Source Water Protection Program

September 2019

Reading Area Water Authority

Source Water Protection Program

Prepared for: Reading Area Water Authority

1801 Kutztown Road

Reading, PA 19604

September 2019

Prepared by: Spotts, Stevens and McCoy

Engineering and Environmental Services

_____________________________

Lyn O’Hare, Water Resources Specialist

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Reading Area Water Authority

PWSID# 3060059

Berks County, PA

Source Water Protection Plan Update

Table of Contents

Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. 15 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 25

1.1 Project History and Objectives ............................................................................ 25

1.2 The Importance of Source Water Protection ....................................................... 26

1.3 Overview of Source Water Protection Regulations ............................................. 27

1.4 Description of Study Area .................................................................................... 28

1.5 Previous Studies ................................................................................................... 29

1.6 Overview of Water System ................................................................................... 33

2.0 Source Water Protection and Public Participation ............................................... 35 2.1 Development of Steering Committee and Partner Organizations ........................ 35

2.2 Public Education and Participation in the Community ........................................ 35

3.0 Delineation of Protection Areas: Surface Water Sources ..................................... 39 3.1 Description of the Surface Water Sources ........................................................... 39

3.2 Methodology for Delineating Surface Water Intake Protection Areas ................ 39

3.3 Description of the Surface Water Intake Protection Areas .................................. 40

4.0 Contaminant Source Inventory ............................................................................... 43 4.1 Priority Concerns of the Water System ............................................................... 44

4.2 PSOC Identification and Evaluation: Non-Point Sources ................................... 44

4.3 PSOC Identification and Evaluation: Point Sources ............................................ 46

4.4 Continued Maintenance of the PSOC Database .................................................. 49

4.5 Land Use Assessment within Protection Areas .................................................... 49

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5.0 Contingency Planning ............................................................................................... 51 5.1 Types of Contamination Events ........................................................................... 51

5.2 Emergency Response Planning ............................................................................. 51

6.0 Protection of Water Supply Sources ....................................................................... 53 7.0 Source Water Protection Management Plan .......................................................... 55

7.1 Current Source Water Protection Efforts ............................................................. 55

7.2 Ongoing and Future Management Strategies Selected by the Water System ....... 57

8.0 Implementing and Sustaining the Source Water Protection Program ................ 63 8.1 Maintenance of Source Water Protection Program .............................................. 63

8.2 Short- and Long-Term Implementation Goals ..................................................... 63

8.3 Annual Reporting ................................................................................................. 63

9.0 References .................................................................................................................. 65

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List of Tables

Source Water Protection Case Studies ......................................................................... Table 1-1

Potential Sources of Contamination Inventory - August 2019 .................................... Table 4-1

Land Use Summary for Protection Areas .................................................................... Table 4-2

Source Water Protection Management Strategies ........................................................ Table 7-1

Source Water Protection Implementation Plan ............................................................ Table 8-1

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List of Figures

Maiden Creek Watershed and Subbasins .................................................................... Figure 1-1

Source Water Protection Areas - 2007 ....................................................................... Figure 3-1

Source Water Protection Areas - 2017 ....................................................................... Figure 3-2

Maiden Creek Watershed Monitoring Points - Map A ............................................... Figure 7-1

Maiden Creek Watershed Monitoring Points - Map B ............................................... Figure 7-2

Bailey's Creek Nutrient Tracking ............................................................................... Figure 7-3

Maiden Creek Nutrient Tracking ................................................................................ Figure 7-4

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List of Appendices

Executive Summary Reports of Surface Source Time-of-Travel ............................ Appendix A

Public Education Materials ...................................................................................... Appendix B

DEP Annual Program Update Form ........................................................................ Appendix C

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Glossary of Water Terms

Aquifer – a natural underground layer of sand, gravel, or rock that contains water.

Aquifer Recharge - Recharge is the rate at which precipitation infiltrates in the ground to supply water

to groundwater wells or springs.

Community Water System – a public water system that serves at least 15 service connections used by

year-round residents, or regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents.

Contaminant – A physical, chemical, biological or radiological substance or matter in water.

Delineate – to mark the outline of a groundwater or surface water study area.

Emergency Response Plan – a preparedness plan developed by a water system to form consistent

procedures to provide safe and adequate drinking water in an emergency situation. The reference

outlining the requirements is found in 025 PA Code §109.707.

Geology – The study of the Earth, and the Earth’s materials and processes.

Groundwater – water that is located within the saturated zone below the water table and is available

to supply wells and springs.

Point Source Pollution – pollutants that come from a single exit point, like a pipe.

Management Strategies – approaches or options selected by the water supplier and the Steering

Committee to protect the sources of drinking water currently and in the future.

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New Source – a source of water supply that is not covered by a valid permit or as a regular source of

supply for the public water system.

Non-Point Source (NPS) Pollution – pollutants that are contained in water runoff from construction,

roads, agriculture, or residential areas.

Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) – a regulated stormwater management program

required by municipalities with urbanized areas.

Source Water – the place from which water originates or is derived, including from wells, springs,

reservoirs, streams, ponds, or lakes.

Source Water Assessments – an evaluation documented in writing of the potential contamination of

a drinking water source, which includes identifying the contributing area to the source, an inventory of

potential contaminants, and a determination of the susceptibility of the water source to contamination,

as described in 025 PA Code §109.705.

Source Water Protection Area – a surface water intake protection area, a wellhead protection area, or

both.

Source Water Protection Program – a surface water intake protection program, a wellhead protection

program, or both, as described in 025 PA Code §109.713.

Study Area – the land regions that may impact the drinking water source.

Surface Water – water open to the atmosphere to subject to surface or stormwater runoff. This does

not include finished water intended for distribution.

Surface Water Protection Area – the surface and subsurface area surrounding a surface water intake

supplying a public water system, through which contaminants are reasonably likely to move toward

and reach the water source. The protection areas consist of up to three (3) zones:

Zone A – a ¼ mile wide area inland from the edge of a water or surface water body and from

an area ¼ mile downstream of the intake to a 5-hour time-of-travel upstream.

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Zone B – a 2-mile wide area inland from the edge of a waterway or surface water body and

extending upstream to the 25-hour time-of-travel.

Zone C – for drainage basins greater than 100 square miles, the remainder of the upstream

basin. Zone B and Zone C (if present) comprise the contributing area for the source.

Surface Water Intake Protection Program – a comprehensive program designed to protect each

surface water source used by a public water system.

Time-of-Travel – the amount of time water will take to move from the upstream end of a stream

segment to a downstream specific location by calculating average stream flow data.

Topography – graphic display of the Earth’s surface including the elevation, and position of natural

and man-made features.

Watershed – the land area from which water eventually drains to a body of water or other specific

location.

