south korean localization experience · south korean localization experience how similar approach...
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South Korean
Localization
Experience How Similar Approach Could
Benefit South Africa in the Long-
Term
Lebogang Maseko
South Korea
The Miracle on Han River
• The rapid
reconstruction
and development
of the economy
of South Korea
after Korean war.
Background
•After the Korean war in 1953, the Republic of
Korea embarked on a series of economic
development plans.
•Special emphasis on technology, science and
research.
•Atomic Energy Agency (AEC), Korea Atomic
Energy Research Institute (KAERI), and Korea
Atomic Energy Commission (KAEC) were
established.
Background (cont.)
•The role of AEC to take charge of the atomic
energy development task.
•The role of KAEC was to advise on policy,
budget, and regulation related to atomic energy.
•The role of KAERI was to conduct research on
the application of radiation and radioisotope for
agricultural and medical uses.
Background (cont.)
•25 reactors provide about one-third (24GWe) of
South Korea's electricity.
•Korea has accumulated extensive localization
experience in nuclear technology development
and nuclear power plant construction and
operation.
•Korea had successfully localized 95% of nuclear
power technology by 1995.
Questions
•How did Korea achieve technological localization
in such a short time?
•How did government policies aid localization in
Korea?
•What lessons are there for South Africa to learn?
Milestones towards
Self-Reliance
Preparation • Becomes IAEA member. • Introduces nuclear energy
policy. • GNP per capita < $100.
Preparation • Establishment of NEPIO. • Master Plan to introduce 3 nuclear plants. • Invests in training – 240 students sent abroad. • KEPCO becomes Owner/Operator. • US gifts KAERI with TRIGA-Mark II.
Technological Dependency • Turnkey contract and foreign contractors. • Construction of Kori-1,2 & Wolsong-1. • Machinery localization policy.
Technological Acquisition • Foreign main contractors & local sub-
contractors. • Korea Heavy Industry and Construction (KHIC)
becomes main equipment supplier. • Construction of Kori-3,4, Yonggwan-1,2,
Ulchin-1,2. • Korea Nuclear Fuel founded.
Technological Self-Reliance • Local main contractors and foreign subcontractors. • Construction of Yonggngwan-3,4.
Technological Standardization • Korean Standard Nuclear Power Plant (KSNP), used as the prototype
OPR-1000 reactors. • Construction of Ulchin-3,4,5,6, and Yonggngwan-5,6, Shinpo.
Technological Export • Barakah – UAE. • Advanced Power Reactor 1400 MWe. • Export Components to US and China.
Alignment Between Nuclear Program and Development Plans
South Africa’s
Position
Current Status
•Nuclear Energy Policy & IRP 2010-2030 - in
place.
•National Nuclear Regulator - safety standards
and regulatory practices.
•Eskom - Owner/Operator of Koeberg.
•Necsa - Research & development, training, and
radioisotope production.
•Uranium exploration and mining - beneficiation.
Current Status (cont.)
South Korea
South Africa
KAERI
• R & D, Training, Radioisotope production.
NECSA
• R & D, Training, Radioisotope production,
Nuclear Manufacturing.
Doosan
• Heavy Equipment Manufacturer.
Industrialize component, small to medium
equipment manufacturing sector.
KEPCO
• Owner/Operator.
ESKOM
• Owner/Operator of Koeberg.
Samsung & Hyundai
• Engineering and Construction.
Plans still yet to be finalized.
Korea Nuclear Fuel
• Fuel Manufacturing.
• Previously NECSA operated fuel cycle
facilities.
• Currently conducting feasibility studies into
fuel cycle facilities.
KOPEC
• Architecture Engineering.
• NECSA hopes to assist with A/E functions.
Necsa Involvement in the New Build
•Component, Small to medium equipment
manufacturing.
•Multi-purpose research reactor.
•Fuel cycle (Conversion and Enrichment).
•Architect engineering function.
•Skills development.
•Enterprise supplier development.
Localization Steps to Follow
National Industry Survey
Establish a Strategy
Localization Plan
Transfer Plant Technology
Categorization of Local Companies
Investment
Upgrade and Expand Industrial Facilities and
Programs
Self-Reliance Program
How can South
Africa achieve its
localization goals?
Lessons learned from South Korea
•Strong government commitment.
• Invest extensively in education and training.
•Deliberate pre-agreed localization plan - managed
over time.
•Social cohesion, and a labour intensive
industrialization plan.
•Localization goals need to be aligned with industrial
development goals.
Lessons Learned from South Korea(cont.)
•Deal with public acceptance issues, and gain
public support.
•Sound nuclear policies.
•Nuclear power program should be in compliance
of national policies.
•Co-operation with the vendor in training will
stimulate technology transfer.
THANK YOU
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