• • '., 1) 4. .IDmIDmmmmmmmmmSSS ~'

$ $$ $S $! K "lb. G.p.a "'.W.·..P". ~,.'~ No. :.l7-Vol. XLVIII FRIDAY, 7TH JULV, 1950. 'PRICE' ~Ol,J~ P'''CE ~

~ Ss !$ ;$ ~S' ~

S * * * S$ , . SS $SISS / $$ $S '$S $$ A PRAYER $s ~~ U We are weak, 0 Lord: Vouchsafe unto us strength, that ~

S we may be able to discharge the solemn duties for which ~

S we are accountable to Thee. Lord of our life! draw our $G hearts wholly unto Thy service, and enlist all our SS energies in the cause of truth, that we may do nothing ~S in opposition to Thy will. Help us; 0 help us, Father of $G mercies, for without Thy help all our attempts at pro- SS gress will be vain. ~ Be Thou our shield and buckler, out' $! light and hope, in this world of trial. Unite us all in $'WI one family, and establJsh universal brotherhood among $S mankind, that the lives of all may be consecrated to gS Thee and to Thee alone." $! -Ke,hub Ch.nd,. Sen. ~S ~~ ~~ $S $:

'S $S $

S * * * SS e$ ~S. $S· .' $q§} (9}(91 m mc.lGlm (6} rom m·m m C)·m46l-.ffi ~11{6}mim'~'m'i@l){~,~, t91- 'W'!IlJ'

I •••••·:O' •• IO~ '1th Jofy. 195"

SAREES

*Printed Voile Suees.

In latest Designs. Pink.White &r Blue Ground.

S yds. lengths. 15/- nch6 yd•• lengths. 30/- each

FANCY TINSEL'SAREE BORDERSIn Latest Designs

&r Colourlngs8 yds. to II piece

From 15/- To SO/­pe" piece.

,JAYBEE SILK HOUSE(FORMERLY THE JAPAN DAZAAR)

JOHANNESBURG'S FAMOUS SAREE HOUSE

MEI'l'SPURESILKSHIRTS.

• Cream.CollarAttached.

All Slze~.

27/3,each.

Phone 33-6229. 39a MARKET STREET, JOHANNESBURG. P. O. Box 5169

ADVANCE 19S0 MODELS

NATAL.

BONESWANTED

We Pay

I£7 PER TON I

. F.O.R. your .Station or Siding

BAGS RETURNED RAILAGE PAIDI

SARNIA,

THE

BULLBRAN·DFERTILIZERS LTD.·

For F1tll Particulars torite to:

\

COR. ELOPP & HARKET SU., ~OHIIIBSBglQ

WITItTIIENEW r.nRACLE

DUNA·POWER MAINSl'RINC.

KATZ & LOURIE LTD.

21 J ..... Lord El¢o .od \7 J....lB.\i:ID Dc Luxe In Solid Gold Ind~ld I'lU.dCO....La:". mndrlllS J.".I E'~loJIn Cnld fWrd OISU.

"

K~sturba Cictndlll memorl~1 HumberOoplol of Kulurbl aandhl Memorial Number con be h."

at lhl. offioe. at lao 3d. looludloll poelatle.I I ndicnl. @pinionj

- Phoantx, ]fatal,

~re YOU a subscriber ot'Indian Opinion'

If not, Why not?

7th July, 1950

M. J. PATELINTERNATIONAL SPORTS COMPANY

I

Importers & Exporters & GeneralCommission Agents

10 P~king ROild 9 Kilwoon 9 uonG l\onG.Special attention is pct!d

to indent ordersWrite To Us For Further Particulars.

P. HA~GOVAN &CO.(PTY.) LTD.'

WHOLESALE MERCHANTS..~~~..!¥r_q.R!!!~§.·.

P. O. BOX 1250.

.. 15517 Warwic~ Avenue

DURBA,Nc

PbODe 29638.Cable It Tel. Add.: "HARGYAIl".

/

TY ~OBO RRAIlD (PAlN·I.CUREl HEADACHE POWDERSFlOII TOUR CHEMUT at 9.1.; 1/6, 2/6 ad C/6, .. rOST FREE nOM

ERREST TYSON, CHEMIST, TOLLGATE, DURBAN '49'

, HANNON'S DETECTIVE AGENCY (PTY.) LTD.

~IANAGING DIRECTOR' O. HANNON, aevenleen YeJIJ. Royal IrishCOD.tabulary and Crim[nlLl Investig.tion Deputment, S. A. Pnliee.

M..,llfer, MINDEN PLUMLEY~ e>: He..don PoUce College and Crimi·nal Invedis_lion Dtpa11:menl, New Scotland Yard. London.

Criminal, Co~merc.i.1 and M..trimoni.l Invelli.ationl Carri,pd CutIn Strictest Coptidf!'nc~

JlIIZ Puleu Clu.mb<n. J,pp. Sln,l, P.O. llu 5199. J.Lua..~....g.·Pll....'-O"i.., ZI·7771. AltUM,,",' ZC-4S44 •

HEADACHES QIJICKLY RELIEVEDBY TAKING

I,.lfe, Fire', Motor ear, Motor LOl'ry,Motor Bus, Plate Glass, Workmen's

C2ompensatloD, Etc. Etc.

.. 'THE

NEW INDIA' ASSURANCE, --bOMPANY LTMITED.--

I2>11 (,1{\ <O.~l ll''l-U~[ ~'~Jnrll, 2>ll~, i\1c!.~ lin i\1c!.~~h{l, ~lc!.~ O(~, ~c!. ~l~h, !1~~I~I::t ~:ltctl <{\<l12>l1,

. I ~12{C\1. <0.>1, ~~1l 0>1<1<\1 c{\~lvtl (3<HIc{\ -tl!Il{ ~.

I t.lll !l·\( ..n~ @'to-/rl 2>l1,{~( ~ ~~!l, ~1{\..{l \~lI'( ~,

I

J,A LBHOY Ii USTOM d' EEPrincipal Kep18Seutlttn Plr !bl Olion 01 Soutb Atric!.l

.........., " "",•• ',. I .,IIoU 1 •

! Natal ODl~: ~j "NATVAR MANSION" ji :

11 74, VictorIa Street, I.i' DURBllN. ~

; Telepbone 258U.. P. O. BOll: 1610. !! !

I Tel. Add. II RUSTOMJEB " i~ , Durban. ~::,- ::,._.I _ .. I0 , ".u :

!......····..···..T;~-;;;;;;l·· ..·oii;~· ..··..······..M!

I ROOMS NO. 12 &: 13. !! BARKLY ARCADE. I ~

-! - Digonal Street, ~i JOIlRRI'lEliBURO ~

i relipbooe 33".47a ;! ~, rll. Add: .. \lU5TOI'il~BB' II JOflllRrtESBU~Q. i• ,. "1 _~ ;

INDIAN OPINION

B. f. s. .H. CO. Ltd.

Announce the reointroductlo n of direct calls at KarachI.

P:lsseDgers musl conlorm with the V:lccUution and Y'eUotvFever inDoculatlon requirements &lId obum c,erufic.lle:J trom their

I Dearest District Surgeon. llUlocuhllion by 3Dd CCrlJlIC3le~ Jrolllpriv:lIe MedlC:ll PraclJt10Den WIll .oat be accepted.

FARES: OUHBA.N TO BOMBAY

7th July, '950

~l~Uf.d~ale~~! dl~· d·~~:ect ~... ! I

tI~~Cl-'I~I~ 2If1 ;11 ctl>lI '!irt~1 "t"'1~t~. ~l ~11 ~!~f

~,cti~( dtlt~ ~rt ~~l !r~~. m1~'11 f;~1l' ~13t~ ctllll(\ ~I~ W.

'lf1~o1 tlGct ~~i~ ii, ~=t ~"t ~.'{ ~Pll'! 0. ){~'l'" ~hct~\

«Io{i:tl 1l~~. E{h~.{l "Hlu{)~ ct~('l~' It!'I~ ~. <t~-3l.~ ~(fl

<nctw "'Ill!tl~ W. IOldl.fl ~'1 VUll iil~llll:t o1l~~ !l~ ~, 2If~

ctl~~ ~1-4\ 't~l !:~ i?I.

~I ~11 I'",q 'PI ~:t t1t'\=l..fl ~!ta rt,>('JlI\:!:t 't~<1'" 1~ !=!'I-ig i\lt ftl'fi :t~~I~ ct~ "trtl'\~, ii\1~ct lt~~ "'I~ "t1(J1~1

ltl'? ~l ~11 iil!J ~Hu{\ @\ilpn 0. ~, ii\!: ~1~r-(I·Jt ~'rt=l.a

~I.u~ ~.

~;. U!.teta ~t~utn-~laUj..n a~et :Hl. H-~~lI\'t11llll~:-

!66-0-045-0-030-0-0'S-IS-O

First. Class single wi.U1out (oodSecond ..Inter-ClassUnberthed (Deck) without" food

\------

Muslim Sp::cial Food £10-17-6 Ordinary Food £4-15_°Hindu Special Food £10-0-0 Ordinary Food (4-2-4

Bookings for lSI, 2.nd, Inter-CI.1$:' 31ld Ullbertbed (Deck) canbe effected by communlcaUon wnh U$ by tele~ram or letlers.

For further particulars ap'ply to-:"

SHAJK HIMED & SONS {pry] LTD.390 PI NE STREET - .:.. DURBAN.

UDan Health ']ostitntc,P. o. Box 1t69,

DURBAN.

DUfF'S ~OAD TOWNSHIP.120 LOTS H~YE ALREADY BEEIf SOLD

DON'T DELAYONLY liS RESIDENTIAL SITES LEFT

BOO~ YOU~ SITE '140W

l\liSO VAlIUl\BlIE T~ADIf{G SITES AVl\llsIlSlsEI

\Vithin easy rail transport of Durban,10 1'liles from City Hall.

BllY NeW nNO snVE.RLL ~N EnSY TERMS

15% Deposit. Balance spread over 5 years.

VOY$ev, BO$hoff-&-

~ CO. (Ply.) Ltd.29), Smit~ Street, rhODe 28954

-- -_._------- -------------Tear 01I here aDd post to

VOYSEY, BOSHOFF & CO. {PTY.} LTD.29f. Smith Str~et, Durban.

1 am iot~rested in the DulIsRoad dtes Rod would IiIle tohave a plan of the TOWDlbip. (Please print)

'=ll. ~ "Ei-~tl ~ellt ~lll\~ov.: ~~.tlIr .'II4I.tllI .,11'\"",",.

,\" MaoQ '~lu"ril,~ itt.."" \lloQ a11... ilun il~t.ll~u."n -.il O\.ucn-. tAiit.

1Itl1I\" :""''''~.' ~1tdl ~la' ~'" ~1l~\, ll\'Qat',.""lifo", ""u'u ~i\\ lll\'''' u,..,' ~.ucn~ ~-..

"1,1 cn~\ llL"l ill~\ )(~I"lli ~a\lr iil'4 1t ')&"&1.I.'" .."'all\ ~"lc(\ "l'll~'

PHONE 33-66'76. P. O. BOX 3680.

THE NEW DiL-KHUSH 'SWEET MART:14 PresideDI SIfte, Conser DiaCOll8! S... JaLuDeslnlr~'

~~..Q:q~r t~.n~~ 1 ~~..n:lt~ I ! Iil4\.... lat, 4uf.{(ll\\1l 1a4, ~'U\L~, 4\_1" il~_US'4 ~u iillA<i ~", ~. l~. l~a~ ttl" ~"~Q'lL'l "t(l(l ...lh. Mel "\(,(1 au••~I ~&_I ",I".

-i\llr~J 'l-.Et =-t~ 'l~ot 4'_\_;;> &~I~ ~~~ o(l!ll Ulllilit Illq Q. <l~1 ~ll~ "il. ne.." ,~

ill. 'I.'''' ~IU' "l~lot' ~l1r~ ~u ~''''l~''''~ ~'4l\ "'I'"'' 'I''''''

NA'-tE .

ADDRESS .

L. MISTRy.j&1 BREE 8TREET, BURGER8DORP. "'SURePHONE33-4691. SOX 2625. 'e

No. :l7-VOL.-XLVIII. FRIlJAV, 7TH JULY, 1950

FRIDAY. 7TH JULY. 1950

"There Is A Tide In The Affairs Of Men"

c:;r.nbtlln Ql)ptnhm

Apartheid example of which we;ICe being made the victims. Isoit to be a ase of unity andco-operation, or of a scramble forsafety; of eacb for himself, andthe Devil take the leavings?

Are we going to recognise tbefolly of separating ourselves intorival sections and opposing campsand perceive that since, for pur­poses of the Group Areas Act, we:ill belong to the same "c1ass"~

the "Coolie" class-we :Ire all ofus, rich or poor, in the sameboat?

Of course, b:>.lour is an in­tangible possession that cannot beweighed or measured, or given acash value. But it is, neverthe­less, a something that iJ very realand very precious to honourable

our capitalists :lre already planningto turn the general misfo~tune totheir own private prcfit by cn­suring large holdings in thesegregation and lUrning them intorent-pr(!ducing properties. AsGandhi;; had to admit on one ortwo occasions, we, like al1 peoples,have our black shecp, but surelynone quite as black as that! Suchconduct would be suggestive ofhyenas r.lther than of sheep,however black.

Taking sto;;k of the situJlion,it becomes obvious that, m.llerial­Iy cousidered, we acc face to facewith either neJr ruin or complet~

ruin. W!lat thc"!. is left for us '?

\Ve look to India for moralsupport. Is it not up to us toprove th:lt \ve deserve it 1'.

Freedom has always had to bewon; to be earned. Our way-the .,way taught by India's saintlyLiberator-is the hard way 01

suffering and endurance. For us,

Let us also bear in mind thatin a very real sense we are guar­dians of the honour :lnd the goodname of the ancient 1Vlotherlandand of those great souls who arelabouring so self ~acrilicingly torehabilitate India and restore herto her rightful place in theworld's couucils.

Now, a great gener:ll, afterhavlDg been defeJled in a decisiveb:lltle, is repxted to h:lve ex­claimed :-"All is 10 it exceptHonour!" Wh'ch, as w.: s:e it,

. just about expresses the case'with us.

In pas~ing, we should, perhaps,also refer to a particularly uglyrumour .to the effect that some of

Since we who are expressingour views through the medium of men,this paper are not the fortunate And, have we not professed,(or unfortunate) possessors of :lny . throughout this long struggle ofworldly wealth worth mentioning, ours for recogOltlon, th"t \ve wereit may be contended that our fightiog in defence of our honour,opinions cannot be of much real our self-respect and our man­value and should only be advanced hood's status .lnd dignity, evenwith ver}' great diffidence. We more than what Gandhl)i used toventure, however, to remind our refer to as "the loaves a'1d fishes"?readers. be they "big" men or Surely, this more, than any other,"small" men, that rhe sacrifice or is OUr opportunity 'to justify.andthe loss of his all means as much substantiate our claim.to the one:ls to the ()lher. Thesmaller victims are almC's! cert:linto lose their all; the bigger oneswill at least be able 10 salvagesomething from the wreckage.

Are the latter contemplatingthis and clearing ou~? Savingwhat they can and deserting theirship'? Leaving their still moreunfortun;tte brothers and sistersto their fate? We hardly likeeven to think this possible becausesuch conduct is usually given avery ugly name.

trespassers on the white man'spreserves, equally in the matterof trade as in the pr<'perty field.If we insist on remaining in thecountry we have got to existsomehow by what is vulgarlyknown as "taking in each other'swashing." This :lpplies to ourshop. keepers :lnd street traders as",el1 as to our wholesalers andproperty owners.

In such circumstances no greateffort of imagination is necessaryto picture the lot of our peoplewhose vocations place them out­side either of the above cate­gories-the professional and em­ployee classes.

And so, having brieRy reviewedthe position, we come back to theall-import:lDt question of how arewe going to meet it.

Naturally, all eyes are beingturned upon the "big" men ofthe several Provinces to see whatthey intend doing. "The exampleleading men set, the lesJer onesfollow." (The Bhagav.lJ Gita.)What example are they going toset?

II N all me,,'s lives-sometime,sooner or later-a critical

point is reached when they arccaJled upon to make a vital an4all-important decision. Most busi­nessmen have had that experience;many of us know it in respect ofour persoruJ, priv3te lives.' Achoice of ways is then I presentedto us. Our future we!f:lte turnsupon whether we cho~e wisely orunwisely; upon whether we arefar-sighted or short-sighted; uponwhether our estim~te of values issound or unsound; upon our

clC3t judgment and ability to dis- Like our "European" rulerstinguisb between realities and (and critics) we have our propor­:lppearances, substance and sha- tion of wealthy men with con­

dows. siderable property and com-Perhaps the greatest danger, at mercial interests, a still larger

roch critical times, is self.decep. percentage of middle-class traders,uon. The wish is so often father and, of course, a rank and file ofto the thought. comparatively bumble folk en-

That the South African Indian deavouring to earn a livelihood atcommunity is now, immediately, their respective callings. In addi­faced with the gravest crisis in its tion, there are proI~ional ~en,history there can be no doubt doctors, lawyers, teachers, etc.

what:soever. Up till now, we Let the first of tbese' threehave fooled ourselves with the classes at once dismiss any ideanotion thai the threats regarding its members may have entertainedour effacement were too had to that their wealth will obtain forbe true. Now we know better. them immunity or preferentialWe bave either to get out or get treatment from the o~r:ttion ofcompletel» under. the Law. On the contrary, it is

-It is a stunning blow, but the principally against them tbat tbesooner we recover from the shock bate and envy of the protagonistsof it, pull ourselves together, and of Apartheid i$ directed. Thatdecide w~t we are going to do, any non-European should havethe better. any stake of any kind in fixed pro-

What it is planned and intended perty in this land consecrated tothat we should suffer has been white ownership and COnlrol ismade unmistakably clear to us. consid;red absolutely wroilg inwbat we have now to determin~ principle. That he should ex.is what we are going to do. And, ,peet to be permitted to competesince this i." obviously a turning in any field with bis white o';er­point in our history, a very great lord on terms of eqU3lity is .e­deal indeed wiU depend upon garded as nothing sholt of a piecewhether we decide rightly or of insolence.

wrongly. Tbis Government bas made itsThe first and, in our opinion, first and most import:lnt task the

most important, decision to job of putting us all in the placearrive :It is, whether we are it considers we belong, not :as in­going to stand together as:l com- dividuals, but as a c~s. In itsmunityor, ourselves, follow tbe eyes, we· are undesirables and

t9B IN., I A H '0 , I H I 0 H 7th Jafy, 1950

-NOTES

it j, the only way. It succttdedin India because it was followedcon~i"eDtly, persistently, and inthe lrue epirit. It has not,' IiOfar, slII:ceeded in Soutb Africabecause in many cs!Cntiah it haslatked the true spirit.

Well, here is another chance.Our big opportunity to provetbat we are deserving of what wecleim.

U As You Sow, SoShall 'You Reap"

THE Dutban Oity Cnuncil11 has decided to dismiss

non.European Munir:ipalemptoye~s aged 21 and OVfC

with five years or less servicewbo wero absent from wori onJune :16, Protest Dav. Anappeal made, on tho basis of"Christian c;barily:' by distin.guished Europelln cjtiteos ofDurban, 10 desist from takingsuclJ a harsh Itep, has fallen 00

deaf ears. We are deeply ~rate.

fu1, aod we have no doubt weare voicing tbe feelings 01 theentire Iodian community, tothese good friends for pludingfor hundreds of people whohave already been throwo outof jobs and who are about tobothrown out. \Ve very beartilycongratulaJ, the 'Natal Mer.cury' for dealiaK wltb thequestion in its issue of Wedoesday, July 5, 10 B more tealisticway, wbicb sbould Cflrlainly f{0

bome to tbe City Couocil Bndinfluence it to resciad the n­101ution it has unlo ..tunately,unwisely taken. It will nodoubtbe io tbe best intere$lS 01 thecountry to do 80, lor, as the say­ing goes, "As you sow, so sballyou reop," Tbe City Oouncil'saction is based 00 billred aodbatred begets hatred, the coo­lequences of which caooot betoo good lor aoyooe. 1t basbeeo argued wby a Suoday wasnot cboseo for the Protest D .y.Tho reason was because tbeywanted to feel the pioch;to bave the satisfaction ofhaviolt sacrificed B little 00

that dll~ the pursuit allermaterial gainl and to dedicatethe day to God. It mlS hopedthat the European public wouldreadily appreciate aod oat belackiog in their eeose of sympntby for tbis much moredigDi6ed way of expreUiDfr(loe'. outrllged feelings ratherthan the bostile demonstratioosone ie accustomed to seeing. It iswith a profound senle of appre.

dation that we noto that, Clr.cppting lor Ih~ Durban CityCouncil aod certain otb!r firm~,

it bu beea viewed in tbit lillbtby the public geouatly,

But those of us who wererespoosible for c.alliog upoo ourpeople to observe the Day ofProte,t aod Prayer Bgaioit tbebanb Bnd uojust law. passedby tbe preseot Goveromeotshould view the questioo quitedilIerentl)'. We .hould Dot 'for­get tbat tbls was a tbing weourselves bad invited. We deli­berately weat out to seek troubleBod havjng got into it wbatrigbt bave we oow to ay forhelp and upect to get it.ls it cbarity tbat we ar=seeJUog or have we come outto fight fot Truth aDd Jusliceat atl costs?

We bave beeo saying fromtbe very beginoing that we mustDot take any basty step; thatwe mu,t not rouse tbe emotioo.al leeliogs of tbe people; tbatBay step we take we sbould do'so after deep thought Badalter knowiog fuUy all theconsequences aDd acquailltingtbon whom we involve in tbestruggle, thorougly with tbemaod tbat havi:lg taken tbe stepthere can be no r:tra<:ting. Ifwe bave failed in tbis it mustregretfully be said that it sho".Black 01 leadersbip aDd larfrom hailiog tbe IUC<:llSS of tbeProlest Day we sbould bemoaoits failure aod with it our baolr.ruptcy in leadership. 10 tbeprC5ent WilY we sbal1 be doiogmote harm tbaa good to ourcause.

To seek to cal ry on a massstruggle Bnd to talk of 11 lion·European united front, wewould again say, it unwisewhen we are not prepared loeit. We should not seek to leada mass struggle of all the nan'Europeans wben we are Dotable to lead our own commuilily.Tbe fact that we are not ableto lead our o~n <:ommunity isa reflection 00 our leadcnbip.Tbey must blame themselvesfor tbot aDd not olbers. aod tryto remove tbeir OWD . abC/rt.col:!liogs. It is the leaden-whomust make Ihe saai6ce. Thereis some justi6c:atiol1 io theaccusatioll we 80 often bear aI,00 matter with what motive itis madc, tbat we lUll makioBsca~goats of our poorer people,It would indeed appear 10 if tbewcallbier people io Out com.munity IIlld tbose ace:ustomedto tbe comfort. of life rely do

the p(loter se~iioDs to uodergoallibe phy.ical sufferings liS wellat e<:ooomic Jossa while tbeythem.elves are Dot preparedto do the S:lme.

We bave much to leam fromour past history. The historicIlrilre or Indian h,bouren in19B tooJa place spontaoeously,No elaborate propaganda wasneeded to beiog it about, Tbelact that their beloved leaderswere rottinll in prison was !luffi.cieot for the people to etop workaDd tbe autborities bad to pre­'Vail Upon the leaders to penuadethe people at le:ut not to dis­turb tbe essential services. Thistbe Jtadcr1 "miDgly did andtbe people as williogly obeyed.That it the sort 01 leader.hip ofcharacter tbat is required to~

day, whicb, we venture to sag­gest, we are lacking.

We, wbo ptofess to foUow thepriociples of Passi,e Resistance,either do not koow wbat thoseprinciples are, or, we are nothonest to ounelves or to tb,)people or to the Governmentagainst whom our fight is

Dr. Moroka On Protest Day

The noo·Europeans were s.atis­fied with tbe suo;css of the ProtestDayan JUDe 26, Dr. J. S. MorOD,PresideDt of tbe African NatioDOLlCoogress, $.lid in a st2temeot ex·pressiog tbanks ro tbose wbo tookpart. He said tbe "Governmentmachioery of intimidatioo" causedm:lny who had inlended takingp:lrt to ch:uJge their minds."People who had intended ukingpart were tbrutened with the lossof their jobs, 3Dd Natives inaUlhority sided witb tbe Govem­menl in hs stratagem of intiinida­tioo. Wh:ltever bad heeD said tothe coDtrn)t, tbey werc 5.1w6edwitb tbe success of the ProrestDay, and tbey bad SbOWD SouthAfrica :lod tbe rest of rbe worldwh:lt they could do if they stoodunited in a just Cluse. The Steptbey b:ld uken w;1.$ taken only;l[ttr :lil otber avenues of prolestb:ld beeo fruitlessly explored. ItWo1S the ooly bnguage tb:lt tbeytbougbt tbe Gontnment coulduodersu.nd. Our respect for uw3Dd order is not something we:put 00 on ocasic)Ds. It is p:lrtlIIld pared of out natu:c. It js.the theme of :lit those, evcn (romabroad, wbo b:lve 3Dytbing to 53yobout us. But thete Cln be DObwlessness where the uws aresucb tb:lt they Clnnot be obeyed.All of us-tOVml of justice 2ndfOlir pby-w!U $bnd together more

directed, There is nO rOOm fa,untruth, hypocricy or hatred ioPassive Ilesi.taDce, Ate welure that tbese art' completelyor to any appreciable ntentabseot lrom witl1iu us 7 WecaDnot truthfully deny that wegive way to them" perhapt, aUtoo ofteo, io Out activities. Itrequires constat:t waIreful4cssaDd II constllot .earch of heart.Tbat is the only way to moralre.armameDt lIod to regain tbeForgotten Facten iu our lives,i.e, God, whicb was Dever 110

badly aeeded as today for ourrigbt guidance in our mOltdifficult 'truggl~ lar Troth,Justice and real Pea('t', Un_employment and material lcmessbould Dot be Out coocem. Ouzreal concern sboald be whether~e Bre prepared to be braadedas aD inferior race because of(lut colour and to remain asslaves, as is proposed by theGovemment's Apartheid policy,or whether we are prepared tostake our lives for humao hee­dorn which is tbe birthright ofevery bumll4 .oul.

solidly in the futW'C than we havedone 00 this o=ion:'

Natal Chamber Of IndustriesMr, T, F. PepperconJ. presi­

dent of tbe N,ual Cb.1mber ofL:dustriC3, sDted in a Press in­terview that tbe City Cou.ocil'sdecision to dismiss cerbin Indi2Demployees who b.1d stlyed a'R:Iyon Protest D3Y, h3d been dj,.

cussed by members of bis Cb.1.m­ber, wbo deplored the r:zc:ial biDdi!played by m3ny of the COWl'-dUoes. "Some of us felt strongly,"he S3id, "tlut tbe ColUlcil h3d~cted too h.:I.rsbly, 2nd lhat theywould 'oat have dued to do so iflibropC3tl worken Iud been con.<:emed."

