Ne. 1. OCTO B E R, 1896. Vel. n .

SOUTH MAGAZINE

Contents MORAL AND RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS 1

By D R. MONCURE D. CONWAY

THE LATE MR. J. ALFRED NOVELLO..... . .... . ..... 3 By C. D. COLLET.

THE TRANSFIGURATION OF THE SUNDAY SCHOOL .. 7 By F. J. GOULD.

" THOUGHTS AND ASPIRATIONS OF THE AGES " : A Review. .. ............................. . ..... . . 9

By W. J. REYNOLDS.

REPORTS OF MEETINGS AND NOTES ON SOUTH PLACE WORK .... .. .. . .. .. .. ................. 11

KINDRED SOCIETIES . ...................... .. ....... 14

NOTICES, &0. • .• . . ... . . , • . , . . , ......... . " ..... . . . ... 15

Monthly, 2d., OR 2s.6d. PER ANNUM, POST FREE.

$ontlon SOUTH PLACE ETHICAL SOCIETY, FINSBURY, E.C.

A. & H. B . Ba NNER, I & 2 TOOK'S COU RT, CURSITOR ST., E .C

SOUTH PLACE ETHICAJJ SOCIETY. ------................ _-----

South Place Chapel & Institute, Finsbury, E.C. MINISTER : MON CURE D. CONWAY, L.H .D.

Object of the Society • .. The object of the Society is the cultivation of a rational

religious sentiment, the study of ethical principles, and the promotion of human welfare. in harmony with advancing knowledge."

OCTOBER., 1S96.

The following DISCOURSES will be delivered on S unday mornings, Service begill1ti"g at 11.15;-

October 4th .-W. R. WASHINGTO N S ULLIV AN.-" The Suprem acy of Ethics." Hymns, 99, 92.

Anthems. fr. :: My song shall be a lw.ay ':,(Hymn of Praise) Mmdtlsso/III. l2. A Song of ThanksglvlI1g ... ... ... ... A /lits ....

Octobernth.-Dr. MONC U RE D. CO NWAY.-" How Souls are lost a nd saved . " Hymns, IS, 20.

Anthem ) I, 11 He watching over Israel" .. ". ... ... Afemle.lssolm. s. l2. "My heart ever faithful" (With violin obbligato) ... Bach.

October t8th.-Dr. MONCURE D. CONWAY.-" Dumb Oracles.' Hymns, 83,33.

Anthems f 1. "Leaf by leaf the roses fade" (No. 374, Old Book) ... Wagll" . . l 2. "God is not dumb" (No.228).. ... ...... .. Schtlberl.

October 25th.-Dr. MONCURE D. CONWAY.-" The Real Solomon." Hymns. 25, 52.

Anthems l1. .. I will wasb" (No. 5'7. Old Book) llopkills. . 2. U FroJO the high heavens" ... J)/o:arl.

Visitol's al'e invited to talle allY Seals vacallt at tlte close of lite first Anthem. A Collection is made al Ihe close of each So'vice to Cl/able Visilol's to contribute 10

the expenses of the Society.

SUNDAY SCHOOL. Tbe Ch,ldren meel in the Chapel cvcry Sunday morning. at I u5, and their lesson is given

in the Class-room during the discotlrse Tin following an. tbe arrangement!: for uctobcr. October 4th. HENRY CkOStiHU .. lJ iI Our Country and its History."

11th. " " 11 11

18th. ,," OUT Country ·'-conclusion. 25th. :\Irs' BRAC,. .. Edna Lyall's Story of Huga Wharncliffe."

MEMBERSHIP. "Persons paying for ,illings in the Society's place of Meetin/'( for tbe time being arc thereby

constituted members of the Society. Members who arc twenty-one years of af;e or upwards, whose names have been twelv(~ I110nths upon the register, and whose subSCriptions for the previous quarter have bel,n paid, .hail be qualified to vote and to hold office."-Exlrllcl from ti,e Rules.

Sittin gs may be obtained upon application in the Library, or t o C. G. CANN I NG, 4, Morland Road, Penge, S.E., prices varying from IS. to IOS. per quart er. Persons under 21 arc charged ha.lf the usua l prices.

ASSOCIATES.' Persons residing at a distance, and wbo are unable to attend the services regularly, may become Associates of the Society upon payment of an Annual Subscr iption of Ss., with the privilege of recdvi"c all tbe CUIrent publications of the SocIety.

The Chapel is lice n sed for M a rr iages.

· SOUTH PLACE' MAGAZINE. No. I. Vol. H. OCTOBER, - 1896. 2d. Monthly.

28. Od. pcr annum, post freo.

(The writers of Articles appcaring ill this Jjf agazillc are alolle responsible for the opinions thcrein cxprcssed.)

MORAL AND RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS.

By DR. MONCURE D. CONWAY.

THERE are two varieties of ignorance: natural ignorance and educated ignorance. Both have been illustrated in the con­troversy over the public schools. Natural ignorance supposes that a certain theological instruction is essential to moral training; it does not know that the Buddhist world, nearly double the population of Christendom, has, without any such ~nstruction, tenfold the morality of Christendom. Educa~ed Ignorance, however, has been bred to regard as a supenor morality Sabbath-keeping, Church attendance, prayerfulness, orthodoxy, and other fictitious things, and by playing on the notions of natural ignorance, which is interested in real morality, succeeds in re-establishing rate-aided theology. Expelled from the Church of England at the door, it has come back through a " Nonconformist" window into the public schools, and cannot be kept out of the Church schools. This, then, is to be the sy?tem . We are all to be heavily taxed for the training of children in Athanasianism and Calvinism, also in Bibliolatry.

This would be a sad and serious outlook for moral culture but for the saving grace of natural ignorance in the child_ Were the simple mind capable of logical deductions, the teaching of . girl o~ boy that the supreme rewards of the universe are gamed without any meritorious actions or virtues of their own would be an instruction in recklessness. The little people may recite such trungs, like parrots, but happily they take to heart the daily experience in home and school that salvation depends o~ one's Own merits. If a boy plays truant or misconducts 11lmself no vicarious friend steps in to receive the punishment. It is ~ossible that the immoralities preserved in the decalogue, such as the classing of a man's wife with his ox and ass, and . the encouragement of Sabbatarianism, may injure the forming character, but no contents of the Bible are so harmful as daily holding up a book as "the Word of God", even were its principles pure and its statements true. This is a total mis­direction of the religious motive, which is quick, tentative, ' progressive, ancLin a leather-bound Cl Word of God ", fixed and-

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final, would find-but for certain fortunate impossibilities in the case-a living sepulchre.