Wellhead Protection Area – the surface and subsurface area surrounding a groundwater well,

wellfield, spring, or infiltration gallery that supplies a public water system, through which contaminants

are reasonably likely to move toward and reach the water source. The wellhead protection area must

consist of up to three (3) zones:

Zone I – the protective area immediately surrounding the well, spring, or infiltration gallery

with a radius between 100 and 400 feet, depending on site-specific source and aquifer

characteristics.

Zone II – the zone encompassing the portion of an aquifer where water is diverted to a well,

or flows to a spring, or infiltration gallery.

Zone III – as hydrogeologic conditions warrant, the zone beyond Zone II that provides

groundwater recharge to Zone I and Zone II. Zones II and III, if present, comprise the

contributing area for the water source.

Wellhead Protection Program - a comprehensive program designed to protect each well, spring, or

infiltration gallery source used by a public water system.

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Acronyms

ARA Aquifer Recharge Area

AST Aboveground Storage Tank

BMP Best Management Practice

CWA Clean Water Act

DCNR Pennsylvania Department of Conservation & Natural Resources

DEM Digital Elevation Model

DEP Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

ERP Emergency Response Plan

GIS Geographic Information System

GMS Groundwater Modeling System

MGD Million Gallons per Day

MODFLOW Modular Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model

MODPATH Particle Tracking Post-Processing System

MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System

NCLD National Land Cover Dataset

NPS Non-Point Source

PAGWIS Pennsylvania Ground Water Information System

PENNDOT Pennsylvania Department of Transportation

P.G. Professional Geologist

PS Point-Source

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PSOC Potential Source of Contamination

PWSID Public Water System Identification Number

SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act

SSM Spotts, Stevens and McCoy

SWAP Source Water Assessment and Protection program

SWP Source Water Protection

SWPTAP Source Water Protection Technical Assistance Program

TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load

TOT Time-of-Travel

USDA United States Department of Agriculture

USGS United States Geological Survey

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Reading Area Water Authority

Berks County, PA

Source Water Protection Plan Update

Executive Summary

Clean, safe drinking water is often taken for granted. Many people have no idea where their water

comes from, how it is purified, or how it arrives at their sink. Protecting the raw water supply has been

increasingly recognized as a critical element in the overall mission of delivering a safe and reliable

supply of drinking water to consumers. Comprehensive source water protection not only benefits the

water supply, but ultimately the economic, social, and environmental well-being of a community.

Project Background

The Reading Area Water Authority (RAWA, PWSID# 3060069) provides drinking water to

approximately 125,000 people in Berks County, southcentral Pennsylvania. The first public supply of

water delivered in Reading was introduced in 1821 by the Reading Water Company. The Maidencreek

Filter Plant was constructed in 1935, and can treat a capacity of 40 million gallons of water per day

from Lake Ontelaunee, the primary water source. The Reading Area Water Authority was established

in 1994.

RAWA wishes to preserve and improve the safety of its drinking water supply for its customers today

and into the future., and is concerned about the possibility of contamination from agricultural activities

around the watershed, which can trigger algae blooms in low-flow conditions. In 2004, RAWA applied

for assistance from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Source Water

Protection grant program to develop a thorough and comprehensive source water protection plan. In

2007, DEP approved RAWA’s source water protection plan for implementation.

The objective of this project is to update the 2007 source water protection plan, with new delineations

for the RAWA water sources, educate the public on the importance of source water protection, plan for

potential pollution events, and maintain compliance with DEP’s Chapter 109 regulations.

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Description of Study Area

Lake Ontelaunee is a 1,082-acre man-made lake with a storage capacity of approximately 3.88 billion

gallons of water, and is designated for protection of Warm Water Fishes (WWF). Surface water enters

the lake primarily from Maiden Creek, and another tributary, the Saucony Creek. Numerous other

streams are present in the watershed, including several small tributaries that flow directly into the lake.

Water discharged from Lake Ontelaunee flows over the dam at Route 61, through the lower Maiden

Creek, and into the Schuylkill River, which joins the Delaware River to eventually empty into the

Atlantic Ocean. Portions of property around the Lake are available to the public for recreational

activities including biking, walking, fishing, and hunting.

Overall, the Maiden Creek Watershed covers approximately

216 square miles, and includes sections of 24 municipalities

in Berks and Lehigh counties.

The watershed is comprised of three different sections of

two physiographic provinces, which produce a variety of

landforms and soils within a relatively small area. The southern slope of Blue Mountain is in the

Appalachian Mountain section of the Ridge and Valley Province. The southern boundary of the

watershed, including the north face of Irish Mountain and Sand Hill, lies within the Reading Prong

Section of the New England Province. Elevations range from approximately 1,675 feet above sea level

along Blue Mountain to 260 feet at the mouth of Maiden Creek.

Farmland and forest dominate the watershed; however, it also includes rural, low-density, and high-

density residential areas. Two major highway corridors, Interstate 78 and Pennsylvania Route 222,

traverse the watershed and include some commercial and industrial development.

Previous Studies

This study builds upon previous work completed for the Reading Area Water Authority. The original

watershed assessment was conducted in 1998 for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),

which found that potential contaminants to Lake Ontelaunee included bacterial contamination from

humans and animals, sediment, and algae growth. Additional concerns were potential pollution from

nutrients and pesticides flowing into local waterways from nearby agricultural operations, and point-

source discharges from upstream industrial and commercial facilities.

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Based on a study completed in 1994, Lake Ontelaunee was placed on the 1996 303(d) list of impaired

waterways, describing Lake Ontelaunee as impaired for nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates) and

sediment. This placed a priority on the development of a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)

document, approved by EPA Region III staff in 2004. The TMDL calls for significant reductions in

phosphorus and sediment in cropland and pasture, urbanized areas, and septic systems.

These assessments prompted RAWA to develop and implement a comprehensive source water

protection plan, through a grant program offered by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental

Protection. In 2004, RAWA began a formalized plan that included a rigorous delineation of the water

flowing to their intake, an inventory of Potential Sources of Contamination, specific management

strategies to reduce potential contamination of their sources, contingency planning, and new source

review. The plan was approved for implementation by the DEP in 2007.

In 2016, RAWA revised their potential contaminants inventory and time-of-travel study through an

updated computer model that assessed overland flow from each potential contaminant location to the

downstream receiving stream, flow through Lake Ontelaunee to the primary intake at the dam, and in-

stream flow from the Maiden Creek headwaters to the Lake Ontelaunee confluence and secondary

intake.

The time-of-travel study completed in 2016 provided the basis

for the 2019 update. For this project, SSM staff created

overland flow pathways between each new PSOC and the

existing stream network, using ArcGIS software and

topographical contours. High flow velocity was used for the

stream network, since in most cases, potential contaminants

would not reach the stream except during a rain event. Once

velocities were applied to each segment in the network, time-

of-travel could be calculated. Adjustments were then made to

account for Lake Ontelaunee lag time, as was done in the 2016

study.

