south america today. indigenous cultures european contact: –spanish, portuguese and other...
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Indigenous Cultures
• European Contact:– Spanish, Portuguese and other Europeans
changed culture and lives of native people– Introduced a new population group; the
Mestizos( a mix of Native American or African and European ancestry)
Maintaining Traditions
• 3 largest groups of indigenous people are the Aymara, Quechua and Guarani
• Aymara– Live in the Andes of Peru and Bolivia– Speak native language– Herd llamas and alpacas– Grow potatoes and quinoa
Maintaining Traditions
• Quechua– Live in the Andes of Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia – Religion is a blend of native beliefs and
Catholicism– Speak native language– Practice native tradtions , like weaving
Maintaining traditions
• Guarani– Live in Paraguay– Speak native language– Art keeps native influence
• Mundurku– Live in Brazil– Farm, hunt, and fish in the rainforest– Sell latex from rubber trees
1.2 Language diversity
• 50 language families
• Spanish and Portuguese are main languages, but also French and Italian
• Creole –developed by combining two languages– Plantation workers did this so they could
communicate
Language
• Indigenous languages continue to thrive, over 500 different languages spoken
• Reasons: Large number of indigenous groups Topography
- rainforest isolate groups - Andes and highlands also kept European
languages from being adopted
Government Recognition
• Many countries have decided to give native languages official status.
– Peru- Spanish and Quechua official languages– Paraguay- Guarani and Spanish
• Government also have allowed outside groups to record and document native languages( National Geographic Enduring Voices)
1.3 Daily Life
• Religion– Religion guides everything : traditions,
festivals, and holidays– Roman Catholicism is main religion
( conversion during the colonial period)– Protestants – small groups Chile, Brazil,
Guianas, Bolivia and Ecuador.– Other religions are mixes of native, African and
Catholic ways
School
• Public education for all people
• Some struggle to receive an education because:– Few rural schools– Shortage of teachers– Children leave school to to help earn money for
their families
Sports
• All over South America people play soccer or Futbol
• Brazil has many leagues and tries to develop players to win the World Cup
Food
• Depending on where you are in South America will influence what is being served
• Chile – seafood• Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina- beef• Peru- llamas and alpacas• Stews, black beans, rice, and vegetables are
common• Most foods are a blend of native, African and
European cuisines