SpeakOut

Teacher Answers

Speak Out - Answers1

ContentsSection One: Finding Your Voice ............................................................ 3

Section Two: Listening ............................................................................. 7

Section Three: Language Choice ............................................................. 7

Section Four: Drama and Role Play ....................................................... 9

Section Five: Discussing ......................................................................... 11

Section Six: Giving a Speech .................................................................. 13

Section Seven: Bringing It Together ..................................................... 14

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Section One: Finding your VoiceLO: To understand the basic components of public speaking.

Quickfire QuestionCan you write a definition for these two terms?

Tone: the pitch, character and quality of your voice – this can include emotions, such as anger or happiness.

Volume: how loud your voice is.

Give It a GoHow many different tones of voice can you think of? Make a list.

Suggestions:

Tone and Volume

1. Angry

2. Happy

3. Commanding

4. Authoritative

5. Uncertain

6. Sly

7. Confident

8. Miserable

9. Placating

10. Sincere

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Quickfire QuestionLook at the diagram below. Can you work out which labels go where?

Breathing

lungs

ribs

diaphragm

vocal chords

mouth

trachea

Quickfire QuestionWrite your own definition of the following term.

Body language: our (conscious and unconscious) posture, gestures and proximity to other people, which communicates a message about our attitude and feelings.

Body Language

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Give It a GoBody language is an important part of how we communicate. The way we position our body and the gestures we make tell others a lot about how we are feeling and what we are thinking.

Look at the poses below. Can you describe what they might be telling us?

Body Language What It Tells Me

Emphasising, accusing, teaching or explaining.

OK, agreeing, giving permission.

Unyielding, unsympathetic, distant, authoritative.

Relaxed, casual, feeling like an equal to whoever they are with.

Thinking, considering, listening carefully.

Sincere, listening, calm.

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Quickfire QuestionWhat do you think might be the disadvantages of using notes when speaking to an audience? List as many reasons as you can think of:

Suggestions:

1. It reduces eye contact because we are looking down.

2. It reduces volume because we are looking down – so our voice is directed at the floor.

3. It confines body language because we are holding something, so cannot gesture effectively.

4. It reduces confidence because we rely on our notes – and if we lose them, we panic.

5. It limits spontaneity and naturalness of tone.

Using Notes

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Section Two: ListeningLO: To hone listening and active listening skills.

Quickfire QuestionCan you find a definition for the following terms?

Active listening: listening carefully and being fully engaged; showing this by making small gestures (such as nodding), or making small sounds (such as “mmm-hmmm” or “yes”), and asking questions.

Acknowledging: showing that you have heard and understood someone, either verbally or through gesture.

Section Three: Language ChoicesLO: To know how and why we might use language differently.

Thinking PointWho else might use jargon?

Suggestions:• Pilots• Teachers• Footballers• Chefs• Builders

Jargon

Active Listening and Acknowledging

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stethoscope

verb

PPE

defender

car

winch

industry

player

piston

book

RAM

firewall

What do you think the advantages and disadvantages might be when using jargon?

Advantage: you can talk precisely about the given subject to others.

Disadvantage: those without knowledge of the jargon will not understand you.

Quickfire QuestionLook at the words below. Circle any words that you think are jargon.

Give It a GoRead the example paragraph below. Using a highlighter, can you identify any jargon being used?

When you are scuba diving, it is important that you follow some simple steps before each dive:

1. Make sure that you check your tanks and gear, such as your snorkel and mask, carefully and complete the buddy check before each dive.

2. Once in the water, descend slowly and equalise every few feet.

3. When you get down, make sure your buoyancy is dialled in.

4. You may also need to adjust air pressure in your ears. You can also assess your health suitability for a dive by consulting a doctor with awareness of the Divers Alert Network (DAN).

5. Don’t forget to regularly check the gauge on your tanks to make sure you have enough air to continue your dive.

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Section Four: Drama and Role PlayLO: To practise drama and role-play techniques.

Quickfire QuestionWhen we read a character in a play, what clues do we have to know what they are like? Make a list.

Suggestions:

1. What they say.

2. What others say about them.

3. How they behave.

4. How others treat them.

5. What the stage directions tell us.

Working from a Script

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Give It a GoRead this short extract from a play. What clues do we get about Marlowe from the text? Highlight anything which might give you a hint about how an actor should play his character - annotate to show what it tells you.

The Jacksons’ kitchen. Selma is at the sink, peeling potatoes. Marlowe enters in his school uniform and dumps his bag on the floor.

Selma: Hello, love. Did you have a good day?

Marlowe: Nope. (Sits.)

Selma: What happened? Did you get into trouble again?

Marlowe: Why d’you say that? Why are you always having a go at me?

Selma: I’m not. I just-

Marlowe: (Pushes back his chair and stands up.) Can you just get off my back for five seconds? Everyone’s always getting at me.

Selma: Maybe there’s a reason for that.

Marlowe: (Shouts.) What’s that supposed to mean?

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Section Section Five: DiscussingLO: To develop skills for effective discussions.

Quickfire QuestionWhat makes a good discussion? List five things.

Suggestions:

1. Listening to others.

2. Acknowledging others’ viewpoints.

3. Suggesting ideas.

4. Waiting your turn to speak.

5. Allowing everyone to speak.

What kinds of things happen when a discussion doesn’t work or isn’t productive? List five things.

Suggestions:

1. People getting angry.

2. People not contributing.

3. People talking over each other.

4. People repeating points.

5. People ignoring others’ viewpoints.

Give It a GoLook at the roles below that would help to make discussions more productive. Can you match the definition with the role?

Roles in Group Discussions

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Listening/Note Taking

A thinker who can query ideas that are put forward in order to develop them further. This may also involve asking for more details or posing questions about how it might work in order to grow the idea.

This is an important job because it involves listening and then repeating back ideas in a concise way. It may also involve sharing verdicts or outcomes from the discussion in terms of next steps.

Writing down what is said so that nothing is forgotten. This could be noted down in the form of a mind map or list.

This person needs to be confident and able to keep the rest of the team focused on the task at hand. It is important they know the focus of the discussion to make sure the discussion that is taking place is relevant.

Questioning/Clarifying

Direction/Staying on Topic

Summarising/Consolidating Discussion

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Section Section Six: Giving a SpeechLO: To develop skills for effective discussions.

Quickfire QuestionLook at the examples below. Which one talks directly to the listener and engages the listener through direct address?

Extension: Highlight any personal pronouns you can see being used in either example.

Quickfire QuestionLook at Winston Churchill’s famous speech declaring war. Highlight any words or phrases that you think are repeated for effect.

…we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.

Why do you think it is effective to repeat these phrases? How might it make you react as a listener?

Suggestions:

• Repetition emphasises the point.

• The use of direct address makes the listener feel included.

• The rhythm of the repetition makes the speech engaging and memorable.

Structuring an Argument

Example 1

Someone needs to do something about the rubbish that is all over school. It looks messy. It is strongly believed that it is down to the students to sort it out.

Example 2

We need to do something about the rubbish that is all over school. Don’t you think it looks messy? I strongly believe it is down to us to sort it out.

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Section Seven: Bringing It TogetherLO: To practise effective speaking and listening skills.

Quickfire QuestionWhy are good speaking and listening skills important?

Suggestions:• They help us to engage with others.

• They help us to communicate our thoughts and ideas.

• They help us to understand the opinions of others.

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