southern california school of interpretation · 5 pc-dit09182013 sight reading #2 (english into...

PC-DIT09182013

Southern California School of Interpretation

Sight Translation for Medical Interpreters

By: Néstor Wagner

Copyright © 2013 by Néstor Wagner. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods by any unauthorized individual without the written consent of the Director of Education or corporate officers of the Southern California School of Interpretation, Inc. An unauthorized individual is someone who is not registered in the Interpreting Criminal Proceedings I course at the Southern California School of Interpretation, Inc. Any disregard of this policy is punishable to the extent permitted by law, and for any registered student it will warrant immediate expulsion from this school.

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Table of Contents Sight Reading #1 …………………………………….. page 2 Sight Reading #2 …………………………………….. page 4 Sight Reading #3 …………………………………….. page 6 Sight Reading #4 …………………………………….. page 9 Sight Reading #5 …………………………………….. page 11 Sight Reading #6 …………………………………….. page 14 Sight Reading #7 …………………………………….. page 16 Sight Reading #8 …………………………………….. page 18 Sight Reading #9 …………………………………….. page 20 Sight Reading #10 …………………………………….. page 22 Sight Reading #11 …………………………………….. page 24 Sight Reading #12 …………………………………….. page 27 Sight Reading #13 …………………………………….. page 31 Sight Reading #14 …………………………………….. page 33

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Sight Reading #1

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Sight Reading #1 (English into Spanish)

Advance Directive This form is a combined durable power of attorney for health care and a living will (in some jurisdictions). With this form, you can name someone to make medical decisions for you if in the future you are unable to make those decisions yourself. You can also say what medical treatments you want and what medical treatments you do not want if in the future you are unable to make your wishes known. Read each section carefully. Before you fill out the form, talk to the person you want to name, to make sure that he or she understands your wishes and is willing to take the responsibility. Write your initials in the blank spaces before the choices you want to make. Write your initials only beside the choice you want under Parts 1, 2 and 3 f this form. Your advance directive should be valid for whatever part(s) you fill in, as long as it is properly signed. Add any special instructions in the blank spaces provided. You can write additional comments on a separate sheet of paper, but you should write on this form that there are additional pages to your advance directive. Sign the form and have it witnessed. Give copies to your doctor, your nurse, the person you name to make your medical decisions for you, people in your family and anyone else who might be involved in your care. Discuss your advance directive with them. Please understand that you may change or cancel this document at any time.

Advance Directive I, ________________, write this document as a directive regarding my medical care. In the following sections, put the initials of your name in the blank spaces by the choice you want. Part 1 – My Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care ___ I appoint this person to make decisions about my medical care if there ever comes a time when I cannot make those decisions myself. I want the person I have appointed, my doctors, my family and others to be guided by the decisions I have made in the parts of the form that follow.

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Sight Reading #2

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Environmental History Form for Pediatric Asthma

Patient

Specify that questions related to the child’s home also apply to other indoor environments where the child spends time, including school, daycare, car, school bus, work, and recreational facilities. Is your child’s asthma worse at night? Is your child’s asthma worse at specific locations? If so, where? Is your child’s asthma worse during a particular change in climate? If so, which? Can you identify any specific trigger(s) that makes your child’s asthma worse? If so, what? Have you noticed whether dust exposure makes your child’s asthma worse? Does your child sleep with stuffed animals? Is there wall-to-wall carpet in your child’s bedroom? Have you used any means for dust mite control? If so, which ones? Do you have any furry pets? Do you see evidence of rats or mice in your home weekly? Do you see cockroaches in your home daily? Do any family members, caregivers or friends smoke? Does this person(s) have an interest or desire to quit? Does your child/teenage smoke? Do you see or smell mold/mildew in your home? Is there evidence of water damage in your home? Do you use a humidifier or swamp cooler? Have you had new carpets, paint, floor, refinishing, or other changes at your house in the past year? Does your child or another family member have a hobby that uses materials that are toxic or give off fumes? Has outdoor air pollution ever made your child’s asthma worse? Does your child limit outdoor activities during a Code Orange or Code Red air quality alert for ozone or particle pollution? Do you use a wood burning fireplace or stove? Do you use un-vented appliances such as a gas stove for heating your home? Does your child have contact with other irritants (e.g. perfumes, cleaning agents, or sprays)? What are concerns do you have regarding your child’s asthma that have not yet been discussed?