Preparatlon.s For PilotRegistration Relister

The Office of Census 2ndSbtistic::s has begun to send out:some 50,000 to 60,000 {arms tocivil SefV3llt5 for thc CQmpiLItion-o,f ~ pilot popubtio~ register, pre.1ilD1Jl3Jy to the CQJ!lpibtioo of .aIl.:Iti~lIal register. The object ofthe trial registration is to give the-oflich1s some experience of the'Xhente before the rcgistt.:ltiont:1kes place. 10 terms of thePopubtioD Registr:lliOlJ Ace theinformation rrquired for' the'POpulatioo register ~il1 be bleen"from census -{orms Ilcxt ycu••"I"he five.ye:uly cemus is due to

7th July, IPSO INBIAN OPINION 193

H GANDHI MEMORIAL PEACE NUMBER"

measures which will change thewbole fabric of this country washighly essenti:ll and would havebeen most interesting aocl thilt heshould be quite well again justwheo the trumpets of a thirdworld war have begun to beat. Agreat warrior that be is, it ;sperb:lps tbat spirit that has work·ed the miracle. May he be longspared is our siocere wish andprayer.

World Youth CondemnsGroup Are s Bill

The World Federation of De­mocratic Youth representing "sixtymillion youth of the world" hascondemned the Group Arcas Bill.In a cable to the South AfricanIndian Congress the Federationstates~ "We have protested strong·ly to the United Nations Organi.sation and to the Government ofDr. Malan against the Bill whichaims at outlawing democraticorganisations and the Group AreasBill. We appeal to all SouthAfrican democratic youth irre­spective of racial or politicalaffiliation for united action againstthese fascist measu~es'"

CITY COUNCIL AND THE INDIANS

NEW BOOKSJust Arrived frllm India

Non-Violence fn Peace AndWar (Part II)

-by M. K. Gandhi 12/6

Pilgrimage To Peace-by Pyarelal p/6

Slray Glimpses Of Bapu. -by Kaka Kalelkdr 5/-

To be had from:-

The Manager,

INDIAN OPINION,Pboenh:, N.llaJ.

a new City Council at the nextelection I It is this readinessof public leaders to forsakeprinciple for expediency, tomake fish of ODe aDd nesh ofBnother Rro1up of people that istbe cause of so much ot theracial unrest in this couotry.Apart alto,;(etber from tbe factIha t tbe CouDcil is deliberatelyc.reating an army of worklesswhich tbe commuoity will ulti­mately'have to Hlpport, DO at·tempt is made to limit tbeheaviest sanctions ooly Bltainstthose primarily respoosible forthe ~toppage of \1loork. Insteadnotices of dismissal are to beserved indiscriminately on tbejunior memhers of the noo.European staff wbo did Dotwork on JUDe 26 notwithstau;!­ing some genuine fears of In_timidatioB and reprisals. Surely,as punishment is considerednecessary, the position couldbave beeo satisfactorily met by

merely depriviog all non.Euro.pean absentees of (lne day's pay?The City Council has laid Itsd!opeu to tbt; repr03ch tbat it b~s

acted ou tbis occasion with aharsbness not ia keeping withtbC'l best traditions of r;,vl<:

govt'mment in Durban.

penple, and do not care to assistthem at all. But what am I 10

do'? You help us in our days ofneed. How can we .Iay l1Jndr,upon you? I often wish youtook to violence hke the Englishstrikers, and then ~ve would knowat once how 10 dispose of you.But you will not injure eventhe enemy. You desire victorythrough self.suffering alone andnever transgress your self-imposedlimits of courtesy and chivalry.And that is what reduces us tosheer helplessness."

'Tbe Natal Mercury' in itsissue of Wednesday July' I),

writes:

0 1'\ Monday the Durban OityCouncil decided to dis.

miss non European municipalemployees aged 21 and overfive years or less service whowere absent from worl.: 00

"protest day." Because themajority of those who rermedto leave their quarters on Jur.e2& were Indians, Oouocilln salso agreed to inau/:urate apolicy of replacin~ Asiatir:workers who terminate th~ir

services by Native workers. Noone will deny tbe right of theCity Council to take discipliuaryaction to p~event the disruptioDor essential services or to EnSuretbat its authority is respectedby its st'rvants. No ooubt, too,tbe Council will receive sub.stantial support among Whitepublic opinion for a decisionwhich its members will seel.l tojustify on the grounds that it isnecessary to prevent Durban, astbe Mayor put it. from bein."dominated by Indian in·f!ueoce." If such a threat docsimmediately - exist, then tbeattitude of Ooullcillors is, atleast, understandable. Obvious­ly the Council is entitled to en­force a ban on political 9gita'tion among its staff durinc:working hours. But, if it does60, it should ensme that Iherule is applied Jrenerally BnrfDot sectionally. To test theirgood faith Bnd impartiality inthis matter, CouDcillors should'lslll tbemselves a simple ques.tioo. Whal, for iostatlce, wouldbe their reaction if tbe Euro.pean MUf]icipal employees, iospite of a prior warning againstparticipation, nevertbeless join­ed most of the other Whitecitizens of Durban in a "day ofprolesl" against a possible Na.tionalist attempt to sabotagethe Constitution? This mighteasily bappen. Would they also"sack" nil White employees with'less than five ye.lIs' service? Ifthey did, which is most unlikely,there would almost certainly be

against the Union Governmentsrefusal to repeal the £3 tax aspromised, he held up the marchwhen the Government became in­volved in a wide-spread railway­men's strike. The effect of thison the mind of General Smutswas to open the way to directnegotiations between the two men,the resultant settlement of theseven years' old struggle."

The General's attitude wasreltected in his secretary's st3te­ment, when negotiations were re­sumed. "I do not iike your

thought and action in India andabroad. I feel it is a public:ltionworthy of tbe name it commem­orates and of the institution itrepresents and will be a valuablecontribution to the cause of peacein this generation. I commend itto all thoughtful minds in theworld today:'

The volume contains 336 pagesof rich reading material inter­persed with selected hymns andpoems of Tagore which wer~

nearest to Gandhiji's heart, andportraits of Gandhiji and otberintereSting pictures. I

We are tempted to quote one ortwo passages from a contributionfrom Mr. H. S. L. Polak, on"Satyagraha and Its Origin InSoutb Africa." They 3re bothinteresting and instructive to thepresent leaders in conductingtheir struggle. Mr. Polak writes:"Extept where the masses weredirectly concerned, 3$ in the caseof £3 tax, and they -could beassured of effective and disciplinedleadership, he (Gandhiji) refusedto countenance mass agitation,limiting the activity 'to the indi­vidual Satyagraha of chosen fol­lowers and well·tried associates."

Mr. Polak further states:" ..... .He (Mr. Gandhi) refused

to be persuaded to launch a newcampaign at a time when theopponent was embarrassed byother critical commitments, :IS

when, having announced the re­sumption of the march and Iherevival of tbe slIuggle to takeplace OD January 1914, in protest

OANDI11 MIl'IORIAl. Pr.ACI: NU'IB&R­

(By V,sva Dh.ral1 Qu.nrterl)·. S.ntini.ket.a. Dolepu.r, Den!:.1 Jndi.. PriceIts. 10.)

THIS Number ranks among thebest Gandhi Memorial Num­

bers so br published. In a ·fore·ward' to tbe Number, Dr. RajendraPrasad, President of the IndianRepublic writes:

"Mahatma Gandhi stood fureternal principle - Satya andAhimsll. I He practised them inhis own life and his own actionswere prompted by these faiths.He brought them to bear upon aUhuman problems and wantedsociety to be fashioned accordingto these principles. And he madetbe supreme sacrifice in suchendeavours. We cannot any morehave his guidance so far as his'physical presence is concerned,but his message remains and it isnow our responsibility to spreadand perPetuate it, so that it maypermt:lte aU our activities.. Thepath followed by Gandhiji is tbeone that can It:ld to lasting peaceand ensure bappiness for mankindand any attempt to propagate hisideals is always welcome and ofgreat value. Work has alreadybeen taken in hand in tbis direc­tion and...... foremost among suchmaterial is the Gandhi Numberof tbe Visva Bbarati Quarterly.•••.~.In addition to tributes to theper..'On and work of the Mahatmait contains a large and varied col·lections of :articles devoted to theproblems of peace. Among thecontributors are many leaders of

lake place next May when therewill probably also be a census ofthe Native popubtion. Civil ser­vants and mem~ersof the salariedstaff of the South African Rail­ways have been se,1ected for tbe"Pilot" scheme. The Pilot Na·tional Register Will include pub·lic servants and their families andservants, but not natives. It wiltinclude every While, Asiatic andColoured person fully employed inthe Government service. Elevenquestions are asked on the familyenumeration form. They :Ire:name, sel', date of birth, age (inyears and months), marital state,birth-place, date of arrival in theUnion if not South African born,present nationality or citizenshipand usual place of residence.

General Smuts Well AgainThe latest news about General

Smuts's health is tbat he is abosolutely grand. We have nodoubt the news will be receivedwith a sigh of relief by tbe wholecountry. It seems ironical thathe should have faUen illso seriously just when hiscontribution in the debate on

200 INDIAN OPINION 7th July, 'DSO

Referring to r:venU of ProtestDay, tbe Society stated: "Oursecretary weDt to a Municipaloffici," ;11 the' Mag.n.ine Bunc1sto offer him (C.operation in en­coungiog tbe workers to go towork. Before be had time comake :ItIY suggestions tbe offic::i.aldemanded he leave the lmracb.He gave the secretary no time' toexpbin. The poUce wen seotfor and tbe secretary was takeD tothe Somtseu Road police station.

"This most 'unfortunate inci·deDt brought a cert3in amount oftension and our Society maintairuthat were it not for this unjustifiedattitude: practically every ODe oftte worke:t3 at the Maga:.ineBarracks would ~ve gone toworko"

The Society had asked that the:City Counallo defer i15 dec:isioaand to grant all interview to IheSociety's reprc:seDtatives.

Serious UnemploymentAmong Indian,

Unemploymeot among Indiam,which is already serious will beaggravated by tbe City Couaci1'.decision, says the 'Natal DailyNews.'

There are now about 2,000 UD­employed Indians on the boobof the Divisional lDspeetor ofLabour, Durb.n. Mmy Indians,however, do Dot. register wbenthey lose their jobs. The un­official CC1tim3te of unemployed inDurbac a100e IS 8,000.

Nut month's unemploymentfigures for Indi:Jas will be the:highcst on record, foc besides theCity Council at least ~ bigDu.rbac £inns dismissed their Pro­tcst Day .:Ibsentecs. A Rossburgbfinn dism.issc:d 75; :a Jacobs firm150; and another Jacobs finn 20.

In considering whether N.tivebOOur :should be substituted forIndian, tbe Durbao City Councilis following:l trend that Jus be­come increa.singly evident .since:the w:tr, Records show thatsevef31 big industries that used todepend 011 Indian bbour :U1d werebeing. h.1mpered by strikes anddisputes, took the course: ofswitching to Nati,.c 1.:IOOul' eitherin one sweep, or gr;lduaJ.ly.

A Dudun bbourc consuJtanttold.:l 'N;I.u! Daily NCW5' repre.sentative that Durbac employerswere figbting shy of tlking onlarge numbers nf IndDns heClU.5ethe Indians wc::re: becoming in­volved witb IIgicnioQ tJut had=':/in~:'do witb tbeir worlriDg

The passive re:sfstOiOte move­ment of 19016 and the n:c:mt Pro­ttst DIIY strike were c:x:amples..Men wbo took put in tbtse de­monstr:tuoDS b:ld grie:V311ces thatno pay.raiso or improvements in'working conditions could ctlfe.

More roponsible Indian Icadet'Slire perturbed :It the pro.spl:« of aluge army of Indi:lD unemploy­abIes bcing Cleated in Duebau.

1ndi:Ln employee.!l who myc:daw:ry from work on Pwte.!lt Day:should be dismissed. The Societyadds t~t the·Municipal offid:ll's.ttitude rtlullc:d in the Society'ssecretary being taken to th.t:Somtseu RoJd pollce station.

The Society said they did Dotencour:lge any employe.e Ito ltayaw:ry from work and the secn:t:ItY:1S.SlJrcd workers on the Sunlbybelo.re Protest D:ry tblt adequ:ltt:protectioo would be give.n. .

They ~d Indi:to!t were wi1lingto go 10 work and disregardedpolitiQI propagand:r, but tbost:employed in the cleansing sectionfeared for their lives beC3use theyworked in the: open street. andhad ~een threatened.

The following letter signed by distinguished Europeaccilium of Durb3n appeared io 'The Natal Mercury,' on MODcUY,July 3:-SJR,-It has been reported th.:at the Durban City Council and

a few olb~r employers of non.European 1.:IOOur :Ire consideringIhe dismissal of some of those employees wbo 3bseDted tbem­selves from work 00 JUDe 26, the day of mournillg lind prayer.Unfortunately, some employel'8 have already taken this step.

We would point out that the action takeD on that day wasnot intended as a strike directed against tbe employe.r:s but as aday of protest against legislation in the making of wbicb the: non­Euro~ns have no voice.

Whatever one's vieWll as to the: right or wroog of the: actiontaken by the non·Europeans bst Monday, we feci that to deprivea man of his means of livelibood, acd, in many cases, his bomeas weJl, would be a drastie measure: which would not be in con­formity with Christian cb:mry,

We urge employers eo recoruider the 1II.lIter as we. feel thatclemency on this occasion would Dot omy contncute much to­wards harmony between employers and tbose dependent uponthem for lheu subsistence, but would mo case racU.I teosion.

, DB. MABIl:I. PALHJ!lR; T, J. V.INIfAlf, ArohdeaCQo otDorban; M. A. FANNIN. B.A.; PROF, HDSJ POr.L.lX;DR. B. Y. NAnBETR; HUlU'JrRBY JONES; R.A.nrONDARDE; REV. W. R. EVANS; PROl', J. D. KREGE; E. P.RSIH. B.A.; Rav, A. J. WBSTERN; 8. 1I. WADLBY;V, HUNKIN, M,A.; PROF. R. J, RANDALL; A. V.EVANS; F, M. MACDoNAW, M.A.l MARJORIE FLEM­ING; REV. W. WARHINOTON; E. P. RRIlI, MoSc.; DR.T. W. RANDALL.

AN APPEAL THAT FELL ON DEAF EARS

kept Indians away from work.Even at 8.30 wben the town wa.sflooded with police they rdusedto Co, Our offici315 b:ave to main.­.uin'disciplinc, and we have tosupport tbcir recomme.nlbtionstbat certain employecs must bedismissed," ,

CounciUor A. S. Robinsonwanted all the Indians who werenbsent to be sacked. "ProtectioDw:IS given, but tbey did ,not wantto work even wben tbey Wereukcn to their jobs. The Native.!l'attitude I sum up in a Zuluphrase, which tr:lnslated means:'The Indian tried to deceive us.he wanted to make us the go:rl forthe abattoir" "-Natal Mercury,'

VICTIM SAllON, OF PROTEST DAY ABSENTEESMAYOR TAKES UP HOSTILE ATTITUDE

Councillor E. Leighton Bbek Employees' Societywanted the question rdemd back Blamed Municipal Officialbeouse it singled out only one DurbaD City Council lDdimgroup for dismissal. "It is. only employees were nat inlluenud bylogical that an employee with a politiol propaganda. The absencefew y~ars' service will follow the from work of some on Protestlcad of :I worker who bas. been D:lY, June 26, was due to theemployed many years. It I!I the non-eo.operative and unreason­long-service employees whose able attitude of a Municipal offi­crime is the .worse, . We mlClt ciaI, according to the Durbantake strong aCllon, but It must be Indian Municipal Employeesabove reproach," he said. Society.

At two o'clock on Protest Day This is tbe reply of tbe Society,morning, Councillor R. A. ClIrte whicb represents 2,400 Indianwas touring the Durban areca. "It workers, to tbe Town Clerk on.was quiet," he said. "1 OOllot tbe Pinacce Committee's recom­believe that fear and intimidation mendatioD that a cutain group of

UI WILL not let DU~ban .bedominaled by Indian In­

flueocu," This forceful slatementon Ihe Durb3n City Council'spolicy W3!l made by the Mayor,Councillor Ken Clarke, eluringlast Monday's Council meeting,when it WOl$ decided to dismisscertain Indian employees whowere nbsent on Protest Day, June26. "I have read :l report fromIndia that Jndialls are endeavour­ing 10 conlrol the Easlern sea­bcud of Afrie:l, :lad I onnOl helpfeeling tbat Durban is included asp.. rt of :I long-t~rm plan," hesaid.

"It is unfortunale that someinnocent people, oDI~, pawns inthe game, must suffer.

The Council's decision munstbat non·European unployecs'aged 21 and over 'with live yearsor less service who were :lbsenton Prolest Day will be ,dismissed. I

All other employees who WCleabsent, are to receive a severereprimand nnd lose a day's pay.

BeClluse the majority of Nativeemployees came to work, theCouncil also adopled the policythat when Indians terminatetbeir services, they are to be re­placed by NOltives.

Councillors expressed strongviews on the part taken by Indianemployees on Protest D3y. Itwas Mrs. A. 'M. G. M;aytom, theDeputy M:lyor, who suggested themaller should be referred bOlCk,She said :l certain amount ofintimidation had taken p1.:lce.

"Stem measures must be taken,but dismiss:J1 would be nnjust.Sucb :l punishment would inflictgreat hardship on many people,"she said.

Councillor M. Spanier M;arsonsaid: "The Durbao City Council,:IS one of the largest employersof labour, must tre:lt this m:lllervery seriously. 1£ a national d:lYof pl'3yer W3S necessary, what W:lSwrong with 3 Sunday. CeruinessentW services were brought to.:I standstill.

"Indi.:an employecs must haveknown wbat they were doing.They \Yere sure of 100 per ceot.police protection, bUI they listeoedto their potiliClllleaders :lnd stayedhome. We must make :I firmstand and let them know we :IremaSIClS in our own bome,"

"The secretary of Ihe IndianMuoicipal Associ:1tion tries tob1:lme a Municipal official forIndians not working," CouncillorJ. Johnston s:Jid. "This is entirelycontrary to wbt happened. Wemust support our departmenulheada. This is Dn endevour tomake the European communitytoe the line :Ind I 3m not prepared10 .13nd for it,"

I I

7th July, 1950 IN.IAN OPINION 20t

1950 PARLIAMENTARY SESSIONAS REVIEWED BY ALEX HEPPLE 'LABOUR M.P.

FOR kOSETTENVILLE

former, poison.pen writer, andthe favour-seeker have arrived.Tbese and otber accessories ofdespotic government will nowusurp tbe offices of the h"nest,the diligent alld the just.

Against this background theParliamentary Session of 1950 hasbeen unable to de31 witb theproblem of the steadily risingcost of living and other bread­:lnd butter issues. Considerationof rhe worsening economic situa­tion has been thrus: aside inorder to S3tisfy the emotionaldemands of the vote-catchingNationaLists.

Human Rights before each ses_sion a oon-conlideotial list con­taining a brief indication of thesubstance of each communicationbowever addressed, which dealswith the principles involved inthe promotion of universal res­pect for and observ3nce ofhumaorights 3nd (0 divulge the identityof the authors of such communi­cations unless "they indicate thatthey wish tbeir names to remainconfidentials;

"Cb) To compile before eachsession of the Commission 3 con­fidential list containing :I briefindication of the substance of

I other co~muniC3tions concerninghuman rights, however 3ddressed,3nd to furnish rhls list ro memobers of tbe .Commission, inprivate meeting, \~ith"ut divulg­ing the identity of the authors ofcommunications except in C.1seswhere tbe authors state that theyalready divulged or intend todivulge their namrs or that theyhave DO objection to their namesbeing divulged;

"Cc) To enable tbe members ofthe Commission, upon request,to consult the originals of com.munications de11ing \vith theprinciples involved in the promo·tion of univerS31 respect. for 3nJobservance of human rights;

"Cd) To inform the writers ofall communications concerninghuro3D rights, however addressed,that their communications h~v~been received lind duly noted forconsideration in accordance withthe procedurr laid down by th:Uoited Nations. Where neces­sary, the S<cretary-General shouldindicate tlut the Commission hasno power to take any action inregard to any complaint concern­ing -human rights,

"Ce) In thl': future, to furnisheach member State concernedwith a copy of any communica.tion concerning human rightswhich tefers explicitly to thatState or 10 territories under itsjurisdiction, without divulgingthe idet;'tity of the author, except:~~:~~;ded for ill pragr:lph Cb)

THE South African Indian Con-gress has been informed by

the Division of Human Rights ofthe United Nations tbat theSouth African Indian Congresscable that was addressed to theSecretary-General of UNO onthe introducti.:ln of the GroupAreas Bill "will be inserted in thelist of communications which willbe submitted to the C~mmissionon Human Rights."

The South African Indian Con·gress cable afler referriog to tbedebates in the United Nations onthe trearinent of Indians in SouthAfrica maintained that the GroupAreas Bill and the laws affectingthe South African Indian peoplewere violating the provisions Ofthe International Declaration ofHuman Rights.

The letter from the,Division ofHuman Rigbts addressed to thePresident of the South AfncanIndian Co.ngress reads;-

"I am directed by the Directorof the Division of Human Rightsto acknowledge the receipt ofyour telegram of 25th April, 1950:addressed to the Secretary­General, concerning the GroupAreas Bill.

"A summ:ary of your telegramwill be inserted in tbe list ofcommunications which will besubmitted to the Commission onHuman Rigbts, in accordancewitb resolution 75 (V) of tbeEconomic and Social Council, :asamended, a copy of which is en·closed for your information.

"In :accordance witb paragraphCe) of resolution 75 (V) as amend­ed, a copy of your telegram willbe furnished to the Govemroentof the Union of South Africa,"

The resolution referred to inthe letter reads ;-uThe Economicand Social Council approves thestatement that 'the Commissionon Human Riglits, recognisesthat it has no power to take anyaction in regard to 3ny complaintsconceroing human rights';

"Ca) To compile and distributeto members of the Commission 9n

HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION SUPPORTSS.A. . INDIANS .

day and night" in order to makeinvestigations. One of the virtueso'f democracy has been the S3nc­tity of the homr, which could beentered by Jhe police only inpursuit of law.bre:akers or upon awarrant. Now 3 false and mali­cious report can bring' policemenand inspectors to rouse p'eacefulhomes in the cold sm3" hours oftbe nigbt.

All these Acts contain d3nger­nus powers tbat will brmll un·h:lppiness and sorrow to - manybomes. They will frighten even

,the respectable 3nd law-abidingcitizen. The heyday of the in-

Suppression Of Com­munism

The suppression of Comroun·ism Act is very much changedfrom the original Unlawful Or­ganisations Bill, whicb truly re­vealed the Covernment's deter­mined bid for permanent politicalp3wer. Even the law, as DOWenacted, provides a weapon whichwould be dangerous in the bandsof any governmeQt. Every mem­ber of Parliament 'is now 3member only during tbe Minis­ter's pleasure. The fact thatmerobers have been elected by adem:lCtatic majority of votersnow ClIunts (or nothing. If theMinister decides to blacklist amember by naming him a Com­munist or sympathiser or dHend­l:r of Communism, even theSelect Committee cannot savehim "fro~ political destruction.Thus can the Nationalist Partyhold tbe power to veto the cboiceof tbe electorate. Worse still,th"s Act severely curbs the ruleof law and prevents individualsand 'organisation from tbe normalprotection of tbe Courts if tbeyare wrongly blacklisted.,

The Group Areas Act 3ims 3tthe soci31 and residential separa­tion of the varinus racial groups.It has been enacted before :Iproper survey bas been taken oftbe thousands of communitiesthroughout the Union and with­out consideration of the provisionof housing for displaced persons.In cong~ted urban areas it ...iIIbe possible to order large groupsof persons to leave one 3rea foranother without providing 3lter­native accommodation for them.Where Native townships in theheart of European areas are to beremoved, thousands of goodhomes thus vacated will have tobe demolished, for Europeanswill refuse to nccupy these houses.The host of problems created tiytbis law suggests that no realeffort will be made to 3pply it tothe full. Has it been passedmerely to deal with a few isolatedcases 'of penetration by non­Europeans in European areas - orto provide additional propagandafor the Nationalist Party?

Population Registratio'nThe Population Registr.1tion

Bill does more .tbao establish anational register of <11\ inbabltantSin the Union. It also m:akes itcompulsory for everyone to curyan Identiry Card. This burdenstbe couotry with enormous ex­peose and imposes consider.1bleinconvenience and indigoity upon Despotic Powerscnryone. Ir has yet to be seen •whether it will be possible to-' I have quoted brieRy theseregister and number every person three measures to show how poli­io the Union. The problem of tical opportunisro has carried withphotograpbing and issuing Iden- it tbe vesting of despotic powerst;ty Cards to the Native popula- in the h:ands of the Government.tion, especially in the rur31 ateas, Besides these, there is inclusionhas yet to b,e met. It is a ta;sk hi many of our lo1WS of tbe powerthat may take many years and 119 to officers and inspectors "tocost may exceed even the most enter witnout previClUs notice anyextravagant _estimates, premises at any time during the

With courtesy to the I NawMercury' we reproduce the fol­lowing ponion dealing with tbework done by the 1950 senionof the Union Parliament" fromthe ;mide by Mr. Alex. Hepple,Labour M.P., appe;aring in theissue of Monday, July 3:

THERE are many members ofthe Nationalist Pany who

would be shocked at any sugges­tion that the present Governmentis doing things which will even­tually result in the destruction ofdemocracy in the Union. Never­thel~ the fac!S are tbere for allto see. Prompted in the firstplace hy a desire to retain poli­tical power for all time, the Na­tionalist Party places opponunismabove statesmanship. iThat isillustrated by the type a legisla­tion ...bich has been gihn pre­cedence during the short time

'they have held the reins ofgovernment, Such measures asthe Imrooulity Arocndroent Act,the Population Registration Act,the Group Areas Act and tbeSuppression of Comrounisro Act,provide the basis of powerfulpolitical propaganda. Their fun­damentals are not widely opposed

. by any of the politic:U parties,but to the Nationalist P.uty tbeyare steps towards the destructionof all their political opponents.The Nationalists believe that thedebates on tbese measures havebeen weU worth whilc, and thatthe skilful use of Hansard willprovide excellent ammunition fortbeir propagandists. But thesemeasures mean more than that toSoutb Africa. They mean anadvance towards tbe disciplinedChristian-Nationalist State, whereindependent minds will be inchains and political opponentswill be traitors. It will be Uti·natural to disagree and crimioalto criticise.

102 OPIHION 71h July, 1950

FURTHER DETAILS ABOUT PROPOSED R.T.C.

fAn AFRICAN AIRWAYSNSICYLIONS" fly diAd­1\0f-th to N.;'ob; ta C:QftfllKt

with AI,. Indi. ''''.rnatiDIt.Ar•.. Coru'.U.'ion.... •

::~:~.(,::# D~~6.=r~_1 ~i:; .Age,,' .. $o"th AFrica" Airw.y••Or .~! IAT.".. Ag.~t.