Many other studies have been conducted within the Maiden Creek Watershed by local agencies and

organizations. Early reports focused on the current state of the watershed and evaluated options for

stormwater and water resources management. In 2005, the Schuylkill Action Network obtained EPA

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grant funding to establish Best Management Practices (BMPs) on farms with small waterways in the

watershed, and conduct pre- and post-project water quality monitoring. In 2014, the Delaware River

Watershed Initiative provided additional funding to concentrate on specific areas of improvement,

based on impairments to the Maiden Creek and other tributaries that need assistance to reduce nutrients

and sediment flowing to the Schuylkill River.

The Lower Maiden Watershed Implementation Plan was developed in 2017, and submitted for DEP

and EPA review. This plan focuses on the Moselem Creek and three tributaries that are impacted by

agricultural activities within the watershed.

In 2018, the Berks County Conservation District completed

the Maiden Creek Watershed Water Quality Report. This

study was conducted with the purpose of providing a

snapshot of the long-term water quality trends within the

watershed, and help prioritize restorative best management

practices in selected focus areas of the Middle Schuylkill.

RAWA provided their watershed monitoring results

database as part of this initiative. The study recommended

that Lake Ontelaunee be closely monitored to determine how it processes potential increases in

sediment and nutrient runoff.

The USDA-Natural Resource Conservation Service’s National Water Quality Initiative (NWQI)

invests in targeted assistance to farmers in selected watersheds to improve the water quality in high-

priority streams. In 2019, the Maiden Creek Watershed was selected for a pilot study area, with

meetings and projects to improve water quality to be prioritized through partnerships with local

organizations. A comprehensive Watershed Assessment was developed by NRCS staff and submitted

for evaluation for project selection. RAWA provided much of the water quality information for this

document.

Description of Water System

The Reading Area Water Authority directly provides drinking water to approximately 87,000 people in

Reading, Pennsylvania and several surrounding communities, and can serve up to 125,000 people

through interconnections with other water systems. The primary water source is Lake Ontelaunee in

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the Maiden Creek Watershed, located northeast of the City of Reading in Berks County. A supplemental

intake is located downstream of the Ontelaunee Dam, in the Maiden Creek.

The Maidencreek Filter Plant is permitted to withdraw up to 35 million gallons of water per day from

Lake Ontelaunee. The plant utilizes conventional treatment systems, including disinfection, filtration,

and other controls. The treated water from the filter plant flows by gravity to two 10-million gallon

water storage basins, then to the Maidencreek Pumping Station for distribution to customers. RAWA

has several one-way interconnections with neighboring water systems where RAWA can provide water,

but not receive it, as well as two-way interconnections, where either system can provide or receive

water.

RAWA has also purchased over 2,000 acres within the watershed to help keep it in a natural state, and

staff plants approximately 1,000 trees each year on city property around the lake to reduce additional

siltation.

Public Education and Partnerships

The Reading Area Water Authority’s vision includes a team approach

to Source Water Protection through partnerships with watershed

stakeholders. RAWA staff serves on the Berks County Source Water

Protection Committee, and offers collaboration on projects within the

Maiden Creek Watershed. This committee will also serve as a partner

in RAWA’s continued participation in endeavors for improving Lake

Ontelaunee and the entire watershed.

RAWA also provides notification to people driving within the protection areas that they are traveling

in a water supply area. In 2009, RAWA staff and other partners installed water supply signs both on

state highways and local roadways. These signs are an education tool to alert drivers to notify

emergency responders if they witness an accident or spill that may impact a nearby waterway.

In addition to these coordinated efforts, RAWA conducts much of its own public education in the

community. RAWA operates a dedicated website, with a Source Water Protection webpage.

Information on the 1998 watershed assessment, the RAWA program, and brochures on various topics

are available for review and downloading at http://www.readingareawater.com/source-water/ .

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Partnering with the Berks County Conservation District

(BCCD), RAWA stenciled several hundred stormdrains

within the City of Reading, its primary area of service.

These stencils alert residents that the stormdrains lead

directly to a river.

In 2015, RAWA partnered with the Borough of Hamburg

and the Hamburg Municipal Authority to install signage in the Furnace Creek Watershed, a tributary to

the Maiden Creek. The Furnace Creek Watershed contains portions of the Appalachian Trail, which

receives hundreds of hikers and other recreational visitors to the area. The signs provide information

on the watershed, and warnings on tampering with a water supply.

Source Water Protection Areas

The water quality in a lake, creek, reservoir, or other

surface body is affected by the quality of all the water

flowing into it and all the land upstream of it. Therefore,

the entire drainage area upstream of a surface water

source is considered part of a source water protection

area. The areas described below were calculated using

the average-flow results from the 2016 time-of-travel

(TOT) study.

Zone A is the most protective area, and is the area within 0.25 miles on either side of a stream. Along

the contributing streams, Zone A extends between an upstream point that represents, on average, a 5-

hour TOT to the intake and a downstream point that is 0.25 miles below the intake. Zone A for Lake

Ontelaunee covers 6.29 square miles in Ontelaunee, Maidencreek, and Perry Townships.

Zone B of a surface water source encompasses the drainage area extending upstream from Zone A to

a 25-hour TOT along the contributing streams. Zone B for the Lake extends an additional 104.2 square

miles, and covers portions of 14 municipalities in Berks County and one township in Lehigh County.

Zone C is typically the remainder of the watershed, or the drainage area contributing to streams greater

than a 25-hour TOT. Zone C for the Lake intake encompasses another 81.85 square miles in 14

municipalities in Berks and Lehigh Counties.

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Potential Sources of Contamination (PSOCs)

After the protection areas were delineated, publicly-available data was used to identify potential sources

of contamination (PSOCs) within the areas. Both point sources and non-point sources were identified.

Example of non-point sources, where contamination occurs over a widespread area, include stormwater

runoff from agricultural fields, residential development, and commercial and industrial properties.

Point sources, where contamination originates from a single discharge point, can include industrial or

commercial facilities, permitted pipe discharges, and cleanup sites.

One of the primary non-point concerns for RAWA is nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates) from upstream

farming operations flowing within the watershed, especially from properties along the Moselem Creek.

Legacy sediments flowing down the creek as well as spills and releases from accidents on Interstate-78

can also cause contamination problems. Other non-point concerns include the goose population on the

lake, and potential contamination from failing on-lot septic systems may also potentially impact water

quality.

In the 2016 time-of-travel study, a table of current PSOCs was prepared by searching publicly-available

environmental databases for regulated locations, as identified by a permit or an enforcement action.

The PSOCs found through these database searches are point sources; non-point sources typically are

not regulated. 157 sites were listed, and included examples of water pollution control and water

resource discharges, storage tank sites, environmental cleanup areas, and biosolids application sites.

The 2019 TOT study also updated the evaluation of the

PSOCs within the RAWA delineated protection areas.

Twenty-four publically-available databases were assessed

and compared with results from the 2007 and 2016

inventories. After consolidation of multiple results for a

single facility, 274 point-source PSOCs were identified.