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Sight Reading #3

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Authorization for use or Disclosure of Imaging Information

This authorization for use or disclosure of my health information is required by state and federal law. Patient’s Name: ____________________ DOB: ___________ Daytime Telephone Number: _________ Social Security Number: I hereby authorize the use or disclosure of my health information to: Name of person or organization releasing information: ___________ To release me health information to: Name of person or organization receiving information: ___________ This authorization applies to the following image categories: Mammograms [ ] X-Rays [ ] MRI [ ] CT [ ] Ultrasound [ ] Nuclear Medicine Scans [ ] Restrictions: California law prohibits the recipient from making further disclosure of your health information unless the recipient obtains another authorization from you or unless the disclosure is required or permitted by law. This protection does not extend to recipients outside the state of California. This authorization shall be valid until ______. Please indicate a date after which no information can be released. If not date is given, the authorization is valid for only 90 days. I may refuse to sign this authorization and my refusal will not affect my ability to obtain treatment.

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I may revoke this authorization at any time, in writing. The revocation must be signed by me or on my behalf and sent to the address on the top of this form. The revocation is effective upon receipt but will have no impact on uses or disclosures made while the authorization was valid. I have the right to a copy of this authorization. Patient’s signature: ___________________________ Date: __________ Patient/Personal Representative Signature: __________________________ Relationship to the Patient: _____________________________________

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Sight Reading #4

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Adult Health History Form

Your answers on this form will help your health care provider better understand your medical concerns and conditions. This form will not be put directly into your medical chart. If you are uncomfortable with any question, do not answer it. If you cannot remember specific details, please provide your best guess. Thank you! Age: How would you rate your general health? Main reason for today’s visit: Other concerns: Review of Symptoms – Please check any current symptoms you have. Constitutional Respiratory ___ Recent fevers/sweats ___ Cough/wheeze ___ Unexplained weight loss/gain ___ Coughing up blood ___ Unexplained fatigue/weakness Skin Eyes ___ Rash ___ Change in vision ___ New or change in mole Gastrointestinal Neurological ___ Heartburn/reflux ___ Headaches ___ Blood or change in bowel ___ Memory loss Movement ___ Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea ___ Fainting Ears/Nose/Throat/Mouth Genitourinary ___ Difficulty hearing/ringing in ___ Painful/bloody urination Ears ___ Hay fever/allergies/congestion ___ Leaking urine ___ Trouble swallowing ___ Nighttime urination ___ Discharge: Penis or vagina ___ Unusual vaginal bleeding ___ Concern with sexual functions

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Sight Reading #5

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OSHA Required Respirator Medical Evaluation

Questionnaire Name: Date: Job Title: Sex: Date of Birth: Age: Phone: Best time to call: Height: Weight: Has your employer told you to contact the health care professional who will review this questionnaire? Have you ever used a respirator before? Check the type of respirator you will use (you may check more than one category): ____ N, R or P disposable respirator (filter-mask, non-cartridge type only). ____ Other type (i.e. full-face piece type, powered-air purifying, supplied-air, self-contained breathing apparatus) Mandatory Questionnaire-Circle Yes or No for each time on this page 1. Do you currently smoke tobacco, or have you smoked tobacco in the last month? 2. Have you ever had any of the following conditions? a. Seizures (fits) b. Diabetes (sugar disease) c. Allergic reactions that interfere with your breathing d. Claustrophobia (fear of closed in places) e. Trouble smelling odors 3. Have you ever had any of the following pulmonary or lung problems? a. Asbestosis b. Asthma c. Chronic bronchitis d. Emphysema e. Pneumonia f. Tuberculosis g. Silicosis h. Pneumothorax (collapsed lung) i. Lung cancer j. Broken ribs k. Any chest injuries or surgeries l. Any other lung problem that you have been told about