There ought to be psychological science enough in England to convince the unsophisticated people that even the doctrines considered essential cannot be really taught children. A child's mind is small, and if vast ideas are poured into it they must needs take the size and shape and limitations of the little mind. What does an affirmation of the existence of a deity convey to the mind of an average child? The notion of a powerful Fairy King. All of our European fairies were the pre-Christian deities. In the so-called heathen ages, along with the public pantheon continued the nursery pantheon, and the creeds of the former were steadily transformed into the fairy mythology of the latter. When the temples and teachings of heathenism were abolished by Christianity the deities and their attributes and alleged deeds remained unimpeached in the nursery. Grandmas and old wives are conservative, and still go on telling the old fables after they have ceased to be the fashion in the great world. These are now our fairy-lore and folk-lore. And to-day, could the Christian ideas of English children be truly gathered they would be found mainly a sort of folk-lore not yet fossilised. It is one thing to repeat the catechism correctly, quite another for the words to convey the same meaning to teacher and pupil.

Morally this is not so harmless as might be supposed. I heard it told of an eminent author that in her schooldays, being required with the rest of her class to write briefly her idea of God, she wrote nothing, but drew an eye, as large as the slate could hold. There are many different deities in England, though bearing one appellation; but they all possess this feature in common-the all-seeing eye, the piercing eye, scrutinizing every individual action, even every thought, so that no one can ever in any moment be alone or out of sight of the almighty detective. The precocious seriousness of the more thoughtful child is some· times called" early piety", but it is, I believe, generally a result of the constant admonition, "Thou God seest me". Some seem to skulk through their youth as if on ticket-of-leave, always feeling the terrible, non-human, sleepless eye upon them.

No one can be a free agent who feels himself watched all the time, and every smallest word and action recorded, every motive analysed, and the items all preserved to confront him at judgment day.

Another evil effect of this superstition is the mental disease caused by perpetual exploration of one's moral insides.

W ere the jealous, searching eye human, it would not be so bad; and, indeed, the most hopeful outlook for the child is the tendency which promises the re-humanization of Jesus. Belief in a perfect man may be taught a child without injury, and, if entirely divested of supernaturalism, with good moral results. But there is no form in which a superhuman deity can be taught

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to a child without some deprivation of freedom and the formation ·of a manly character. . '

And this quite apart from the truth of the proposition. The higher mathematics are true, yet would become only words if crammed into a mind insufficiently developed. And what has been said concerning divine existence is equally true of all the transcendent dogmas. Nothing of that kind can be genuinely taught at all by authority; and each such doctrine, to be of any value, must be the postulate of the individual mind.

The same is true also of ethical principles. It requires large knowledge of social evolution to understand the obligations of veracity, or of justice. The only morality that can be success­fully taught children is good manners. How are they to behave ~o their elders? What true politeness is; what is gentlemanly lU boys towards girls, what is ladylike in girls; the value of gentleness, as the essence of manliness, and of womanliness; sweetness of speech, good humour, affability, cleanliness, cheer­fulness, candour, attentiveness, consideration for others: such things make the real ethics of childhood. But I believe there is not one elementary school in which such things are taught; and when for lack of any instruction in manners-the only ethics they can comprehend-children are rude, rough, ill-natured, or in­decent, it is ascribed to innate depravity. . But how earnestly the urchins are taught not to make graven lmages of things in heaven, earth, or sea, and how wicked it is to bow down to them and serve them! This guilt is so dreadful that it takes precedence of theft and murder. Such is the moral and religious confusion which must prevail so long as educated and educational ignorance preserve the priestly weights a?d measures, and insist, despite the words of Jesus, that the glft must first be brought to the altar, and the wronged or needy ~rother must wait. When will this apotheosis of J ahvistic ego­tIsm end, and this wild superstition that man has something to ~o for the personal benefit of God? How few even of the liberal, have attained to the noble Theism of Arthur Clough :

.. It seems his newer will We should not think at all of Him, but turn And of the world that he has given to make What best we can."

THE LATE MR. J. ALFRED NOVELLa .

. DECEASED.-On the 16th of July, 1896, T. Alfred Novello, in the 86th year of his age, at the Villa Novello, Genoa, whither he had some years since retired, and where he resided with his eldest sister, Mrs. Cowden Clarke. and other members of his family. _

MR. ALFRED NOVELLO is particularly interesting to the members -of South Place as the publisher of the music which Miss Flower

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wrote for the services of this congregation, to words" from Holy Scripture and the writings of poets," originally selected for the illustration of the views entertained here by Mr. Fox at that time, viz., in 1841, of life, morality, and religion. Nor was this the only publication of his in which we are interested. Mr. Novello published Miss Flower's four Free Trade Songs for the Anti-Corn Law League Bazaar-the words written specially by her sister, Mrs. Adams-her "Songs of the Months", printed in the Monthly Repository for 1834, as well as her first work, "Musical Illustrations of the Waverley Novels," some three years earlier. \Vhen, too, on St. Cecilia's day in 1845 a selection of Miss Flower's sacred music was performed at Crosby Hall, Alfred ovello took part in the performance, singing Milton's " They also Serve who only Stand and Wait", and his sister, Miss Sabilla Novello, "0, I would Sing a Song of Praise ".

Joseph Alfred Novello, a son of Vincent Novello (well known more than sixty years ago as the organist of the Portuguese Roman Catholic Church in South Street, Grosvenor Square), was brother to Mrs. Cowden Clarke (author of "The Con­cordance to Shakespere's Plays "), to Cecilia Novello, who will . be better remembered as Mrs. Serle (when she and her husband were engaged by Mr. Macready at Drury Lane), brother also to Madame Clara Novello (Countess Gigliucci), whose clear and thrilling tones, of European reputation, many of us still re­member, under the same management, in the Galatea of Handel's opera, "Acis and Galatea " .

The intimate friendship of Mr. Fox with Mr. Macready brought to our notice at South Place several of the principal performers engaged by the latter.

Mr. Fox was also, later in life, a collaborator with Mr. Serle in the Weekly Dispatch, he writing the" Publicola" letter, Mr. Serle writing then under the signature of "Caustic". Mr. Fox was also on very friendly terms with Mr. Vincent Novello; he and his two sons-in-law were all ardent reformers.

When, in 1833, Vincent Novello had brought out his edition of Purcell's Sacred Music, and the Westmi1!Ster Review, then the leader of reform in art, as well as in politics, had failed to review it, Mr. Fox did so in the Monthly Repository (vol. vii-1833 _po 289). In this Review he wrote:

"Mr. Novello appears before us not only as the editor but as the biographer of Purcel!. He has" brought into the latter character the good taste and feel­ing. the judgment. industry. and skill. which distinguished him in the former; and his pen. like other instruments to which his fingers are more accustoml:;d, .not only discourses eloquent music. but is exciting and suggestive; striking the key-note of many strains of mental melody."!