Contingency Planning

In the event of an emergency that could impact the water supply, immediate action is often critical in

preventing or minimizing contamination. RAWA maintains a comprehensive emergency plan as

required by Section § 109.707(a) Department’s Safe Drinking Water Regulations. The Emergency

Response Plan (ERP) will help provide safe and adequate drinking water under emergency conditions.

Possible emergency situations include a distribution system line break, power outages, drought

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conditions, disinfection system failure, contamination of supply, source pump failure, and prolonged

water outage. RAWA also maintains a notification system with the Berks County Department of

Emergency Services. Staff is notified via a message system when there is a spill or accident that may

impact waterways within the county.

Protection of Water Supply Sources

While the Maiden Creek intake is permitted as a supplemental source, it may not completely replace

demand from Lake Ontelaunee. The second intake is also downstream of the Lake intake, and therefore

draws from the same water source. Any contamination event that would close the Lake intake may

also impact the Maiden Creek intake. RAWA maintains interconnections with other nearby water

systems that can help offset demand in case of emergency. In the event of a source failure, the water

system will work with the DEP for a feasibility study and permitting of new sources of water supply.

Current Source Water Protection and Selected Management Strategies

In addition to the public education and outreach described earlier, RAWA has been an outstanding

model for voluntary watershed protection efforts in the

community. Many activities are a direct result of the

implementation strategies described in the 2007 Source Water

Protection Plan, a selected few are described below:

RAWA is a Charter Member of Berks County Water & Sewer

Association (BCWSA), which was formed in 2013; staff

participates on the Source Water Protection and Education Committees.

RAWA has committed to extensive voluntary water quality sampling across the watershed, including

financially supporting the USGS stream gauge at the confluence of the Saucony Creek and Maiden

Creek, chemical and macroinvertebrate monitoring at numerous sampling sites across the watershed,

and ongoing monitoring collaboration with the Schuylkill Action Network, the Delaware River

Watershed Initiative, the Philadelphia Water Department, and the Natural Resources Conservation

Service.

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In order to reduce wildlife and fowl concentrations at the Lake, RAWA has contracted the U.S.

Department of Agriculture to implement a goose management program to minimize pathogens effects

in Lake Ontelaunee.

In 2013, RAWA received the 2013 Exemplary Source Water

Protection Award for Large Systems from the American Water

Works Association, recognizing the development and

implementation of a strong and active source water protection

program.

RAWA has also provided cost-share assistance for other organizations in both Berks and Lehigh

counties to pursue watershed improvements through on-the-ground agricultural best management

practices (BMPs), including conservation planning, tree plantings with Olivet clubs and school

students, and participation in the US Department of Agriculture’s Conservation Reserve Enhancement

Program.

Implementing and Sustaining the Source Water Protection Program

The Reading Area Water Authority management and staff recognize that the sustainability of this

source water protection program is the only way to ensure successful improvements to the watersheds

over time. RAWA realizes that communication with an intricate network of employees and partners

will be required for the ongoing success of the program. A 5-year implementation plan for protecting

its water supply has been developed, with each management strategy assigned a person/organization

responsible for completing the activity, a timeframe or deadline to be accomplished, and possible

financial and human resources needed to achieve the objective.

These activities and timeframes are voluntary, and any

instances of missing intended goals do not have any

consequence to RAWA or its staff. The management

strategies outlined in this program will be reviewed,

evaluated, and prioritized according to RAWA’s need to

optimize its water system. New strategies may be added to

the implementation list, and other options may be

discontinued or suspended as human and financial

resources are allocated.

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Project History and Objectives

Clean, safe drinking water is often taken for granted. Many people have no idea where their water

comes from, how it is purified, or how it arrives at their faucet. Protecting drinking water supplies has

been increasingly recognized as a critical element in the overall mission of delivering a safe and reliable

supply of drinking water to consumers. Comprehensive source water protection not only benefits the

water supply, but ultimately the economic, social, and environmental well-being of a community.

The Reading Area Water Authority (RAWA, PWSID# 3060059) provides drinking water to

approximately 125,000 people in Berks County, southcentral Pennsylvania. The first public supply of

water delivered in Reading was introduced in 1821 by the Reading Water Company. At the time, the

water works consisted of the Hampden Springs and wooden pipes in the streets for distributing the

water. By 1865, the City of Reading had purchased the water company, which had grown into several

spring sources and a larger distribution system. The Maidencreek Filter Plant was constructed in 1935,

and can treat a capacity of 40 million gallons of water per day from Lake Ontelaunee, the primary water

source. The Authority was established in 1994, with a governing body of seven Board members. [1]

RAWA wishes to preserve and improve the safety of its drinking water supply for its customers today

and into the future. Although RAWA has had no serious problems with Lake Ontelaunee or Maiden

Creek, it is concerned about the possibility of contamination from agricultural activities around the

watershed, which can trigger algae blooms in low-flow conditions. In 2004, RAWA applied for

assistance from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Source Water

Protection grant program to develop a thorough and comprehensive source water protection plan. In

2007, DEP approved the source water protection plan for implementation.

The objective of this project is to update the 2007 source water protection plan with new protection

areas for the RAWA water sources, discuss potential sources of contamination, educate the public on

the importance of source water protection, plan for potential pollution events, and maintain compliance

with DEP’s new Chapter 109 regulations (see Section 1.3).

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1.2 The Importance of Source Water Protection

Developing a source water protection plan has numerous benefits. Some benefits are financial – for

example, the reduced cost of water treatment. Other benefits are less tangible, including:

Reduced risk to human health

Protection of a valuable resource for current and future generations

Increased consumer confidence in water suppliers

Support of healthy ecosystems, recreation and other beneficial uses

Increased knowledge of the importance of protecting your public water supply sources

Developing methods and management strategies to mitigate any potential sources of

contamination

Identifying and developing priorities to protect drinking water sources

The economic benefit of protecting a water supply

from contamination can be significant, as reducing

or preventing pollution from reaching the water

source can save the water system from additional

treatment cost. An EPA project that studied several

communities in the nation found that over time, the

cost of reacting to a contamination event far

exceeds the cost of developing and implementing a

source water protection plan. This study found that

cleanup costs could be as much as 30-40 times

more expensive than prevention. [2]

Scattered throughout this report are additional case

studies that provide greater detail regarding how

source water supplies can be contaminated and the

impact the contamination can have on a

community. These case studies are included to

reinforce the need to remain vigilant in protecting

drinking water for all Pennsylvanians.