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4. Do you currently have any of the following symptoms of pulmonary or lung disease? a. Shortness of breath. b. Shortness of breath when walking fast on level ground or walking up a slight hill or incline. c. Shortness of breath when walking with other people at an ordinary pace on level ground. d. Have to stop for a breath when walking at your own pace on level ground. e. Shortness of breath when washing or dressing yourself. f. Shortness of breath that interferes with your job. g. Coughing that produces phlegm. h. Coughing that wakens you early in the morning. i. Coughing that occurs mostly when you are lying down. j. Coughing up blood in the last month. k. Wheezing. l. Wheezing that interferes with your job. m. Chest pain when you breath deeply. n. Any other symptoms that you think may be related to lung problems. 5. Have you ever had any of the following cardiovascular or heart problems? a. Heart attack. b. Stroke. c. Angina. d. Heart failure. e. Swelling in your feet or hands (not caused by walking). f. Heart arrhythmia (heart beating irregularly). g. High blood pressure. h. Any other heart problems that you have been told about. 6. Have you ever had any of the following cardiovascular or heart symptoms? a. Frequent pain or tightness in your chest. b. Pain or tightness in your chest during physical activity. c. Pain or tightness in your chest that interferes with your job. d. In the past 2 years have you noticed your heart skipping or missing a beat. e. Heartburn or indigestion that is not related to eating. f. Any other symptoms that you think may be related to heart or circulation.

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Sight Reading #6

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Good morning Ms. Ramirez. I am your attending physician at the emergency room. You were brought to this emergency room because you were injured by a drive by shooting incident that took place two hours ago. On arrival you were unconscious and you exhibited a gun wound in your left arm. You were bleeding and your blood pressure was decreasing to the lower limits. You underwent surgery in order to remove the bullet that was creating pressure on your muscle. You are currently out of shock and your condition is stable. We asked your family doctor to release your medical reports gathered during the last year. We noticed that you are allergic to penicillin and to chocolate. This is the reason why we use another antibiotic instead of using penicillin. We also notified your insurance carrier in order to make the proper arrangements to fulfill your financial obligations towards the hospital. The police notified us that the drive by shooting took place at the intersection of 3rd and Vermont in the city of Los Angeles. They claim that the bullets came from a red convertible that was driving along the left lane of the road. A police investigator asked me to find out from you whether you could see the driver and passenger or the license plate number of said automobile. You may not remember the details since you are still under the effects of the anesthesia applied in order to perform your surgery. However, if you remember any details later on please notify the nurse on duty. You should feel much better within the next 24 hours. If you have any questions please let me know. Otherwise I will see you in my next round. Take care.

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Sight Reading #7

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A high speed chase resulted in serious injuries to three police officers who were chasing the suspect’s car in their patrol car. The officers were taken to the Los Alamos General Hospital. They were admitted to the emergency room. Upon arriving to the emergency room, the doctors mentioned that all three officers were “touch and go” for the first 10 minutes. They all had a series of fractures and broken bones. One of them, officer Albert Posadas, sustained a serious injury to his back. X-rays showed that officer Posadas will have to be rehabilitated since his back was fractured into 3 parts. An emergency doctor on duty told the officers’ relatives that all three men were being observed and that a series of long term injuries and even disabilities were possible due to the seriousness of the accident. All MRIs showed several fractures in their arms, back and legs. The officers were thrown out of the car by the force of the impact and they all landed on the cement. The head doctor treating all three officers stated: “It is hard to believe that anyone could survive such a crash. Good willing, they will be all right. Potential long term disabilities must be prevented. It is not clear to our team whether these officers will be able to walk again or not. Based on the various tests and MRIs taken, I personally believe that all three officers will need to be rehabilitated but after a long period of rehabilitation they should have no problem walking. A trustworthy examination made by the head doctor of the trauma team revealed that the fractures experienced by these officers are superficial. Nevertheless, all the precautions must be taken to prevent any possible long term disability.”