1 The first movement of Purcell's most celebrated anthem. "0 Give Thanks," was selected by Miss Flower for the New Hymn Book publlshed in I841~No. 15· ' -

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This comprehension of the harmony, if not the identity, of. "the true, the good, and the beautiful" so long taught by Mr.' Fox, f0und expression in Vincent N ovello's edition of Purcell's M usic and in his memoir of Purcell, and has been inherited by his family, and by no~e more fully than by the Son whom we now regret as one of the most valued of those who have assembled for seventy years in South Place, though Alfred Novello was never a seatholder in the chapel. His career as a publisher, as a singer and a musical director was multifarious. He was for some years director of the choir at the Belgian Roman Catholic chapel in the London Road, and afterwards under.took the management of the choir of the Lawyers' (English) Church belonging to Lincoln's Inn, where he introduced some valuable reforms in the condition of the young choristers. In all the reforms he effected he was as serene as he was determined. He never waited for the arrival of the millenium to smooth his way, but accepted the difficulties which barred his purpose, and co:n.bated them himself one by one. His Father spent his life. in edItIng, and in bringing before the select audience there attaIn­able, the best sacred music of the Catholic Church abroad and of the English Church at home. Treading in his father's steps, and accompanying him in his work, he multiplied by thousands the number of the people who could enjoy these noble works, by -G?ntriving the means of producing them at prices which, if pre­dIcted beforehand, would have been ridiculed as impossible. When Alfred Novello beaan this work, printing had not much to do with music, and the r~gulations of the Trade Ur:ion were, as he once explained to me, so illogical as to be no baSIS for the re­muneration of the compositors. He, therefore, himself set up a press, and made an arrangement of his own with his employees respecting which, I believe, there never was with them any quarrel.'

But when a grievance requires legislation for its suppression, ~nd the case admitted it, no one was more ready than he to join In any practical attempt to accomplish the object. He was an earnest, though not a prominent member of the Anti-Corn Law League, and entered heartily into the plan of abolishing the Corn Laws by increasing the number of freeholders. He purchased small freeholds in several of the home counties with a view to the carrying out of this project.

Here, again, he was quite in harmony with much in which Mr. Fox was engaged. Mrs. Cowden Clarke records, in her «Recollections of Writers ", Mr. Fox's ingenious mode of -obviating the objection made to an impromptu dance after the

'One of Miss Flowers compositions, .. Now pray we for our Country," No. 14, of the first edition of the Hymn Book, reaped the popularity derived from these cheap publications. Mr. N ovello issued it in the Musical Times: in which some years ago it had reached a sale of 70,000 copies.

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speeches at the League Bazaar, professing that some in­considerate persons had insisted that every person should dance~ himself included, and adding ;-

"I beg you will excuse me from joining you; but pray, will you who enjoy dancing and can dance, have dancing at once."

Dr. Conway, in his " Centenary of the South Place Society," says:-

.. Mr. J. A. Lyon (one of our earliest members) writes me:-

.. , At the close of the seventeen days' Bazaar at Covent Garden Theatre, the floor was cleared for a promenade. After a little speaking some cal1ed for a dance, which was carried, after much opposition by our Quaker and Puritan friends. Mr. Fox, speaking loudly, said, " I am for free trade in hops".' "

I scarcely think Mrs. Cowden Clarke can have been present, or she would have recorded this" excellent hit" . But her brother Alfred and her sister Sabilla were there, and, with some other vocalists, "volunteered songs, to the great delight of the party"; as the Times duly reported-being the only daily paper which gave a narrative of the events of the evening. "Free Trade in Hops" was a sentiment which the agricultural members of Parliament would have cordially welcomed, but which was not realized till in June, 1862, Mr. Gladstone relieved them of this truly" deplorable" tax. I cannot bear testimony to these "excellent hits". I was too bigoted a Chartist ever to attend any League meeting, even to hear Mr. Fox.

In one political movement Alfred Novello's part was very important. He was Treasurer of the Association for the Repeal of the Taxes on Knowledge. He was mentioned last July by a Liberal newspaper as having contributed greatly to the repeal of the paper and advertisement duties. So he did: but his most energetic and his most important efforts were those for the repeal of the newspaper stamp, a repeal which some influential people still regarded as an attack upon the altar and the throne. Yet at this time Mr. Novello was proprietor of the Musical Times which enjoyed the postal privileges of the stamp without the obligation to stamp the copies which did not go through the post. He devoted much money and much valuable time to the Association. Moreover, he gave to the Association the stability of an institution by advancing whatever money was necessary for carrying on the work without intermission, and for taking advantage of every opportunity of carrying the agitation into a court of law. vVhen, after the three taxes on knowledge had been repealed, and Mr. Milner Gibson received a testimonial for his services as leader of the movement, he avowed that Mr. Novello was one of those around him without whom the victory would perhaps not have been gained. Without the service which he rendered, the movement would, in all prob­ability, have broken down before the time when the stamp was repealed. Looking through the list of the eighty-four members.

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of the Committee, I cannot find one name to whom I could have appealed to supply his place.. \iVhen J asked him to be Treasurer, I had no idea to what t was inviting him. But he knew. C . D . COLLET.

THE TRANSFIGURATION OF THE SUNDAY SCHOOL .

THE dame school, picturesque but useless, has vanished for ever. Another institution, still proudly flourishing, is marked o.ut by the time-spirit, if not for doom, at least for transfigura­~lOn . This institution is the Sunday School. Rationalism has Issued its edict against the mechanical collects, the dry-as-dust cat~chism s, the inappropriate texts, and the medireval orthodoxy which, under the name of Sabbath education, have dulled the souls of Christian children.

Everything now-a-days moves on except the House of Lords and the Sunday School. Our age demands a rational religion; the unday School responds with the Apostles' Creed. Our age asks that morality should take the throne in the palace of education; the Sunday School places theology on the throne a~d morality on the footstool. Our age has analysed the Bible, dIscovered its humanity, and made it interesting; the Sunday School has turned the Bible into an intellectual desolation, and warned off the juveniles from Biblical criticism as from a robbers' den or haunted grange.

All this must be altered, and the ~thical Societies must take the lead in altering it. At present they do not put forth a superhuman energy in the establishment and spread of Sunday classes. Under the banner ot the Ethical Movement, schools are carried on at South Place, South London, and East London. Secularist schools exist at New Brompton, Leicester, and Failsworth. The Socialists gather the children together on Sundays at Bermondsey, Dalston, \iVest London, Liverpool, Bradford, and elsewhere. All these classes, however divergent in methods, have presumably the same general aim of enlighten­ing the mind, calling out the affections, and inculcating the lessons of citizenship . But there ought to be a network of non-theological Sunday Schools all over the land. Only by such means will the new thought and the new ethics take firm hold. They who would march to conquest over the old dog­matisms will deceive themselves if they expect to reach victory through lectures, journals, debates, demonstrations. The only sure way to triumph lies through the training of the young. In the Ethical sky we see the figure of a child, and around it we read the blazing scripture, " In this sign thou shalt conquer".

