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()

Electronic configuration3

Lithium Li {He}2s1

11Sodium Na {Ne}3s1

19Potassium K {Ar}4s1

37Rubidium Rb {Kr}5s1

55Cesium Cs {Xe}6s1

87Francium Fr {Rn}7s1

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------.

M+

.

.

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HCl(aq)

Li

Na

KRb

Cs

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KLi Na

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Na+ Cl- (g) Na(g) + Cl(g)Na(g) Na* (g)

[Ne]3s1 [Ne]3p1

Na*(g) Na(g) + h (589nm, yellow)

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Li3N

.

Li Na K Rb Cs

Li3N + H2O 3LiOH + NH3

M(s) M+(aq) + e-

H2O(l) + e- OH-)aq( + H2(g)

base strength increase

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: Li2O + H2O

2LiOH : Na2O2+ 2H2O H2O2 + 2NaOH

: MO2 + 2H2O 2MOH + H2O2 + O2

.. ..2-

:O:O:

.. ..

. . -:O:.O:

.. ..

Li2ONa2O2

KO2, RbO2, CsO2

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() 2M(s) + H2(g) 2MH(s) The reactivity increases down the group.

MH + H2O MOH + H2

LiHLiAlH4(

.)BCl3 + LiAlH4 B2H6PCl3 + LiAlH4 PH3

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.

.

H lattice H hydration Rb+ > K+ > Na+ > Li+

.

.

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1-2-3-

4Li + C Li4C

4-5-6--Li2CO3, LiF7-

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Diagonal Relationships

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:803 C505 C

: Na + KCl NaCl + K

:

:800 C

2 NaCl (l) 2 Na (l) + Cl2 (g)

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.

pHHCO3

-.

HCO3-

+

H

+

H2CO3 HCO3- + OH- H2O + CO32-

backing sodaCO2

.2NaHCO3 (s) Na2CO3 (s) + CO2 (g) + H2O (g)

potash-manic depression

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Preparation of Sodium compounds

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The solvay Process for the manufacture of NaHCO3

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