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ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES

the smallest continentthe largest island

the Pacific Oceanthe Indian Ocean

The flag of Australia.

The Australian flag is the only one to fiy over the whole continent. The small Union Jack represents the historical link with Britain, the large seven-pointed star represents the six states and the territories, and the small stars form the Southern Cross - a prominent feature of the southern hemisphere night sky.

Australia’s coat of arms.

• Australia’s coat of arms-the official emblem of the Australian Government- was granted by king George V in 1912. The arms consists of a shield containing the badges of the six states. The supporters are native Australian fauna - a Kangaroo and an emu.

• A yellow-flowered native plant, wattle, also appears in the design.

The Commonwealth of The Commonwealth of AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA

The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal state within the Commonwealth. Its territories are the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and a number of smaller islands. It has an area of about 8 million square kilometres.

Geographical Position

• The country is situated in the south –west of the Pacific Ocean , occupaying the continent of Australia and a great number of islands.

Tasmania is the most important of them.

The Territory

• Australia is a continent-island washed by the Indian and the Pacific Oceans. The area of this country has 7000000 square kilometers. Australia is the largest island in the world and the smallest continent.

It is the world’s largest island and its smallest

continent.

History of Australia

• The east coast of Australia was discovered by

Captain Cook in 1770.

Captain James Cook discovered Australia in 1770. He was sent to discover the huge land that many people believed was south of the

equator. He landed south of present day Sydney in New South Wales. He claimed this part of the land for the

King of England.

In 1851 gold was discovered about 300 km west of Sydney.

People rushed to the gold fields to find their fortunes. This attracted

robbers called bushrangers.

The Aborigines are the

Australian natives that had

been living there for

thousands of years before the first Europeans

came to Australia in the

1600s.

The continent of Australia is mostly a

great plain with mountains in the

east and south-east.

Much of the land is a useless

desert. Great deserts cover

nearly

2 000 000 square kilometres.

• Most of the continent is sunny most of the year.

• Severe droughts, floods and

cyclones happen very often on the

continent. The people suffer from limited fresh water.

• The tropical forests are displaced by savanna or grassland. In the south-east and on the sides of the mountains there are forests of eucalyptus and other evergreen trees.

Australians really love nature. They try to

protect their nature and their animals.

THE STRANGE WORLD OF AUSTRALIAN ANIMALS

Australia has been called “the land of differences” and “the continent of contrasts”. There are many ways in which it is different from other countries. The first thing most people think of are the strange native animals

There are many wild animals in Australia. Some of them, such as

the kangaroo

the koala

the dingo or wild

dogare not found in any other

country of the world

The native birds of Australia are very interesting. The emu, for example, which

with kangaroo is represented on the australian coat-of-arms, is the next-tallest

bird in the world after the ostritch.

•The capital of Australia is Canberra.

There are 5 big

cities in Australia: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane.

Canberra is the capital of Australia. It is very young city.Population is about 310,000 people.

Capitol Hill Canberra Fountain

Capital of New South Wales. Leading industrial city.

Population: 3,200,000 people.

St. Maria Cathedral

The Harbour Bridge

Sydney

Sydney AMP Tower

Opera House

Capital of Victoria. The world’s most livable city.

Population: 3.200.000

Train StationMelbourne

Bridge

Old House

Capital of Queensland. It is a year-round vocation place. Population is about 1,400,000 people.

Brisbane BridgeBrisbane Skyscrapers

Brisbane

Capital of South Australia. A pretty and industrial city.

Population: 1,100,000 people.

Victoria Square Fountain

Gold Beach

Adelaide

Capital of Western Australia. One of the best climates in

Australia. Population: 1.200.000 people.

King’s Park

Perth Skyscrapers

Capital of island-state Tasmania. Winters are very cold. Population

of about 200,000.

Bay of Fires

Coles BayRemarkable Cave

Lavender Farm

What factors explain the following peculiarities of Australia?

• The seasons are the other way

round in Australia

• The continent is south of the Equator.

What factors explain the following peculiarities of Australia?

•

• Australia is sometimes called

the Land Down Under.

• New Year is in the middle of summer, the middle of winter is in June, and the winter months are never cold.

• Hot winds blow from the north, cold winds blow from the south.

What factors explain the following peculiarities of Australia?

• The few rivers play an especially important role in people’s lives.

Much of the land is a useless desert. Great deserts cover

nearly 2 mln sq kms.

The people suffer from limited fresh water.

What factors explain the following peculiarities of Australia?

• The island’s wildlife is so

unique today.

Australia became cut off from the rest

of the world.

• By whom was Australia discovered and when was it happened?• When was the birth of the new nation

celebrated?• What is the official name of Australia?• What landscape is typical of Australia?• Name the greatest rivers of Australia?• What animals live in Australia?• Name big cities of Australia.• What is the capital of Australia?

• Is Australia an island continent?• What kind of animals has it?• What is the best known animals? • Where do the kangaroos carry their babies?• What is the other name of koala?• Do they like to hang upside down in the trees?• What do the koalas eat?• Do the koalas drink water?• The dingo is the wild dog, isn’t it?

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