Young as the new Sunday Schools are, they are old enough to have developed faults. At one school the teachers worship

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science, and find salvation in botany and geology. At a second they make doubtful progress on the crutches of the story book, and the teacher reads instead of talking and questioning. At a third, the motto is Music, and the Noble Path is sought through the lively glee. At a fourth, the ruling passion takes the shape of Economics, and before the little upturned faces are exhibited charming theories of capital and labour. At a fifth there are (to speak in the dialect of the Emerald Isle) a hundred ruling passions, and a brilliant miscellaneousness gives us biography, the principles of the steam-engine, the origin of tadpoles, and the achievements of the County Council in artistic variety.

Now Olympus forbid that I should cry down freedom in the use of illustrations. I am a strong advocate (so strong as almost to be suspected of fanaticism) of the use of Vehicles in moral teaching. By Vehicles I mean stories, anecdotes, fables, parables, pictures, and the like. And I should be prepared, if called upon by any educational Star Chamber, Diet, or Royal Commission, to make a defence of these Vehicles on psycho­logical grounds. But I defer the ponderous disquisition to some more convenient occasion. The point I desire to emphasise is this-that it would be entire folly to tie down teachers to any particular set of Vehicles. In methods of teaching, as in the realms of art, of sport, of travel, of bills of fare, of fashion, etc., we must demand, and allow to our neighbours, a certain generous liberty of choice. One teacher delights to draw lessons from biography, another from natural history, another from classical or Biblical mythology. One takes pleasure in asking many questions, another keeps the class roused by requiring them to fill in the final words of sentences, another will sustain attention by the pure interest of his talk without calling upon the little hearers to contribute a word. In all sllch matters the golden rule is to let the teacher work out his or her own individuality.

Having said this much to free myself from any charge of narrowness or rigidity, I venture, with the more confidence, to touch the mainspring of the whole subject. The lessons should have a distillct ethical basis. Each lesson should be capable of being summed up in a few terse words, whether in a motto, proverb, or definition. The children should go away with a clear moral idea fixed in their minds, such as "Patience is the brave and calm bearing of trouble", or "We ought to show courage for truth's sake", or "Good habits make good character". Even the occasional helper who may not be able to give more than one lesson in every three months should follow this general regulation. Those whose opportunities and abilities permit should arrange their lessons in a definite and continuous scheme. Thus six lessons might be imparted on various aspects of Self-control, or Truthfulness, or Kindness; and other courses' might cover Habits, Duty, Our Debts to the Past, Just!c~,.

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Civil Government, Vvar and Peace, the Beauties of Nature, the Influence of Art-these are examples at r.andom. If I had Cromwellian power to enter all Rationalist Sunday Schools, and could make a clearance of ail baubles, I should abolish lessons on the Moon, the . Discovery of America, Alice in Wonderland, the History of a Glacier, etc., etc. Our children should come to us, not to be amused or to receive scientific and historical tit-bits, but to learn what little we can tell them in a passing hour of the serious meaning of life and duty. But 1 do not say they are never to laugh during the delivery of a lesson, or that the teacher may never draw illustrations from science or history. Quite the contrary. But the means must never obscure the end; and the end to be kept in view is the widening of the moral view and the awakening of moral sentiment.

The routine of the Sunday School will differ according to local conditions. I suggest the following programme as a general plan, which may be modified according to circum­st~nces :-1, Song; 2, a series of responses in which all the children can join (this may last five or more minutes); 3, a few min':ltes for practising a new tune, etc.; 4, announcements of commg events (lessons, excursions, etc.), a few words on punctuality, etc., allusions to scholars absent through sickness, etc.; 5, another song; 6, moral instruction for thirty or thirty­five minutes; 7, distribution of books and magazines; 8, final song. The whole programme need not take more than an hour and a-quarter.

Two things are wanted at the present juncture. One is the establishment of new classes in various quarters of London and the country. The other is some species of Sunday School union which will secure the benefits of mutual advice and assistance to the teachers engaged in so responsible and difficult a task. Speaking for myself I must confess that, though I have for some time devoted considerable study to the subject, I increasingly feel the greatness of the enterprise, and the necessity for mutual aid among the teachers. 1

F. J. GOULD.

REVIEW.

THOUGHTS AND ASPIRATIONS OF THE AGES. S elections in prose and verse from the R eligi01ls writi1lgs of the World. Edited by WILLlAM CHATTERTON COU PLAND, D.Sc., M.A. (London: S wan S01t1zC1Ischein and Co.)

Some of those intensely modern people who, having devoured the intellectual repast spread in these days in s~ch rude

1 Should any readers be disposed to follow out the suggestion here made. I shall be pleased if they will write to me at 12. Meynell R oad, Hackney Common, London, N .E.

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abundance, have arrived at the somewhat hasty conclusion that man requires nothing else, except a further supply of the same kind of thing on the morrow. That his moral and spiritual nature still remains unsatisfied, although periodically supplied with correct and interesting information about forms of matter and motion, never seems to be understood or acknowledged by some of the very up-to-date critics of human life. Why cannot people" take a seat at the table of science, where there is room enough for all?" asks a recent popular writer, apparently amazed at the folly of those who waste their time on other quests. To those who are content to look at the broad expanse of life from this pin-hole, and who ticket religion as merely one of the conventional lies of civilisation, there can be little interest in gathering together the aspirations of man in the past as they have come down to us in the religious books of the nations. But to those who have not cramped their thought in this fashion few things can be more profoundly interesting than to study the thoughts of the ages as they have crystallised in the sacred literatures of old times. And it may be worth while to give some consideration to these thoughts even though they have been preserved in archaic language, and the general scheme of thought in which they are set is far removed from that of to-day. The thoughtful student, armed with that wise tolerance that seems to be the happy key-note of our age, will surmount these obstacles to the understanding of the past with little difficulty.

