spanish kingdoms 14th–15th
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14th – 15th
Spanish Kingdoms
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Main Characteristics
• There was no political unity:– Nasrid Kingdom of Granada– Kingdom of Castile– Crown of Aragon– Kingdom of Navarre– Kingdom of Portugal
• Fights between Nobility and Monarchy for controlling the power.
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Castile
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• Civil war between Pedro I, the Cruel and his stepbrother Enrique (Enrique II).
• New Dynasty: Trastámara• Conflicts between Monarchy and Nobility
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Enrique IIPedro I,the Cruel
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Aragon
• Mediterranean Expansion• Jaime II: Conquest of Sardinia• Pedro IV: Duchies of Athens and Neopatria• Arrival of the dynasty of “Trastámara”:
– “Compromiso de Caspe”: Fernando I (Trastámara dynasty)
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Navarre
• New dynasty: Évreux• Under the influence of France
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Social Problems• The Black Death: it occurred in all the
Kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula.
Dance of Death
All social classes were equal for The Death
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Pogroms• Persecution of Jews
– Castile: • 1391, Toledo (between 8.000 – 20.000 Jews were
killed)• 15th : attacks against converts
– Aragón: • Barcelona, Gerona, Valencia (100.000 Jews)• Moorish quarters
– Navarre: 1328
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Reasons:• Jews collected taxes• Controlled loans• They didn’t integrate• They were accused of many types of evil
deeds.Consequences• Many Jews changed their religion, they
converted.• Many Jews emigrated: Diaspora
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Revolts against NobilityCastile:• Irmandiño Wars• Peasants and Cities rebelled against Nobility
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Aragon:• Rebellion of the Remences (“Payeses de
Remensa”)• Peasants and fought against Nobles• They managed to get the feudal uses
abolished.
• Conflict between “La Biga y La Busca”– “La Biga”: composed by the city oligarchy– “La Busca”: artisans that want to participate in the
town council