Fly ,,,_ ''''00'''caolfcr' ,.••,. .0"''''

picture of the human race in i"final development, . •

IUce then is parr of God's~reatiOll, is according fa His "ill,is good. But raci.1lism is of tbedevil. That seem~ to me (0 sumup the whole flUller.-'Race Reb­tio~:

"lhe passage of the Group Area'Bill has caused widespreadpublic resentment in India andamong Soulb Africao Dati~als

of Indtan ori.10 io the UOt01l_"Had .tbe Union Governmellt

acceded to tbe GO'YCl1ImeDt ofIodi.', request to postpone tbeDew Bnti-Asiao Iegidatioo untilalter tbe round table ecoleT.ence, Dot only would publicfeeJiDg io India bave beeD morehopeful of tbe outcome of tbeconference, but cODsideratiooby the Uoion Government', Ie.prereDtativn of tbe proposalsof the GoveruiDeot of Jndia torremoving, ioste:ld of tigbteniot,restrictions 00 tbe oationals oflodia nDd Pakistan would havebeen ellsler.

"As the Government of Iodia.pointed out io previaos conts_pondence, the new legislatioois a clear indication of tbeUoioD Government's decisioo toadben to its declared I=olicy ofapartbeid.

"In tbe circumstances, \.he~overnment of India mlliotaiuits contention tbat tbe proposedround table cooference. if nOwheld, will be ooe sided. Itfeels constrained to reaflirmthat no useful purpose Wouldbe served by ils participationin it,',

pletc loss of a racial type, if it

were to occur, as opposed to thedevelopmcot of that type, would

be a rulloss. There should bemany members in One Body, andit seems to me tbat Joseph's coat

of many colours is tbe right

FULLER detAils of the IndianGovernment's latest com.

munication to Pretoria, re­affirmiog its decision Dot to takepart in the rouod ta~te ta~b,

were given by the rndlan HlgbCommissiOner's Office in LoodoD,

Tbe Soutb Africao Gonrllmentsaid tbat tbe Group Areas Billwas mentioned in the Speechfrom tbe Throne on January 20,

which was reported in all im­portant local newspapers.

But tbe Indian Governmentsa,s tbat attention Wll5 Dotdrl\wn (0 the Speech. Theretoreit does (oot accept the conteo.tion that it bad prior Ibnowledgeof the intentioD to introducetbe Bill.

Details of India's latest NoleRho show that the UnioDGoveftltnent bad suggested tbata rouod table coolcreoce ,bouldbe held betweeo Seplemb~r%5nnd Nnvember ts. The UnionGovernment did Dot ezpect theprovisioos of the Group' Ar~sBill to come into operatIonbelore December.

Replying to cert. in poi~ts

put forward by th~ UDllIOGoverumt!Dt, tbe Jndull. Gov­eromool in its most recentlehgra~ to fretona, said:

ARCHBISHOP ON CHRISTIANITYAND RACE

..'

In the coulse of ;10 I~ddres, on other races seenu to me to be u~·

Christi~nilY :lnd Race in C2pe- Cl,risti:ln. Remember wh~t Christtown, recently, Ihe Ment Rev. the said about people who n.-aueredArchbishop of c;.,pelown said: themselves th~t Ablaham wu their

father. To say that the race toCAN w( find in the teaching of which one belong!! must alwa~s

Chrini.lDity ;lDylhing that gives be dominant over another race IS

us positive teaching :lbout race? un-Christian. To say that :I man,We h:lve seen lh.lt :lccording to because of the r.lCC to which hethe Bible taken :IS a whole Chris- belongs, must always be In a sub­tianity takes nO :lceount of:l ordin:Jte position, is also un­man's r.lce. If he is a Christian Christian. It docs not followhe is a member of God's family that it is un.Christian to say thatand and a brother of all other :I parlicular person ought not toChrislians. If he is not a Chris· be placed in a position of rupon­tian from the point of view of sibility. He may be unfil for it,the' Christian Church he is a But to say that because of tbepotenti.ll Christian-a brother for race to wbich he belongs he canwhom Christ died. lit h.lS been never be placed io a positroD ofIcCt to professed Christians in t~is responsibility, however fit he l'IUy

-couotry to use the word whlcb be for it, seelmi.to me to be un­describes one who truts another Christian. For Christiaoity, as Iman :IS :I brother as a lerm of said at the beginning, is not in­contempt. J should like to hear terested in a m:1l1'5 race. It isSt. P.lul's comment on that and I interested in the man himself. Itdo not thlllk it is difficult to is not a nation or 01 uce th:lt isimaginc ChriSl's commcnt on it. important in the sight of God. It

Does' Christianity S.lY that all Is the individuls wbo belong to it:men :lrc equal; and thar :111 rae:~s and they are all different.are equal? I think we must Lastly, I du not think it followsdefine our lerms. What do we from the teaching of Christi.-anitymean by equality? Clearly one that what we h:av~ to aim at is aman is ablcr than :lDblher. Ooe geaer31 am.llgamatiol'l of ra~,m~n is more: educ;lled than aa- by which all men mOlY grow :llike,other. On \ m.ln 'is CJpable of :md racial characteristics dis­doing thing\ that :lnother m1n :appear. The glory and tbe honourcan nor do. I am quitellDCJpable of Ihe D.-ations 3re to be broughtof learning 10 play or really to into the Holy City. Tb3t mT.lnS:lpp,eciate :IllY musical instrum!nt. that each r:Jce :lnd each nationThe late Archbishop was very shall make its own contributionmuslol. In Ihat respect we :lre 10 the One Body, as in a familynOI cqual. I do not .believe Ihat each member of the family hasthere is .lny evidence th.lt one his own cbaracteristics lind hisr:ace is c:lpable of rising to greater own contribution to nuke. Butheights either intcllectU:Jlly or th:at does not me:\D that thespiritually than another. But th.lt c:ha1:Jcteristics of a race shouldis :I matter of evidence. I do Dot not change. Some of them :lICthink that ChristiaTtity has :lny. due to environment and circ­thlDg to s.1y :lbout it. But wh:Jt umstanc:es. And crrcumsr:locesChristianity does te.lch is that all change. It s~ems to me monstro~men arc equally important in the to say Ih.lt :l parlicubr raCe issight of God. A good Father ' spoilt if it enters into :l new en­does not b3ve f:lvourites. Further, vironment. In a family it is oftenChrist spe:lks very sternly of those true tbat children :Ire more aurac­wbo. despise other men. Con- tive than adolescents and some­tempt for others is from His times adolescents :Ire more Ol'tuc­point of view one of tbe worst tive th:an adults. And it is asins. Further, tbe doctrine of rempt:llion- to parenls to resentcrution implies that all the gifts their childreJ1 growiQS up :lDdand potentialities of men are ~iven losing their ende.lring w:lY3. Dutby God. "What holst thou rhat it is a tempt:ltion rb~t bas ro bethou didst not receive 1" And resisted. The children must growwe h.lve no kibd of right to deny up :lnd as tbey grow up they ,do'0 others wh~t we claim for our· not lose their sever:JI cbar.lcterU-; :Ives in the W.lY of oppoflUDities tics and become :lUke. Theyof growth and seU-development. cevelop their own characteristics.

Ag~in. Christianity h:Js ;1 good So il is with racial types. Afterde~1 to say about every kind of :111, ir was God that made men ofr:Jcial pride. I do not think it is different. r:lces: The history ofwrong to be proud of one's racc, the world suggests that thescof its tradition, of ils beroes. But r:lei.ll types will not rem:ilil ab­the claim that .bec.luse you belong solulely pu~. Tbere is possiblyto :I particular race you have the no such tbiog :IS racial purity inIieht permanently to domin:ite Ihe world to-:by, But the com-

7th July' 1950 INE»IAN OPINION 203

S.E. ASIA "GREAT DANGER ZONE"that India wns not preparedto reco(;nise either the Hochi.Minh or Bao Dai Governments.Sucb reco~nition would meantaking side~ in the inlemaldispute in V~etnam.. "Wehave also no strength to inter­vene there l'xcept moralBtrengte", he added.

Asked bow Indin could aidIndians abroad economically,Prime Minister said -that Indiawas greatly interested in Indianlabour abroad aDd tbouRht itwas ber duty to give it suchhelp as was possible, He addedthat if there was any discrimina·tion between Indian merchantsin and foreign country andother merchauts tbere, Indiawould help gettin~ such dis·crimination removeo. Apartfrom that there was possibly noother dltect way of helping In.

.dian abro"ad economically.They had to stand on their ownfeet.

Further Indians abroad mustchoose if they were goin!!, toadopt Indian nationlity or thenationality of the country theylived in. It tbey were wl'lcometo do so. If not India was ,>tillinterested in tbem but could nottreat them an Indian nationals.

ADDRESSING a press con­.. ferl'nce in Singapore lastmonth Prime Minisler PanditNehru said the Soulh Asia wasa greater danger zone in worldafiairs tban any other. "Itmay pass, it may not come toahead but it will not be solvedby bombs, but by PSychologicaland economic methods".

He said that the forces ofconflict in South East Asia were'colonialism, nationalism hnda vague and vtry importantdemand for social justice".

The Prime Minister addedthat colonialism had now lostits grip and ultimately mUltdisappear. The greatest force,along with Social changes, wasnationalism. Communism hadbeen weakening because notonly had it' parted companywith nationalism, bu~ it hadopposed it. Any analysis of tbesituation showed that wbateverGovernment or party s~pportednationalism would go abead''''It does not follow that perfectfreedom will flow once colonial·ism bad been ousted, becausesome kind of domination lIuchas fOconOlllic domination cansurvive".

Asked about Communism inIndia the Prime Minister saidthat tbe movement gathered ThO I G Istrength during war with the lOgS 0 eoerasupport of British Government High Tribute To Panditwhich was given lor war pur-poses Communists used that. NehruBut in tbat process tbey lost High tributes to Prime Minis-the vague popular support they tei Paudit Nehru as worldbad before. [n tbe last general .stalesman were paid rece. tlyelections in India, said, Com- Ly Mr. Mdcolm Macdonaldmunists won only about 20 out Commissioner General for Sllutbof 500 seats and those too on East Asia Bnd Sir Franklinpersonal grounds. Communist" Gimson Governor of Singaporl'.be pointed out, were now e'll:- Mr. Mp,lcolm r.'lacdonald whoploiting India's economic diffi. was sp('sklnl( at a caamol y at(u\ties and in some parts of wbil:h tbe Prim~ Minister laidSouth India tbey had created tbe loundalion SlOne of tbe touild·houble in a small way. iOJ: of 18e Sinllapone fod.Bn

Rderring to tbe tndo PaL_ Associatioo, declared tbat Pandoistan Minorities Agrument. it Nehru was "one of tbe greatPrime Minister said it had doce master builders of twentiethgreat deal of good but 'bas for. century". lie added that Panditfrom solved our problem'. Nehru ""as the most potentThere was still a Rood deal of figure In the massive monmentdifficulty, but on tbe wbole the for Asia's political freedom andAgreement bad improved con- he bad hoped 10 the freedom ofditions for minorities in bOlh olher AsiaD ,countries.countries. India and Pakistan Mr. Macdonald said tbat 8twere still discussing trlldc the samp. lime Pandit Nehrumalters and 8 limited altrel'. was no narrow nationalist or.meat had been r~acbed. But bitter racialist. He was afinal settlement would be pas- citjz~n o( tbe world aud aSIble only alter the excban~e servant of humanity. .question bas b,en solved. l'roposiDIi: tbe coast to Paoditl'rime said this would prohahly Nehru at the first State Dionerbe settled by tbe World Bank. ever given by tbe S.nllllp_Ill

Questiooed- about the future LfOgislalJve ::ouccil Sir Franklino( Dutch New Guinea, Prime GimsoD descriled Prime MIOIS.Mioister said be boped it would ter as "a leader of world statur~be decided amically and peolce· a leader of new" Asia and ~.flilly. le~der 01 utW Commonwra!llJ

Explaining lndia's attitude of N..uous al>d oDc 01 theto Vietnam ~ri~e'Uioistef, said markers o.f Uloden~ India",

Replying to the toast PrimeMinister said that in future r'­lations of Asia with Europe andAmerica, the contact providedby India and the Common­wealth might be good omen.It might serve as a bridge ofunderstanding. and as an I'l:.

ample to otbers that such rela­tions could be maintained witb.out limitation of freedom o(action.

There was no iJI-feelinR infndia today against British orBritish people and tbis, tbePrime :Minisler considered,might be another vital factor inrelations of Asia nnd Europe.

The Message Of MahaJmaAddressing one of the largest

gatherinRJ fOver assembled inSingapore rt'cently tbe PrimeMinister Paodit Nebru said thatcooperation between nations,races and communities wasessential in the present worldsituation. Malaya with its Malay, Chinest', Indian aDd otherpopulations, he said, could ~et agreat tX'lmple to world in suchcooperation.

Pandit Nehru said the basictblD~s ~'ahatma Gandhi taughtlodia wert~ of the most esseotialimportance for world' today.I heir central' message was ev.lmust not be done even if itmieht yield some !,ood tempor­arily because it must have itsreaction and produce more ev.lsin this conteltt he referred toprevailioR' terrorism in Malayaand said the campaign ol vio.lence could not ~I'ad to anygo')d. ferrorism was barmfulaDd therefore sbould Dot betolerllted.

The Prime Minister said theimportant thing Gaorlhiji ta~htIndia was to cooperate aor!work together, employing peace·ful methods in their strug~l('.

It was this method that badbrought freedom to India andalong with lha.t frl'edom alsofriendship and goodwill 'ofBritain.

The national movement inIndia, he added, bad its al!'chorage in wider international.ism and that saved India fromnarrowness.

Pandit Nehru OnCommunists

Tbe Prime Minister of Indiasaid In Kumpur recently thattbe present policy aDd leade­sbip of Asian communist parties'might change in near future.'In aD informal cbat With M.Shooklin, lormer Chinese Coun.cillor in Malaya's FederalLe~islature Pandit Nebru saidthat the activities of !ndiaucomn,unistB had caused a lor ofharm to their patty were 10singg.ouDd 'rapidly'.

"It was the Britilob Govern­melli'S actioD in allowing com.

muo'sls to come into openduring world war two whichgive encouragment to the 'Red'sword", Pandit Nehru told tbeCouncillor in reply to his ques·tion. This action later provtdto be a 'boomerang' not only inIndia but in Malaya where com·munists were used againstJapanese occupation forces, headded.

Asking about communist ae.tivities in india the PrimeMinister said that radical landreforms was one of the urgentes~entials to combat commun­is!D. "Agrarian reforms BrebeiDi rushed through as rapidlyas possible in India. Such mea'sures, particularly io the Hydera·bad State, bad good effect. onpeasantry in weaning themaway from Communist in­fluence" he added.

Gandhi Memoria' HallPandit Nebru durin~ his reo

cent visit to Singapore laid tbefoundation. stone o( thfl GandhiMemorial Hall, fint of itskind in South East Asia. TheMemorial is beioK raised bypUblic subscription 10 providecentre for study of Mahatma'steaching.

Film Induuslry In IndiaAn Indian firm bas worked

out Po scheme for tbe productionOf.19 m.lIion square feet of rawfilm per year in the first stageof its establismeot in collabora­tion with a Swiss firm. Thefactory will be located in Mysorenear the Krisbn8rajasagar Dam.

Economic And SocialCouncil

A R. maswami PoIudaliar willlead the Indian Delegation tothe pth Session of tbe Eco.nomic and Social Council whichbegins a six· week session' inGeneva on July 3. Other Mem.bers are Mrs. Ammu SwamiDa.than, M.P., M. J. Desai Commer.cial Advisor to Indian HighCommissioner in London BodProf. B. P. Adarhr of theMinistry of Extercal Affairs(Alternates). S. Sen will beSecretary. General of the Delega.tion.

In.lian Government baveagreed in principle to theJapanese GoverGmenl's pro•posal to set up in India threeover9C3S agencies mainly forpurposes of Iodo.Japaneser trade. .

The Parsi scholar Dr. lalPavry who receully 811enoed Ibe

World Oonbress ;of F.. ilhs IU

U. S. A. bas been aW"Ideu IhoColumbia Medal foe 'Dh'lll,_uished S:nic:c and accLlDpll~h

ment',

201 IHelAN OPIN'ON 7rh JulYI 1950

.\

R. VITHALBookkeeper, Writing up Sets ofBooh, Balance Sheets, IncomoTax Returns. Apply: .

306 Co=mi..ioner St... Jeppe, Job4l1DeabUJ'&'.

- Mr. R. Go, l1aegreltor, theAmerlCl10 CoCfUI.General con­gratulated tbe Teachers' Societyon i1s Silvf'r Jnbilee IUld .aidtbllt bis office would do every.thing to belp tbem in tbe mat·

·ter of Education.Mr. A. N. Lazarus,5C!cretary

of tbe Society thenled tbeDirector of EdlJcatioo and otberspeakers and tbat concllJded avery interest/olt function. Th,Conference met 8gaio on Thud­day at the Bastn College wh~n

a paper 00 "tbe IDetermioBntsof Education was fead by Dr. S.Cooppao. At ~ p.m, tbe session·was open to members only.

00 Friday a tallll on bloodtransfusion was given by Dr. Z.Cbristopher, and the Conferencemet in session at ,00308.m.

The anDual general meetiogwas beld at ~ p.m.

QtiCUta.C ANYIS •• Y ..:-

OIJITMfNT

EVERY WEEK!

NAIROBI to

BOMBAYIN LESS THAN A 'DAY!-

~.~BY'llC.on_stellation Aircraft. .

Immediate connections forall parts of India, Pakistan.Ceyton and the Far East.

....-... Shell Hou.~. I NAIROBI

'" ..,.... P.O. Bo. tOtO.o . . ./ IJ·rlu I,) HI.' I" E A.A C. lilt,. (,..~".

v~~ LTD.' nnl.-lg."".r'.....y I,".r"',''''(tlt'..

SOCIETY

Presidential Address

NATAL INDIAN TEACHERS'

Mr. B. D. Lall~. President, infbe course of his lengthy speecb,said Indian teacheH, no Ie,sthan other members 01 the Com.muuity, werereaUy io no jnyousmood to be able to celebratethe Society'S silver jubilee, be­cause inwardly they werel.itterly depressed, dismayedaod dej~ted by tbe conditionsof life, FoliticlIl 'Bud social,which were farced upou them.

They -were witnessing theugly spectacle of lotolerancewitl1all its attendant cvihr, hellliid. .trhisspirit of intoleranceis becom!~imore aad more Un.

Chrislian NationalEducation

THE Sil...er Jubilee Coofer. yieldiof( aod more aDd mar Referrioll to tbe Institute ofcoce of the NBtal lodiao p:oooun~ed in sucb doctrines Chrutian Natioo,' Educ"tioo,

Tenchc's' Society WRS opene'l by 99 apartheid" tbe Pre.ideot said, it WRS ~.1IIr, C. \t. Dooysen, Director of "fhe propaRator! of iotol"r. d?Ctrine based Dot on the r~h.Educalioo, Natal at the Gnadhi ance" be SRIlI "have 1'0 can· • g100 of love, but aD 90methlDIl'Hall, Durho on WedneJda~. ceptioD of the dedtUctive force. completely unin~~III~ible to usJuly 5, 10 the cou.se of hI!! they generate and perpetuate na educators It 19 ao uo·lipeecb \Ir. 1I0015eo said the in the sociAl fabric of this lood. savoury philosophy, for, bowSociety hnd HIlt:e tbin~s to do: It would bc a myth to su~~ut else is one to coostrue the mun·(J) r promote the ;welfare of that what maD fcars most to· ing of Section (C') "f Article J4tenchcr~, which docs not melln day is tbe atom bomb. Tbe of tbe doCument produced bytbat it should become 0. trade real truth ss that man fears tbe Institute wbich says, "Itunion but tbat it sbould seelo to roan. He has h~come obse"ed must tbus make tbe colouredraise the professionRI standard 'by selfish fear because he has man proof 'Il:;:ainst bis awoof the tellcbers; (2) it sbould not accepted I,ove as lbe basis heathen ideolo,y aod all sortsraise the Slpr..dard of the pupils; on wbicb to or~lloise Rociety. of foreil:D ideolor;:ies'" or,(3) it should I do nothing tbllt I.ove is tbe "forgotten lactor:' again, SectioD Cd) wbicb sayswould discredit the profession. A horrible catastrophe, borDe that tbe coloured ~hild ~ay be

Mr. Booysoo pointed oul n on tbe wings 01 racial 'lrifo m~de. race COOSCIO~S. If. themoot distreniog thiog, that in and bilternes!' he said was pnnclple of apartheId IS strIctlyNatal be found 9 out of 1J cases rapidly overtaklDg Soutb 'Africa ~ppli~d in teacbiog !ust as it isof disboouty in euwinations. and, indeed, in varyiog degrees, In bill. Church lIfe 1" "~bede said the Department took 11 most of .the ciVIlised world, quotations need no elaboUratiodvery serious view of this and wbicl> was thr~ateoiog the very fro~ ~e. Well may tb~ ed~.was determined to take severe foundation of civilisation. Cl1honlstll of South Afnca, 10

action botb "gainst the teaC'he(1 , "Our salvation lies in edu. wbom fbe spark of a troeand the pupils who were found cation," the President said. C.hrislian. ~nd democratic ~a_guilty of IbiS alIenee, "We can by virtue of our ellalted t1~nal spmt should burn, atrivetio~i~~;I~::~~5:ni~~~kc~fil~~:: power 8S educators effect a WIth the grealest o! all states'

change in the attitudes of the :neD, Ab~bam LI~coln, ta ...inR parents DE Western civilisa. rasiog generation entrusted to ~ave fa1tb. that Rl~~t makestion, be , ...d bad been forced to our care tn playa vital role in 1.lIgbt, Bnd 10 tbat faltb let uslimit the sIze of their families so human evolution. Odr eHorts to the end dare 10 do our dutythat today their average family to be successful must not b~ as we understaod it ...witbwas about three childrCll. COD fined to our 'schools alone, mDH~e toward, nODe, witb

It was physically and eeo· for lochoolin!! 15 not educatioD. cbanty for all ... ' .nomically ~impn!Sible, however,for'the la1\ ycrs of a Western. Scbooling toucher ooly the Tbg Venerable Canon Martincivilisation ° give modern edu. frioges of cbild liCe. It pre· said the President bad struck: acation lacilities to tbe Dumbers pares the child C~r education note of despondency but there FOR ... ,'.of children born accordlDg to proper outside tbe our walls of was flO n~d to he despondent. . •the customs of an Eastern or the s<:b0ol. Tbls ~akes it im· The present time was not going SAFETVS SAKE ~African civilisation. peratl~e that our IDfluence as to esist for ever. It was tbe A brck U1 the.kin b a

Wbile the preseot birthrate' educatannlst,,?ould 10.U~ every growing paio of ,somethiog '=y In' for gnmsl Applypersisted, Indians would hue spbe.re 01 child achvlty. It better to cnme. Life of today ~up~;~~~~i:i;q=J: ~~to be sluisfiecl either with a liiSh would mean maor ~or.e hours was t.be prep3rll.tioo for to· com~llnlcclIOIl.To:>lla.y soreness.staodard of education for a com. 01 b~rd worlc, .th:nklng aod morrow. Tbey must be satis. ;aDd to keep the injury cll!:l.D "-"dparatively small number of plaD?lIlg. No sacnfice sbould be fied with the progress that was . romfort"ble while It hen!$. 0

cbildren, or a standard of edu. COnSIdered tno great, .for we made and do what they tllought FOR CUTS AND SCRATCHEScation comparable to that in lS~n~1d re.ga.rd our servlc~ ,as a to be rij!bt. ~"~I .JIndia for the masses of cbildren. diVIne mISSIon for the Bpultual

Councillor Mrs. A. M. G. armll.meot. of the dt:fencelessMaytoo, Deputy Mayor of Our. young agoUlSt the forces of fl-

ban welcomed tbe teachers wbo BC.llon. Wnilst statesmen talk:had come from various parts 01 ,with hule bope of tbe dis.Natal. She congratulll.ted Ihe a,mameot of ~atioDs 'to preventSociety on its silver jubilee aDd war, let u.s In au! nationalwisbed the cooference every sphere realise that the first and NOW'success. sure step to world pea~ spriogs

from tolerant liVIng &moogourselves, and tb .. t tbe only wayto tolerant liviog is to disp< Ifrom our hearls all tho 'fearsan:! f!'ellngs that breed Bnd prupagate auimosity."

Councils Of EducationistsTile steady deterioration In

race relatiODsb"s led in recenttimes to tbe establisbment ofjoint racial councils. It is im.perative ill fbe interest of allS,>uth Africans tbat, witboutde!ay. Councils oj educationist.'of all races be set up, to Itudyb.ow best wo could take prac.bcal steps to promote happyrace relations employing educa­tion as our iQstrument."

I •

t ~U{ot ~lt !sl@..~a ~!s

\Jl cfi~ ~~ i:t2{\ @"'t~.fi

ct~otl "'ti<t ctl{t :u\tlctl ~t{l

~II-J\ ~~~.fi ~l!s:(l !s~cl\

~11.t ~ql ~~..fi~"'tI41ltotl

uUot- ~I'\fi~ot ~I!s~l~iotl~:lJt1 '~ot ~I. ~~ -.dotl cfi~\~{\;l. !sIWH~ ~~~lr;y~ ~li.ll

S~I ~~;l. ;l.\!sf!'4~2{\ !w!\

~!sctl~1 &~Ict !s~' U, "~1'1;d\

~1.t1Q\1Cl."'U ~I~I~ '!'~U{ot'1l

~fQ~&d otl~I:(l~liil ~Ia

~'\)~ "\{~I~ -tfs <1lql..fi !s~al

:lJt'\{l<-t..fL ctQl ~q;)IQ!-t1 . !sf!

~. ~'!s~l Jl:(l'J!. iih~l, ~:lJtI::t

~l~:(l'l.~2U !sl't ~!sql~i :litI

et~u U, ~;l. ~~il::t !sl~ ~!r

cu~i :lItlqotH U, ct:lltlrfi qd\

q~al~ ·1s~Cl.l u{~I~ 'l.~~U

~l Q\~\ ~~l:' 1 lU\il G~I

lU\\@l\'l ~Irfi~ I-J\~ :lIt;l. ct~

!s~qlO\i, a.,~I:(l 'U\.l:tl ~ ~,

~~'1;d ~'tlfl h\~rfi al~lQ,n:l>\1

lU\'il. Ol.t·!s~ !sf! 'l~l I-J\~.

Cotl<!.l~ W(!l~:(l'i:t ill~l<tl

~'=letH ~<-l;l:f ~l. '4 ~-tl:lIt'!I~i lU\1 U{1Ul.~..fi <t~l q~l~

et\~r.t!s~le{\ !I~Gfi ~ ~::tOl.l~ lU\il ~ "'t";(;l. ~IR·!s

lU\~.ftot lU\1'\fii:t ~~ :lIt~

l3'il.t ~l-u{\~ I-J\~ k ct~

!s~41 t4\a .!.~U\ot· ~lll IsIG.

~a~ &~ GY~ lU\~. ill~

!I~ot~Ul !:~~I :l1.'l:S~I'4~

Q\~~h &~l<t '::qCl.l~ 13r<tc:1.