The chief obstacle in the way of the general reader, however, is the enormous field that has to be covered to obtain even the slightest acquaintance with what man has thought from age to age on the deeper problems of life. Much also must remain for an indefinite time to come completely inaccessible to any but advanced scholars. To those who desire to know, if only in a slight and partial fashion, the way in which the thinkers of the past faced the enigmas of life, such books as this will prove of inestimable value. Nor does the fact that one or two other an­thologies of sacred literature exist in any way detract from the value of this. 0 two men are likely to survey the same region or to select in the same way, and, as a matter of fact, the volume before us is altogether different both in scope and arrangement from any other. In" The Sacred Anthology" published some twenty years since by Mr. Con way the principle of arrangement was that of leading topics, a plan that possessed considerable advantages in a book used as a devotional manual. The editor of the present volume found this impracticable, and another plan the spirit of the age seemed to indicate, viz., treating the evolution of religion, on the other hand involved so much repetition that it had to be abandoned also. The classification therefore by historical affinities was actually used. It is quite obvious that such a work cannot be an encyclopedia of religious literature, and even those who expect to find within

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its pages specimens of every phase of thought that has made a?y mark in the world, will be disappointed. Some finite dimen­SIons must be assigned to a work of even the greatest value. The selective principle actually applied to decide the admission of a.ny writing was that it should eXhibit sublimity of thought or punty and elevation of ethical sentiment. It is difficult to see ~hat better test could have been applied. Whether every selec­tIon comes up to this exalted standard may perhaps be open to ~ome question; some at least of the pieces will require to be read 10 a sympathetic spirit in order to credit them with that degree of excellence. But it is a lesson in Catholicity to try and read th.em in that way. It is impossible to lay this volume down WIthout a strong sense of the prodigious labour and research in­volved in its construction. It was expected when it was under­tak~n. that many of those who .gave the series of lectures on the Reh~Ious Systems of the '\Vorld would assist by giving their specIal knowledge of the various religions treated in their dis­courses. Dr. Coupland, however, seems to have obtained very little assistance in that way, and his work must have been alarmingly increased by that circumstance.

W. J. REYNOLDS.

The Annual General Meeting of the members of the South Place Ethical Society was held on Thursday evening, May 14th, last, Mr. ,\V. Rawlings in the chair. The minutes of the previous annual meeting were read and confirmed . The chairman explained that as there were eleven candidates for eight vacancies on the committee there would be a ba1lot. The report and balance­sheet having been taken as read, the chairman in moving their adoption said that (in view of the state of the finances) he was sorry that the guarantee had not been as successful as was anticipated; but on the whole he thought he might congratulate the members, the deficit being less than in the previous year, and the debt on the building reduced, and steadily decreasing by £100 a year. Ir. Da1low seconded, and after some discus­sion, the report and balance sheet were unanimously adopted . On the motion of the chairman, seconded by Mr. Dallow, it was resolved, "That the best thanks of the members be given to the Trustees of the Mortgage Redemption Fund for their services, and that they be released from their duties". The following debentures were drawn for payment, Nos. II6, !I7, I25, I59, and I82, the holders being Mr. and Mrs. Cook, Mr. Cogar, Mr. A. R. Gibbons, Mr. and Mrs. Pugh, and Mr. and Mrs. Tait. The chairman announced the result of the poll and declared the the following members duly elected: Mrs. Blake, Mrs. W. J. Reynolds, Miss M. Rawlings, and Messrs. E. A. Carr, H . Crossfield, R. G. Elwes, Wallis Mansford, and VI.

I2

R. Southon. Messrs. W . E. Champion and Harold Seyler were declared duly elected as auditors. Owing to the illness of Mrs. Conway, Dr. Con way was not able to be present. A special general meeting was afterwards held to consider a proposal to alter the rules by the inclusion of an "object". Mr. Reynolds took the chair and explained the purpose of the meeting. On the action of Mr. Clarence H . Seyler, seconded by Mr. Sheowring, it was proposed to include the following in the rules of the Society: "The object of the Society is the cultivation of a rational religious sentiment, the study of ethical principles, and the promotion of human welfare, in harmony with advancing knowledge". After a discussion, the resolution was carried by 34 votes to 5.

A special confirmatory meeting was held on 28th J nne, when, on the motion of Mr. Clarence H. Seyler, seconded by Captain Frank Ross, the new rule was adopted by 22 votes to 5.

On Sunday, May 17th, a largely attended meeting was held at South Place to consider the Education Bill then before Parliament. Dr. Moncure D . Conway presided, and was supported by Messrs. W. Crowd er, F . J. Gould, J. Allanson Picton, and W. R. Washington Sullivan. Dr. Conway expressed his approval of clause 27 requiring separate religious instruction to be given if asked for" by the parents of a reason­able number of children ", but doubted whether the plan was workable except in a few large towns. Mr. Picton said that the proposal to restrict by Act of Parliament the national expenditure on elementary education was most inopportune. As a member of the first London School Board, he showed that School Boards had raised the standards of the staff, curriculum and buildings of schools throughout the country. Because they had done their work well, School Boards were assailed. There could be no solution of the religious difficulty without providing in all State-aided schools a purely secular system of education. Messrs. Sullivan, Arcoll, Patterson, and Gould having spoken, it was, on the motion of ~1r. Clarence H. Seyler, seconded by Mrs. Bradlaugh Bonner and supported by 1\1r. S. G. Fenton, unanimously resolved, that in the opinion of the meeting true religious equality and cessation from con ­troversy could only be obtained by providing purely secular education in all schools supported by rates and taxes. Dr. Con way was requested to forward to the member for the constituency a copy of the resolution.

The fourth annual free Concert in the Birch Grove (Sussex) Schoolrooms by the South Place Ramblers, a large party of whom this year again spent Whitsuntide on Ashdown Forest, was given on \Vhit -Monday. The programme included a con­certina solo by 1\1r. J. A. Black, songs by Mrs. A. J. Clements, Mrs. \V . H . Fenton, Misses Davenport, Hooper, and Reid, and l\Iessrs. E. H . Atkinson, H. AshdQwn Jones, A. J. Clements,

and W. Varian. Mr. Varian also recited Bret Harte's " In the Tunnel." Miss Irene Reynolds gave a hornpipe dance. Mr. and Mrs. Clements sang a duet from Rztddigore. The accom­panists on the piano were Mrs. Bunn and Mr. W. J. Morressy, who also gave a duet. The Rambler's Band rendered several selections during the evening.

SUNDAY AFTERNOON LECTURES.-The Course on the ;British Empire, commenced last autumn, will be resumed on October 4th, and, from the list of lecturers, should prove an interesting sequel to that of last year. Among them for October we notice the Hon. W . P. Reeve, Agent-General for New Zealand, Mr. Justice Conde Williams, and Miss Werner. The last named having just returned from Central Africa, her lecture, from information gathered on the spot, should be at present of great interest . Full particulars of the Course are given in the Monthly List.

SOUTH PLACE DISCUSSION SOCIETY. - The Session will be openect on \iVednesday evening, October 7th, with a paper from Dr. Con way on "Tolstoi and Patriotism". Free discussion as usual. As will be seen from List, there are some particularly interesting items promised in the programme fixed for the next three months, and it is to be hoped that members will well support so important a branch of South Place work.

RAMBLES.-The work in our Society known as the Saturday Afternoon Rambles terminated on Saturday, September 26th, by a visit to Eltham. During the season we understand there have been some fifty conducted visits. To give some idea of the popularity of the Rambles, we learn there were more than 3,000 applications for those on the application form, and more than 2,000 tickets were issued.

