space up presentation-2013
TRANSCRIPT
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In fourteen hundred ninety-two Columbus sailed the ocean blue. !He had three ships and left from Spain; He sailed through sunshine, wind and rain. !He sailed by night; he sailed by day; He used the stars to find his way. !...
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Luis de Santángel
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Columbus’ first voyage cap table
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Source % AmountSantangel 50% $132,000
Genovese families 35% $92,000Columbus 15% $39,000
Total $263,000
Best estimate is 1 maravedies = $0.26 in 1630. Some evidence it was significantly below that in 1497 when Spanish monetary system was reformed. One estimate puts entire voyage at $40,000.
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Henry the Navigator• Sponsor of many early voyages,
responsible for Gil Eanes roundingCape Bojador, improved caravelboat technology
• Appointment as the governor of thevery rich Order of Christ, the Portuguese successor to the Knights Templar
• Awarded right to all profits to any lands he discovered by his brother King Edward.
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John Cabot• First European encounter
with the mainland of North American sincethe Vikings
• Patents provided by Henry VII
• Funding provided by Bardi of London and Society of Merchant Venturers
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Ferdinand Magellan• First circumnavigation of the world
• Patents provided by Charles I (soon to be Holy RomanEmperor Charles V)
• 75% of the funding provided by Charles V and Christopher de Haro, a Flemish merchant from Lisbon !
• Much of the money provided by Charles V was actually loaned to him by Haro at very high interest rates
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European food must have really sucked!
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Ever heard of the European Gold Rush? Yea, me neither.
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Religious conversion
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• The vast majority of voyages during the Age of Discovery were privately funded but publicly incentivized
– Loan guarantees – Patents on routes – Revenue percentage – Property claims – Titles
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The Vassa !14
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!• Sank within minutes less than a mile from dock • Ship design by political committee
• Schedule pressure • To many change requests without a redesign • Change requests didn’t include specifications • No documented project plan • Excessive innovation • Secondary innovations • Requirements creep • Ignoring the obvious
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Hypothesis
• Apollo, like rounding the Cape of Bojador, was a required antecedent
• But, like the vast majority of voyages after Henry’s, not a model to follow once the capability is demonstrated.
• NASA’s Commercial Crew and Cargo program is one test.
• History says double down
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