'<tl~~. :lIt"l{=1 cal~l U.k iil

hlo\l rs~"l{i ~1,,!l~l, ~~&

!I~Cl.~ )"'~I'6l H;j a qlet~1

a~ aQl~I." :tfil\. ·!sI(3·~a

ott 'l.JI~\rfi. 'U!:'lJ\ r~H!sl~'ir~ ,~4\ ~ lU\~ rc:1.;.UI~

~it(l ra~'1;!:l~ vI iltl tl~ ~l~,

ototl 'l.r~Q!I~\ Ml:li 'l.~ <H@!s~otl~i otr~ -nCl.~. i:tcl\ ~cala

!s~Cl.I"l{i :lIUcfi ~ 'k cfi~l~

Rot~ ~Hl ~c{\ClI'l~1 ol\ct~

~~ 'l.:tt·t Hctl~i <t~ lU\\O~I.

di !s\~~ ~ ~t! ~ alM~

'1;et--~Ii:t (~.l~1 !s'l~t ~th.

lU\tlt <:-tIGt .Ul·{[ ~<tRt~l

ttl~l ~PI !s;[\ ~ Rq~ cPIH~ :lIt'4tG} !s~ql.fi d~dl !:l--I:n~dl. illc:1.l.fi ~Q\I~cl\ <:-tl~t~n

:lill ol{!sc:1. ;S~Cl.l.fi,

~I\;tl~~d: :lItl'l.~ ~ql~ lett

~al I-J\:lil ctetl' @~l~llQ\~l

?'U\.I~h !s~CU<l.1 !s~c:1.l 'lit! et'<tl~

~Qol.t ;ftd ~~l'\fil.t=ll c:1.~l(2{\

'l.~ft !s~ql~i 'lItlct~ :lIt~ ct-tl

~(~ ~~13~dl otc:1.lqq\~i

~Hq~ -:iIlcfi :lJtlotll ~1''U\C\\~i

'lIticfi ~dl. :lIt~~' ~i\;t<1ldi ~·ctlt(. tlll.t ~

a ,HlJlrt :tfil\. !sl€..~a':lIt~

:lJt~!: ~~l'\fi~<1. ilrll.:Vl1

~.ficUtt ~~l>ll·~ :ftd ~~I'\fi~-t

cy-t~1 d'll(~ i:t ~~..Jl~ i:t

s:.fu:ilt ~~llI,ql"l{i :lIt1"'~1 ~dl.

"'tf~ ~'l~H d~l(2{\ 't~l'l

tl:illal ~<:-t-n :lIt:t lU\.I.tI~

lsl~~I~I~ ~l~ cfi~l~ :lIt::t

~llttotl R<t 'H<I\ql~ <1l1h\~

~I!s~ !s~'ll~ O{ll "'1'~QjI~i

<tl ~:lIt1 cyttllJl~l~ I-J\:lil a:uil:ill ~I ~ttl<:-t;l.l "..1<ll l\~:Vl

c{\~I~ ~~~h ~~~. - ~l 'tQ}

~¢t~ ot~ ~!:1~. 1 :litI

et~tl~ :llt11{~ G'W\ct "'<' lU\pf~H~dl.. :lltl~~ lI'tla d!sGfi~ ot(:ln

~dl. :llt;l. 'l.!:'l ~!lal~ 'lItlefi

'WH 'l.~ ~t:t=l ~l~ ill!sI~1

ls~ltl ~~ tHl lU\lotll ~etttl~l

aIlt'l,,!=l. ~l :llt~~l~ ~H ti

~I'l.~ tl.tl..n' ~~I ~i:l[\ ctl~I~. ~l"'tQ.n ~l~ :lltl~l'l.

~li.ll I-J\:i:i\ 1 ~~, lU\~ .I.tll.t ~!sCll~i lU\1~ ~ '! :lIt1'l.Q!I

.~ \Il1d~ ~l~ a Q\l~ ~~Cll ~l:ftol C{;)\"otl alM~ lU\1't~

l}1~l~ 'l.~¢tl I-J\~? ~Iufli ot,cfi~'l lJlotlcfi:ilt I-J\":ill.

~~ ~lJ\~ cy ~~~I lU\letal ~ lU\l~I'l. ~1sCl.l.fi "'tl~<I\ ~~­

~1~ '! lU\l'l.~ ls'U 'l.~ <3dl (t\a JI~ d ~l~ !:'~i ct~

q,uil~ "'t~lg <tr~ ~~ ~1l:ill7 ct~t q,~l~~l ~l~n .!sl.n otr~

albl.fi <:-tl~l~n2>t1 C3f&~c{\ ItlWl. !l~otl ~la~l~ ~111

ot~ ;;tl:Jiil; ~ !s'g 'l.~ "'t~l~f ~I;l. ~q,<toti ~'U\.~~lq~l Q\l;)lq,

<:-t~ii1 ~ ~l cfi<tl~ !s~l (JlIt (U~ ~ctl~~l ~Ial, ~ :(llr~~!s

~~ dotl 'l.~~I~l ~~i ~~ ~:Vtl :lIt~ :lltl~f!s d!s~1II'tI.tI u{lt 'lIt~ ~ ~Ibl~ ct"l{i .fi-:illl QtI~lCl.ql=l Jl~lJl Cl.:ll"<tl

~.f~lClctIOii :lltl~ ct:lltl~ tl.fi ~l~\'l.~ lU\1\;t1~ 'l1'U\.dl ~ll.t lU\~

~~~~ ~Oi~ 'l.1.!.Cl.loti 2>tl"'~1 d~l G'l\d:Vl CMI:l1.1 :lIt1'l.ct\

Ull~ <1lqla ~ll~, :llt~ :UI!s d!:ll(t~ ot ~Il( al :ilt ~l~l'l.

et'U\.d "'t;)lg' aCl.ll(l lJll~ ct~i "Ut~l ;)I~ll.t.

t{\ "'t\~l ~~ otcy :l.l!sll(,' ctOl ~1'4li?!1 ~~!JIl1\otl tJ(tl~l~

!s~etlOii ~ :lltl'l.~ rotllb:1Il Oi(2U ~I 'l.~ £t~ ~n'U\.<tli ~.

.fiq,~al ~nf~ 21,- <l(~I~ 'l~'l3 ~ ~'t~ ot'S~l.fi ~(ct­~Vtt tl'(QlICla ~l:f-:ill 1, iil ~\~!J Mdllll ~lilt ~l'l.tI'(

::t~l;)[\:(l.fi 'U\.l~ ~<tet ~,:lIt;l. 'l.~ ~dl-, a~ ~ll Ul.~1U'1lcfi~l\;t ol\ot..ft ~l(<I\~I~ ~tllEfi ~~l'l ls~Cl.I.fi CY~~ ot~ldl

o~!sn !s'lCl.l~ ult:(ft ~1'tQ1 "'t61. ~l~lrtl otlot.filt ~dl

d.fi .fib!tl1\dl~l ~~ a ~l~ :iltl ~<:-t ..i ~u{&c:1.1 ~C\l i:t~Efi

~~IE{tf!~i :lltl'l.~n ~Ht:lf!::tl ~~\!sdCY d~l~ !st~ UI6l

-\Itt !s'letl ~~:iIl. ~I<:-t ls:[l ~<tI=1 ~It~l ~Id !sl(1 ~c:1.\, ~=1

~Gtl u'l:iil. :ilt' :ftd ctl ~1'4QjI ~;)I(lt-tl lslill::t \?i:!s~ otr~

~ctlai r~~ 2l.q\~ ul~a !s~etl~ a:Vll~ ~-tletql ~"«l

~~~ tlu. l:{\UI~ ::tdl:lill::t cfiot'dl. ls~t.{l

~1:J~1f! rctotl <:ll~~ ~us 'l.~ ~dl :lIt=l ~etl~lrfi ~Ilsa

<:~~d <t<-tICl.ctl~1 ~l(t<i ~ ~h1l:iil. g'lc:1. "'<' Oll-t :lJtl'\.~

ls~~l :lIt::t ~lot-~~\'\fil(<1. ~t!. -:ill 1I'tlc:1..ft ~IR~qlot

~.mll! ~"l.fi Cll~h ls~cfi :t~I:)n:ftr{1 ~I"'tli?!:t lU\1~ r;y~~

:ilt, lU\~ ~f!~ !s~ {i ~ O;>.fi, ~'il. ls~q,l~ ~~d

~, Ei\~.!.~l'l.G}Q\~g· U, <ltl !s:ft:Vl ~~ 1, :litI'tQ! l>l (

"'tQll 'l1c:1.lotl "'<' ~IM:t "'1'4~ 'lIt1';> Vtl~ i3.?l:fl <tr~ ~llsetl ~1!J:ilt tlti 'lIt1'tQ1 cv:illl ~tl.tl~~<tl

~qllll Un<1.-~~I"l{tl(~I.fi ~l~ r~~ictl::t "'d<:l~ql~1 'etetl

E·.t{tls a.!.d <talCl.C\I~1 <ltl't~ !s~~ 01-:i1l ct~ ~l ~h :Vl (~~i

~l{t<i ot~ !s~"Cl1 ~l:li:t. :litI th ~~cyetl .I'it ...,~ql at "'1

'l.QAl ~ldlotl ~I~':i ~I'l.~ 'l.~ "tttt~, "'11'4Q,!1 ~I~l':i

?I:ft -t2{\ ~1!lc:1.1 ~ 'lIt1't~n :lIt~ ~i'l~l~, 1 ';;>rfi O;il~ 'lit I

~etl:ln;(\~ \I{\;.{\ ~<t"Cl ~. '4~ <aSt ~€ll ~1~ ;=1.a::t; '~lt( uflG¥t ~ll:f~l 'l2{\ ~~l~n!s .t?(l. '=i~I'2t~>li'l.~'g ~d\i:tl::tl cy ~, :lIt~ "<J10;i~, G Q\ 1 rCl~~l:sI~;l. ~"U'l

ct:iil.I-:iIl ill~l.fi 'U\.l~l~l ~'l <1.?(\. {l ~l'l.~ 'U\.1~1~ !s~!l~"l~1 1tl.tt<t !s~~1 ~l:l~. :(I&l:ilt !:'l:iil. 1 -:ill ~f.\Ull~\I1~1 <l\IJl ~c:1. :Vtl-:ill v, lU\t'l.-· :lJt1'4~ ~'~~'1{~ "<Jltlql al

182

~I~l ll~ll2j~i '4~ ~1:iJt f3Jt1'4Qj\ Wtr't\:ilh~i ~"I~ ~~

q~d aJll't~ d~ l;(ltl t4~~

~1:Vl :iJt CH~~I :utl't~ ~t~

't~ ~..!JI~!J;fi <tt.{l .tl!JtU.