The two Ramblers' Soirees, one in the spring and the other on the 17th ult ., have been held as usual, the latter being of exceptional interest . The papers by Miss Phipson, Mr. Wallis Mansford, and Mr. Rawlings were all good, and the lantern slides, shown by Mr. Rawlings, of views taken by himself, in illustration of his short paper, were of very great merit, and showed what brilliant effects can be produced by the camera, when handled by one possessed of the necessary skill and taste.

Some delightful glees, sung by the "Amphion Glee-men", added greatly to the evening's enjoyment .

TUESDAY EVENING LECTURES.-We are sorry to hear that there is a serious deficit on last season's lectures, and in order to clear it off arrangements have been made with Mr. J. E . Greenhill to give a lecture on, and demonstration of, "New Photography" and the Rontgen Rays. It will take place on Thursday evening, the 22nd inst., and the lecture will be fully illustrated by experiments, photographs being taken of opaque

substances, and of the bones of living animals, etc. Vve hope Mr. Greenhill will have a large audience for so attractive and " up-to-date" a lecture, and that the results will be satisfactory to the Lecture Committee.

SOUTH PLACE SUNDAY POPULAR CONCERTS. - The eleventh season will commence on Sunday, October 4th, at 7 p.m., when the 230th Concert will be given. On reference to the Report for last season, which is just published, it will be seen what a useful educational purpose these concerts are serving, and the Committee hope to see as many members and friends during the forthcoming season as can attend.

KINDRED SOCIETIES.

LONDON ETHICAL SOCIETY, Essex Hall.-The winter session will open on Sunday, October Il, with a lecture on Shakespeare, by Professor Edward Caird, Master of Baliol College, Oxford. Three courses of three lectures each will be given on Sunday evenings, at 7 o'clock. The first course, beginning October II, will be by Rev. Philip H. Wicksteed M.A., on "The Ethics of the Hebrew Prophets". The second' upon "Culture", will be given by Professor 'lV. P. Ker of University College; and the third course, on "The Ethics of the Greeks", by Bernard Bosanquet, LL.D. A course of University Extension lectures on "The Will in relation to Conduct" will be delivered by J. H. Muirhead, M.A., beginning 'lVednesday, October 7, at 8 p.m. Fee for the course 2S. 6d. ; first lecture free.

UNION OF ETHICAL SOCIETIES.-The first annual Con­gress of the Union, which consists of the North, South, East and West London Societies was held at Leighton Hall on Sunday July 5th, under the Presidency of Mrs. Schwann. Lectur~ courses on Ethics and Moral Education have been arranged for the last three months of the year; particulars of Miss Vallance, The Deanery, Stratford, Essex. The West London Ethical Society has secured Kensington Town Hall for Dr. Stanton Coit's Sunday morning lectures. The South London Society will meet in the large hall of the Surrey Masonic Hall) Camberwell New Road; Dr. Coit will lecture on the first three Sunday evenings, his subjects being: Oct. 4, "The Sign of the Cross"; Oct. Il, "Zola's 'Lourdes': Miracles"; Oct. 18, "Gazing at a Crucifix". The North London Society invite friends living in Kentish Town to send their children to the Sunday School, which is to be reconstituted at Leighton Hall.

An International Ethical Congress was held at Zurich from Sunday, 6th Sept., to Thursday, the loth. Among the delegates and friends were Dr. Felix Adler, Dr. Coit, Dr. Forster, Dr. Pfungst, Professor Tonnies, Dr. Reich, Herr Gustav Maier, etc.

15

England was represented by Dr. Coit, M,isses E. J. Troup, Hickson, Rose, Mr. F. J. Gould, ana. others.

HUMANITARIAN LEAGUE.-Conjointly with the Leigh Browne Trust, this Leagu~ has _arranged a most interesting series of five Humane Science Lectures, to be given at St. Martin's Hall, Trafalgar Square. The programme is as follows: 'Oct. 27, "The Need of a Rational and Humane Science," by Edward Carpenter; Nov. 17, "Natural Selection and Mutual Aid," by Peter Kropotkin; Dec. 8, "The Humane Study of Natural History," by J. Arthur Thomson, M.A.; Jan. 19, "The Treatment of Criminals," by Rev, VV, Douglas Morrison; Feb. 9, "Mental Suggestion in Relation to Medicine and Scientific Research," by Dr. J, Milne BramwelL Admission free,

NATIONAL FEDERATION OF SUNDAY SOCIETIES.-The third annual Congress will be held at N ewcastle-on-Tyne on Oct. 10, 11 and 12, under the Presidency of Dr. R. Spence Watson , Among other matters will be considered the Report of the Select Committee of the House of Lords on the Lord's Day Act (21 Geo. Ill, cap. 49). Representatives from the Sunday Societies of London, Manchester, Liverpool, Birming­ham, and other towns, will be present.

SOUTH PLACE GIRLS' CLUB.- The various classes at this Club have started again, and include a very good French class, which can be joined by non-members at a moderate .charge.

The Sunday Shakespeare Society meets on Oct. 18, at 7 p.m., to read and discuss" Timon of Athens". Visitors are welcome.

LIBERAL SOCIAL UNION.-The next Soiree is fixed for ,October 29.

We are very pleased to be able to state that Mrs. Conway, whose severe illness in the spring was the cause of much anxiety to her family and friends, is gradually making progress towards health. Her stay, when convalescent, at a quiet Surrey village, .and afterwards at the sea-side, has had a good effect, and we therefore hope Mrs. Con way will soon be quite well again, and able to resume her place amongst us. Her son, Mr. Eustace Conway, formerly well known to members of South Place, and who is now a successful lawyer in New York, paid a visit to England during his mother's illness. His stay, unfortunately, was too short to allow of his appearing among his friends at the Chapel.

NOTICES.-Births.-On April 10th, the wife of W. T. Restall -of a son (Kenneth).

On April 26th, the wife of C. A. Seyler, Swansea, of a -daughter (Mildred).

On May 11th, the wife of W. Halliday of a son (Eric).

r6

On June 15th, the wife of W. Rawlings of a daughter (Ethel). On July 31St, the wife of Hugh Parry of a son (Frank

Meredith).

Marriages.-On 6th June, 1896, at St . George's Church, Bloomsbury, Martha (Pattie), daughter of Mrs. Carter, of 49, Russell Square, and of the late Robert Carter, to Edgar Lutwyche \Vaterlow, eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. Philip Hickson WaterIow, of Holmleigh, Hall Road, N .W., and grandson of Sir Sydney Waterlow, Bart.

On lIth August, 1896, at the Established Church, Moffat, N .B., Flora (Flo), daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. Stace Smith, of Clarefoot, Moffat, to Robert Carter, eldest son of Mrs. Carter, of 49, Russell Square, and of the late Robert Carter.