Source Water Protection

Case Study

Adams County, Pennsylvania

Water Restrictions from Plant Fire, 2015

In June 2015, 3.8 million gallons of water

used to extinguish a fire at a chemical plant

flowed into a neighboring creek, a tributary

of the South Branch Conewago Creek. This

contamination posed a significant threat to

the New Oxford Municipal Authority, who

used the creek as their source of drinking

water. After learning of the incident,

NOMA closed the intake to prevent any

contamination of their treatment and

distribution systems. NOMA utilized an

interconnection with another water system,

bulk water tankers, and shipments of

finished water from nearby systems in order

to provide service to their customers. A

mandatory conservation notice was issued

for the service area to ensure sufficient

water was available. After extensive water

quality testing and communication with PA

DEP staff, NOMA is back online. [23]

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1.3 Overview of Source Water Protection Regulations

In 1974, Congress developed the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) to protect human health by

ensuring clean drinking water was provided by public water systems. As the SDWA matured, States

were required in 1986 to develop Wellhead Protection (WHP) Programs to protect public water systems

using ground water sources from contamination that would adversely affect human health. The

Pennsylvania Safe Drinking Water regulations (25 Pa. Code § 109) were updated in 1994 to include

some basic aspects of WHP which established three-tiered WHP areas, required ownership/control of

the innermost WHP Area (Zone I) and set minimum elements for systems seeking DEP approval of

their local WHP program.

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recognized the success of WHP efforts in identifying

potential contaminant threats and minimizing risk to wells and springs through proper management of

the contributing area, and the WHP concept was subsequently expanded to all sources used by public

water systems in 1996 when the SDWA was reauthorized. States were now required to develop a

Source Water Assessment and Protection (SWAP) Program to assess all drinking water sources -

surface water and ground water - serving public water systems for their susceptibility to pollution. The

source water assessment serves as the skeletal framework for building a voluntary, community-based

drinking water source protection program to prevent costly contamination of public drinking water

sources. Most of these assessments for sources in existence at the time were completed by DEP or a

contractor around 2003 and provided a general evaluation of the protection area for an existing water

source. Efforts since then have focused on using the assessments as a basis for developing local source

water protection (SWP) programs for community water systems. Source water assessments for

unassessed sources are conducted as needed.

In August 2018, the PA Safe Drinking Water regulations were updated to incorporate source water

assessments and expand protection efforts to all sources used by community water systems. As part of

this update, DEP defined source water assessment, updated definitions of SWP Areas for surface-water

and ground-water sources, revised permit application requirements to include a source water

assessment of each new raw water source, and updated requirements for systems with an approved local

SWP program. The update also includes a requirement to conduct an annual inspection of the SWP

Area to identify and evaluate actual and probable sources of contamination, along with updating the

source water assessment if needed. [3]

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Community water systems may opt to voluntarily develop a comprehensive, community-oriented SWP

program for DEP approval. At the very least, approval by DEP allows better tracking to facilitate

environmental program coordination, legitimizes a community-based effort and provides an

opportunity for formal recognition and positive publicity. In order for DEP to approve a local SWP

program, the plan must include the following elements: [4]

Formation of a steering committee representing, but not limited to, the water supplier, local

government entities, water supply customers, farming and business community representatives

(as applicable).

Encouragement of public participation through informational and educational activities.

A map of the delineation of areas to be protected, using approved DEP methods.

An assessment, including inventory of potential and existing sources of contamination to each

permitted water source.

Development of a management plan to protect the water supply from potential contamination

as part of a strategic long-term program, including potential adoption of municipal ordinances

or transfer of development rights inside the protection areas, purchase of the source water

protection area by the water system, public education, and other methods approved by DEP.

Preparation of a contingency plan for emergency response and alternate sources.

Provisions to protect sites identified for development of new water sources.

Provisions to review and update the program annually.

1.4 Description of Study Area

Lake Ontelaunee is a 1,082-acre man-made lake created in the 1920s, and has a storage capacity of

approximately 3.1 billion gallons of water. The Lake has been designated by the DEP for protection of

Warm Water Fishes (WWF). Surface water flows into the lake primarily from Maiden Creek and

another tributary, the Saucony Creek. Numerous other streams contribute to the watershed, including

several small tributaries that flow directly into the lake. Water discharged from Lake Ontelaunee flows

over the dam at Route 61, through the lower Maiden Creek and into the Schuylkill River, which joins

the Delaware River to eventually empty into the Atlantic Ocean. Portions of the property surrounding

the Lake is available to the public for recreational activities including biking, walking, fishing, and

hunting. Because the lake is a public water supply, lake access is limited to non-contact, non-boating

activities. [5]

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Overall, the Maiden Creek Watershed covers approximately 216 square miles, and includes portions of

24 municipalities in Berks and Lehigh counties. The watershed is divided into 13 major subbasins, one

for each of the ten major named tributaries and three for the main stem of Maiden/Ontelaunee Creek.

[5] The subbasins are displayed in Figure 1-1.

The watershed contains two different types of geographical provinces, which produce a variety of

landforms and soils within a relatively small area. The southern slope of Blue Mountain is in the

Appalachian Mountain section of the Ridge and Valley Province. The southern boundary of the

watershed, including the north face of Irish Mountain and Sand Hill, lies within the Reading Prong

section of the New England Province. This section comprises 93 percent of the watershed by area, and

includes Schochary Ridge in the northeastern quadrant of the watershed. Elevations range from

approximately 1,675 feet above sea level along Blue Mountain to 260 feet at the mouth of Maiden

Creek. [5]

Farmland and forest dominate the watershed; however, the watershed also includes rural and low-

density residential land, as well as the Boroughs of Kutztown, Fleetwood, Lyons, and Lenhartsville in

Berks County, and extends into some areas of Lehigh County. Two major highway corridors, Interstate

78 and Pennsylvania Route 222, traverse the watershed and include some commercial and industrial

development. [5]

1.5 Previous Studies

This study builds upon previous work completed for the Reading Area Water Authority. Their original

watershed assessment was conducted in 1998 for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),

which found that potential contaminants to Lake Ontelaunee included bacterial contamination from

humans and animals, sediment, and algae growth. Additional concerns were potential pollution from

nutrients and pesticides flowing into local waterways from nearby agricultural operations, and point-

source discharges from upstream industrial and commercial facilities. The assessment concluded with

recommendations for protection of the water supply, including:

Forming a local watershed coalition.

Financing watershed improvement efforts by area agencies and coalitions

Conducting long-term water quality monitoring

Providing public education

A copy of the 1998 assessment is available on RAWA’s website. [6]

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Based on a study completed in 1994, Lake Ontelaunee was placed on the 1996 303(d) list of impaired

waterways by the DEP, describing Lake Ontelaunee as impaired for nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates)

and sediment. This placed a priority on the development of a Total Maximum Daily Load document,

approved by EPA Region III staff in 2004. Phosphorus levels necessitated a reduction strategy to limit

this nutrient from entering the Lake and encouraging algal blooms. The TMDL calls for significant

reductions in phosphorus: 95% for cropland, 75% for pasture and hay areas, 85% in MS4 urbanized

areas, and 97% for septic systems. Reductions to sediment contributors like cropland, unpaved roads

and quarries were also highlighted. By managing sediment loading to the TMDL requirement, the

lifespan of the Lake would be more than doubled. [7]

These assessments prompted RAWA to develop and implement a comprehensive Source Water

Protection Plan, through a grant program offered by the PA Department of Environmental Protection.