d~ ~l'! ~dd G'I1:lLd ~~~

'l~ ~ :ut~ ~dd :lIfd~VtI ~

!J~dl ~~S 't~ ~, ~~!r

.tl~t(l ~ ........ t4etl~1 :ut~ :utI

"t&J1 ~C\rt1iit(l ,!!<..m.l ;)I~~

et~g-~"It~-~r{l ~~, "~I~

:ut:t .ttidl.{\ 3Jt1't\:l.[t :utrct

~~~a .a~ctl\i ls~ rt~ ~dl

defi :utl~ aY~~~. ~tl lll~ll~etl::tl .:i)l.... "Ut.~1 l\1~1' ~.bl!Jltl :ut~ ~lItt'fb ~!J~\l·n :Ul:utl't~ ~'~ll~1 c{\l{~ rt(\\ ~IClI

;;'t~, :utl"t~1 qGl"<tl !I1~Ql

!I1~611ii :Dt!J M.~ )f.Grt dtl~

oft :utl"t~ @'t~ 1::11't l\1~C\1

l\i aJI\~ 2lt~ :utl'tlij:t' ~<:il'lfil\i ~1'Ulqll\i :utl~ ~ :utl­

'tij} ~~ ii'lql d!:fql~ ~1:iJt S~lrtq \q\d'~q, ~ ~lotc{\

l\1~:tl cy..~~", ~!l U, d~

'Ul1(\~ :utl't~1 Grtot ~~Uilrt

!J~q.l dl:.lQH ~:i)l? =D\IY :utl­

'ttl{\ 'Ultl <frdl:tl c{\'t~ ~l~l

~~il.

~ot,E( ~l\l.~ ll::(l OUliSVldl¢tl

O'('H~ ~'ll~.fl <1'j:tMl011 ib~-tl

"ton ~ \ C1:ii11 !ttl ~I"'\ dintli~ )t~l~. :utI "ttl{vn ~'l:t<t

hllti ~'<llll l(;tltl, ~~~ft.fl :ut0'f'J1

'(to1l ~ l ~lt :utI ~tl1 ~I'!f~'ll't "I,~ o1t"t'll~1 'tl'CIlil-l

~ll~, ~I'l'llll[ :utl'ltll 1l1,{H'H

a'l'11 <fi~l~1 HI''l<tI:ill "t~..(

~~c~ Qg ~~ a hl~'lI.)lS

11\:1 '1lct n .... ~niil a:illl i;)l~1

~\Cl{\~ tlCl o{\'ll~ 'In ~I'll 2ot~

~l '11..., <fi'll<fillMI '1)lI~i

~'~U'll<tl ~,~i ~ a~l"'( Cl:iill

lI.~ ~1""<11"" IlH )I'II~. cr('1~tI

~'ll~ 'lColo1 (;t~~'11 :t>l=l ilotl'lkt

W 'l'I:\ !l.I=t4 ~ ",,g~~I:ill.... al\:t

!ttl ij~l !ltl €ll:l.l ,~. ~lIH

nll':\ Cll:ll!i !l~ :iii .... :t>l'lI:(1 ~:l\.n

:ut':\ ~11l''1I~.

c{\~l~ r..o1.'t~ ~l. i\l':iI!1

:t>lllkh'l :=tMtI \1~~'11 lt~''t

ll• .;:r. :iiI~. ~lml ",grt <11: ~\~l";{l <fi~l\( ltrt 'HU\q:lll ~Iil'i:t

ll'll~l ~~U\\:illl~l 'l'I\IhI~ ~lot~l~.{\'l''l H<1i .... lo2!lCl ~ ~. <fi~I~

I HalA" 0""'0" 7th July, 1950

(i-t.fl ~~U'lr1I'll ufirl'!!"l'il'l:tl~ ~ltl'ltl -t~ IU~. l'\ ~I~I, .n ctl(l"l, t1I~ (et!i~ alf~ ~G.:tl),~talll I{'ill i). 'l 1(~1 ~l'll iltl\ttllh alf~ ~~t ~ all I"! I «l'lI[6ct 1 ~«l"I~c1. cr(r~'t'lJ.

"'(~I:ill ct~i ~lil~ li'l l:t I <t"t<t ~UI(l :tl.ll(llli t.~ ·a:tl ~I~I{ ~Ifi!ll~i orf..ila -t~ al~

IHI~1 ~1~1 toil I a"t"l~ ~UI~ ~lllcttl ·1I~1. M~i;),l.{l ~~'!1-t1' (II ~.fl~oflli 1J~[~ "t1"U. (.I~

.{l 1:I'l~iill :utl~ofl(l ~I{i ~lil\'li :ut~n'll~ ~11~1 ~~«ilti tlU ~tI-t1 «(.fl i) ~q'tl IJ'U

IIU~:t E{\~ lIin <tl(f~ 'd. ~~m ~l~1 ~. -tIll, M~ofl <t.1I l~~f rtPt(l!lrt l4~lct 0 ~:t

ct~!ttfl E:ll'll':\ ~1c1t.n :t1!l~VlI ~Iil d ~~'lI1!. O"'1dl. ~1~, ......~ ~[lI"" ~~!11i!I !It' ~.?jl\l'fi tilMl.fl I:Ill~ "'il\(-:tllli •

'l'I1<fi t.d1 »t';l ~'ttl\tl(l :lJlctl .

~UI~.n all \tl{~iililli ~l~~ li'll ~Jl ts~§",:~a ~~ ((~oUll(,<tl. <fi~.a.'li 'fI.~ 3lil a lJa'ltd

~I't 't~'g ufi-t·!!'I'il~~I;j <fi'ill '~lll~ lIu!J~' "'.1~Il:1 <tI. 'I !II!! !&~'t "Hll all b~ a~1

R'I.fl ~"Ulr1It{l ~'lll'i liih i) l{l-tl ~t!s'li .flit ')ll\I~ ~'~'t ~l qQjI ilt~l it,~=t ~I(j~ ~lul:t allO'( "t'l~ EiU\ i!J: 'tfo ~I'l l Ul~ l~ a. :lIIrtdl

..n 1oU'Il:t i\vi1ii1 "I'tl<fl "tl'l~ ~Il{'ll" ~~~ot ~il !ll~~~ ~f"~lIi ~I~ ~J.l !l1@~~""~ 1 ~!I rl\1~'\I ~'ll~ 't~ ~ ~ '\ 't~t.n :t>l~ a.fl ~~.{\ q'l"1 0(.~~l:1 "i'tl=tl • t4Q)1 ~'ot«' ~a!

tl"'il il!s~''t ql:J ~'fI.1 ~a al ~ \(i~ <t'('.n "'i~11 il'fl illif! ')l~-tl =t<tltill ~I ~ltlQ} ~ltl··

ll(l til. <{l~I"'l1 ~I(Uli ~.... ~,<toU :l1!l(lll~o1m ~.fl~'1IU1J.l ctl~ "Il<t~ ~~ict~l <'(PI ll(l 1'l~tii .{\~Ul .{l'l.s~l 't\ll.... ll'l'l1 -tl ~l!l'l, ~~11 rfr~l\t (i~ ~Ilt 0 ~':\ ilill Ehll '1~ otle 'Illill :utI 'Pli! (~. 6g. ~~"l~ 'H o1a l<t I )1% il:illl~ ~1~(I ~~ 0,~.... ~l lU'li ...,nt 0"'111~P~ l iil.... · 'fI.1,(1 ~Ul~ ~ll~. ~ llIo!l ~~l:tl &:tl't !ltt\ W. ~ ~~idl1 ~Il~ ~.~'l ali~. 't~~l :\1, lll~l!sl~ "'.1'l rtl. =l. \ '!I'll ..It 'H 0116 .1I'(l?11~ .. IJIl(lt :ut~ t!Olt'l~ql~ ~~tli ilill l)tl~-tl ~I!l ,1€l:illl ltl@~!t ...,~ IJtt~ ~!lI~ii'l1~l~d :t>llll~ 'll-t "'I~ ls'6 'l'I~!l al'llt{l !l1@r~~"I:ill ~ill.{l :tl!s~ .. ::tl ~'I>l ~~I lstl ~'" W, ~~"tl~ )t~'~l:ill cr( "tCtlclc11 -tf{l•• .{\ ~~ct ~tt Il~ aVll.fl ~u:ill :utl"l~ ')l...,:ill.... , .{\ot l'l'l I 't.stl,

:utl\I~1 't<{~l'llli...( ii'I ~~~ W ;jl\"l~ ~I"t'll.fl '{\d\ 2lt"lc'Il~ ~ t.~bct lif'Hirt, lllll ~ltl'fl

:ut~ ~~l(ltfl :ut1'l-tI~I:ut"l:ill 't\?! !s~'111 ~'1!sl!t i}. ~~e14011 ~1~1 l'll:t 1I1~ ~:illl ~Ul 0'(<t1"l~1~

:utl\I~ <fi~ ~~I H<ti iil '1l.{J:tI· 'tJl 91i~ctl ~~!l'I'I'lI:t ~q'll (ortl ilVlI:t... ~"'t ll~'fE<t !I~11:t1

C3~~"I !I"~l iil 'tf,lj ~i ~ll(tl 'l1l'\1.{\ ~'tII=t ~U'I ct~~'fl ltlo1 )(~eo1 !ll<tl'li ~l""~l 01t{l. Ci:tII'( iii'll all( l ;Y ct til lil:J Usl'l ~I"t'll'li :utI" ~.fl '''tl:tl ,l"t'll "I~~ I:l.llYlii'l =l. , ';)Cl'l -tR. alit. e'li Clot I C3~\tot" ~ll !Ilta~a=t filM-t1 'l~tti. I I "t I 91l( &1'11

'11<t0'( ~ H'II.{l all(, .-lIt'l"'l~ ~'tl:tl 6!s ~ C1.fl ll~t{l -tl 01G. It<tl ..~ot <tl. =l.\ '\{j:ill !slil -i~"'I'~r~'lI.=l. ~I'-tl:tl ~~ ~ ll'" t1!l'I~, 'l'l11 ~l"t-to1l ~N' ~ilt:ll 11.flQ1t011 ~'(lt\l:t, at'(<tl&

9\oflutll\ :t>lIIl'('11 H<ti 'Nt '1~i~ !Iij illl, "t.l€li!1 .s:t"l-t't~ ~'tI\ ~c"It. =t11J(l'(~tl)lIt~ft~~.{\=tlllih~.~t'l<t qb'{!. 'i ~'<tl~'" a=l. 1I1~ ~(I "t)l~i atl'l'll~i :utI'lo1l:t ~. _~...,.fl

tt:t-dl!i, ~~~l.~ ~"ll.fl ffl:t ~. :ill'll !sI€l~a"1011 IYH .... al't ill ~~'I~ ~~~I

~.fllt<1 'tl';\l~r~ 't~I~ 1s't11 'l<t::t ~~ Sll.~l ~Ntll(\';\l lllU ~'tUlI 1I{l-t·t:l~I'fl'l:tI=t1 ~h R'I~ill\!j~(l-t '~~lM :illlsl.{l ~:ill :lllll~lli ?ll 'lUl~l. :ill'll rttc!sIE{l!, ;jl "~I~ lsl'il ~~I "Hi ~~II{.~.fl'l-t,fi 'Vl1"fi <t~d\d :t~l~ 9\.. i>\ .~l'l <II ~I@~<t'l.fl 'I'i:tI!J :utI tta al ~fl !l'l@~!t .H"I-t

lr~ql ""~l(;i -:ill. 1l1~'HI'1s ~~H ~U~ ql....u{l ~l\?!l.. , 'llrtlo1l lti ~llI'(q"''1~.fl ~1~d1 :utl~~~'l'~ Hql 'l~d1 .>1\?!'Il.fl :1J:IlXl~ l!l 'll !l'~lll ~~'!IcU'i ~I""~: l1H 3l~1.fl <filii. ...", "'il ')l~'~

tfl ~ ::t ~Ul"Ul ~m :t>ll&l'l'tl-tl "t)l:tl '(\~!t ~Ul ')0 IIJ'I'H 't~,ooo ~"l::tl \(1)11 !I@~tt;j ~U{\dl ~a q~l" 'udl N!sll:f "I<tI«1 ~"lf{l \0,0,00 "I~' ilIU\<l1 ~~ M~, 'tfg h\ a :ill 't'l~ ~ al ai'll l\1~ Jhl:t '1(1:>\ .141:1 't.stl.1I..' ~. :t>ll "'t"lcHI <t:(\\~ ~~!~ll~'ll:tl ~G ~!:'~1~101 H-tl~l ClQl a':\l. :t>l'ltl ~Illl'"'t ftc! Hq,

h\'cJVl, 'l'I~~ q~l'-tl"" ~hll'l~:utll~t1'lI";{ <I.f. ill....o1l~l· !I'if!' 'la. ~ "I1"I<\lIi tl.fl ~~.fl"&1 otll.la ~W{~ :Ul1~ ~ ...s~t1~

:ut:1Qt't :t>ll'l'tl::tl ~. 'lfl.!i~M :IJt";{ o{l"'l~"Ic1.fl 'l~e,u !I~'ll -tlll~ ~~"H ~I( \:Ir!~l>ll{\.~!:'~lM ~lIl.fl ~i>( 't~d\"l "IlcH !l'l(i~tt"l;;l ~Ietl"" 0'( :>.

" :ill/(. '1't~&l;r; :t>l"t7l1~~ ~~alrt~~,~ lil~ ffltt 1l1"'d1 :ill!l ~1~I:llIIt ~\)"l ~I:I~: ""1111 "'tl't<ti .... l!!10~ ~g l <fi'l\( €l-t~1'\<1i 'tte'otl ilo1~~ ~I~\lllt{l <ttl" ~~'Ufl~~l C1~!t'fl "tl ~(J.l::-- I ' :J ofl lslll "If(. ~liltU :t>l~!r ,i€l'l'll:t'1U'1'l'lllli :t>ll'ltl. 'ti=t4<:l"l1 il~~ "t'~l~~ ~li~l<{\ \(1J.'tl=tl :ll..(rt ~

~I 't"lct :t>ll'lftl ~ lll~l\i lit.. Ill'l al <I.ft. ~lil 31l~1 o1l~m\ l!ltt 'Hf{l tl~ ~s'll-t! !sl(i~ttW ...." ~!h 'l~d1:i '1~ il~~ ct~\t{l C'o1ih Hqllli "'t1<\ E\l 'II H11.fl C\l\.fl ~~''1' ~:l{' !s:(\€1etl'li :t>ll't~, <fi~l\( R<l'li ~, ~!i.fl«l'lIE{lJl~(-~d1 ~I:l ~:ill 1>l~1 !s1(i~£t'liI(

• c !J"I'filt'l ::tIll'll. ~1~Et "tt1I~tll hldl ".... tJ.fl- EtPI~:t'lPI,(l ~ 'lloY<ll~ lIi~ ~l!l~ft 'iff. l4-:tloU :t>l~l(it{l ,~<t<t~ etU\ln ~lt!l. \!I<ft. a'l~ !s~:

:l.1!l~1 'Vl~, ~l~tt 2JUfilr'1 'l~'t<ll :utl'l<:lllli alfIe'll uCli 'I(~ ~lill1 ":t>llll~ll\i'll l!elllr:t t\l~' ~g 1'1'Il~m ~llll.~ ~~'l !l~'tilli lil'l, ill i1:ill, {i !s~ 1 :utI ll~~~ '(~ .... ll~!rtlr 'l1'l~EC1 ~ ,

~I 'Il~. :ill .~~~~lti '~~!sl'(\ ~~~I~'fl ''1.fl til :iiI<fi, q~ ~•• :ut=t «'l. ~'1'il'l01 =tl!r"l, ~':kll'tl:l.lll~l :t>l=t ~"tl011 ll~~UlI=1~ nl U 'ii~ ~'('.{\ :t>l·t~.fl" ~tctotl alrt ~l <l.:t>llilt ~I~ 'l(31~ ~"II.fl~ltl't{l tt.u 'H g ~llC\I~1 alii 't1<t1-t1 ~~1'(\'l1 =llb'l=l '\~ aiitl' J Rsllet~ -tij lltt ~l'1.

o!i61IAinf'tll

:'m'i\l2'"I-?fl~~11c1?~~11i

'\}ll-clhf\PIhlll.!)t~

?tN1::0~~lbHlf~cW:cn§)

ltl5loh1}>.lET>112..IN1::'1!:f1~

~l~hl""~(tllr<:\hFtll-~

lPI""lfuhlln:~h.1N1::'0PIt>}J>

\{I?§\.oWlkl:\.hI!!F~~~l<;~

:Thliti'<~~{;fc1'i1)1:·§lli'1I:ljI

\'t!1ilolh1l.'tMl'iIi!pItcm.ltN1::

'it!:Il--lJ$th.1Yt~'fl~~ltt~In~k

!Jloch1):'i1tlla:\}!J~~i'~~

11o.l-ll:t!:\}l:I~1!E1}'l~liltli!.J

NOIHllIIOHYIGNI

ful-~hW~st>~lt.~~W~W!;.It~

ela.§~e

eh.l~l~~e lpml~

I\>'iFt\;'Ili:/}Iehlj:'iltI::l\1l1'l11:

12.lP1jll~ce.....I'i'lclSl\ili'~:Th'i

tl1:~\}nI~'11:I!!.~'!:I:,ijt--€ll'i

,·~R\?)'I~h.IN1::\!it~hlN1::\::l~ltl\;~U'l~1:1j>1b'iFt

ti'1'ilheh1):'iltl::'t'iltlittN1::

t""0U"Il>hll>l<oP<I~~I~l~

~kN1::li'rlhl""'1I1k!Jl>eh.ltl'i

~I:.full.{Ih)P>~~l6]hl~\)ill~

(tIl:~\h'"~lhm~1i'111:'\.hlo

112.lil~1j>11t1P'h~IhkIPI~lo

~llilN1::\}lljl\.h1.filtp.'p,P)l~

{\1"'<.11:\}"I{;'~1)~0'0.R.~1l-~\"'t.:':lM.~~h.IV<:~ll>l>lr.ct-,'~1.f.

}.;~.€lPilJ~~Jlhll1:l~\C\)ll~\~Ib\0.:~1~1<>~\)I:Il~lP?:,'&li:li:U>llt~N1::!ltc~lclltlto'l..~~l'!

'It~P.h\}t\}>i?1.l-1n:'i'::.J~J.olr.c'i'19:'('Wi'I!:'clll'rcP.~~lliroll.11<lIlPlPfnt~~~lJ:':i':s~hllr<:

~1h1~'l!1~~lt.ffi:(;Ih.~\pfi~"l!:~~~17!ehlhlli'I~cct!t:N1::r~ltt.FQ<>-lPth~

.:11:'"i~le!ltIbHljtl~1):lltlto'hjI:Teoh.~A1:?F~j;kh.PlIl.l1:}J>H:1"'11I~~lla:1:!P~lt~_llP'il­~tp~II-Ic'ila!ltlHm.17P'i~hl""'~l>1~N.tl~b1:lJ:~lIl.).Dcia""1}'fM"lctHtU>l~l'i?l~

'II:.';>t~'i....)"'1';.It'bcP0tk""Qa:lcll-C'il):'ile,U'P~tt\}n!~'0t:Qa:~"1;)'il]l!lc1):'i~~~{

1!!1)!j"Thlf111)?Plb1}'b1.f1::PH'WUnl~hMlllhl""IH"c'i~(-\~}..DIPI~elnlll.~It'i'tO!J~lt~!kP,~'IP'~loclh(-\I>lbH1):'iI1::!hllP3'ftItn!17Llrtlcll-Clf'Ill'jl]Mh.It'?1r<:1~1'i]l-'n)!tN1::

Itl'il""l:.full.11:~1N1::!ltlb~I}'iltIhl1:v~'ft1Ji,~-{'rihfi!~?S.'l~'ii1?.I~!c'e.lhlPcII:.

f\~c~ltllitlln:l:fl,ehP'il!lQ'''''l}>}:Ic1~WI1:1::.1<:bJ..D'i~~lttII:.'l~\Illh.l-1)h1.!)lc.....tIltt

jltlhhllto!<lintllr<:~'~"Ito'1!:f1\::'l~nW~ij>~'Iichl>l<;llalin:Il-,llUt~'~f\~F~lolw.\nIP

••••••••••••••••~••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••tIel}tl..le\::.Pltillnlffi=~e1::.lc'e~:n~•:l=;~~I~lJW:lolr.c,,-ltt.l!~lHl-:'};lIt\-('t"I<>r'I]'It:'1)1:')tlg:•.••lIl.H:Itfi'~1tH~b\.hI11:":'W>1i•'lt~'ltl]:'1}>.'~~1-?l<:l..lt~''e.'~It'b~~lcLlt~'ljlJ:....~llt:'~•"'.,.,.•,.,.<.:;:tl1:elltch\}>h<'ltl!:e1';\P:'ellli:'lt~~.;llolt'i~'It,,~.'lit!!':11:..t-~'ij>'I!:~f;4:"~'~'cll<!:'I~:'~"-h

::'I!:·k~'1-1111-''\P:t}?rl~'It~.l'tt!!':,l-?<1a.~'~'pt:\»hkllel]:lkil~1]1l!:t1fuB\h~.J.~::.~Ij<l'11.1):'1}>.'p,:~1fi'll.~'l~,)t~hl!:'~llr<:'''~lr.i':tp~...·hlTt.lehlh-In:'1!;:Ib~Ft

:'b~~\FclN1::~·ltt:11:~~l'ttt.~:hlr.ello~tt.t!!':J.tn'It:'iP.lt!;':!J11i\hchlJ:liltn.cl.l!!~1:?

:lJt~~l~'~'l}t1'\.oU't'I!:.tt.~""ll,l't:lln:1l>"'1r.~'i')"~l'FI:!blh~!};ll~h\.Jll'\.I~1J'l~Ill.,1"":'tp'~'I]~elt~lh.171a\!:It(L"""I1:)'l!';h.Il!!}fuh.lfalel~:l-l!:1'i'lPlil'w';!\p1N1::1~

:~hlct~~1}'~hW~W\.oJlfl,Cll.~l-J..DJ;?~I!l>,hlI-PlIe~I1::lbhllr<:1~1.fiIt"lltfulltltm~;l••0...:•:~bQl1:~~I~e\hlccll:ll~chl""~(Itt.COlt1j>1~I~lN1::~:'l!E~l?I}:~cu~]}>l]:li~h.PIr.n<l

:t"")3l}:l11t]hlbhllr<:Ilt~~11n1alin:\@~l~tkN1::'tltt.:Uct.lP'1)::r1l-tl:'Rl!:?h~

:'~~~l}>1-tp~Ir<:Ihclkl}>~~t)17kll.~I"'Qa:~tl5ltilllt:'w°ltl!!'I!!11:~1}t~hl!:tflht•••I:'hl'in'~l-U'nl~c1l1:J,;N1::tl:@hlfukIPcl~~!1t.1tp.lP<lln~:'Ill'ilI~l~~

:hlfukj;lch~"llto]clh~l~liFtl]:'11~1\.ol»clk,eh!ltLm:"1'i""l3:ltlklPPh~~~1{~\ft"§1~l::lPIcnfl

:lfu~l::~r>~]}>I-\Jl'l1-1:1111:FC01~F)tfellltIi~iJ,chM~~l!:1e:mG$~ll<e\}L~!\.o"'0l:Il~tp:fah.li'l~IH",F]l'lleh!~G~l!:lth1}>.I~'FI+\}n"lbtt.l~lhk:'~ll<e!ltlb~1::1~lJt

:'1~1~1-J..DlbN1::Il!'i:l!:lk}JlU'l""l:!I>nlJ:'f\P?'Ft:tlth1}>.l~'i?"'\}a.]ltlbth'Qa:ml1.li(:'0t~',lYilb~lbb}l&3~l~l)>:1j>1):lill;:U"l""1}.l'ilt~l~'ihlcl

:1.!:'11:l""'3hl'iIb:P,ch.rlh~Pl~l-I;:lb'j'lhInilli'il~£\pt3l)-)Ilt:I~~!tt.F.iP~~eliliI.hll>l~lM-h::

:.1lw:~Ieh~l!lh~I\!b\}~!..~~l!:~"'~Ib"'llel~l!:"":chltli1~1it110IclklIi'l~

:'0ll<ti1:10111.fU.~lchl!!1~t:ll>lltIi]~i't~~..ltli:'~bllr<:lit:'0!ti)c1):'1elk]}>15l)-,llth·N1::lell-lIl.lcl~ti'..ltl'h1}>.lt\'i'lo\}n:Ih~\}l.1'icilchIt:lth~'i~t:1n:

:IllPl=;~§lJliU'\}l:I-lr.e'i'Itlhlittti'lfilheh.1):'iltl::'ill>?~Ilo:I!bl""!ttlth.lN1::1I1ltl:lIllll.l1:tll<ee

:!ltl""~IP~lti)cc.....l'clSllich.1):'iI\:l~'i'll;:~t~J11-1r1~1:"":I!'.Illi)cc.....I'ilClS~Il-hl'j,\}t

:1"'.lllltlloUt.~e'IP.lov.»t€.IIhh"~ltck.""Ib~-'ffi~111::I!E'l!blN1::]ltlh'ittti'1'i\heh.

::112.'jll~1l~~lt!It,lj:'FI'iCtt.1>1i'lhII-COf:'IIJ,f"l17fi'..clbltl~:1):.;11::1::l!"]I:.'IP-\llli)ee.....,'clS

:~h.1l::~IYt!111:lln:lj>11:1}'1!..ijltl1-l-h1}>.l{hP1~'1ltIl-lolr.e~:l::~I:lI~l}>,~l"lItL""~0~~~•:lj:"1l::\}>P3'Ft~lltl:U,I!:tm:.t.l>:1~ijl.~1J;lth.eh....,~p~~~:h:]h'I!:~~It'ill::loh1}>.I~~I-1}n:..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••:l~hl:.1}"'th§lh~~la:l.1:.'\t!ll

~cltlr<:U'l>lc7IH~1)l:--~ll(

.:~1}o1)1:1-\t.'i\l7thpll\h:~\::~I~h\~1j>'il\il?\!I'>~IN1::

!ltlbbll-IachUa''''FUnl~0\}ll­

F~e11-1:1'hd~\::Itlt~~hIll

1~~\ltl1:fuhltl-ffier]ltll-....Il!

\}'llJllk1l<\]\':lIN1::\::N1::.,~lSlltlh~

~1<11iIt.,ttl1:1l>1c1l6,h~IHli[U""

1..1n:\}!J\.0Ih1:1bclam.Ii~I~~

\""\.h~~~1.1':Th'i]tt.~b~lt~"P~\hlh:1:§1~.(l1llin:,tHO'ilot.

\.~€lliienl!:1l-l-laCt!ltl~11:

$l/.!tt.t1bltl\!Ihle1j>~1)1:.§lJliI]W:

l-lr.crIbHhlU1t,Ib'iFt\;'Ili

\J'ach.lj:lilttllto~L~'ittlr<:II:,~e

lPllcl:]It.,!:}.Il""clS1::lJI:lU..tp1\.o1}t\~'Illlofi'~\}lloclloaIbbl17ll:

e1-Jll~e~~~lil~lPHlc~~I-laert'1al~\)L~"

lyIH,,'i(.D'i'.!:'h(;\~lJ~I~ffi~l~

~~.~lhl'iFtlJl'it1,,'iltII?~c

eJ..,,,llStlJ~1~1P~lln:lJ~fu1'.

\~L""!1t1lill..ln:1}'l-fnQ\"P!Hl.§j

~~§1~tf~tlttl!~(Rblrfi!1n:

1l-1(111l!!Vi';)!ltl'tlltIllbl""

'€.1hll'll~ooo?

l'i:,"jln:elbl~l'tl-l}t1ltl",,\<-~!It

1~1j~l-I<>H''lJ<l-Illbll:l!t11.!:1l­

''''ll.ll~:'lInll>nel'il!!I~Qa:lJl..~lfun'0lhlt1!e1~1"~Ul.'iI000.H.ell~?,,,,elr.~~I~e?

"b;l1:ifll=;l>\ClFl1Il-l-lr.er(:'olin:

'~hl~I"b)lt~lhbl'/:?1"'l=;\}t~€l1li'tfW:"lr.H·tin:

€.IelJtl.kU'nh1J1"~)1t.Q<>-V~

t~~\':l,1Cl?~~l.:~I?lh

lJ:1lil!?el}t>Je:~lt.l...M:lr.t~

'lP'i'l1):lilPJ-\PIbh.ll<e

PI~IRfteQa:lhljl()lI:l"'tfh\11:'I~jl=;~h.'e}:1l<eeh.ble?fuh.

J~,litl=;W:~§llljlJW:~tfhll'tl~

'Pl~

I~lel!:I'iI1:fullt'i~'i~lel1:"t~

l-\fClS\!:j~Ill~l~~Ih.IhJ.ol<>'itJ'"bll-ffilin:tin:f\UIl.!U'nkl~1j>

ltl~lhhll-I<>lr.\ftl-M'::II<!:II<!:.

%011«:)ltll>H

fl~tr~t~11:$1~'Il~~?~,~t

lt~tin:tplln:]ltlbblI=;1~tl'tt}?lb;

t""It!.,lln:!ltlt-C'iWi~Itlb~

Unlit)'\h!ltl1:lie.l!!~12.!\;~h.~tl~

1):'i11-1-&fuh.lJ~:;~'IP'il'lhle

Ibe.?~ltt~!ltlbh.lln:"'}J>~€l

Flh~1.!:1'itl~fullt~lh.eH~ltlr<:

};lh.\}tU·l?~]tt.I1:'l~~"\fClSl!:1):?~~

lelltlr<::\p,~..licl}J>~lJhm

-1~~tp1eM"Ilo"~I:ll~l}>

'112.'.1crIt\-\.oJlI"

lPI~.tQl1:12.f\1~FlbHltl~cll.

I~e1\;;lJnl::1..l<elel>-e'iltl'if\1~11:

ll,eh.'lPI~l-IIlHMh.llr<:e.IY

clll:!th1.fi}J>lc-tlr<:IP'ilUCJnIh}J>

chltllillr<:l2.tP'il.'iilli~Ql1:~

'I!hlltl:!tt.ll>hllr<:fu~c

f5cttlln:l2.tlP'1}>.11r<:1}IlIl.

tIt'll\::(~Ibtpc)~bl)IP.>1cIN1::Ilo

l-1)"Itl}>1!:1):?5~'Pl~loF\11r<:

l-}..De§)Fn,.....~Jl-l!:l-iI::HI\::full.

liltI!ElJhll1:l~'IP')1h?11r<:]It

Ib}J>Rl;ltll:(~11:$1~rltfe7~1l!

t1):i't~11-1]hl)tl~~c'1iIl-Iel...,

IYc"};lltl.1.l;lh\p:IY~tFolfu.....

~\Jhml~'lhklPI~1--l!:llilN1::~

~$tlel):;PIYet~17It~li~II-­

1j~Ih1YtIY'FI~fuh.'Pl~loh1.fi.....lc

fuclliFe.'Me:"..ehltllilla:~

~1}t~(:'IPlov-J>{I~'il1l!\Im:

InlP}..Dt.li1"lilo§l?!ltl:l,l".)t

,..R1ltl»~$~Ii1.!=1j1}tlil1:·tf\l~

ll'1l>lifitrllitl~1i'tlittlr<:.~12.

£81

it ~lIl""lIi ~1iill 'ij\t' 0 a ~t~(\ Mi. ~l.""ll\i if;~cfi "ll'>fi~lIlW G'("<\{l \t>Lcfi ~l\l ~. l.&\ ~ :Ul lIl~'~ctl Ulll\ ~.

lfl\"'~-\l :IIi~l" ~:l ~cn~l~ ~Hl>i ...~. ~l::t 'llrtl1 :utl-t't

1Jl~Ql ~'\ ~\ t Hrti 'l1~Jt ~ot\\ Q:!1"t!!' ~I~rt "t-tl<fl. a=t ~tl

"I'd~. ~1.::t 'l.~ ~\'l\ .»c!.~ '1"t'\1 ~~. ""'<\7>t\rt<l.i :llI.\lI~·Q}1~~\>{\ rtll lIlJ1. th a '{~ al.({\ \tl4l', :IIi~'~\'1 'l.~~10l.l1. :ot1ii:lliil

.,." :ut1>IUl etl:{} -tt't I'f"<I l.1 , ~i~ ."'l..Mlfi "'II ",t'I:l'1~ 'ijr~~ 1I1.{\

:ut~ :lli1\:{\lJllIi ~1ill \t~n :ut1>lfJI t{\l:(l. ('~'I 'H~.{\ ~I.\ VI=t

'l.~~ .:lJ; t~ill rt~"llIi, <fl"\(I-t :ut~I~ ~1,;\ ~ • .(\''\ fl\ ~ i>lllil~Ulli :IliP1Ul >1\J ~. uu<fi.~ lI\-tcfi~~ {ll:ti,

lll~-n ~iufl '''lIA '{~' ~1, 'l~'tl ~1.iill il .{\"t<fl\ctl.ct!.?::t

:Ulwl>O "ll;I~. h\o\ ililt. ~11s" ~~'i.{\ "I'l"t:(l !J~ tl'\i ~lIl.....-ti

~i~-n ~l~ ~-tlfl\ ~.n~1 :IIi~ l:Il~I!:Ift "l<\lottlrtl r,l"t~ :llI.1'(Qjlp .....

-.-\I...lll1\[ ~.~llI( ~Hn ~~.{\

'1~'I{\lt:{ \0 ~1"1~ "t~5l< H'tl~",!Iii. H'tllli :»l\0!i u...-~~l\,l~ '{~~ ~"'I' il :tlt!lq

~~16 . :lt~ . a €\'t~llli 'l~l~1"1i,l !leud ~l~et.{\ ~UI' -\11\'\.!s~'" 0.. "'.

7th July, 1950

<11 :llii 'itll:t !J\1(Jl1J1ll' )(I{md -1Hcti "'t1'l.!J n"ll':ll ~, ~'ti

lIl-t1ctl ~lllllftl iiJ. u{lrf\'-ti

v{lUl1J~ =illctl-ti IItlfl\ll ~1l1-t ~~.Jl1111=t llllet~ :IliNlj n1{.{l ~t~11Il

~I, lllt.{\ )\~c{\l(l ~"q !l~L

~'l~l :qlctl-tl OU<l\ll ltc'l ~ll

~mCl ~ (J bIlQJ CtQ) 111 ledIt'l-t .j J~ctl<l.i lrl~1 frill' ~!

:Ili~ ~~(h ~I~ :Ul1l 'l(1&~~!J

III cUrt ~letcn '\ "tlfl\ll "lctllli

llicti Mi :Ili':l :;c1i\1 !JIll Hcfi,c{\. n 't"UlCl ~~.1 ~I-:{l=l it !I

"tlfl\!J=t ta'tlll ~t.l1 ta't~ tif.ll:It~. "t~1 ~~'-llil '{'t'ct 'I(~ .,.,,\:1

0\1fl\1I fll:l "'ll'l'l.l )\1{(0{ !Jill' ~ll?j

"t~l w ofI!>\fl\ ~~ ~'I"1 \~1.

'{~ "tl'l~ "t~~ "Ufl\!.{\ 1tldl

'(<t'ct '{~ ~Il :Ili::t ~<11 ftl"1~

"'llllls~ 'It,,'ct '{~tfi 'l(l~ w~l<fl;

ufl...!1· @~I'l'll ~'l.~l q'U(ct

~~. .u\ctl~ 1J'\*'=Ilill il.!~l

1IG'~c1 ~=t 'H!l "t'"l'let I l lll:l

il t '{~ ~ll \ @rt~ .a~ ott.1.

~i 'i.1rti ~l~c{\ 'l.~ ~~l ....~

Itrtl ~=l''it1l ".~ n :l)(lq:-~~

~'11~ lI"~I~( :l>tlq eh 'lli?j it\>iactl ot~l. il!J €l<t~ ~~l "'lll

.{\ illl ~"tl~~ 11:t q:1{}::t 1\U\

:»flc(l H'tlnt lJ{'~ lUI ~tl(l 'etl.

~~Iil 't.~<tl-t~ 'i~'tlftl <3,.1.1'11

c(l-t'd\ .!s:{\, "tl\l I:(~ H~tl.

'l~ netlh\ §I.t~ih "61. "hti~\Ul!l il~ 6rl a::t ~1ctl (sd\. \a1 ~~ "tlfl\~ tfl\'1UlS t.~. :lt~

-all !ltl~ cL!'1«11 :2lJ.'l ~=t ISct{l

=l fh ~':l "tlfl\!l~ "l"'Jl~ ~"l

:llI.l~'lI~-t1 {:\",.=l ~. qlrt ~i9iCS\l

~I""~< ~. "'ll ..Ict ~'t~

ht::t ~ll:I. ~'11~ llt.I~I~( 't5\~.

"tl~ ~i't\ :2l!l t.<f\ Cl ~I'

i;\<tl "IIlI. ~lt{l Cit C(\' ~~~l

1I1~ 'll~g~ctl~ ~~\-.i.~g. ~11I

"'l{~~~l't ~'tlill[ :IIi'tll lll~t

'Iii!! !Itt ~\ ~. -~1I1.,.,,-t1 ~c.!stt·.{\· rti<U"ttl{l

~1ii11~ ~I~ 0. )J.'O<t't".:~. ~=l

"tlfl\@~~.{\ G'{ql"t£l~ ~1~1.{\ ill."t~~l :utI WClI'J{~I(l ~lf.~ lIt.lo{

!tll\l H'tl.fl t~ lfl\c(\ ~~~ :lIt=l

It()lrt~ ~ll ~';\ .aiGi ~1~1

:ut~ ~"'t ~fl\ql.

OPINIONINDIAN

otl l{l({\ll ,1"~=t =tl&:(l '(~ ,{I~ ' ..( ~. ~·~I'Jt~.. "I~ ~1211~~U"\cti ~"lI~lq '~ \1I\ C\~ =il1c11 lIi kill IJ~~. illlQ) ~cqmt..{\

otl 1JI11.{\ ~Itt &{ll ~ "t'\:.t -t~. ~.srt 't'U(n ~~~I -t It:(l <1\ ii\"ti

't~I<tdl ~ltt .iilcfi ~fl\1il\1l1i ~'ll !llll 1J<t1' 'ctf. .{\'I(II?J\-t1 ~hl'Jt~ot'Wl~. ,~.... \.{\ ~c"Il('.{\ ttsrt =ilIa :lliU\~{(,\ \9, 'I(".! i\'ll~f ~r,~a.t~ ~~I c(nl~ ((ot.{\ '~ctl<l\ !tIll &~ ~.

a=tl r,1"t{:\1 .~. :llil ~'U(IClIl\i 'I(~lIlcllIVl ~'1 :Ili~ ~1t( "t'~~

~Pl {:\rtl~l=utl'{\ .J~ttl",l iilcfi ~ 1I-t =ut=t ~If.' :Ilil~ai ~. alii\ ~ 'I{~(~llIi 't"l\~l Hetl't\ \ 'I'll ?n:llil~ ~I~ ll~c{\ ~I~l-tl

=tI!l:(1.{\ 'l:lfi~lIi ~\41~l !J~'W!1 U"lal ~. ~&ctlu{l\l, Wotl')U~,

l' ~I'l iN\ -l~. q~i~ .,."etl'J{- -.u,i ~i\~oti -tIll )\..... Ict ~.

m =l(,\I~~ J"J\otlii ,1(( U\!JI~l.{\ n't\ ~:»tl~ ~Ictl=l t.m'\ -t~ ~l4l et~.f1 G'{ql.{\ \.tl~ ~1I~n ~1I.,.".{1. llllQ) ~lc"\(<fl-"l4I~ ,MC\I,

~ot\\ ~. ~t~l.{\ -Yl\ ?t'l~=t 'l~ ~~ll-lctk lllJl. 01 C\:»tl 'l(li?j Vll.a1 wll~d\ ~I\{\ ~). Ctll~ ~lIl-t

rt1;, ~lIl-t ~l"lot, ~lIlot }<f\",~

"\(fl\'ll.{\ ff1~ ~.

'llctlrti ~~di Vl!l .(\qr,otlli ""'li?J1 il!: 't"trt ~1, :Ili=l ~q 't~

I)~ toG l, .:It'\{ ilftql~ tl{\a -,(\il~ !;l~ ~~l":t il<\l cQ"tl~ Illli.

Ileu't\ ...l~lIi VI:l ~-n'l"l\l 'tMI alii 1:»tl iIl& "I\~"\(i ~lc(l :2l.s~I.

...l((""IllIi ~~l cft~11:( atill~. ~lCl etli ~~"'I<vt '(~ ~1,=t .{\:!t ~lll

~l cft~~ !Ill{~1 E:tlet'tl.j ~1~~.1 @'{~:21,£l ~1E:t1 ~~tt1':I{\-:t tog.l"ta ~'H.~~\i lIfl\rti :til:{} .~\~\: ~~tt !~i: flh\, llli?j "tfl\'tlrl ~ 1"~1"t1\.{\ ...1r, ~·Hl~.fl 1I1"1'4I~.{\ Wetl'J{ lIcrill: "1I1t"-1~ ~I!i~ ~."

q-t ~~!Il~ !;~a ~1\>{1 ~lct ch il ~1~ lIlij, "C\'t\ <ff 1I1li!}~:l

\l~~~·~otl ,(~~l~:l cfi~ (,l~lIi, c(lo:)ctl :l{\ct'll ~. \il~ 2(}:>l 11~.t

:Ili1~1.{\ ~Pl~ w'Ia'ai ~l<t ~t~ illct Cll ~~!. w ~lct:' "'ll:(l(t

.,." rtf(. 'i~'g t.l~, ~~ ,(1~Mlot ~'ttp{t ~1vil~ t.a!l'\ ~ct~"'llii

otl "t-nii:ll,(~r\l )((ct"NI 't~l~'tl:l "'llc(\ ~, \~ l ~'Il E:t"(-tl~t"te{:\ ~l.l.1etl.{\ ...1~ ~~!Il~-n ':ti2l. ~~~l 4ctl.

rtlvil::t .... l-l ~<tl~ ~-nqrl ~Ul~ ~Is ~!JCI "'I~ ~:rll 1lrctr.i.l:{}:ui1::t <t\;li~ :ti"lll at'tf rll~l}l -l111 ..~l, -t1:(1 -t,~

'{.s~ tllct. "'tlot;

,1~ ~ui~ ""'~Ic.!i t.g l -\ql ~ "ll-\~' ~~I !iq. t){l~.

!Il'l.'tl ~.{\'l.rt ~~lrl' 'l.lct\.{\ 1:J~lqr,1 ~lll. 61111<1.•'{Ii!l\.{\ '{\d1~ etfl\"n ,~etl "\(\i\ ~ ~n(U~. ::t'hE\l<t<l., ~!r'n::t

a::tl ~'l.~ ~,lql :lli1't-tl~1 ~, lItol-t lJ{rtlet-tll Clll.{\ lIlctliill., 'd\. 'ttl::t, ~lIlay::t \t.sot" 1I1c11

VII \ithli\ll1l Q1~ ~UI~ ~lctl ~. lIl<\l 2it ~~lIl1i \3~lt ~~!.{\ tdh\~ ..fl\Jn ~~ ~ ~ ~:21'\lilEfi ~,~'~m ~-ll~ \f. 'Ot'lV11 <\~~~Lra~.1 "l"t<\ il~~~~~ h\ ,a. ~~<ll ~IH~lq~ "tr,~ :Ilil-i;l illl=l

III :llil"? Cll a ~~ ct~~ at~, Q:!Plc(\~I~1 ~ll:(-t lll.{\ Cllld:IIi::t alll ,m ~I~I ~qll(l 1J~1 :Ili,{lIlot It'" ~iij ~. ~illotl

':'lll' -In ~~. ~'l.'<t~ ~:21I'l, illls ~n 1111 \Il!jl

:WY\V11 :ut1C\, ·~\.11l:l !~, t.~t?J!:(1 lhtll. Vli~' 'O(1il11 :Ili,{lIl<l.

~, :ut"("tl~l, 1I1:Mlll, ~1'l.1.{\·d

et~'lIl ~'lill-ti ...m.i :l{\~l ~~

'tt'll\I::t :>illstt'etllll :llI.1<\ i£l. :llillli

~'liill )tclt "'ll t~l(\ h\'tld ~ t'bI1ii:l1 )(clt. "'llc(\ ~~ ~I"t·u'fi

~lIl""'d "'ll:(:'l.rtot Ill'\. ~.

~ll1i 1IIrtt<t::t IsIlQ} etlt~~il~

<X~~\ ~, :llI.~ Ctlf\ ~1iill 1I.1-tt':Illirt ~~ ~I~ {J'U(c(\ til ~.

~"'HIGrt, ~Pl q>l~ ~Qjl ~lIi'fi =ilil Ill'\. 0. Jlfl''l 1Ilcti ,{l

'{~ 'l.la ill~ 'U(l\;! 'llcMI "tlfl\!r=t "l<tJI't{l, ~·t\~i ~\:J utlfl\lI~

!t~~' cnl.l<tl~. :utI > <IlIJI :Ili::t

~'tl~ 41~Q} lI\ctl 1\,\<\ ~ 1\1<\1

~l~~~ ~"tti il~H~"\(i GlPl"'~. {:\CMI =illc1lotl .{\~{<t'(, \t'nl

:(\'l.l ~l~ 1!.1~ ~'h"~ qiilal <>tt'tt.I\.u et~ cft"t'al ~·Jot.u 61~O{I

61\:1 1s-.u~lrt,.{\ ~~~ c1~lt.t(l

"t'I~ 'l.l.1etllli :utl<{\ ~d\. ~l.

~ll. .{) ~UI~ cr(~II)~ tod ~ ~'l.

:i>lft&lI".! ufl~1 ~21-\ ~"!i">ll:{\ ctl.,Q 'lfiV1 'l.lt:llll~.!.l\i ct~c1'{~l(l

qi>l~1 qU~~lIi HetLlIl :Ilil'~ t!>d:IIi~ a~l ~etl'cl \il.t<tll ~"t"tI~llIi

)tr~~ Ilill ,al.

,1~ ~~111~ cr~l~ 6S l <11....1... ~ ~I\li?j ct~!l W~'tilli :»tl..~ ot~Ld ~\l(l''I tI{\~ ~I't'tlr\l~~I~I.{\ a':l. :Ili"tl§t{\ '\I{"t~ 6ill

:Ul«\ ~~a~1 (\ \J~bR !I'~. QT~

'&~~l ~~<1l .f!C\r,ot-n <{l~lct il 'l.li?j

.,.,,~ a. ~ !i !i.f!'l-t ~UI~ il~

:ti'll"~ rorl ~ ~L{j~~ l"t~ iH.~~

~'l.l'1I'l~ ctl. 'l.'l. :ut';\ -tC\~~ cu.

'I. 'l. ... l et2l.>lIl1\llll ~,C(\ h\'cIiiI.!i.{\q-t ~UI~ :l~'{ :Ul:(l'l.I)J tI{\~~1

:utl\~ .sti\~, 'i~~i Itl~ :Ul~

1I1<\cfi ott{\,

!!-n'\.-t -~UI' ~~.!1 !:'ttl :IIi~!r

~Uvil~l .,."q\"\ :llit'l.cti Qlr, ~~IJI'~

184

~t!I:¥i '"0 :Ili=t tI{\~ ';;>!J"'~.{\~(t~ :t. ~ !Jlr!\ ~!Jql ~.

l!o1{\:IliI.{\ ""'~l~ ~lr<tl~ WJtetl':1l <{\~I~ H"II\ti ~~"t-t ~1I

kl'~-\ !i"- 'JIl~ etl:{} ,~~..fl ~I­

"\(I~ '{\cfi=t ~1~ft ~~ ~. :Ilii!J~1

~ "t<tIC\ ~ 1 \l.'cIi" ~ll.l tawill

.;;> tl" 1l0".1:(l '(~ :Ilill:ll~ :t1'U(('\i

tcti :IIi~ "'~cl\lJI.\ :Ili~ ctHt'hlfl

rt3>l1-t1 kll\lIl 6Uct :Ili1~1 k~d\

6o;{l llvil it!J ~11ll.1 :llit{'ll ~~

11\ ~1lC\1=l ,I'U('U ~u~i MI.

J,"t-totl 1I..~:(l<l1 ~!J ~~l,&i~

'l({\ ~)J'~ WIi!I"!i ~rl 1I J~ul-t

"

IN.,AN O'INION

\·n n •o{t~l~d~l~c-l C<l~c-l

~~

7th July, 1195°

~l<\<t 0ll~~1<i1 ~ll~ \Jlct\\l~l\i~)li~c!. '\{I.t11 ~ ilI11~~

~)\ q\(l ~~. ~, ilotl .;xl ~lot

'U:>l u{lotl ~l ~u.1 ~'Ull~. iil!J

~ :q.£llll iil ot1 Oll.M ~ Oll\'t!l(1!

~ 'l\1<1<thtct (3'\{~ =!jql~!{'c! ill~'

~, il~ OM '\!~ , ...1 (;llll:J. !{ql

E\t)~ otlfi: d~l Cloti '\!{l\lJlll '1~

iilqi ~ \ ~ \(Ii!,ll~ ~llf'f\~i <tlfi.~~ 'H~" !s~U ~ll{l!J~liil

~IUll~ ~tIl~ r~lli~}l '\{I~ 'd\.

~~ct{l !!~ n ~~l\i ~~ cni\~I! ~l"t <\'11 '\(l<tI~1 n Oll.~-tl\i

~11~ ~. ~~ :>l~ ~~ill, 0) ~~tt; H. '1i"l. ~lilliil ill ~lil!l, ~~ ~~

<l~'.{\ <3'lHl ~.. ~l(\ ~1!J~lil!liil

i\!J ~1!r~1 ~)\i~c!. '\{Iiil~. ~~

~~!s ~ ~l"'.{\ ~~~l~ iill~'4I~

:ill"'I~c!. 'fliil ~. ~ll{l!r~l ~~

q~' ctl\lj-t1 t:>l.l~-t '11~ ~1E{\~

!s~11 '!1E\~, iil<!.~ 'l ~l~~ R.~lill

I ill ~''\.... l'\{l~l "t~' \iI. q ~~lril

~t.1'\I-t1 '1)1I~ 'H\9lI\ I~ ~!rll

"t"l.'qll\\ ~I~ ~, n 'H~i a ~!lll

tIllt~ ~I~ ~. '

"I~I ~ ~~Il\i ~~ q~' iil Oll~-t

<l\t~ "" f'f\~ ~; f'f\~ l\1l:?J~1<fil\I-t-q~ ~ldl.{\ 4'<1ct~ ~lll.MI

~1c!.Il\i ..;. !ll~l\ <tl11 ~ql lll~ Wiil !Al\I~I<i1 Sllc!.l 'I~I l\11i!,l~1

:qlrtl-ti ))'i ~~ ~!(~il\i ,!r~1

'1il~' <tt~ \il1 !sl<i~ !sl~l\i

t\ISl C\<t\ <\lllqlUli ~I~I~.{\

r,Cl1l.1 ql\i ~l~ \iI. C\llilfi ill '1~Iil.'

"\It1lct '1~I~'R<1I'{\iill OI.I~ oti!sl.{\

-tct(~ ....1i1!.~. al\j;\l iil!I a

illp :>.!I'lIIl:(\<1, '\ ~ ~l~'iun~

~~(a. ~~~ !It ~j ~~ u{l~a'il'cl'll!.\'i.

-trJ\lll<t al ctlll~~1 ~~ ~c!.Ii

i. n rt~.{\ )),1"!WUlfi ct( ctlll~

(\l\l~ 'tIl~ \iI ~i~ ufl~ ~ll q

'1i~!· tIl<{\ ~~g <tlfi.

~I"'i~c!. '\{I<tll\i ~I~ \ii, ~I~

n-tl -tl~llll<t=tl ))'i~t OI.I~. al

\'i<t\lti <31~; :>llf'f\ OlPI .,')lc!.~

.U'cI'lI!.\-t llil\i :q~ \iI. (~i al\i1 il.l!.!r ~~ll:l nt~ 'a. oYc!.~

·h.~ilti f'f\~ \ii, ql\i~1 'll~lll

0I.1~ ("Ii ~~II:I f'f\1{ \iI.. :U\)jl~

'\{Iii! <Mit "l.1..tfI '1i~ ~)litc!.

'\{I<tl oY<!.E{\ -tllj!lllot<{\ ~~~

"t~<{\; ~~ ~·)u 'fii\ (I{I' ~)jl~

.Hrti '11i!,l il.l,{b q!!.

~ ~Ul~ctl 01. PI';l \ ctl'l <t~I~,

~hl qli otU:llIEl<\ ~:(\~'lIi 'l.il..qlfi ~ <tli ~1il ~)jl~<!. 'flqilli~lq, ql q!i <\11:l~lll<\ ~{l~l\i

~Iq; tIlll,ltll ~1'lrfi 'fiqllti ~Iq,

ttl Ht )t~ ql:tl~ -mi'h.!\-t .u~~1{i :qll; nll ~ ~!r ~!.l ~~.fl '\{I'lllti ~1C\, ih 'l\?! 'Iii -tl~llll-t

otI~~lIi ~l~. m~ 'l i~I<\1

Oll~l\i :lIf.~lIij~1 ~lll~1 '1~I~ !{~I

~1~1~ !ll~~ ~l\l{\ :ill)II~c!. Hcti

<t~ rtl'elllll<\ 0'(l\1 ~!! all{~.

~,~~'l iil <\1'tJ\1.!\<t d\r{

;j~ W. ~~'<Uotl ~:(\~ (3'\{~ ai:l~-l iil!l ll~ <\1"11 rt.{\ ~Iil. ~

tt q)ltfl ca"Ull 'l~U, U).tO ~<tlill

oYc!.~ ~~1~c!.1 -tl'cl'lillot ~~!i

~l"~i {joYt.1otl<\ ~1'Ul~ ,H'tll\i

~Iq, al l\11i!,l~ ~Hf\ l\~ ""''''•'IG'( f\ll ~~ ~)1I~c!.1 iJI!l 'l.!l

'\{Ict\ ~I, al ~!<tI.!l1\ ctl\H1 O{I~~

l\i YOD filE{\~Il\ o\>c!.~ -t1\:J~l!.\ol

.u:(\~l\i "I'~l ~l. ~~ti otl'tJ\lll-t

i>\ dl\~ iil!l G'( {j~t.1-t!{\ :ill:!

~I'lqll\i ~Ia., rtl dll. tIl·&!r.{1

SlIUll!{\ l\'\1 ttc!.E{\ >\1:q ~\tll\

'1~i~ nti\l.

<\IYll!l-tll[tO ..lg-tl~l!l ~'tliill

"t<\I'tcti !r1~'UlI·tll\i ~ql~-t'tl~

~Ii!,ll )l\~~lct!l ~ih tIloo"ll ls~ \iI.iil!l 1I1~~\~ ~!l ~"Ii!\ li't~ illll,

q ~tIlt-\ ra'(~ il.l~· <\11:J\lll<\ ,<lit!

t;d. ill "" ~<{\c!.l\i q 9liq @\(~

)ltIl.ll '111\1 ~';l ttd lli ltl~ tt!~

~~ ~l~. rt~ d~ct ~ql'\>l'~ ~\:I

ct(<tllli ~1W.1. (I{i a·~Ih\'tl'il.I;

'1'4,! q '1I\i11 lsl~'Ullotll\i rMl,

'l~l 'mi\\l\-ttfl '1~<li~1 ~'~I

'(~~ql ~'il.I· l d~f\ ~:(\t{l ~~l

lI'(l{\ot (3'\{~ ~1"I.!l 'l~1l.1 ~~ q';l

1(:(\ ~ql"tl::t ~~ ct(~1 '1~'il.I,

:U\)jllc!. 'flql ~cti <\1I,)l,ll<\';l

otI:(\~lti U'Ula ItS '11I<t1-t1. <3'I1'il.1

~1t1'I<t1 ~I'll~ <t~~ltll )t~(~1 lItt'

~. :U\~I'~l\i ~ ~Ul~ a'Y<fiW.<t~~l lI~qll\i ~Iq \ii, a-lltfl

il.\!. <\ufllll<\ ~q't'\ ~UlIl:f ntl{

\iI. iil!s u{l!!J ~)I\~l~ '!" "l.IUl~n

ct:(\~ "1"t<tI<\1 (3'\{1l{t{l "0 c!.!sl

ol\~j'\l!.\-t "l.UlII1 nt'\ IS. ufl~

'\!~ {l~l ~ ....l\l<tl~ ~, oYotlrfi

~ih c!.!11 oYc!.ij <i1111111-t "l.(I\11:I

~~ \iI. '1~'tl ~ ~11l.\tft i!!!l\iI~1 ~~ ~)Iil~ \fiq11 ~~~ tIl::t

~, ~-1 w~l ~PIUl-t1 OI.I)Il\i <t!;j-tIlHIl\-t G'(lll ~i{il alII \iI.

:lIf.)),~!rIl\i oY ~1<1l~ ~tIlct(

~)tinl H 'l4' 'fl'lll{ \ii, olti