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Sight Reading #8

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Intravenous Contrast Injection Consent There are X-ray examinations, which require intravenous injection of a contrast material (a solution which contains iodine), such as CAT scan. Your physician has referred you to the Radiology Department for a CAT scan of your lungs. Soon after an injection is made, you will probably experience a warm, flushing sensation in your head and face, and then in the rest of your body. This sensation will rapidly go away. There are some risks in the examinations, which you should know about. You may experience some nausea and vomiting. It usually goes away in a few minutes. Approximately 5% of people experience an allergic type reaction, such as swelling of the eyes and lips, or difficulty in breathing. We are prepared to treat any of these conditions if they do not go away. There are complications, which are very rare, which are more serious. We have the facilities to treat these reactions, but despite vigorous emergency therapy, a fatality does occur in approximately 1 in every 50,000 procedures. Your physicians are aware of the remote possibility of complication and feel that the diagnostic information to be obtained outweighs the minimal risks of the procedure. If you desire further specific information, we would be happy to discuss any aspect of this examination with you. If you are a female of childbearing age, please inform us now if you feel there is any possibility you are pregnant.

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Sight Reading #9

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Sight Reading #9 (Spanish into English)

El consulado de la República de Nicaragua afirma por la presente que el suscrito se encuentra internado en el Hospital Nuestra Señora de Santa Rosa en la localidad de Punto Viejo. El suscrito sufrió un accidente de automóvil que lo incapacitó parcialmente. A pesar de la gravedad de su caso, el Sr. Rodriguez, nativo y vecino de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, se está recuperando lentamente y su estado general se considera crítico. Le informamos a los familiares más cercanos del Sr. Pérez que el paciente sufrió traumatismo en varias zonas del cuerpo. Como consecuencia de esto, el Sr. Pérez deberá guardar reposo por dos meses. Una vez dado de alta, el Sr. Pére deberá traer un yeso en sus dos brazos. Recomendamos la presencia de unos de sus familiares más cercanos para ayudarle al Sr. Pérez superar la etapa de fisioterapia. Este certificado se emite en el día de la fecha a petición de la parte involucrada y con el propósito de justificar la ausencia del suscrito en su trabajo. Le saluda atentamente, Ricardo Pérez Cónsul Adjunto

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Sight Reading #10

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Los informes médicos del Sr. Roberto Pérez se encuentran disponibles en las oficinas de antecedentes médicos del Consultorio Nuestra Señora del Milagro. Durante su visita a mi consultorio el paciente firmó una autorización para hacer público sus antecedentes clínicos. Durante su estadía en guardia se encontró una infección aguda del intestino delgado que fue tratada con Pantomicina 500mg, una vez cada 6 horas, y se le inyectó una droga relajante como calmante. Debido a sus dolores agudos, se le aplicó un analgésico vía oral, una píldora cada 8 horas. La disponibilidad de sus informes médicos está sujeta a la aprobación del Consultorio Nuestra Señora del Milagro. Sin embargo, los antecedentes obtenidos en su visita a mi consultorio son de orden público para todos los doctores de este establecimiento. Si alguno de ustedes considera necesaria la examinación de estos informes hágamelo saber. Le salluda atentamente. Samuel Torres Médico

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Sight Reading #11

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SOLICITUD DE ATENCION PROGRAMADA. ATENCIÓN URGENTE: El Médico Especialista solicitará la atención urgente mediante FAX o llamada de teléfono dirigida al Médico de Guardia del Servicio de Admisión y Documentación Clínica en los siguientes números: FAX: 34-(9)42-202678. Tel.: 34-(9)42-202727 ; 34-(9)42-202575 Se contestará a la solicitud en las siguientes dos horas a partir de la recepción de la solicitud. ATENCIÓN PROGRAMADA: El Médico Especialista solicitará la atención programada mediante correo convencional, E-mail, o Fax dirigiendo el informe clínico a las siguientes direcciones: Correo convencional: H.U. Marqués de Valdecilla Servicio de Admisión y Documentación Clínica. Avd. Valdecilla s/n Santander (Cantabria) 39008 Se contestará a la solicitud, una vez revisada por los especialistas de nuestro centro, en un plazo de 48 H. desde la recepción de la solicitud. REQUISITOS PREVIOS A LA ATENCION SANITARIA Antes de antes de ser atendido al paciente se le abrirá una historia clínica en la que deberán constar los siguientes datos:

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Apellidos y nombre. DNI Domicilio y teléfono Datos sobre el financiador del proceso asistencial : Tarjeta de identificación Sanitaria. Datos sobre la entidad aseguradora que financia el proceso y en su caso la conformidad de la misma. CONDICIONES DE HOSPITALIZACION El paciente ingresará en caso necesario, en función del Servicio que le atienda, en las diferentes plantas de hospitalización que posee el Centro. Dependiendo de las condiciones del paciente y sus necesidades asistenciales podrá ser hospitalizado en habitaciones individuales. Todas las habitaciones del Centro están equipadas con televisor con el fin de hacer mas amena la estancia de los pacientes. El hospital también pone a su servicio una biblioteca. Cuando las condiciones del enfermo lo permitan y así lo indiquen las ordenes médicas, al paciente se le ofertaran diferentes posibilidades de menú. SERVICIO DE ATENCION AL PACIENTE El Hospital dispone de un Servicio de Atención al Paciente que efectúa la recepción de los pacientes programados y les da información verbal y escrita sobre los servicios residenciales del centro y del uso que puede hacer de ellos. PARA SU INFORMACIÓN Si tiene dudas sobre los procedimientos de admisión al centro no dude en ponerse en comunicación con el teléfono: 34-(9)42-202727.

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Sight Reading #12

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Enfermedades del hígado

Poseer un sano hígado es muy importante para la salud del cuerpo. No hay que

olvidar que el hígado es la planta de tratamiento que purifica la sangre de

bacterias, sustancias nocivas, residuos químicos, virus, alcohol, radicales libres

y otros.

El hígado, es uno de los órganos más significativos para la regulación del

metabolismo y proporciona las sustancias necesarias para el organismo. Son tan

complicadas las funciones del hígado que por eso es tan elemental. El convertir

la glucosa en azúcar, es una de las funciones únicas del hígado.

Se pueden purificar todas las sustancias tóxicas del cuerpo gracias al hígado.

Especialmente las personas que no comen una dieta equilibrada, comer

demasiada grasa, tienen sobrepeso o toman demasiado alcohol, perjudican su

hígado.

Se sabe que esto es muy perjudicial para el hígado, pero además otros factores

tales como las medicinas pueden causarle daño también y producen

enfermedades del hígado.

Distintos tipos de hepatitis

Cuando consumimos alimentos y bebidas con falta de higiene podemos

contraernos la hepatitis de tipo A.

Esta hepatitis se cura luego de su proceso normal por sí misma, tomando una

dieta y las indicaciones médicas.

A través de la sangre, el semen o la saliva, se transmite la hepatitis B. En el

noventa y ocho por ciento de los casos se cura, en los adultos. Entre el dos y el

cinco por ciento se convierte en crónica.

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La hepatitis C se transmite a través de sangre infectada. Si no se trata se

convierte entre el cincuenta y el ochenta por ciento de los casos en hepatitis

crónica. Es tratada con medicamentos, pero es un tratamiento fuerte, con

efectos secundarios altos y no siempre funciona.

Otros tipos de enfermedades del hígado

Las enfermedades autoinmunes como la hepatitis o enfermedades de la vesícula

biliar no son contagiosas, pero al igual que todas estas enfermedades el

organismo ataca y destruye a sus propios tejidos que conducen a la destrucción

del hígado.

Las enfermedades pueden ser causadas por envenenamiento tóxico, así como

por productos químicos tóxicos, las medicinas, los hongos y el alcohol de

manera excesiva, en este caso puede causar la cirrosis.

Las enfermedades metabólicas del hígado causadas por un defecto genético o

por alteraciones en la acumulación de cobre o de hierro.

Fumar, entrar en contacto con solventes o productos químicos e insecticidas

utilizados en la industria, que están en contacto con los alimentos, son dañinos

para el hígado.

Los indicios de las enfermedades del hígado son muy diferentes y no dan

ninguna señal, en un principio, de que esta exista.