On loth September, 1896, at the Church of St. John the Baptist, High Barnet, Helen, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Thyne, of 53, Wood Street, High Barnet, to Alexander Baird Carter, second son of Mrs. Carter, of 49, Russell Square, and of the late Robert Carter.

New Members.-Coles, Miss M. F., 8, Reighton Road, Upper Clapton .

Mold, Miss F. A., 125, Dalston Lane, N .E. Rendle, John, 24, Newington Causeway. Reeve, J., Il, Lewis Grove, Lewisham, S.E. Satchwell, Thomas, High View, Durham Rd., East Finchley.

New Associates.-Crombie, Mrs. Alex., Findlay, Dalmain Bridge, Grantown, N .B.

Pinley, Mrs., 61, Tottenham Court Road . Vickery, Mrs. Alice, Duncelin, 28, Carson Road, West Dulwich. Cooke, Mrs. G. W., Miss, Mr. G ., and Mr. H . (formerly of

New Bridge St.), 6, Albany Gardens, King's Road, Richmond Hill. Guy, A. L., Rostrevor, Lewisham Park, S .E . Lensley, J. T., Bloomfield Crescent, Bath. Seyler, C. A., 31, Windsor Terrace, Swansea. Webb, \V., Central Telegraph Office, E.C.

Removals.-Christie, Miss, 20, Lambolle Road, South Hamp-stead, N.W.

Cooke, \V. J., Il7, Grundy Street, Poplar, E. Ebertz, Miss, 65, Brecknock Road, N.W. Eh-ves, R. G., Suffolk House, 3, Lawrence Pountney Hill, E.C. McDonald, Miss E., Lyonsdown, Middle Lane, Winchmore

Hill . Millington, J. C., 23, Southcote Road, N . Parry, H ., 55, Buxton Road, Chingford. Sworn, Miss K. E., 26, Aubert Park, Highbury, N. Tait, Mr. and Mrs. P., 20, Lambolle Road, South Hampstead,

N.W. .

Printed by A. BONNER, I & 2 Took's Court, Cursitor Street, London, E .C.

INSTITUTE SEASON TICKET. Th~ F Series, available from October, 1896, to September, 1897, is now being issued,

lncludlDg :-Mo':thly Soirees.-October, November, December, February, March, April. Instttute Lectures.-Oclober. November. December, January, February, March. Saturday Afternoon Rambles.-Marcb to September, 1897; and 2 Ramblers' Soirees, and

use of Lending Library, at iuclusive charge of 10S. 6d. I~sued to Members and Non-Members, transferable to Non.Members only. Early applica. tlon should be made to the Librarian or to the Hon. Secretary,

WA':LI8 MANSFORD, 53, Aldersgate Street, E.C.

SATURDAY AFTERNOON RAMBLES .

f October 3rd.-A visit will be paid to the South Kensington Museum. Meet in the gallery

<> the Chantrey Bequest at 4 l,>.m.

M October 17th.-A second VIsit will be paid to the Museum for the purpose of sketching.

eet at the base of the Trojan columu at 3.30.

RAMBLERS' DANCES.- NINTH SEASON . These fortni ghtly dances will he resumed at Armfield's Hotel, I South Place, Finsbury,

E.C., OD October 10th. Further particulars may be had of the hon. sec., Miss S. TAYLOR, 226, Hainault Road, Leytonstone.

A Lecture and Demonstration on" THE RONTGEN RAYS", by J. E. GREEHHlLL, on Thursday evening, October 22nd. at 7 o'clock. The Lecture will be fully illustrated by means -of numerous experiments and the Optical Lantern. Tickets, IS. each. Doors open at 6.30.

A Course of Six Lectures on "THE MAKERS OF MODERN MUSIC ", with Vocal and Instrumental Illustrations, will be given by Miss ANNIE lIfUIRHEAD. On Thursday e~entngs at 7 o'clock. The first Lecture, October 29th, will be on ,. Bach and the Fu~ue 1'. TL!bckets, 3S. 6cl. for the course. Single lecture, IS. Syllabus and Tickets may be had In the

) rary. H 011. Sec., J. HALL.M, 18, SI. Mark's Crescent, Regent's Park.

SUNDAY AFTERNOON FREE LECTURES ON THE BRITISH EMPIRE. October lIth.-Hon. WILLIAM P. Rp.EvEs (Agent General for New Zealand)-" New

Zealand. " 18th.-His Honour Mr JUSTtC," CONDR WILLIAMS (Of Mauritius)-" Mauri~ius."

" 25tlt.-Miss A. Wl-:RN ~-" Central Africa." (With Lantern Illustrations.) An ORGAN RECITAL will b' en, followed by VOCAL SOLO, each afternoon from 3.30

to i o'clock. All seats fro(;. .. _0 collection. Doors open at 3.30. Lecture al,.. o'clock. HOll. Sec .. \V. Sm:owRING, 35, Osbaldeston Road, Stoke Newington, N.

THE MONTHLY SOIREES will be resumed on the evening of Monday, 5th October, when Mr. J. DONKIN will read a papc~ on "Some Sketching Experiences . I! Tea and coffee at 7.30 and durin~" the eyenmg. Tickets, 15. 6d. for series of three soirees, or IS. for single soiree. Children's llckets for single soirees half-price. Hall. Sce., Mrs. T. DlxoN, 6g Tollington Park, N.,

SUNDAY POPULAR CONCERTS. The Eleventh Sca..c;on will begin on Sunday Evenins. October ol.lh, for which month the

following arrangements !rave been made:-October 4th.-JIlstrI/1IIC11talists: Messrs. Richard H. Walthew, Gcrald Walenn, ~liss

Winifred Bauer, and Mr. Ilcrbert Walenn i Vocalist: Mr. Charles Copland; Accompanist: Miss Kate Augusta Davies. Tbe Programme will include Brahm's Quartet in A, Op. 26, for piano and strings.

October lIth.-IlIstl'l/1/Imta/ists: fllessrs. John Sannders, A. G. Kendleton, Thomas Ball),> and J. Preuveneers; Voca!t',fs: Miss Clam l{obson and r,lr. lames Brand; Accoll1-paJl1~t: Miss Kale Augusla Davies. The Programm(; will inc1uue Mozart's Strin~ Quartot in C.

October 18th.-IlISt"'I1I)wtaiists: Miss Annie Fry, Miss Cecilia Gates, and Mr. /I. T. Trust; Vocahst: Mrs. Hclen TruH; AC(01llpauisi: Miss Kate Au~usta Davies. The Prog-ramme will include Schumann's Trio in D minor, Op. 63, for piano and strings.