In 2004, RAWA began a series of steering committee meetings to develop a formalized plan that

included DEP-required elements such as rigorous delineation methodology, an inventory of Potential

Sources of Contamination, specific management strategies, contingency planning, and new source

review. Some management options selected by the steering committee included dredging the upper

neck of Lake Ontelaunee to remove built-up sediment; partnerships with other environmental agencies

such as the Berks County Conservation District, the Berks Conservancy, and the Maiden Creek

Watershed Association; developing a water quality database; and providing funding for watershed

improvement projects. [5] The plan was approved by the DEP in 2007. The Executive Summary for

this plan is available in Appendix A.

In 2016, RAWA contracted a revision of their time-of-travel (TOT) study and current potential

contaminants inventory through an updated computer model that assessed overland flow from each

potential contaminant location to the downstream receiving stream, flow through Lake Ontelaunee to

the primary intake at the dam, and in-stream flow from the Maiden Creek headwaters to the Lake

Ontelaunee confluence and secondary intake. Recommendations for long-term management included

updating the rankings of the susceptibility analysis of priority potential sources of contamination,

mapping locations of historic spills and releases, and updating the source water protection plan and

ongoing management options. [8] The Executive Summary for this study is available in Appendix A.

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Many other studies have been conducted within the Maiden Creek Watershed by local agencies and

organizations. Early reports focused on the current state of the watershed and evaluated options for

stormwater and water resources management. By 2005, the Maiden Creek Watershed became a target

area for project work, as the main tributary to the Schuylkill River. The Schuylkill Action Network

obtained EPA grant funding to establish Best Management Practices (BMPs) on farms with small

waterways in the watershed, and conduct pre- and post-project water quality monitoring. [9] Local

agencies and organizations such as the Berks

Conservancy (now Berks Nature), the Berks

County Conservation District, and the Maiden

Creek Watershed Association have continued

ongoing water quality monitoring to sustain the

success of BMP implementation projects.

In 2014, the William Penn Foundation created the

Delaware River Watershed Initiative, which

established eight sub-watershed “clusters” of focus

areas to concentrate on specific areas of

improvement, based on impairments to the water.

The Middle Schuylkill cluster encompasses the

Maiden Creek and other tributaries that need

assistance to reduce nutrients and sediment flowing

to the Schuylkill River. The initiative uses local

conservation organizations to work with farmers

for on-the-ground Best Management Practices that

reduce or eliminate pollutants from flowing into

waterways. [10]

The Lower Maiden Creek Watershed Implementation Plan (WIP), developed by the Partnership for the

Delaware Estuary and Stroud Water Research Center, focuses on a portion of the Maiden Creek

Watershed, upstream of Lake Ontelaunee. The focus area consists of four subwatersheds: the Moselem

Creek, and three unnamed tributaries. The decision to concentrate on this section was due to its

proximity to the Lake, and the impairments contributed from agricultural activities. The primary goal

of the Watershed Implementation Plan is to reduce the phosphorus, nitrogen, sediment, and bacteria-

West Virginia

Chemical Spill in Elk River, 2014

In January 2014, industrial chemicals were

released into the Elk River in Charleston,

WV from a leaking aboveground storage

tank with inadequate secondary

containment. The chemicals reached the

drinking water intake of the West Virginia

American Water Kanawha Valley

Treatment Plant, which ultimately resulted

in a Do-Not-Use order that affected

approximately 300,000 people in portions of

nine counties.

Shortly thereafter, the West Virginia

Legislature passed SB 373 requiring all

water systems in the state with a surface

water intake, or groundwater under the

influence of surface water, to update or

develop a new source water protection plan

by July 1, 2016. Additional regulations were

passed to establish standards and

enforcement for proper management of

aboveground storage tanks. [22]

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related pollutants present in the tributaries. The plan identifies and prioritizes projects that will results

in water quality improvements needed for delisting. [11]

In 2018, the Berks County Conservation District completed the Maiden Creek Watershed Water Quality

Report. This study was conducted with the purpose of providing a snapshot of the long-term water

quality trends within the watershed, and help prioritize restorative best management practices in

selected focus areas of the Middle Schuylkill. Based on this evaluation, recommendations for

implementation projects, monitoring, and restoration strategies can be made to local stakeholders.

RAWA provided their watershed monitoring results database as part of this initiative. Overall,

watershed health was determined to be graded a B-. Headwaters have good quality, but historical

impairments of siltation, nutrients, and pathogens are present. The study recommended that Lake

Ontelaunee be closely monitored to determine how it processes potential increases in sediment and

nutrient runoff. [12]

The USDA-Natural Resource Conservation Service’s National Water Quality Initiative (NWQI)

invests in targeted assistance to farmers in selected watersheds to improve the water quality in high-

priority streams. Conservation practices include the promotion of soil health, reduction of erosion and

nutrient runoff, and installation of filter strips, cover crops, reduced tillage and manure management.

In 2019, the Maiden Creek Watershed was selected for a pilot study area, with meetings and projects

to improve water quality to be prioritized through partnerships with local organizations. [13] In June

2019, a stakeholder’s meeting was held to determine the best and most efficient way to provide and

protect drinking water in the Maiden Creek Watershed. Based on these discussions, a number of topics

were repeated and established as priorities of the stakeholder’s group within the watershed, including

water quality degradation from excess nutrients, excess pathogens and chemicals from manure, bio-

solids or compost applications, and excess sediment in surface waters. Geographically, it was

determined that the most important location within the watershed is to focus funding in the Lower

Maiden Creek and specifically into areas within Zone A and Zone B of RAWA’s Source Water

Protection Plan. After this meeting, a comprehensive Watershed Assessment was developed by NRCS

staff and submitted for evaluation for project selection. RAWA provided much of the background,

PSOC information, and water quality data for this document. [14]

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1.6 Overview of Water System

The Reading Area Water Authority directly provides drinking water to approximately 87,000 people in

Reading, Pennsylvania and several surrounding communities, and serves a total of 125,000 people

through interconnections with other water systems. The primary water source is Lake Ontelaunee in

the Maiden Creek Watershed, located northeast of the City of Reading in Berks County. Lake

Ontelaunee was constructed in 1926. A second intake is located downstream of the Ontelaunee Dam,

which withdraws directly from Maiden Creek behind the filter plant.