~~~ <tl~ltl\<i ~ ~!i .u{l,~lIi

~1'Ul~ !r~qll\i :lllIQ, ~l ~it{l!rl

.{\ ~~ <t~ !l~f\i '<>1~ ~I'!l\ <t~

~'~Ioll lll~lll::tl "I~I ttif otll!

~ -mllill-t "lta :lIf.1~ d\=i~~ \ii, (II '\!~ ·~)II'<!. '\{Iql.{\

l~tfi l\111!~1 l\:(\ ~ll -tl{\ ct(etl 1!s"tI!r ~'.{l q1 !rl~\?! \Iif 'l~ ;j~

\ ~1~t<1~ :lll!j;Ul ll.f\1 1I'(Ci1.{\

otI:(\~.{\ 'Ullful{ct ~.' ~l, iil

"tl~~ct !!Ul al mot<\l ~fr.wJl\1~.{\ \iI; tt~ ~I~f .{\~'1~I~n ;}~

~l~hl\i ~1'Uli:i !r ~ql lll} 'tl'l~<{\

.. <l'l~l<tl ~<{\ iil ~~ll~l ol G'(

!s~qll{, (3'l~ict ~l\\11 l\1~l(a <l;j~ ~ll ~ll :u{l~l\i ~I"t~ ~d

~Iql!{\ a it!l~lit l\1~!r )tl\lli!,llli

!lO otI~~l\i el'Ult-\ ll.d. <\rfi. 'H'ga.fi ~1.{\!lIU ~~ll ~ql/-"l. ~II{

a{~. .,)Il\i.{\ ~~ .{\:i.l )tl\I~

19:-'to :II!!!" '='QJli: lla{.{\ ~~~HI

,<: ~)jl~c!. 'fl-tI~1 ~l l\lli!,lill.{\

cf\lit{l\( '33 d ~l!!' 1JIY ~ ~Iij

lll<>1qll!!· ct(,,!!l~ ~d, \ \ ~ 'Uli~

ll.i:l ""Qt, ~';\ ~ <{\ ~ ~,,!!I~E{\

""d\.~. 'ill. ~~ 'U~<i~ql : ~'h

ufl.!l 'fl<il~ f'f\Q} ~}, ufl,{\ '\{I

~qlrfi QI.."t.fi q~-tl itl11 <t'\>lct

~~d\ ~Il{\ nt~~. 9!.'\li.{\ C\~-tl

:q~.{\ Oql~I~1 ~11~ ll.ql ~PI'U

!{l @@{l ~d\ ~I~ ~; ~~ ufl.!l

'fl'tltfl iJI ~fil{1 ~"IIl{ 19.-i:l.<!.-~~I-totl .{\b,,!!lct 'll ql~<!.~

~. ~l~'(~)l "'Ii!,ll~ w ~, ~1'lQJ

"I~I~ iilql ~~I<{\ 0't11?! ~Il( ~ }

oY"'lli:! u{l1l \fi'll:f ~l.ll ~cti

<\iill:!' <tOY'ot ~Hct q~'11 t\1)~ ~l~

~ ctttl 0I.~1 OY' l\1~~1 .y<ll ('UlI'\1<\1)l{1 ~l'{ \iI. o\>l\ <t~ u{I.!l

'\fl.iill, ql\ ct+l\~ "tl'll:!" ~I~

~g t1'I<t1:f. 'lUll u{I.ll '\{Iqltfl

'UlI<!.1 ~I~m, 'l.<!.l\i '\lic!.Hl q~

ct(<(\, <tSl~ '<~~l ll.l~ ~, ~~

1ic!.~I!r U"iE:lliilll\i 2lid '\!~ 'l,{\

ntl{ \iI. )IGt'<td\ ~tiil al !rO

ufl.!l 'fl<{\ 01.,1, iI!~f mctll..."!!Iq ~. ~ll:(\~l.{\ !!.... l( \J~'1.

etl~ll\i H(\~l::t lI{l,{\ 'flql (qll\i

~I<td\ -ttll, ~c!.E{l~ ij~'lctl~ll\i

<\i uflll 'flql:f <\ \il1~-tI~';l ~I"'<t~ Hqll\i ~I'lql 'it{l.

a. ~':llt>tU\1ti ~Ul"1I: oYiI!'

~~. ~I~ <t0l~ ~1:(\~"IUl-t1 )j.~PI.fl

1\~~ll:Ilti <3ct~ \ii, q<tlil!l<{\ U\'nt~ !r~di q~ ~1'Ul~liill.fl ~lrt'

q~' Hcti <t~ ~l\1{ ~~~1{11.fi

<'\'ll~ @'l~!{l -t~!s'I tts ~ 1,Uili ... tJ{l.{\ lfi<\I..Ii:!I l .,')liill

"tl!.ql.fi ~l~ctl\i ,;~ :lIf.1& c!.~l oYc!.f:11'ctl, (lilt I \iI~ ~.~ ~·'\).l{I",1 ot<tc!.~1 )),lJ\,{\ :(1!s1{1 'dl, ~::t )tl-\l\

{~ ~·'\).III<\1 al l\1O{ '<i21 II'( .!.~I,

l\"'1{1l~" v{l.{\ '\{I'iI~liill. 1. ;y';«1 ~·'\).~'<\l 13.0: l!ll .oY<!.~1 c:.nl,

185

niJIl )t~lt ~'~Il\i!{l \, c!.!sl

[\'~~~I llUl<{\ ~I!s~i Ml ~~ ~«1l

~·'\).l{I<i1 <:3 c!.!;l. o{\.!l 01.&1 ~

\(l-tRI ,;~ ~'~l-tl '\ <: c!.!s\ I'.dl;

CliJll ~ll.lt ~'~Iotl H l!ll llUl<{\

mill <.ctl ~~ ~«llotl Cli lIl'!~Id a{ l!ll.

~E:l ~~ ~1~IHllli ~I~ <t~~.{\

ct'll~l\i u{l1l 01 '\{Iotl~liOll ~"l.Il:l,

<t~o1, ~~ ~~~i.{\ dl!slctl\i <\l\<\1

u{l.ll '\{Iotl~1 ~Itfliill Hdi <t~

)ll\l~l\i '1.\1\1 MI. 'latlli ~ld\-tl

<{\!rl~.{\ tIll'Jldl\i. <\ '\{I-tRI~1

19\9 c!.!sl ~I~ '1~,,!!Il\ "Idltfi ~l!s"ll

Ml ~~ t'J211~.fl tIll"lctlli ~y

c!.~l q~ tfi!Il~ tIl<1l<{\ ~!l1{1 'ctl.

~I~l\i ~~E{\ ~IHl\i ufl.!l

'll<tl!{l h!(l~ ll.Y, 'l~ ~ll ~{l~

lli ~Iq ~. iilql ~1I u{l.!lotl

!s1~"Ilo1~I~1 tE:llq ~; 't~

Qlq',s'<{\ "'l\·tf{tl~-t ~~I)Hl\U'\lii

~ "IItIlctot I ~l\~' !rll{l\=t l\1~.{\m~~ !l{l ~. \1).

'to &~q: lI{l.ll '\{Iqllfi H

~'{\l 011.!l-t1 ~"iml ~<: 0\>c!.~1

'1~ <>1~ \iI. or';\\ ~~ctiil ~~ct

iil ct~1 "~~l "~~I ~l\~ ~I )tl\I~l\i itl'll ~~ 'll iil ~lotlC(h w.

al'!"!! ~~~lotl '\0 \tul!rI~I~1 ~~

Cli ~~!l '!'l ~ rr{. u{l1l '\{I'll

tfI ~I~::f' ~"Il~ ~'l~'(Q} ~~)l~'ltfl qQ~. <3'I~i~ 'l121otWU

oYl\ ctl\I;.{\ l;.fk<tl ~Ill ~'o1o{lfict

caGfl !r{l ~\ \ii, all, ~I~:j' ~tIll~

oil{} .!I~ ~I!lg. i;\\ iJI~€i lls~~f

irt~~ }, u(I.!l 'flqltfl !ll~'l{\(3~. <{l~~' ~'tIll~ .{\'(ct(g -ttfl,

'l~'!l u{l.ll 'fi'll:£ tIl'~ !l~qltfi

~I"d ~"1I,,!! \:fIll ~l\ ~1l\1"'l~~!l "I-t<tl E:l1~ W. "I~I ll!rc!.~1

iil!r tIlltlldl\i al ~'l\rt \iI l,'l\i~l t~~l{ <3'\!~ ufl.!l 'll'll.{\

:!!s~I-t!s~Ii ~~~ t(ltt ~; lI{l",,\

~Int ~~I{ e'H ll~ l~({\ ttltt

all 19 i:! \\\l~~ ct"l!l'l !s~ otllilg-t!{l.

4. ~i~ ~~~: .»~~ l~~illi~i~i=tl ~I~ ~t~ ~, qlti-tl ("o'l.

~!sl i;>~etl ~i\1 ~l"''il iil!s'il

<t~ :q!l ~~I~l '\(\ctl alII \iI.~::t. -t 'll-tl~tiilll\i!{l 0Il ~!sl

~c!.~II::t ... h"'I~.f,2lii ~~ ~II{~. ·a ~1~l·~o1l k :¥jl~c!.-tiJlHI'i~ OY'~IC\ \iI: un '\~t

'1~~i ll';l 2l1~ <t~< H~'1lo1 h~i

'11 "l.i.t::tl ~!l OY' ~~ ~'ll l\(r~1

~al. 'I\?! \iI"<ti '1'~~ 't'l< ~~~t'i

\'i'Y\'1 ~<tl llCrllI W. l\~ "tl<t:(\

t{l:l i!! l, ufl£l 'fl<tl.fi ~q';l t!(~i

-tl 2li~1 ~llq ~l~~ ~'tIl'~ ~."

~. ~1~1>q :(i;\<t ~1'tGr(t"I(I\I)

ll. lltr,s 't~' \ '\3 ~l\~!;'i

.(.).~~I'~'~'e:"It$'<.UtlP>.l}\..l-T$'.~~.lfeel-aeh.'~~u'?t1~lllU:'t.-i~0\\:*SI!:

-:lol'it.,.~~~llt...l<>'tt\}'~~l>O£,,,'01n.~I~itltllt~~l~h.l""hl~,*t't~llt..'enoll~lll\ftl~~l>.l>~'\}Ih¥\~U'l*

ijl:'tllol<>'!'1ciiUl'~-I~I"~Ua\y\;,~li~~lt~\.u'i\-lol>''Ll«'I>~lh1c-'thUl'~'1<llh~'i:~1~5.,?'1~1~lt-l}lt-:~fUtJlll}<1m.ll\1~iiI)ll1n.1:>Ij~~lt~'!~~ll.Wl>lk,~»llt\h~ll~b-oltlo-.l\.~'lE~lat:~

ell.t}~lt1"1\)1~1l<':1~lt~Jjlll~

\lol\~~ij)'ill~~bIiftl~,-l~

1~!ltl..l«\l'\)1>lIlfttl~')1?1h-n.

t.."t!;'1~l:>l~!ltlp1n.H:'9ltll«

!O'fI,*It~~f\~lell,Ill..l!'*~U-lll>lIlfib\WelSl1::W/ltfuhof\1{(,Ilt.1I1l><'I~{"l{I'llplto

1~1/).~I1t.tlt~~l':.l!:t!\llLla:ijoPPlIlft~\)"leI!»I~pt~1i

ptlfth!ltlli1)~la:lhlo~\h'tl~

'1~~5M'l.ll~ll::~llolt~

tl«t~~"1t.lhH!1t.~l"l>ho1...

~lltft~lt~!ltlo~It!l!l(It.~~

It.l!:I"~R'Ill""ltlhJllI~

..~.~,~h.''P''fcl\hMblJHth~

lill!."~Ikeftlll.lliltlo\}>HI~,~

lhU'el>~"~I....~lth\}-IUo'IPH}Dlhlt

1\'f~klO\l"lft!."t~\p~cllthl6'thah.~ltl::41<l'I\)';I11>~1i'th.

l..~\yllp-\/lft~~\p'lfthn.l\;ftoIll.1~1'>fi'..l..m~\,111::la:1U1}o

'1~~l}>lHlJ"l'Ccltl1t.l",el't'i

\IlWla:\}>1'h\}l.~I;lGti.1::\1«

ijo\)h\Ilftlla:ij)1!)lfthlh..'Wtt

fuhl~~aellr\.\oti.tl«ij)~I~

1{IHll~116~bloh1J'4P.t{l}'P)a

lIlft~"lt~lla<\Jl~lh.lj)c1'rUllt1l::

lilt~"~\}n1~!h>t1h)I~'ttfVa

\It''t\},la~~''~Il!:~'~,,..lt~

tla:.."t!;tl,.,""I1t'11:!l::I<lI1::

l)a:~~nl~~lello~l~.~1~1::

~f\tI,h.'We:"'IUll:t~t!m

y~\}t~li~1il\>lt\!!;!ltll'~l(ltt\}'~

_\;.~~~I""li\):~ltloIt:~ll.