Los síntomas a tener en cuenta que indican un mal desempeño del hígado

pueden ser:

• Estar cansado

• No poder concentrarse

• Orinar muy oscuro

• El excremento oscuro con color similar al barro

• No tener ganas de comer

• Tomarle asco a los alimentos, en especial a la carne

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• Pérdida de Peso

• Poseer los ojos amarillentos

• Molestias en las articulaciones y en los músculos

• Alteraciones hepáticas

Cuando la enfermedad hepática se convierte en crónica las células del hígado

se destruyen y cicatrizan. El hígado se reduce y endurece formando la cirrosis.

El abdomen se llena de agua, decae el rendimiento del cerebro, se originan

hemorragias de sangre en el esófago y el estómago.

Pero asimismo, una dieta equilibrada, ayuda a mantener nuestro hígado sano.

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Sight Reading #13

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Los riñones son responsables de eliminar los desechos del cuerpo, regular el equilibrio electrolítico y estimular la producción de glóbulos rojos. Son dos órganos que forman parte del sistema urinario. Se encuentran situados en la parte posterior del abdomen, uno a cada lado de la columna vertebral. Están rodeados de tejido graso y se extienden entre la onceava costilla y la treceava vértebra lumbar. El riñón de un adulto pesa unos 170 gramos, tiene unos 12 centímetros de longitud y 6.5 de ancho.

Estos órganos son los encargados de eliminar de la sangre los productos nocivos y, junto al resto del sistema urinario, eliminarlos del cuerpo mediante la orina. Los riñones actúan como filtro de productos de desecho, productos químicos nocivos, líquidos innecesarios para el organismo, etc. Tras pasar por el filtro de los riñones la orina va desde estos, a través de un largo tubo llamado uréter, hasta la vejiga, donde es almacenada hasta que se elimina mediante la orina.

Cada riñón filtra cerca de mil 700 litros de sangre por día y concentra líquido y residuos en 1 a 3 litros de orina por día. Debido a esto, los riñones están más expuestos a sustancias tóxicas en el organismo que ningún otro órgano; por lo tanto, son altamente susceptibles a lesiones.

También elaboran sustancias que ayudan al control de la presión arterial y que regulan la formación de los glóbulos rojos.

Sus enfermedades comunes

Cálculos renales Cáncer Insuficiencia Renal Infecciones

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Sight Reading #14

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¿Qué es una piedra (o cálculo) de riñón?

Una piedra o cálculo renal está formado de un material duro y cristalino formado en el riñón o en el tracto urinario. El tamaño de estas piedras puede variar de uno milímetro a varios centímetros de diámetro. En algunos casos, aparece una sola piedra y, en otros, más de una. Normalmente, afecta a personas de más de treinta años y, en general, aparece con mayor frecuencia en los hombres que en las mujeres. Las piedras de riñón normalmente provocan la aparición de sangre en la orina (muchas veces invisible al ojo humano, sólo detectable por medio de análisis microscópico de la orina) y dolor en el costado, en el abdomen o en la región inguinal. Se dan en una de cada veinte personas alguna vez durante sus vidas son, por tanto, bastante habituales. Cuando se forma una piedra pequeña en el riñón, puede desprenderse y salir al exterior junto con la orina sin provocar dolor. Pero, si la piedra es mayor, puede quedarse atrapada en uno de los uréteres, en la vejiga o en la uretra. En este caso puede quedar bloqueado el flujo de orina y causar un dolor intenso, este cuadro de dolor se llama cólico nefrítico. En la mayoría de los casos, no es posible averiguar las causas precisas de la aparición de estos cálculos. No obstante, el desarrollo de piedras en el riñón se relaciona con la disminución de la cantidad de orina producida por beber poca cantidad de líquidos o el incremento de la excreción de elementos que forman piedras como calcio, oxalato, xantina o fosfatos. Existen factores predisponentes genéticos y ambientales (relacionados con las costumbres dietéticas, por ejemplo). Los síntomas de las piedras de riñón habitualmente, las piedras de riñón causan dolor, que suele comenzar de forma repentina, es muy intenso y de temporalidad intermitente, no mejora cambiando la posición, y se extiende por la espalda, hacia debajo del costado y la ingle. Casi siempre se acompaña de nauseas y vómitos.

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