The Maidencreek Filter Plant has a permitted treatment capacity of 40 million gallons per day (MGD),

and allocation permit that allows a maximum withdrawal of 35 MGD. The plant utilizes conventional

treatment systems, including disinfection, filtration, and other controls. Disinfection is achieved using

gas chlorine as a pre-treatment to the raw water, and after filtering. Other treatment processes include

pH adjustment, particulate removal, taste and odor controls, fluoridation, and the addition of a corrosion

inhibitor. The treated water from the filter plant flows by gravity to two 10-million gallon water storage

basins, then to the Maidencreek Pumping Station, which has an average daily pumping rate of 11.5

million gallons. A variety of storage facilities owned and maintained by the Authority, including

clearwells, on-ground and in-ground basins, and standpipes, provide water into the treatment and

distribution systems. RAWA has several one-way interconnections with neighboring water systems

where RAWA can provide water, but not receive it. These systems include West Reading Borough,

Wyomissing Borough, Shillington Borough, Bern Township Municipal Authority, Ontelaunee

Township Municipal Authority, and Pennsylvania American Water Company. RAWA has two-way

interconnections with Western Berks Water Authority and Muhlenberg Township Authority, where

either system can provide or receive water. RAWA also has contracted to provide water to Birdsboro

Power in Birdsboro, Berks County.

RAWA has also purchased land within the watershed to help keep it in a natural state, and staff plants

approximately 1,000 trees each year on city property around the lake to reduce additional siltation.

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2.0 Source Water Protection and Public Participation

2.1 Development of Steering Committee and Partner Organizations

The Reading Area Water Authority’s vision includes a team approach to Source Water Protection

through partnerships with watershed stakeholders. In 2016, a Source Water Protection Steering

Committee was formed by the Berks County Water & Sewer Association to assist with development

of the Berks County Source Water Protection

Program. The committee meets quarterly, and is

comprised of project stakeholders, including

drinking water systems, governmental agencies,

local officials, environmental and civic

organizations, teachers, citizens, and other

interested groups. The steering committee (a)

provides comments and ideas for the program with

respect to knowledge of issues in the watershed; (b)

serves as a sounding board for ideas and

recommendations being developed as part of the

source water protection program; and (c) helps to

carry the “message” of Source Water Protection

back to its representative organizations and

communities. RAWA staff serves on the

committee, and offers collaboration on projects within the Maiden Creek Watershed. This committee

will also serve as a partner in RAWA’s continued participation in endeavors for improving Lake

Ontelaunee and the entire watershed.

2.2 Public Education and Participation in the Community

As a member of the Berks County Source Water Protection Committee, RAWA will benefit from a

participation in these goals and activities described in the Berks program:

Assistance with implementation of the Berks County Regional Source Water Protection Plan.

Inclusion with county-wide management strategies selected in the program.

Coordination activities to reduce duplication of effort between water systems and other

organizations.

Communication and liaison with other source water users.

Erie County, Pennsylvania

Algae Toxins in Drinking Water, 2014

Communities that draw their drinking water

from Lake Erie are spending thousands of

dollars to test and treat algal toxins like

those that contaminated the water supply for

more than 400,000 people in Ohio. The real

costs for water utilities come during water

treatment. One regional plant, which treats

9 million gallons of water each day, spent

$50,000 to remove the toxin last year, and

another spent $60,000 fighting 2011’s

record-setting algal bloom. Plants have also

had to increase the amounts spent on other

chemicals, because the amounts increase

when toxins are present [19].

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Support with local environmental volunteer efforts.

Coordinated education efforts with the MS4 steering committee in stormwater management.

Coordinated water quality monitoring in the Maiden Creek and Schuylkill River watersheds.

In addition to these coordinated efforts, RAWA conducts much of its own public education in the

community. RAWA operates a dedicated website, with a Source Water Protection webpage.

Information on the 1998 watershed assessment, the RAWA program, and brochures on various topics

are available for review and downloading at http://www.readingareawater.com/source-water/ .

Partnering with the Berks County Conservation District

(BCCD), RAWA stenciled several hundred stormdrains

within the City of Reading, its primary area of service.

This project and other collaborative efforts resulted in the

BCCD naming RAWA the “2008 Conservation

Organization of the Year”.

Public education is important to the RAWA management and staff, and has provided source water

protection demonstrations and education to local school students, including the I-LEAD Charter

School, elementary students at the AquaPolluzza event at Berks Nature, and continues to help the

BCCD with activities in the Berks County Senior Envirothon. RAWA staff has provided guest

appearances on the local television station (BCTV), and sponsored

presentations at several workshops for the Schuylkill Watershed

Congress. Other public education events include tours for the Olivet

clubs on the Lake property, and tree plantings with students from the

Schuylkill Valley Middle School.

RAWA also provides notification to people driving within the

protection areas that they are traveling in a water supply area. RAWA

staff and other partners worked with the BCCD, Spotts, Stevens and

McCoy, the Maiden Creek Watershed Association, and PennDOT

Region 5 to install signage both on state highways and local roadways. These signs are an education

tool to alert drivers to notify emergency responders if they witness an accident or spill. In 2009, 30

signs were created to raise visitor awareness of drinking water areas and encourage emergency response

in a spill or release situation.

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RAWA has been a member of the Local Emergency Planning Committee, and cooperates with the

Berks County Department of Emergency Services (DES) in attempts to develop a Geographic

Information Systems (GIS) layer of protection areas in the county. RAWA has provided training to

local responders to improve spill and release response procedures. The DES staff also provides real-

time notification to RAWA and other water systems of release incidents within the Schuylkill River

watershed.

To provide some awareness of the effects of chemical runoff on waterways, RAWA contacted three

area golf courses (two in Berks County, one in Lehigh County) to encourage better management of

fertilizer application on the greens. Informational brochures on a variety of topics, including septic

system maintenance and household hazardous waste were presented to Ontelaunee Township and North

Heidelberg Township for distribution or posting on their website.

In 2016, RAWA partnered with the Borough of

Hamburg and the Hamburg Municipal Authority to

install signage in the Furnace Creek, a tributary to the

Maiden Creek. The Furnace Creek Watershed contains

portions of the Appalachian Trail, which receives

hundreds of hikers and other recreational visitors to the

area. The signs provide information on the watershed,

and warnings on tampering with a water supply.

RAWA staff also participated in the 2017 “Farming Around the Lake”

tour, hosted by the Berks Agricultural Resource Network. This self-guided

tour attracts several hundred people annually. RAWA staff provided

education to visitors on strategies they employ to address water quality

issues at Lake Ontelaunee.

In 2019, Reading High School conducted the first “Green Between”

educational event, and RAWA staff provided an educational booth and

drinking water for over one hundred students attending this event.

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3.0 Delineation of Protection Areas: Surface Water Sources

This section describes the methodology for identifying the protection areas for the Reading Area Water

Authority’s two surface water intakes. These protection areas were determined using available data

and hydrologic methods consistent with DEP guidance. The summary of the approach and resulting

protection areas are described below.