October 25th.--Iltstl'llllwltalists: Mr<. James 11. Lcy, Messrs.'John Saunders, Archihalrl Evans, Tbomas Batty, Alfred J. Clen'cnts, and \Villiam C. Hann: Vocalist: Mr. JameS H. Ley. The Programme will include Mozart's String Quintet in G mina)

Doors open at 6.40. Concerts at 7 p.m. Admission Free. Collection to defray expenses. The Report of the Tenth Season may be had on application.

Hall. T,·eas.: H. G. MORRIS, 42, George Lane, Lewisham, S.E. J[ Se l Ar.FRED J. Cr.EMENTS, 25, Camden Road, N.W.

OU. cs. l W. F. t\.fORIU';SSBY, 8, Leigbton Crescent, Kentish Town, N.\\'

DISCUSSION SOCIETY. The following meetings will be held during Octoher:-

Wednesday, October 7th" Tolstoi on Patrio~ism." Opened by Dr. Mo,c(;RL D. CONWAY. Chairman, C. H. Scyler.

Wednesday, October 2ISt.-H Is Malthusianism inimical to Race Progress." Opened by W. H. SOUTtlON. Chainn.n, E. Dallow.

Chair taken at 8 p.m. Free Discussion, in which all those interested arc invited to join. Annual Subscription, Is.-Hon. Sce.: MAUD llLAKE, 3, \\'indsor Terrace, City Road, N.

DEBENTURE REDEMPTION COMMITTEE. Since the issue of the Debentures the debt on the huildil,g has been reduced by £654,

and the outstanding liability D.,W amounts to [1,346. Gifts of books, paintings, photographs, etc., are now being received for the 1897 BOOk ~ale.

Hall. Stc. alld Rrg1Strar: WALLIS MANSFORD, 53, Aldersgate Street, City.

NOTICE. A PUBLIC MEETING will be held at the CHAPEL on SUNDAY evening,

SEPTEMBER 27th, at 7 o'clock: Cl To consider the troubles in the East and our duty in the present crisis. "

Dr MONCURE D. CON WAY will preside.

PUBLICATIONS. The following amongst other publications are 011 sale ill tlte Libl'alY:

Pnine's U Age of Reason '\ edited by Dr. CONWAV; price 2$. Sd . .. The Sacred Anthology." by Dr. CONWAV; price 3s. "Thoughts and Aspirations of the Ages." compiled by Dr. W. C. COUPLAND; price 7S.lId.

SOUTH PLACE MAGAZINE. The Subscription for the Magazine for 12 months is 25. 6d .• post free. and it can now be

paid in Ibe Library. or sent to CRN>:ST A. CARR, Ho., Sec. Uagazille Comtnilt .... Soutb Place Institute, South Place, Finsbury, E.e.

It is requested that ail Literary Contributions, Notes from Kindred Societies. Corres­pondence. Notices of Change of Address. etc .• be addressed to tbe Editor of the Magazine.

Secretaries of kindred Societies, booksellers, and others willing to have copies of the Magazine on sale. can be supplied on ths usual trade terms by tbe publishers. A. and H. B. BONN>:R. I and 2 Took's Court. Cursitor Street, E.C.

LENDING LIBRARY. Open to Subscribers and Season Ticket •

Sunday morning at 10.30. Books may also I­reference or home reading. Catalogues can

I,jers. The Hon. Librarians attend every '~ed at the Monthlv Soirees. eitber for

. In the Library. pnce .d.

Hon, Librarians ' J. R. Carter, 67. r 1 Mrs. J. SK"LLO

~nue, High~ato, N. I. Cavendisb Road. Harringay. N

HONORARY TrCa51H'er: W. CROWOLER, 27f, Evct •. Secretary: Mrs. C. FLETCHEI~ S~UTH, ",v,

, 1

Secreta/'ies of Sub-COli/unit.,".

·'pton. N.E. ,tamford Hill. N.

BuildlOg HlORGERT MANSFORD. 53. Aldersgate Street, E.C.

1 ALFRED J. CLEM>:NTS. 25. Cam den Road, N. \V. Concert W. F . Jl.!ORRESSV. 8, Lcighton Crescent, Kentish Town. N.W.

Debenture Redemption \VALLIS ;\IANSFORD. 53, Aldersgate Street. E.C. Decoration .. Miss HUNT, q, Thistlcwaite Road, Clapton, N.E. Discussion... Mrs. MAUD BLAKE. 3, Windsor Terrace. City Road. N. Finance C. R. DR,\CE. 42. Manor Road. Stamford Hill, N. Girl's Club Miss E. PHlrsON. 5. Park Place. Upper Baker Street. N.W. House Miss J OIINSON, 162. Amhurst Road. Hackney. N.E. Institute I \V. SH~O\\'RIXG, 35, 05baldeston Road, Stoke Ncwiogton, N.

J. H,\LLAM. IS. St. Mark's Crescent, Regent's Park. Library Magazine

W. S. CIIAWSHAY. '5. Brussels Road. New WaJldswortb. S.W. ERN>:sT A. CARR. 9'. Thurleston Road. West Norwood. S.E.

Members I :'Irs. T. DIXoN, 69. Tollington Pari,. N. PAUL H. HOOD. 10. Fidding Road. Bedford Park, W. E. ~!. REISS • .)7. Gresbam Road. Brixton. Music

Season Ticket \VALL" ~IANS"ORD. 53. Aldersgate Street. E.C. Soiree Mrs. T. Dt"ON, 69. Tol1lngton Park. N. Sunday Morning

Lecture ... I W. RAWLINGS. 406. Marc Street. Hackney. N.E.

Sunday School Mrs. C. R. BRACE. 42. Manor Road. Stamford Hill. N.

E.C. N.E. N. N. N.W. S.W. S.E.

District Secretaries (Members' Committee) . Mrs. T. FAIRHALL, 107. Bunhiil Row. Miss TOHNSON. 162, Amhurst Road. Mrs. -<..V. J. REVNOLDS. 61. Fairbolt Road, Stoke Newington. Mrs. PE.CV HICKSON, 6, Pctherton Road, Higbbury. Mrs. P . TAIT. 20. Lambollc Road. S. Hampstead, N.W lIlrs. S. G. FC"'TON, 30, Thurlcigh Road. Wandsworth Common. H. G. MORRIS, 42, Georgc Lane. Lewisbam.

I J. R. CART"R. 67, Cromwcll Avenue. Highgate, N. Librarians. .. Mrs. J. SKELLORN. Tbornlcigh. Cavendisb Road. Harringay. N.

Organist H. SMtTH We8STER. 132. Camden Street, N.W.

The Building is to be let for Meetings. etc. Forms of application may be had of the Caretaker. n, South Place. E.C. ; and when !ilied up should be sent to Mr. C. R. Brace. 4'. Manor Road. Stamford Hill. N.