Grammar Book

By: Benito Warren

Table of Contents• Imperfect• Preterite• -Car, -Gar, -Zar• Spock Verbs• Snake y Snakey• Modal Verbs• Adverbs• Progressive (Past, Present)• Future (Irregular)• Superlatives• Formal Commands• Prepositions• Conditional• Demonstratives• Ordinals

Imperfecto

• Formulas!!!

• Hace + time + que + Verb

• Hay + Que + Infinative

• Se Prohibe + Infinative

• Ir a + Infinative

-Car, -Gar, -Zar

-Car -Gar -ZarToque Jague Comence

Tocaste Jugaste Comenzaste

Toco Jugo Comenzo

Tocamos Jugamos Comenzamos

Tocaron Jugaron Comenzaron

Spock Verbs

Ir/Ser

Fui

Fuiste

Fue

Fuimos

Fueron

Hacer

Histe

Hiciste

Hizo

Hicimos

Hicieron

Dar/Ver

-i

-iste

-io

-imos

-ieron

La Cucaracha Verbs• Verbs• Andar- Anduv• Estar- Estuv• Poder- Pod• Poner- Pus• Querer- Quis• Saber- Sup• Tener- Tuv• Venir- Vin

• Decir- Dij• Traer- Traj

• Conducir- Conduj• Producir- Produj• Traducir- Traduj

-e

-iste

-o

-imos

-isteis

-ieron

Snake y Snakey

• Dormir

• Dormi

• Dormimos

• Dormiste

• Durmio

• Dumieron

•Leer•Lei

•Leimos

•Leiste

•Leyo

•Leyeron

Modal Verbs

• Ir + a + Infinative = going to do something

• Querer + Infinative = Want to do something

• Poder + Infinative = Able to do something

• Deber + Infinative = should do something

• Soler + Infinative = to be accustomed to

• Tener que + Infinative = to have to do

Adverbs

• Add a feminine ending and a –mente to an adj.

• If there are two adverbs that modify the same verb, the second one is the only one that takes the –mente, but the first still has the feminine ending.

Progressive (Past/Present)

• Present

• Ending in –ing

• Er/Ir = iendo

• Ar = ando •Past Ex. Past Ex.

•They were workingThey were working

•Estaban trabajandoEstaban trabajando

Futuro

• Tense used for I will do

• Er/Ir = Infinative + e, as, a, emos, eis, an

• Ar = Infinative + e, as, a, emos, eis, an

• Ex.

• I will play tomorrow

• Juege manana

Irregular Futuro

• Decir = Dir• Hacer = Har• Poner = Pondr• Salir = Saldr• Tener = Tendr• Voler = Vendr• Podir = Podr• Querer = Quer• Saber = Sabr

Superlative

• Used when trying to say something has the most or least.

• Mas + Adj

• Menos + Adj

Formal Commands

• Affirmative• Put in ‘yo’ form and change to

opposite vowel. • Ar e• Er/Ir a

• Negative• No + (same rules as Affirmative)

Prepositions• Izquierda = Left• Derecha = Right• Delante = Before • Cerca = Close• Detras = Behind• Abajo = Below• Lejos = Away• Arriba = Up• Enfrente = Opposite• Encima = Above

Demonstratives

• “T” is near me, the ones without “T” are farther away.

Ordinals

• Primero = First• Segundo = Second• Tercero = Third• Cuatro = Fourth• Quinto = Fifth • Sexto = Sixth • Septimo = Seventh• Octavo = Eighth• Novento = Ninth• Decimo = Tenth

•Has to agree in quantity Has to agree in quantity and gender!!!and gender!!!

•Drop the ‘o’ in Drop the ‘o’ in primero primero and tercero when and tercero when describing and describing and singular singular masculine masculine object.object.

EL FIN!!!