south korea’s policy towards the least developed countries · 3.4 cambodiacountry partnership...

01/11/2017

1

South Korea’s Policy towards the Least Developed Countries

Kyungyon MoonProfessor, Chonbuk National University

Chair of International Affairs, Korea Association of International Development & Cooperation(KAIDEC)

Table of Contents

1. Overview of South Korean ODA

2. Korea’s ODA Policy in Asian Region

3. Korea’s Policy towards the LDC

4. Fragile State Aid Policy of Korea and its Implication

01/11/2017

2

� Moon Jaein Government(2017-2021)’s ODA Policy (provisional)

� Effective ODA: internalization of global norms and ideas(ex. SDGs and CPS), aid harmonization among domestic aid agencies

� Transparent ODA: increase aid monitoring and evaluation and institutional reform for M&E, enhance accountability by increasing public awareness of ODA policies

� Enhancing Partnership: synergy effect wit private sector engagement and job creation for young generations, global partnership with other donors and international organizations


� Volume of ODA: steady but continued increase on ODA volume(USD)

(‘13) 1.672 billion → (’15) 1.936 billion → (‘17) 2.297 billion →(‘18) 2.809 billion**under review by the National Assembly

� ODA/GNI: (‘16) 0.15% → (‘17) 0.16% → (‘18) 0.17% → (‘19) 0.18% → (‘20) 0.20%(Official Target!)

South Korea’s ODA Growth (Unit: Korean Won)


Total ODA

Bilateral(%)

Loan(%)

Grant(%)

Multilateral(%)

01/11/2017

3

� Year of 2018

� 2.809 billion(estimated)

� 1.495 Billion USD for Priority Sector in SDGs: industrialization (22.6%), education (17.6%), health(11.4%), water & sanitation(9%), poverty & agriculture(8.3%)

� Grant 60% / Loan 40%

• Bilateral 82% / Loan 18%

• Geographically focusing on Asian region(35.%), but small increase in Latin America(5.0%→7.5%) and Middle East · CIS(7.5%→11.2%)



�Year of 2018

Geographic Distribution of Korean ODA(unit: hundred million won)

AsiaMiddle East

/ CIS

Others

Latin America

Africa

Volume

Proportion(%)

Asia Africa Latin America OthersOceaniaMiddle East CISType

Loan

Loan

Grant

Grant

Sum

Sum

01/11/2017

4

� In 2010, established the concept of ‘Major Partnership Countries(MPC)’ and appointed 26 recipient countries

� In 2013, established ‘Country Partnership Strategy(CPS) for 26 countries

� Adoption of ‘The 2nd International Development and Cooperation Basic Plan’ in 2015

� Reduce the number of MPC and CPS from 26 countries to 24 countries

2. Korea’s ODA Policy in Asian Region


Region Country Major Assistance Sector

11 AsianCPS

Countries

NepalWater Management, Health & Sanitation, Education, Rural Development, Energy

Lao PDRWater Management, Health & Sanitation, Energy, Education, Rural Development

Myanmar Public Administration, Rural Development, Transportation, Energy

BangladeshEducation, Transportation, Water Management, Health & Sanitation, Telecommunication

CambodiaEducation, Water Management, Health & Sanitation, Rural Development, Transportation

MongoliaEducation, Water Management, Health & Sanitation, Public Administration, Transportation,

Vietnam Transportation, Education, Water Management, Public Administration

Sri LankaEducation, Transportation, Water Management, Health & Sanitation, Rural Development

IndonesiaTransportation, Public Administration, Environment Protection, Water Management

Pakistan Transportation, Energy, Water Management, Health, Rural Development

PhilippineRural Development, Water Management, Health & Sanitation, Transportation, Natural Disaster Prevention

LDC

South Korea’s Partners in Asian Region

01/11/2017

5

Aid Distribution by Income Groups


(unit: million USD)

https://stats.koreaexim.go.kr/index.html

.HICUMICLMICLICLDC Not-specific


(unit: million USD)

https://stats.koreaexim.go.kr/index.html

Volume of ODA to the LDC

01/11/2017

6

3. Korea’s Policy towards the LDC3.1 Nepal Country Partnership Strategy

3. Korea’s Policy towards the LDC3.2 LAO PDR Country Partnership Strategy

01/11/2017

7

3. Korea’s Policy towards the LDC3.3 Myanmar Country Partnership Strategy

3. Korea’s Policy towards the LDC3.3 Bangladeshi Country Partnership Strategy

01/11/2017

8


3.4 Cambodia Country Partnership Strategy

4. Fragile State* Aid Policy of Korea: (Definition) a low-income country characterized by weak state capacity due to conflict, war, disaster or low-development

and/or weak state legitimacy leaving citizens vulnerable to a range of shocks

� Korea does not have an aid strategy on the countries of LDC group.

� Instead, contributed to the adoption of ‘New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States’ at the HLF-4 in Busan, Korea in 2011 and became the member of New Deal.

� Then, adopted a first policy document on 30 June 2017, title “Fragile State Assistance Strategy(FSAS)’ by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Strategy & Finance.

� KOICA adopted ‘Mid-term Period Assistance Strategy for Fragile States in 2017-2019’ and created an account amount of $9.6 million USD.

� Also, the countries on the list of ‘OECD Fragile State 2015’ incudes Nepal, Myanmar and Bangladesh, and these countries are Korea’s major partner countries in Asian region too.

� In this sense, FSAS might be understood as one of Korea’s aid policy guide for the countries in the LDC group.

01/11/2017

9

4. Fragile State Aid Policy of Korea

� Key Guideline in the FSAS

� Customized assistance according to fragility: • (War and conflict) assistance to build a peaceful society

• (Disaster) assistance to increase resilience

• (Low governance)assistance to establish democratic practice and institution building

� Inclusive Assistance: • Increase in assistance to the fragile states and vulnerable social groups in the category

of aid orphan

• Assistance for empowering basic institutions, infrastructure and public service

� Use of Effective Assistance Tools:

• Consideration of aid environment and debt issue in the recipient countries

• Increase of partnership with international organizations, private sector and neighbor countries of the recipient

South Korea’s Policy towards the Least Developing Countries

Q & A

Kyungyon MoonProfessor, Chonbuk National University

Chair of International Affairs, Korea Association of International Development & Cooperation(KAIDEC)

south korea’s policy towards the least developed countries · 3.4 cambodiacountry partnership...

Documents