south africa: apartheid
DESCRIPTION
South Africa: Apartheid. “Apartness” Afrikaan lang. Policy of the all-white South African govt. to separate, exploit, and dominate various non-white ethnic groups. Definition. South Africa’s Coat of Arms. 1948: National Election Racist, pro-apartheid party. Origins. Policies. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: South Africa: Apartheid](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050806/56816027550346895dcf2cec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Definition
• “Apartness” Afrikaan lang.
• Policy of the all-white South African govt. to separate, exploit, and dominate various non-white ethnic groups
South Africa’s Coat of Arms
![Page 3: South Africa: Apartheid](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050806/56816027550346895dcf2cec/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Origins
• 1948: National Election–Racist, pro-
apartheid party
![Page 4: South Africa: Apartheid](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050806/56816027550346895dcf2cec/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Policies• 2 racial worlds:
– Privileged white minority vs. black majority
• Wealth & luxury• standard of living• Euro society
• lived in poverty• denied facilities & opp’s (ed., housing, jobs)
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Racial Categories
European(17%)
Asians & Colored (mixed racial ancestry)(13%)
African(70%)
• Controlled: govt. industry ag. ed military press
• Held: skilled jobs secondary ed
• Couldn’t intermarry
• Denied: white neighborhoods white facilities
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Purpose of Apartheid
• Prevent black majority from gaining econ. & political power
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Results:• Blacks could not:
– Vote– Access education– Hold high paying/skilled jobs– Travel w/o “pass books”
• Blacks forced to:– Live on “homelands”
• Families separated due to limited employment
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Results:• Resistance movements:
– African National Congress– Pan African Congress– Black Consciousness
movement
• Resistance techniques:– Civil disobedience– strikes– boycotts– Non-violent demonstrations
Non-violent demonstration
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End of Apartheid?
• 1980’s: govt. began to extend rights to blacks
• 1986: reversed policy
![Page 10: South Africa: Apartheid](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050806/56816027550346895dcf2cec/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
State of Emergency (1986-1989)
• Crushed opposition via:– Mass arrests– Torture– Rigged trials
• Results:– 20,000 arrested
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Legal Progress
• 1990: African National Congress (ANC) legalized – Africa’s largest anti-
apartheid party– Leaders released from
prison (Nelson Mandela, imprisoned 30 yrs.)
• Brought about international attention
![Page 12: South Africa: Apartheid](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050806/56816027550346895dcf2cec/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Overthrow of Apartheid Govt.• 1994: All party elections
– 24 hour long lines
• Results:– ANC captured 63% of vote– Nelson Mandela Pres.
• ANC and other political parties created new const. = END of Apartheid
![Page 13: South Africa: Apartheid](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050806/56816027550346895dcf2cec/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Obstacles for South Africa
• Creating economic equality for blacks
Khayelitsha, Cape Town