"l:;1H·l\.)'>l}ltlh)lllo~It.h~lP

t·ltl'U~~'tl~tp\yh;\~*0l<h."I~lll>,~ll.nlPh~l~h:-o~

~Unt~Uoij:H~Uo"'1>""'1*0.1)~,"~1~~'~~1!J~

Ij~'0U''tRtt~IjU'!1l\}'l~lo;'0~1la:

le(fl~(lltllo~'tl>'"\}>I)lt,..lltl\>liR'~fi'~11<l~.\Q'~lla:l"'lollt~

Mlb\et!lblll",~Ittl)llll<,\.lbl:\}>Wliho!ltllfL~Ilft:f<vo-f&~J~'Q'~jlll'ftlt~\}'1clltlo

'0hIlt~~'t'tJloll.~.ltlC\}>tf.Lt!R~l::1l«'0l>",~.lo1~Vilh.Ittll'~~'lttltlli.tll::ll>ltlollll~'tU6,k!It.t,1n.lliL'lt11«

An-;l~Hlh~(:,~~.ftI~*R»t~0U'e~ll,IlI1~'th,\.ul(

l"~elolt~~~01!leUoM,,·"l~lhP..ljl':llla:ellje*..,,\}>Ti

);\Lll:>~Iljl~11n:fu~;~ll«~u\e!1t~tJ:~'{\}>'lIIhlla:U1tI>l>\:t'm

~~loltt!~h'btfultI~ltllt'1::..'th..-'t*\}>nL'Ila:ta~;~ehll<lIi.~.11::11j!Jlla:ta~;~l::l<>lltlljl':lll«'Ut.1n.~lloloa~PoI"'1c't~1flh.

'"'-'~;.P.!~~'tf3~~ll:>~liIt~~'tlo~~tlLlnlloUt.Q\\}'''fi'~

lP.1!ll.\.llr\.blilfl!!"{~~~lltuab1)~~'liL~'ktefu~'

1n.~ltla:llolPll!;"lolt-al~",~"t,171'"11>...lltl>~1"1PI~t~.'It'th.fm~

Ut.Hijolof1~'0\):lillitl\.llr\.~Itl't1::*CiIJ:l)r'tl~l?ltl"'~,Uo't

~'l::h.lol~\.lb~1....'I'.a'th.1?ijall«~'0!lb101*bla:flt~1\)~

1C1htJ:1!:ll.EellolJiLll1«~~;lilt.~tla:\llli.l.11j1\)~\.<D~l<!

1~~t~1\!k~I~I'lt~~{,wtfttift

lot,a~1\~Pbl~lTt~'ltt:fu~'P!~~l~~U(.~l~

'ell~'-Jlt'l'.'1I.'0filili~ltft~~~llo1lil,;l1)a:",",-II«~~\}>~Ita:lj)\}'\}'~Inft\}>..\~lt'It.~

\Y1t~-Ie~lh:rJliL'lt11«ta~,\l!1i1c'J6,-I~~ftU'lohlYTllt1t.~1i

'I!lit})fi1{~ItTl\.llilitQa:\}'l~~nltLi11~WPQ:~\!>Ii

-1'tl"H'tlh:lhJla:~h!i>lP~l><l~"h,lo'tntllt\}>""lt~\}>lJ\.<Dfi!lh.

"tt}l):.\eRPo~lJltL')U'1}'}'I~h:f\1.51::1F1i'tlfth.l::llolJn~lhtJ:~

~IcFII«!It."M\thl~1l'~"ll.k~.ln~ijol-h\}'rt'{fa'tlli

full.I~h~li'@\Pljulcll«~~l1'lll.1..\}>It-~ltllfJ~1.'il!It

'~!lt2~1~~el-lt.!l1?:liLln(:'1l«Ci~\Ill\;'~clGlUa\"1-'-I;:/:"'V-~I-b~"ctl::f<lhlla:lb~ll!t11::"~tI)~'I«lltl"W~ll«l~h1li

.l::Qa:U'.lhf;la:IJ-~~?~J'@ijowJ..ft1>\}>llth.~~~hll<tIJL'!ltl'L'lflla:

felW!Jl...U.?\)'~0\):Ii~lb)k\~tal}i~"'\J)')~l~!Phll«:

lttP.b~l\(:'{llj~ftU-J-lI~ltPllilF>'itl::\¥h.cw.1n.11~t~

!ltlljLlll«fu~.r~"'t~~~lJ71.ta:Ullt~"'I't1!:Ut.HU-"~~

~1n.~ltla:1~Ut.\.e...v~I"M~lJ:'~tkl'ceh.1~l~lltt:~tJ~"r-

1~1oM.l'ibJbJ

'tl<>1n.~lt~'11>'oiIt~'eh.'''''t*

ijo\)~I~bl"'ILll~l\.lClillo~bl~\}>

..11>1c:l61l::Ut.'lo~l::1«"'1:lS,lll(

~·~th.Uoillelb'tt\~lt~ell.

~,nH,~111'~t!1~e~~ell~

lli~,tnl~.f;\}>\)b\IlftItKWloti.

~1c",IlIIjRl\~lr\.PIjl!:n.l:ll.

'f)'~\}~e~

"~!ltta'tI>IPll>llolt~11'Jel?ltl(.

t~lth~tp'Polllo?~U-elljlt

full.F\l\'~lt\>..ti.,~f\lt'Il!lllo

112lt''tll.Rlt!ltlhlYlat;~t~PIj~

-llill:,IllIllbll'fltflell.l<!'lll'l'

!1t.lt1n.~»11t..""1~~lel\;~I<l

~\}n'l~'1~»1~fillll.,!ltlll<ll1<.

U'flolVol~bl:lcll!~1l::lftl"lIe~u\}>

lltl!>U'~1'l~"'~.!lth:"Pijo~'J)I)flt'tblPl"Pl:R'tl6,~~L'l:~I~

'~~I~~hItli't~I~tIlt.

ll>l!\}'\Illlilll&\}'It~~lr\.~\}>H

\.),R1::1~I~fc'\}>'IJ:IQ\}I.lla:.

~,IlI!»\}>~h.t...1bljI"'\}i.l~fc

llo!hJI~l::~Ith~\»'Wkll'J

"Ibi-'10U''')\.lb11lllfj1l1eII«,...

..~l::L....\P'\~"pleI\;'''l'Clh.~llao

'w')lol.,.ksl>~"\}n~..~Ith\}'\}>,

!ltelliltf<lll.('\1\l"lft}.'f<lll.~..lt.

fill~'tPl:\fiI'tlli·1l!.Ila:lo!ltlblr\.ll:

~.k.l(~Illii1~'lIe!It''ltt~,~

l~lth~\}>~1i3'W~'eltli~1'J

,IlI~~1l'1::100lla:I¥lVi'W'~1I

Ilt~t-h<>\}>~l'le\):li~»lltlt'b~,ft

l~llS~1~1"~\}n'l~~lle\1:IU'

l~l\>~~Ili,..~'tl::l~l~1«

~hlPl}>f<\ll.!ltl\£~,~1101""li.eh.

'J)t1::lo~"1"~Y\~I!:l!bfuh.

~lolh\jo'~1'tfn.~~'1~

1l"tlcUtJ~e~elallt..R'1~'~lla'~.~J~

-1\l1~H:'tt~W:\!!,..!ltl"~1I1Klh~!1l'full.\}l~h...'II>'1.,1<-l}1:~~,~Ullo}lllt.'lbU1~1t:;;l\';e'la:'lhk\}b,~oh.,,,.,,,,,7~P.lt,~tU',]l!ltetJ:11t.V{<'Ill.~1«..~'I~l~~~~1::R\?l::~\}>~lftl:>I~~'i'0bl~tIll"

w,I1;J~~Ll«fJlt1..\}ow"'IR~'''}Illt1::ltI:lBt~~l~h.lfJ\}'J~~?l:f!"?..£~!m.tl«~0-;;n..,Ihllil(~~l>Ml:>ltltPVilOll.'tll.'Il~ella:.hl~tin!>l~?~Ill?6\\\.?lB10

lltl".bll(\}'Wlh.~lt~ll.-ll>thJ"~,..I"PH1~1t~t"»1~l1'1~}ltl\llktkl:m.:~!>1~~'l\h

I~"'ll«1~~1«Lla:('\llfJ"·~~11tv..LI«\}'lJb\/litI)-Ill/It'Yik\fllfl:~7~l'i?oJl.\fulltl(,~lPliP

1::lt~1J:o\ll~bl't.!lftLl«ltl~lcI:~liaJoIe,fiilt\yf#~-l~t..Ill~:~1}y~n(llt~:0hl~\.11:11:>.\}'~ICJ~lltl(/IDItol):1::hl:"lIlti'\\Il~\rJ1n.I~'i\!!PoI\.'~'e,..~Ik'~1:....,1:..

~lt':'Ilf7\6\.Cllltlt"IClltn~'tIlf;~1l::\Jf.H~~'flbtifltk\lkl:1...bIK'!J"'~\lh<>!h)hl6'1!1j-,'!".hll('~loI>!~~briiU.IVIl>''11Il~P!'l'Il;lfle:ljelifelll.lS,~l(,0hl~~1);\b~?~Iii?H'~kis>~1~JIt~Il>'lIl't1"~V\\~~.Ij,hl6lhl:l};th.\J-Il«.~.''tl,f#~~!It?l!;!ltl~llIllb"ll~'!]':J1ll:}:oUt\):>~I~I""llilt'Ihkfflc\J-Ikl:,WIt\}of;sc\fUr\Tll.1"\T\}1l'la%lfi1~IH!1a:1....~k..1r

qS6!tt::CIDrql~..0INI.0...y••HI

'~'tl"~1iftl~1«t:Uol>(\}'

\1>\}I.\TUnt'lt1~U'h..'ilit\»

'Iln!~h.{It~ijoo~IfCl'-'£Jl.

~!ltl~l:len·~\I\}1llGto.tla:

'Ih'l:l~h{ltDU'0\fu,..\.~\h

!ltl~l:l~1"'\}I.\I\}ne:ft:lttr>,~

·Iln~~h.~ltf)l}'.~l>

0\ITa,..H\}i!ltfcl}D_,~H

cl,,\}I...\T\}nl..'tkE>U'.~)a~Ir-

-:Yilt",}D\tlfc1~ll.

~'ltlt~U'I~'ll!~~Ih.\')

h.I<l,~lt~"P1>(\l'1"Plh\T1}o1::~

mllll<!:.tlJ:1j~'~I«l\:t.t~lells

881

-=~.~

~=-

><E

c:.-a

ii=a:>==~

CQ

.:=1c:x:l

Q

,~~~

g:;~-

<=><:>

s:~

.~~~~'~

-"J1'H

'-

;rr,r

~'l;~~

lSi~

't;~

'C'-;!)

!!:~~

3i{;¥'~

Toro~,e

.S;,;;:~~~tSi=t:.""

....~C;;

~t;;l~;';1:~~;;

~.'"~

...~

c;;:!~

'f1I~

'l;

~~

lti'r;;;.tl9

q:'.'I;Ijf'

",-

R#

t;;r;r

~{

"~~

,-,.

ro,

~..:;;;

..,~s:

M~

;:!!:Ii

.r;:;17

....JS

)"

,fR~~'~~

'-ro~

-""

~)0

'if~

Fj

"''''~'''-1~'~r:

tT~

f -C;;;

j;~G

~~~

;.I

S;

;tfib'

~.;

~ro

WAli~

ttif~

,~

fg'~

-'0~

W

~~

~~

fi..

,;s<)~1fJ'5~

i;t

,,i~

;CfS4~ri

1'~~

~if

ITM

~s:'~

;r...,r'"

;rc;;:

'C'i,'S~c:;c;;:

'fS

'"c;;:;;r

~<f,'1:;r

~

~'"

.JIrI

'~'i8

.-

C;;;-

-•

~-gPr~/Sl

,..r.t

f'$>"ii

;;lIi'~

::.,.....

c;;:t!

'"_

~N

if~,~,<j)

T;

.~if

E"~

s:-

:;;e

:sf,-

if!!:

;Jj'E"

!.:~.

~~'~

~;r

:Dr.r

_~~~~3'%

~~tJ<;;i~IT

I1f~

g?tr,tif

~~~;R

i1=t:~1:;g;

;\'F..~

.:'$~

T~

'~T

if%q;

~,<j)~

,'_~~

;<;?;

R'I;

tr.T

ioN/Sl

;r~

';r\ii

C;;;";rC;;;

,..~

r,;"t'!

.iE.

r'f1I;;T'f1I:~;~~"><ISI~JW

=t:~rr;;;;;'1-

;r~;Jj9;\~

~~;:r~:;;$"::;

TW

""if..,

II'"ro

'if;r~

.-•

,iii"''''

_'C'~;r

....",,~~/Sl

"'~"

IT

?",O:~f"&;;~-

'C'!'!

~ro~~~

IT?"J.:

Nf -if

ro/Sl~

'::'r;:

'if~

;;;~

.r,;f;c;;;"",~;Jj;u.N~

;:1""?

;'....

rR1u:~P.i;;;~r,r

~=~S~§:~~~~~~fT2~:;;~~

~~'C~,!~S:N~~~

E";r

;r(if

;:!.

;r~

t;:..zl

2:;;'

....;r

§:if:r

!!'£

:::.~

'5;f"

Tf

ri1jj"

'51~~11'"

if~ig_f;f".:;lTlS~~~I~~~~i~

_f!

;r;r~

-f!~

iVl!!!:::

-s:;rO

fI:!.

to'

("(

...~

fn:M

:C~.

TJ:

't'""

0:'>0~.~

.t:!l-c"

:;:q:r.r;

2:_

-7

'~

-'ir

_iT

~"'~rc

~~_~;rv_-

';r~to"V:rl'~

't'~~if'i~,..'t'w~~;\~~

~IT~

~l'Cv'5'C;;;~i"IT:i1~;:

:Dc;;;

'""ii:_

.6,~

-,..

=t:~

;r'5~'

f7'

'';I?Iic;:

lSI~

W~

,..:a,!ISi~""~~iJ~~~~;r~~~~

'!1f

roif

p,jC;:r;r~~~~-T"'~;r

2:!

!/O

-"t'!;rfif

~~~

-'%=~~

..,;~

5'_

E"..

'"JoI

~.~

(Fj~:

ifu:

'C-

--

~'1

r')•

-..::Y

-fT

;;;.~v-""

~"'_

7''C

'N~"'''t'!

E"~-~~

r;rr,r"'·

r;r'5'

~JS

)_

;rS

;r~

....~

.:

"".t'IlJ''t"l~.,;.,_

(W'C'

~~~

o~ro

s:;;;'5'

~-

....f!Y

',_:IT

ro,_

fiN

Nt

rfT

;r;:r

'"2.:

't'_

r.r;to

''"

-ro

,..%'if~-~;r;r-

=1

~...

-wro£if=t:rITT~[""-~m~~

_'Cot::

..,;r~;r~-I!!:

_~;r.

".?

;:r-

y5

''C'

-if:D

;:..,;;:

%~,a

:Ml~

;rif

:c'~;r

IE"

:0;;;

;;

~T

Nro

'$is'

I:~

%1-

IK~

IfE"

=t,"

~$

~~

:l!~.,,;

~/Sl

~~

(;jrs.~'.~

1jj"~~

u:~~~

'i~~

r.~:~'-.)I

~•'if

ifto

'rt'Ii{JQ

~~;r

~~

;r;:;

~15

a~~

m:;

;r.....;:;

;;,..q

_~

J'J_

-....

~-

$'~

~fIJI

,_:D

'"~

r-

"~;;~~~

~Y:~~~'!i~~~~~~~&~~~~iNq:,..~~

.,,,_

..

."."

_..,

v,..

;:r'"v

_T.v

'-".

T~

-...

:ITff~

_.;r

ITP:

~~

~~.-

C;;;';;:;;;

to'~

(WE"

i9~

'1~

IT:

;r--

-_

~C

;;'oj!9

::l;

d'"

..E"!!:

q:e

'".....

:IT;r

'"",~

p,j~

'C'!

Tg~~~:o;

:~fA-~~

;;;rr~c;;;~",=t:~%?"U:~IT:~~

....~

....;r....

I'(lI";:;

'If",:

ro~

iV.-

'9'....

"".

c;;:,..

;;:=t:

'v...

-....

IT-

:c-

;r...

u:....,;:.'fJ

\~}'"",_

if~

':S';r

c::2if

:0;131

,_-

s:~

:;k

'!~

'{~~~%

~c;;:~

;;_

....'if

~...If

._Ii

:;:0;

<:~

:£IT

:I,,::

~,.

l'Jl....'"

fA;r

6I!!:

's:irr~

;;'~~

!!:q:?"

-,~!:

TtSi

'!I,..;r,/5l~

-/5lfis:

q:~

'C~,,,"'5'$IT~

i....

~~r.>Y~?

";r-

::~

IT:

..,lsi

S:;

t.:;;~~

_;<

r,rc:;

:ITrr

ro_

S,.

_:;:

'::;.-~

rc't'~

1-.'::;I'a

'=t:'%

.::IT

5'-~

-;r'~

="

~-~~~

;r,o,

vif

__

(ifif

~ro

if;r~

c;:::>~~

'ift;

if;r

~-

~:;;

.,("(~

r;r~

=t:~

51~

is':

''Ill;;:rr

~';..:IT~~';;:~&~;ra;rifif;r~~~;r,.,t.ll

~c=<¥

~~;jp~

tU-1>~~

if''f!)~;;O~!?:x:~;;,s~

~~

,~.~

i~·9

'~s:;;.

a"~

r;~~

f~

;\1l,,;;"":'

-t:i1q

:,'C~ro~;;;

ffT

r:rs:....."Jt'

-'§ol!!:

;:;~

~~

g;,..

't"=t:~

S,.~

;rJ~

s:-

~~

~,.."'"

~~~~~k~~~""~

<;:~

..'~

.-r.;;

r'C''!~c;rif~&~~~

~%

T....

;.wz;~·W

if;r

;:>('#'-("(~,.~,.,

~~~

Wr.>Y

~~~,~

~~

~~~

'if~

r.;;t?f

.;!!.,[

if~

#~

("('e

Ii~~

':S'~

~~T~.

-~~~-T~-~~»~

~N-_

~~ii

r~M~

~~~~i~~~

~,~~

~;r~

'f'i

~'t;

,_~

i;r

~_

M~

•';!

~~

;;i;r

f;f?"

~ro

~~

JSl•s:

;:'J~~

,_

~'5~

edi

if/0

•'U

=t:,;;

"'.;"_lS

I~

ro,,";:r;;

~iV

'"•

~~~~

T_

R1:,:!.

iii~

m'

Ii:r:~:D,~~

'tl)~

J~s:

~~

;:'J~~;r.~~~~iff;fm'~~~~~

_,~

ro,!;,

P.i~

'?J}~~'~

;:i

r.;;."

"~~

_~

if!!;r

(!

../Sl

•'J<J"F

lSic;;:

;Jj'....

P.i

;;,~,_

~1i5J

ri':

~r;r

•ie_~5~~~~~~~~:D;~T""

:~~~f/Sl

I1i~~

C;;

t;~

0~:Il

i,-

~or

'f1I~

rr".'-

::r1;r

'111..,

".,lC'v>'I;:~c::~

;:;;r::r1n"'I;:>lc::~;r-

~'-

<;1;;l

;:rc:::

.....~

;[;_

-""'~

--

~~

",,:>l

:if!!:~"

;:1:;::

(.>I

..~

-~~~

~~'i

7?!!.

~~~

;;'"

,~'~..,

~~

-<jJ

)<lo

.....;rlc';

-_

-.

__

'!I--

"I

.-Jc;;:

'S;IT

if'S

f)~~

lbI

?if

~;r~~

?;%J

ifif'~~

'~ro

'~rr:

o\I)

~

".~tiq:

~,!!!:r;;:;r'!l'if"'''''lt;:

~~

ot::;r..,;J

'V;r'~

(£~

""r;:J

'f1I;r

C!9;r

S;:r;r

"'if

ifP

rj·if

'II_

(£IT

/S

l:l';

;ll

;S~

~lSi'~

~~~

.'t"ltj§:~

fl~

1~

;r.~;:..~

a;~

[ro$

g;::if

Ri

;r;>

(-

IT';;;~

;<;iT

,_~

Of

,..~

I'C't;:J..

....IT

T~

....if

~.;:

N,

s:.,:-,,"-B~l$

c;;;S

)o

ItI".I/Sl

].a~~~~(!.·~~'CS#~!~"'~'%

,.t:l2?T

.~~~

~rc~

}T

'"if

C!9q;;

~4

>,%

if;rr;.;r

'%-/S

l'fi$r,;'1

1r;r't

z~

~q

:_...,~~

_....~

ss~~

C!9'ii-c"~

<)l~~~fT,..".t;:;t!!:

-~

rl"t'!I'.i~

a;r

:;'';oj

q~

'z?"

Ii,~

z;>

:}~

~Cl!l

~if

•;j.

r;r~

'j~'...

Z~~~

;r'II

_

::;»IT~

ifif

,.,;;n

--

~~!

!-;;~~

':~1".:;

V1'Ir,t'

i~

'f'~r

'f~

"!'i

~lSi~

~'!.

;:~

(if~Ii

1:;

2:i::~'*

.~,~

~i

~~

~C

#;~

~c;;:

';t'%''ir

~~

,'f(,.;,

9';:;

'lr=t:':0

".~_~

ri~;<~?

~'i;'~';r~'~~::~~

1'~~{~~~

.J!;r£~~;ri;~";:

~~~~~~%~,,",~.~

~E'~~""ro

~~:

....}

t:i;r

~e

'Cf

_'~~~

r=t:

"._~

ro~~

-:7-

'"~

~(if~

-r;

'".fT

;;'t;

~?

!itil

...JS

)~

I'C'

..,,,.:

giZ

:r~~~

""~

:::c:;

'f1I~

fT;;

f}'iro

is';

(if~~

~~

;r~

=t:w

.:D~

-....

q:r.;:

,;:r,~fT

Ii-'

j;)IT

fA~:

~,~

~.3l

v,£;r

f'G~

g;';r

..,lsi

:;;"'"

R~

~~

~':fI

rJS)

~''ir?

"if_

~ft~

'!:f~;r~

if~.$~

/Sl;:s'J~

!;:;Ii'~

'i~•

r,rliV

.~{r'

•~

_f

ri;;

r.;;:;:

<;;f;f~

%~

!!:;;:~~~~

%;\q

:.,_;:

i'~;:r~

~?"-~~

:::;;,-

;r~

..IT

;;'~

f~-

rr:;Iio

if....

~~

'it5l~;$

~'iii'

§:~

~~~

'!'r!

~r;r

,'t'~

_~

,~~

'Sf)

;r~~

~x-

=t:~~

'if:..,

/Sl~

;;

'"'t;~"..

r-~

:;:r;r•

)a_

-"tf:if

...,'5'

:r'"

'C'"

,-c;;;

lSI~

...t:r

"r.>

;r;r

0;r

c;;:~

-t'IlJ

~-

I!!:-

C;;;a"

~....

-...

•-Z

~,!~

~q

:::~

.:~

~U>9~

y-"=t:

'iI!9

S;;~~

i-~~

;;t~

']:'~'C

.-~~

0lSi

.,y&rw

'~

~%

~:r~~

";;lr;r

is':~

~~

if

;;a

~~

c;;:~:t

It'"•

_v

;;;r

".._'~

~;r

':I>T

e;;

~r;:r

r.r...

-r.;;

;r...

a,,-

If"a

--

;;,?"r.;;;l'"

a;;l

--

-..

'"fA

_c:::.

c;;:C;;;

rY".

..

"~...

if...x.'"

~:if_

-'II

'i;:"

r-r;:~

-t

ITor~:r

0r:r

fT.~

aif;r

~....'i

~.'C

.~0

':;('C),.~

,!!:<

V=t:

;.JIll;<;

rw'

.._

,~Zor

'"~

~oM

'~i'>:

