-07-45-41&Itemid=113http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8892:2011-06-12-20-34-06&catid=45:2009-11-10-07-45-41&Itemid=113http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-12http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200703/13/eng20070313_357029.htmlhttp://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200703/13/eng20070313_357029.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-11http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4450:2010-08-25-06-29-57&catid=45:2009-11-10-07-45-41&Itemid=113http://www.news-eleven.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4450:2010-08-25-06-29-57&catid=45:2009-11-10-07-45-41&Itemid=113http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-10http://www.consultancyafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=490:special-economic-zones-sezs-in-africa-chinas-economic-development-model-comes-to-mauritius&catid=58:asia-dimension-discussion-papers&Itemid=264http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-9http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/articles/eceqa/Article/#ixzz0o9btwmOuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-8http://liveweb.archive.org/http://zhana.astana.kz/en/http://zhana.astana.kz/en/http://liveweb.archive.org/http://zhana.astana.kz/en/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-7http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/8297/1/FreeZonesinIran_HH_USCSept2009.pdfhttp://eprints.soas.ac.uk/8297/1/FreeZonesinIran_HH_USCSept2009.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-6http://www.sezindia.nic.in/about-asi.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-5http://www.sezindia.nic.in/about-osi.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_economic_zone#cite_ref-4


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c%a0) .

28. ^ [4] (http://www.fiez.uz/en_page2.php?page=8)

29. ^ "China's stake in Zambia's election" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14952240) . BBC News. 19

September 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14952240.

30. ^ http://vle.worldbank.org/bnpp/en/publications/trade/china-s-investment-african-special-economic-zones-

prospects-challenges-and-opport

Chee Kian Leong, 2007, A Tale of Two Countries: Openness and Growth in China and India [11]

(http://www.degit.ifw-kiel.de/papers/degit_12/C012_042.pdf) , Dynamics, Economic Growth, andInternational Trade (DEGIT) Conference Paper.

Chee Kian Leong, (forthcoming), Special economic zones and growth in China and India: an empirical

investigation,[12] (http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10368-012-0223-6) International

Economics and Economic Policy.

External links

..

(http://issuu.com/n.shmonov/docs/monography_historical12/)

Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority BEPZA (http://www.epzbangladesh.org.bd/index.php)

South Kazakhstan "Ontustyk" special economic zone (http://www.textilezone.kz/)

Indian Special Economic Zones (http://www.sezindia.nic.in/)

Export Processing Zones Authority Pakistan (http://www.epza.gov.pk/)

PEZA Philippines website (http://www.peza.gov.ph/)

India Special Economic zones map (http://www.economiczones.mapunity.org/)

Open Joint Stock Company "Special Economic Zones" (Russia) (http://www.oao-oez.ru/)

U.S.S.R. Special Economic Zones (http://simon31.narod.ru/syndromeofsocialism.htm/)India: Citizens group demand moratorium on SEZs OneWorld South Asia

(http://southasia.oneworld.net/todaysheadlines/citizens-group-demand-moratorium-on-sezs)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special_economic_zone&oldid=519059298"

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