~~'

t'"...,

:Di's:

~~~

wr

Te

;r:IfAl

';....

if!!.

q:~.

~....ro

~~

,~~~~»

'Jfif

..><..~

•~

't':!:

O~

IT~

.""']!$~

0:'>0~;.;=t:

':;~

q:.;::c:

.~~

iV'C

ffi~

;,~

NS

!!:R;;;:.

~:E

_if~

r'

/Sl~

if'5'

~_

II'".~..><~

;S;-~

-IT

.~0

~C

:;''ir~

~fit~

3?

N;,>r

f2

1..

....-

f"r

...-

';i:;r

;r,.,

".(W

c;-;>

I'T'"......-

_.,.....T

'iJ'to

:>lt'IlJ

r,-

s:..><

..."..iT

Tr

I,.""

"fT

-""

;.~=t:

I~

S'IA~~

I'};

~~

I%

':;;'~if

I~;;:

ii'iIT

R'i

~%

if~

I~

fi~''ir

I'i5-~

I:#

~~

~#

Ir;r

c;;:if1-~

~I'i~

iI

'f~'~~

~

~

788 'N.'AM O"N'ON 7th July, 1950

~. ~~<t c:«~ ~~I:MliJ\~Ir\cW(fl, ~~~ ~GU

(N~I!lrt ~f~tll.{\ <tl'~b ~~~~!tll ~c(\11~ (U. ,'t <r.!1tml ,~~.rtl 'I.)l Vl'ti~ 3 "I~ ii1~I~~t1'\otl al-alli'.{\~ ~C'/'!I{.{\ !lIlt''''''"'

~.~ llUl~.

('1.) ~Mlt~, (,) ~':tl';(l

l<tI'ct, (3) "l....rt~';(l ~~l!l{,

(y) ~·lQjl. (~) '1~~,.~.

~~. ,~l;tll~ C\"lct~~ ~~m<tl

»jlllt.~'{l <f\·fdl ~,

r\l~~m.{ ~tWI\~

)t~"l

"'1~Ii!J~tll:f ,,!!~nc-tQtllf ~~1~.~

~oo~ ~ ·\(:ql~l

~~I~l 1:l~ otL illli -tq

"te'..1 '1':l{I)l

\:lll\Cll\ ~\~El Et"t·m

'IL~~' t (:

UU~"l 't~l; ("'tl"t~-n

iiloll Q't~) ~f't\U ~l/,l "at6H ~ ,

:b('~<t "tl~<1

~'l ztlt1ut>t "i~syr(\l bEU ~t'4't

Cit" ""Iti',(ll 'It1!',~ :z(l:.l ~'tlfl

l'\"1~1 ~~';( (~~\t{1 ~1i!1~1I'1 ,.1,oil 1I'W\1l'\ (~:tIJI~I"1 " r~:t'11

~·~6.fl fl'tl'\ l ..

r~:t!ll~. ~r~ll~lt1 '1~"t trt::l.{\:.t ~1"'r\1

" 0

Clo flfldian Opinion'P. Bag. Phoenix.

~li~1 ~~~ ~UUU

~L~~ ;,)\~ ~dl clU~­<\~~ aiil~tl 0Ul.~ b{l~

!lc!.a[!r ~~!I\ ~ {t~!r~~.~\ d~~ ')t~u. it~ai

~ deu ~~ ~~51-t\ ~c!.~

~l~~ ~\~ !rl~d ~!m

~n. )(-~.

Books For SaleTagore's Literature

Essay., Novel., Poenu aud Playa

SAORIFIOE (Novel) :iGORA (Novel) 9MABIII (Novel) :;LOVER'S GlET (Poem.' _ 3OHITHA ( PIsy ) aBTORIES FROM TAGORE (Short Storie.) 3

BTRAY BIROS (Short Poem. ) 3RED OLENDERS (Play) 4HUNGRY S1-t INES AND OTHER STORIES 5THE HOME AND THE WORLD (Essay.) 6GLllIfP8E8 OF BENGAL (Eeley;) ,aREMINISCENOES [j

POEMS OF KABIR 3POST OFFICE (Pl., ) 2THE KING OF THE DARK OHAMBER ( Play) 5

eotcdnaolo 170m:

~.:Jndian. Opinion'p.]Jag, phoenix,

j(afal.

-6

oo66Ii

IioIio9

6!}

6o

'\ .'I ~

I •

~..

I ncZirul. @pinion

'P. 13"g,'P1s.oenix.

~ 0 il.1~ <tl~\! 'l.~ .. ~1l{''1\">\ ~i\fi!:1 ~.;

'I a ~«. tlltu ,~ .. ~~l~l :&11\" 't •

'\ • lot_~~ ~\~~ '11>\ \-1,-3-'li.

'I ~l~l ~111,"\~d "t{l :na" I ~l il"'~ ~. '\ 'I •

~nrtl ~c't

"Urt~IOV C.~>tL-I

'l(U~~l

:l"I1'lt ~~t -nrct>ill

ll·o\u\ )&QU« ( ...i~l:l)

~~ rotfi~1i/J

~~<tlot ~\~

~G)'~Cl ~~~~

1:J~(1ill ~>t' ~'n ~~ 't1\!l'U.1g

·t.I~ li~rt~ ,~'ct 'NICl~ ~ t:<

~~ql~l! '4'::ltl3l

'41~ I ~lt . ru~'; 'U~~

'tltlh'l I- :U'l'~ClI~'~'\(o

I,... \ \3\C:' 'aH:

~-t~lttl~

~ll""-t ~~.\ u"l\,

~.~ l!l. "l\.

Ul~ " ..~ (. ~ .. (. \-'1\ '1-.~ f~..(\ (. II ~ :u C: \-'t. '1-'\,~«\ ~ " 10 ,~ \. \~vC:' 't-\\~Ill \ .. " 'l\ ,3 " \-v(. 't-H~'~1Il " II 't~ ,V H. \-Y\,g '(-'.3~~ H II ,~ ~'t \3 \-v\ "'-\V~l -\.3 II \ll :U \V \-Y\t ' Y-,'t

\0 ~ \\ Cl"~r\' Ullll'i&' :~Q\3 ~~ll~l ~t.

.!rlllct \:3/- !n:~fCl' 'tl. \-0-<:ow • '~'i.O Cll4.~"'\ l>lI<l\1l ~''l

~ ~ \'t ~~ll~' ~t

6t~·Cl 't,. \4-0

H ttl" cttt'-tl !iCl!r ~Cldl lll~

~I& ~~~ ~«t~l~l ~l

!1l{(\ w/-.. \'t

't "

~us :tllll~Ql

\a _~,ft ~1!1

~lyit'~Uqd\

~~ \~~I\ll' \-~~~, ,\q ,

~c!. tl{\ft1,ft '\'t •

~~l\ it'tUqd\

" ~~!il ~l ~n, 'Utlt~lot\ (Il«l~c!..n '\" , ~

. ~~'trtl '4.l~1 ;)l~.sl ~''!!

"WlllI';\ >tl~ ~~~ ~lett ~ltlall~l U\\\t"lIf~ll:t "l~l (-111')

111>tl'\ ~ 0 Ulll1ltlunt",un~i(\ 'tli\l~l ~ , ~'ta sua~Ur~ntto{l tt~l 'li 0 ~g\-n 'Uth~r"'=!l IItIHlI'" "3 ~'rl O\ult~H llIt:t letVl 'I .l(A,

~l!.tii. "~~l 'l '\I\WlrlloO i\llotll\

Q\1~IClct 5"1~1 3 . \ Obtalnahle From:

:Ol~:t ~(~l~' ~l (Ilt~1 , ~ aYlti lJnrUan @p'inion",)t(\'t~ ~,">\i 'tiat '{i~ lilet)l p. Bag,~. ~(1t~ ~t.{\. "0 ph.oenix, .J'1ataZ.

\ tJtlUl (3"q~l~[l ~:Ut{\~Cl~l~l l}il<l\M~ ~'£~ ~~ll :b(t~ ali..., ~l...~i "t~I~t lr~l·

'tllq lq;(l~\~l ~t ·~I".l ... ~... , 0

~Illi 'li:ll. ~({h·.lUl!r ll(,l-t

-t'I-tl :ll.:{\~1 ~.

: I

7t~ July, 1950 I N D I A N 0 PIN ION.-...;....;,~~----------.--------------

f<ltlL'Il\! "l~rl llWHJ,{l ,tt' a ~~ :lJt~ <1~ \~nrl Q"trl llWll 2>tl ~lllli~16~\1r{\ 1t~1 i>l. ~tl ll'H 'I{~i -n~ElI 'l{i~ ~~\l 2>t1~ :1(1611 llU!l (UlllJl'llm) , 0

~otJI' :lJt:t ''tt<{l~. ii\ ~~bl 'I~I 0"11I'1 ~M 't~4\ ~1'tJl 'I. ~:t "V~'){ \-3, l\Cl'\~ \l, 1J(\t' It . cu,ch <I 0 ~:(\~tl I!I

~«rl 8"trl «'«lll ~~ :fit' ~ a ret~(JI<1I.fl c"ClI (,) 'l'll" 'llctl!'~l c(ol lt~-tl " 0

\l\llll '+--'W ~llll. ,11 , et-l\91tll " 0 '1~<.f1 )(ltt ",..

'ti~'l{\ a " et, \ ~, ('!l~ =tlqtt) '1.0 'ttc(l~ I!I f;:3lclllr-n !II'~<l , · >1lcfllt ctl'l.OUIJl fill\n O\llll\l~ 1-n~ud ~1;'!111 ~l~ \.!J 'l.rl"~ll\ IU:llrl ~lfA\ .lot ll.lll. ~c(l~~ ...llI.«"I.lilEl illll.oll~ H ~l.ll "'1~1 I(~~lr 't~fi , • ~~. It • iloil'ltdl \ ~1~~ll:l11 rEetl (,)jet,:l{") "~~6l>{l~' It • ~\~ll ~-un~ ~otl ,>\'€\~ f;: ,){I~ltlfl~~6:il~ ~ • \

~llll , , \ ,ut"llJ '0 ~~::t ~11.51 f;:~l.n~ b~\la

to~ , \ t'lt~d1 f;: 0 ~(~!ret (<tWI ,-J,-a) 3 , ....3 'l. f;: li!~1 ,6\1\ '1.0 0 ~11'lttl<11 ~~ ': 0~uR.~ "til - "'l~'i "I(l~'tl

·uutlriill~ G't'll){\ ~~<llt" -y 'I. f;: '){lo1c(\.{l <tl.'tl~ H ~~leti cU~tI\ " \

~~lr tJ{l"!1 II • 'It ~ '){Illlc(l ~'~H " \ "t,d1=t '>ill(l<ll \9

:il'!1..

\ ~ ~ltll't~ " " r:l{'~~l' ~<tI1 (lliln~ct) H 0.. lit •

"'lln~\~ , , I!I ~ ,)j'J$l't1<l <tIPI , \0 0 l:/~Ul-t ." 0

=ltlltt't!- ~i\lln " • ~\("ctl 'l\!l't«l r~';tlEc(l " \ r~,~ \{\lll iIl!1 {f:l<tll~L ~n"l"l ~\~

~~b 'ti"l.~ II , EI;}al i'IlI iir!tofl·t(.!, '{ 0'tIW,4\ ~II, \4 '!olclllr-n "l 0u <:Il(\~ II • €l-tl11~ 'to 'ij"l.<fI -tll~~i ~aI\''''l("n<lott ~lIltlr;t1 !"{ 0 l~, l~""ll~l~S\11ll a 0 ,{lIn 'moil U<tl.U ¥

:lH.l'llllll E~'~l Udll\\~ '\ 1Jl.C.1,,'\lI'tliill t3 !!\,j'tctili~ 'l.1Gcta:lnacZo (jtrom:~)1I~::J1 Qlpl l. 0 ~'\ ~~ tlot't

'INDIAN OPINION' !.:''\-l. ~"'\'l ~ ~lJle.t.l!! ?;H~' :

P. Bag, PHOENIX, NATAL.hI'>\ c1>jI~ ~ c/o INDIAN OPINION,l!::C(C1 ~ \9 0 p, Bag, Phoenix, Natal,

~glJl.'lt

r"l.tll~"tl

~"f&~

:lfIH'ijrwt'ij

.{l~'1"tl

~'I( ~:ttt (~<ttIJI ~lil)

&'l 'It~I~

~lIr2111

~'\ljt *£)1'

!!J!.:'!.:'

utltl 1.'1",!HIl't'&i

'~'U~l ~~~l !!'c!.ll

"tUl'\I-l. ut:tl~nct ~lt\ ~:t b{\"" <ll,!'~'

I ~1'l(1!JI ~i~~

(hm'~'\)lll ~'Ul.

9t1~1:i ~I~tllil

~61l\Qtloll ll~"ll

ltl"t fct:lfl'li!ll~l>\{qlr,m

o. 'l(dI"t'''ihI&1:l ~~ltl

~'JI E{\al

~'I(Ic{\ :lLlll

I-Hdi

~l:i. ~ctiii\l

J1[\{)~t{\ ~llto11

'I( 0

:ut~l~i -tf:.ll ~~~l :&fICIn ~~l

" ·'I 0

rl"~!-l~l flttOf. t , 0"t i:!cto1 ~~Il{l>ji !IYI~

~~11~~l«ol ..tlln 't •:I 3 ~ "tl~"t'~otlbl\~al lll~!;t511 ~'U 3 0 C ,

\ll 0

::t~J r.~'li~~ 'i(t ~~ql>t (<:I~l"o{\ qc(l~lUll

" ·\3 0'II 3 "I.&liilt ~li\ 'lim) o1'tE!6tll " 0 ~l~o ttm o~ttl 'tl~~"cti"..E{\ to ·'I 0 ~~L 'q~q(\'ot 'I 3 1l10l\~l~n" 0

~llit'1l 1 •'I 0 iii 'i~Etl-l{I>;t1 'I 0'It 0

<lil 1.fll{1 llE<<:I11>t aI\';t -tQ~\!1 I't!-ta &'4'~1~ 0 'I 3 "{ 0

"Lid!:t{l~l otlotl'illlJ 'ilL 1- , It-n ..~ot ('!.Itll) '1 " It'l(olltt : l>\'oua-fi iidl61~a , a

'){c,\r1 ~~l\~l 'I. . 0rl'\E\~I, !lll\d c:/-a 0 ~'\. 'Ut=l '{~'>t 'I( 0 ~qot ~:(l~l~LUut.1", t!E~ 'llt't~~' =tl~a. \0/-¥ 3 ~\tt'1t ttl!i a 0 ;"H~IE 'I 'tl\tmG}1 <:I1'l-Il!!::lb iidl Hlt'\dl

'I( 0 <ttl~ct-tl 'ih li~~l ~ \ ~I~~lr" r{l({t \ 0 ot'tEUtU \o{-:t " ~~ ~~.ra ~tlr ~4tii\1 (. \ ~~lli.'1lq tl511, 'I( 0 €!~ '1L"'~:_ o.i""nrtl ~i~ <fI~l-n.~:t a ~I'fc-n ~'l{ 6ll.1 (-llqEl) c: \ !!::I'I'1 "'~'t. '1/-'If :«I~l"l~ 'ill. \-"{ :«~-n i . . .'Gl~ ~t!~ ~~etfl ~~ll ~~-(l:- ~1 <ll~1-n6d !:,)'t'i\ll 0 . MtGll :lH.~~~ ~ \t "~l{ ng~ \9 • \ "l.~'4

"f-\{ 0 ~1111~l , 0 ~~et \:!t\ ,<I I c,'~l{ .)(>{311 \ "

;ut!lIfi !idl. !t\~I1.'<1I'<1, "t,0

\)~l ~;h"l ('1ldl ~'a(~) \ " 61~ll <tl~I~ \0 0'l{~lt=tl~l ~, \( 0

a ~E('~l oU'I,j'IH 't ... 0

ut'Qlt It(ll~lt~l~"tl~.{l ~iull 3-0

~ tl~~l~l ~'?tl 'l 0~tt ~"U ~I~I ~I~"l

=t 0 !!,)j~ttl wli\ \~~l1L~·l4i.. • ,

~Et{l ~lll.:(l'3It'l(!e ~'t~Sl

~t".fl ,,~~r!\I ,

3f.M~. ~.0 1l:U~1l1 II · 'to 0

" 0 <>\i~ etlal \9 0~~l~~ ~'Ul.& ilF(I~..{l

~~\l't l~,\U.n o$l~:n

=t a U€1 'lfl~!I~1 El"~lGUllI. '\?i~\t

'\0 0~:tiq~1 QUllf. bClliil.ol tot (11 ~ltl '1.'1 .'9

'ill~l :ll~'I( 0 alr~:j:ttlf.a 'il1~1 t-~ :«Lrfi ,c: ~'4"\ll '1.'1. · Ull~~~l:n'l{l (li:1tt ".

~~ln~l W'~ '1M) It •3' 0 '~l(~ Qil:>t t-'lt .

'!ol~l-o{\ 'Indian Opinion', P. Bag,~\lll~ ~'-I\~l " ·'If a <: ,Qa~ l1~l\l ~lltl~& ot'ttt6ttl " I Phoenix, Natal

·".

7th July, '950

NATHOO TABHATIMBER & HARDWARE MERCHANT

& DIRECT IMPORTER •I

0001', Windows, Corrugated 1ron, Ccmtlllt,MOn'lTCh, Iron Duktl, Uuff.'\lo, nnd E1epllRDtIJran<1s l'amt or nny other Imilding matorirdat mnsor-ahle price.

______________",... 41(.·1_

\9 \

5 6

tn. '\ 0

NATHOO TABHA.

Phone 24647.

DURBAN.

~n. "'I(

~«l<tl'

~1~

~Q.n

~ ~ll )l.\W

r~:{~~

~LIt'd' ~l\l~\'

¢{q (ol~ (~«t!l)

6 II Filmindil1 English

KAPITAN'S BOOK AGENCY,189 Grey Street, DURBAN.

Tel Add. "KAPITANS"

Established 1907 t

107 Queen Street,

Telegraph II Mani/t

Phone 2341"

Ul'\!

2ll1\1l\

~rct(\\

ill~N\

~li

~~ ~1R.c4 'I(':l(i~1

\~Lltl:l ~l\l:l(l~ '1'~[~

'In<Ii:!, (English) I.!

Copies

[) reoorda 50..[) recorda 50:1.5 rroords 50J.a records S<N.3 recorda 30,.2 recorda 20:1.3 rt'corda 3OP.2 recorda 20&.2 rreortla 20.,':I re.lOrds 308.

5 reoord. 50~

3 recorda 30..2 renord. 20,,­2 record, 20..1 reeord to•.l'rt!oord IDe.1 reC'lrtl lOs.1 record lo..1 ftcord l~.

"TELUGll SETSKrlJhna PremaDeena &DdhunevalaBagyalall:ml ...Three 1l1aratueDheram P.tDIThiaganaMaioJokam.. ...SWllrllueema

Alhok KumarOblDthamaoi1'lruDeelakaDtarMy Wite

-KaDDaRl'ValmlklBhakt Gowri81n KaviMllIIomauiWs Two (DflIm~)

5 recorda 50s.S reoords 50,.4 neords 40".4 record. 401.4: reoord. 40,,­4, reoords 40,,­4. record. 40••a reoords 30,.a record. aoS.3 recorda 308.a ~ecord. 30s.a records 308.3 records 30,..2 recortll 20...2 reoord. 208.1 record 108.7 records 70".2 records 20J.1 reoord 10il.1 reco>rd lOs•.

RhabeedSehraParal AagMehaodlOilShamaRomeo JulietPanohlGolamiOhln·Le-Az:r.diNek ParavinDoctor •.• ~.

HamrahlNsrtaklJawan\BllheliBunrBapq·ni·Amar K.ha~iBapn·nl·VldailGown·ki Gorl

records of your New and Old favourites.early before we are sold out

TAMIL SETS

arrivals inSecure them

HINDI6 reoords 60a.6 records 60s.6 reoords 608.6 reoords 6011.G reoords 60a,6 record'! 60",5. reoords 50s,5 reoords 5Oa.5 reoords 50,.5 reoords liOs.S reoorl'ls 50".5 records 50a.

.... 5' recorda 50s.5 records 50,.

•5 recorda 50".5 reoords SO"Ii reoords 50,.S recorrle 501.S records 50,.

tatest

MeerabaiMeara8habjebanAnmo\ Gliadl'Prem 8aDgeetRattanChar DiDSbiksrlBhukarlyaMajabarKalalKhlclklGwalaoElanBegamMalaqall\DOOSII 8badiPehll Naz"JORon

LATEST LOOSE NUMBERSPaake] loIalllok. V.E. 2547, .250i, 2510, 2525, 2527, 2517 eacb 108.Aeit Barao, H. 1112 (R9jaoi Jhoom Reb!) ... ... eaob lOJ.K. O. D~i. N. 16560. 16646, 16502. lfi:i89, 16579,

1(\478, lliU2, 16922, 165ll-l, 162.29. 16776, 16711,16514, 16658. 16292, 16631 ... ... ... Nob 10".

Jutlka Roy. N. 16~62, 16702, 16689. 16628, 16929.16817,16786, 1 506~ IGfi25.16.5B3, 16302 ••• eaob 101.

Bhamshad Begum, a.E. <J018 •.. ... ... . .. elloh 10d.LATEST QUAWAllES

Panna QlIawal & Parti. H. 1408, 1208, 1267, 1:380.1378,1333,1168,1147 ... ....... eaoh 10••

Ihoo Qaaw~I, N. 839, 786, 905. !l6S, 99:1, 10.50 elloh lOt.

Pllckillg'Chllrge 2s, 6d. EXTRA

OBTAINABLE FROM:

D. Roopanand Bros.Music Saloon and ~ooksellers .

85 Vicloria Stre~t" DU~BAN. ,

PlUDe' 20707. P.O. Box 2524

7th Jnly, 1950,1

'INDIAN (JPtNIOM

LIFE INSURANCEAre you adequately insured?

Have you provided lor your dependants?Prepare for the future

Lile IDsurance gives peace of mind for the unllnoWDfuture. •

Iosule with ';T'HE OLD MUTUAL" your friend for Lile­The S.A. Mutual Life Assurance Sodety, wbich hal

best Bonul record in the WORLD.

Representative:-

DAYABUAI PATEL

1e\.3\.dd: ueharotartl 1~\Qphone: 33-9885.

MANCHESTER TRADINC-CO.LTD.­

ESTABLISHED 1923....-..--.....-...~"""""\,"lll............. ""'." ....v- ......Wh~Ie7:;i;s~f';'& Fancy Goods Merchants-&-

Direct Importers. '-..........,.......~"'."'I~J....~"""~"""~,~~~"""""'" ..., ...,',..

4 7. Commissioner Street,JO~ANNESBURG.

P.O. Box 1760.JOHANNESBURG. }

BUliuel1 33-0711Pbonel:- R61idence 33.5961

~'f DIAMONDS ~'If" ................•...... ""~

QUEQIDO/ DIAMOND CO~48 Walter Wise's Building,

4th Floor Joubert Street, JOHANNESBUROTel. 2:l1-3400. . P.O. Box 3417

"SEE US WITHOUT OBLIGATION"

DIAMOND SPECIALISTS9UR MOTTO: 'A SQUARE'DEAL'

PHONE 33-7944'

P.O. BOX 4889.TEL! ADDRE~8: IIARVIND."

SPR'INC80K COLLECEP.O. BOX 8243,

J 0 HAN N E S BUR G.New and up-to-date courses for Standards

VI, VII, J.e., Sentor Certificate and MatrJculalfon.Languages, Maths, Science, Physiology, Commerce,

History, Geography, Etc, "Etc.

1\LL LEeTURES DRRWN VI'BY EXPERTS_

Write To-day For Full Particulars.LOOK BEFORE YOU LEAP, BUT LEAP AHEAD

WITH THE SPRINGBOK.

~ HEAD OFFICE:409, KRUGER ST., LOUIS TRICHARDT.

PHONE 64.. PO BOX t 06.TEL. ADD: uKANJEE."

H. K. GOKAL,WHOLESALE

GENERAL MERCHANT AND DIRECT IMPORTER.,OUR MOTTO: "SERVICE THAT SATISFIES."

43 Market Street, JOI:IANNESBURG.

llot .3.3~Y'l(. iJll~~ ·U.t.b

~<{l~,l(l!l ~~'~I: "=ut~e(l~."~~ ~,l(l~:

Va~. ll~~~ ~t1~. ~~H~lvtll.

llot: \Y.~. iii I. U\t~~ \0'

'l~btl~!l i\~'~: "!ll~~"

~~.~. ~it~ut,-:;'~a~a q-u{l ::-

~~~a ~~~...~ out~ outl~ld !s~rll~­

¥3 ~u~'t. :t~t., itl~l.{l~ot~~.

.... , ......i .. ,o"

, "

• T:rt r11: '7th Iuly, 1950

",

BOOKS FOR SALEMY LIFE AND MISSION-Swami Vi1'8kaDaada 8 3

INDrAN STATESMEN (Dowelll ead Prime Mioi.tenWith Pottralta) 7

INDIAN JUDGEg (Diogrtlpbicel eDd orltical sketcheswl~h porlraita) 7

TEMPrlES, CHURCHES AND MOSQUES,_YakubHNlD 3 6

EMNIENT AMERICANS WliOM INDIASHOULD KNOW-Jebe70 T. Sunderland 11 0

THE KNIGHT ERIlANT-Sita Chowdhary 8 6

THE BHAGAVAD GITA-The Lord's 8oDg-(AD Englisb Translotiotl)-Aanlo Besnnt 0

WHAT IS WRONG WITTI INDIAN ECONOMIC LIFE?-Dr. V. K. R. V. Bao 8

THE U.K.O.a. AND INDIA-A. N. Aglrwala 6

OUR INDIA (Ohildren's storil!l8 by verioa! writers, ilIaltrated)-Minoo MlWlDI 2

COTTAGE INDUSTRIES AND THElB ROLE ININDIAN ECONOMY-Prof. Rao

BrrAW-WEL~KEYNEBON

STALIN-WELLS TALK (Verbatim Reoom) 8

GOLDEN NUMBER OF "INDIAN OPINION", 1914(Souveoir of ~bll POBeive Reeistuoee Movoment

, in S.A., 1906.1914)

THE DliAMMAPADA OR THE WAY OF. TRUTH

THE DELIVERANCE (A picture of tbo palpitating lifo\ \ of tho joint famll,) 8

SATYAGRAIIA IN SOUTH AFRICA-M. K. Gloadhi 11

SEVEN MONTHS WITH MAHATMA GANDHIBeing I1.D insidc view of the Non.cOoopennion

, Movemen~ (1921.22J:..-:Krienadl18 8

ROLLAND AND'TAGOBE, Let~of two em:ae~t writen 8

GANDHlJI AS WE KNOW HIM-Intimate and• delightful incidents by VIlrion! writers 8

PUBLIC FINANOE AND OUR POVERTY-J. C. KalDuappa 3

TALES OF BENGAL-Santa Cbatterjee Dnd Bita Cbatterjee 7HISTORY OF TilE: ~~IGN OF SHAH ALU~1 ,

-lV. Franklin 7

THE LIFE OF RAMAKRISHNA-Au uhstlllt.ive. occoaat oC the MlIlIter's woaderfollife-Romain Rolland 7

~DrAN STATES' PROBLEM '(Gandlliji'll WritiDge aDd• I I UUeraDccs)-U. K. Gandhi 10

FOUNDATIONS OF PRACE (Orl~ical !tady of thacondaions which precipitated ~wo world wars-K. T. Shlb 11

BAPU-llY MOTIlER-Manubchn Gandhi

,i

eoec:u'naoZ" f:r!om:

o6

6

6

oJ

o

o

o6

o

o

18

, q

oo

INDIA SPEAKING (Varloue COIItributioDB 00 economic,poUticnJ, oultlRllJ Bnl! 800ill problema of modUlI India) 15

THE HEART 0'" HINDU8TAN-8ir 8. Radbakrlabau 8

MAHATMA GANDHI (The Man~and his MilMion, aDenlarged and Dp to date edition of Gandhiji·. Jl!o.)

• -B1 variOD8 wrlter1 15

LIFE OF SRI RAMAKRiSHNA 16

SHAKESPEARE'S TRAGEDIES (Kiag Leu, Macbeth,Hamlet lind Otbello-William Miller 3

SOVIET ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHINAPacte And F.cte-8r.anley Powell 1

AMONG THE GREAT (Oonversation with Romain RolIaud•.Mahatma Oandhi, Bertrand RUlIIIeIJ, RabindrllutbTBKore and Sri Aaroblndo)-Dilip Kumar Ro1 1 6

TWO IUBTORICAL TRIALS IN BED FORT-AD BCCODnt of the trial.of ~he OffiC'eTII of Ulo J.N.A. 11

GUIDE TO THE FROBLEM OF INDIA-B. PBImO DlItt

WHY CRIPPS FAILED (DOC'Q.I:DeDted 1ICC01Intfrom &be. Indian Nallonalist point of view}-M. SabrahmallJBn 2

OANDRI.JINNAH TALKS (Tnt of OorrmpoudcnCll11Q~ oth~r relevant 'matter) 2

INDIAN SOIENTISTS (BiogriphIcal Skolt.e.beeoAll lIccount of their lOI!earohee, diacoveries and inventioDl

PRACTICE AND PRBOJIPTS OF JESUS-J,C.KamaBp~ 8

LIFE AND OOS~EL OF VIVEKANANDA-Romain Rolland 18,

WOMEN AND SOCIAL INJUSTJQE--M. K. Gandhi 10

GANDHIJl'S CORRESPONDENCE WITH THEGOVERNMEN'l' (1922-44}-M. K. Gandhi

THE STORY OF MY EXPERIMENTS WITH TRUTH-M:. K. Gandhi 15

aHRlSTIAN MISSIONS IN INDIA. '(Their place in lndia)_M. X. Oalldhi 6 I

STORY OF SATARA-Majof B. D, Bam, (1,11.8.) 15

GANDHI AND eANDBISM (A remarlahle atnd1 nrGandHi ,howing tha meth0d8 aa.d principlee,

VoJomefi I Bnd ll-B. Pattabhi Sitarama1J1', both

INDIAN OHRIBTIANS tBiograpbical and airJcaJeket.chrll of peete, pnblicillte or tho Ohurch)

THE STORY OF BARDOLI-Uatwlev DesaiNON.VIOLENOE IN PEACE AND WAR

-M. K. GalldhiTALES FROM SANSKRIT DRAMATISTS(The f.moUl ple,- of Bh_, Sildraka. KalldaBa, Sri Banba,

BhB~bhnti and Viaakhadatta)

INDIAN TALES OF-Fuo"..Folly ud Folk loreFAMOUS PABSIS ' t

o8

o

"6

o

o

6

6

6

o

o

o

o

"INDIANPI,Bag,

QPI·N·lONPhOen~~l 0 0Nat~

l'riDMd N1d publlallcd b, ~Ial N. GaDdr.\.I' 'phMllla. Katal.

••

l'

..oJ