3.1 Description of the Surface Water Sources

At present, the water supply for the City of Reading is obtained mainly from Lake Ontelaunee, which

was constructed in 1926, and is located about eight (8) miles north of the City. Lake Ontelaunee has a

water surface area of 1,082 acres and a capacity of 3.88 billion gallons of storage. Raw lake water is

delivered to the Maidencreek Filter Plant by gravity via a 2,800 foot long, concrete-lined 81-inch

diameter tunnel, and a 60 inch diameter, 4,880 foot long, concrete conduit respectively. The Maiden

Creek intake supplements the Lake Ontelaunee supply in some conditions. This intake is located

directly behind the filter plant, approximately ½ mile downstream of the Ontelaunee Dam.

3.2 Methodology for Delineating Surface Water Intake Protection Areas

For the original 2007 source water delineation model, the protection areas were determined using DEP

guidance documents, based on federal guidance developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency (USEPA). The state-wide uniform approach established the distance covered by water flowing

in a stream during a 5-hour and 25-hour time period (Zone A and Zone B). Zone C covers any portion

of the watershed higher than a 25-hour time-of-travel. If there is not any actual stream velocity data

(such as a USGS stream gauge), a default velocity of 5 miles per hour (approximately 7 feet per second)

was used to calculate the Zone A and Zone B protection areas. No direct measurements were available

for Maiden Creek, so the default velocity of 7 feet per second was used for the 2007 study. This method

determined that the entire 216 square mile watershed was within the 25-hour time-of-travel (TOT). [5]

Figure 3-1 displays the protection areas delineated from this report.

Technology advances, increased availability of data, and the installation of a USGS stream gauge in

the Maiden Creek Watershed provided new information to reassess the time-of-travel using a

combination of computer-aided methods to model the stream flow. The 2016 updated study contracted

by RAWA also included calculations for residence time through Lake Ontelaunee, which dramatically

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decreased the TOT to the primary intake. The study also determined different flow rates for high,

average, and low flow conditions. The traditional 5-hour and 25-hour zone determination has limited

usefulness in management of the watershed contributing to their intakes, as a uniform stream flow does

not characterize actual conditions in the watershed. [8]

The time-of-travel study completed in 2016 provided the basis for an update conducted in 2019. In the

2016 study, a stream network and overland flow pathways from each point source PSOC was

established, along with an average mean annual velocity and low, average, and high flow time-of-travel

for each stream segment. In addition, adjustments were made to the TOT for each PSOC to account for

lag time in Lake Ontelaunee. For the 2019 update, SSM staff created overland flow pathways between

each new PSOC and the existing stream network, using ArcGIS software and topographical contours.

The average velocity of all overland flow pathways from the 2016 study was calculated and applied to

the newly created pathways. High flow velocity was used for the stream network, since in most cases,

potential contaminants would not reach the stream except during a rain event. Once velocities were

applied to each segment in the network, time-of-travel could be calculated. Adjustments were then

made to account for Lake Ontelaunee lag time, as was done in the 2016 study. The final TOT study and

related PSOCs were delivered to RAWA staff via an online ArcGIS software program.

3.3 Description of the Surface Water Intake Protection Areas

The water quality in a lake, creek, or other surface body is affected by the quality of all the water

flowing into it and all the land upstream of it. Therefore, the entire drainage area upstream of a surface

water source is considered part of a source water protection area. The areas described below were

calculated using the average-flow results from the updated 2016 study, as shown in Figure 3-2.

Zone A is the most protective area, and is the area within 0.25 miles on either side of the stream. Along

the contributing streams, Zone A extends between an upstream point that represents, on average, a 5-

hour TOT to the intake and a downstream point that is 0.25 miles below the intake. Zone A for Lake

Ontelaunee covers 6.29 square miles in Ontelaunee, Maidencreek, and Perry Townships.

Zone B of a surface water source encompasses the drainage area extending upstream from Zone A to

a 25-hour TOT along the contributing streams. Zone B for the Lake extends an additional 104.2 square

miles, and covers portions of 14 municipalities in Berks County: Ontelaunee, Maidencreek, Perry,

Rockland, Albany, Windsor, Maxatawny, Richmond, Greenwich, and Longswamp Townships, and

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Topton, Lenhartsville, Lyons, and Kutztown Boroughs. A small section of Lynn Township in Lehigh

County is also included in Zone B.

Zone C is typically the remainder of the watershed, or the drainage area contributing to streams greater

than a 25-hour TOT. Zone C for the Lake intake encompasses another 81.85 square miles in 14

municipalities in Berks and Lehigh Counties.

Combining the protection areas with the streams flowing to the Maiden Creek intake would increase

the watershed drainage area to a total of approximately 192 square miles.

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4.0 Contaminant Source Inventory

After the original protection areas were delineated for the 2007 source water protection plan, a

comprehensive inventory of potential sources of contamination (PSOCs) was compiled for the areas,

using public information available at the time. An updated inventory was included in the 2016 time-of-

travel study. PSOCs are locations or activities that can adversely affect the quality of the water supply.

It is important to note that land uses, activities, or individual industries identified in the PSOC inventory

are not necessarily a source of pollution; however, they have the potential for contaminating surface water.

PSOCs include activities that use, store, transport, or dispose of the following types of contaminants:

Regulated contaminants with federal primary and secondary maximum contaminant levels for

safe drinking water

Materials on the EPA contaminant

candidate list and contaminants with EPA

lifetime health advisories or cancer risk

numbers; most of these are on the Clean

Water Priority Pollutant List

Giardia and Cryptosporidium

Turbidity

Disinfection by-product precursors

Taste and odor precursors

Pharmaceuticals and other endocrine

disruptors

Other contaminants, as necessary, based

upon known potential contaminant

sources.

PSOCs can be non-point sources (where contamination occurs over a widespread area) or point sources

(where contamination originates from a single discharge point). Examples of non-point sources include

stormwater runoff from agricultural fields, residential lawns, roads and parking lots, and commercial

and industrial properties. Mobile threats like spills or releases along transportation corridors such as

highways, railroads, and navigable waterways can also provide a source of non-point pollution.

Pennsylvania

Tanker Spills Fuel Into River, 2010

Thousands of gallons of fuel spilled near the

Susquehanna River after a tanker truck

crashed on a major highway. Local water

intakes were closed or monitored, and

materials were placed in the Susquehanna

and Juniata Rivers to prevent contamination

of the drinking water intakes. Fortunately,

only a small amount of fuel was found in the

Juniata River, and none in the Susquehanna,

which provides drinking water for hundreds

of thousands of people in the basin area [18].

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Point sources can include stationary threats at a fixed location such as an industrial or commercial

facility. Point source discharges can be hazardous substances that enter the groundwater or a stream

through spills or releases that occur during transport, handling, use or storage. Accidents can occur even

when proper precautions are taken and have the potential to release hazardous materials to the

subsurface through percolation or to a surface water body through overland flow.

4.1 Priority Concerns of the Water System

Throughout all the assessments and studies completed for the water system, Reading Area Water

Authority staff has expressed concerns with several types of potential contamination issues. One

primary concern is nutrients from upstream farming operations reaching water courses from surface

runoff within the watershed, especially from properties along the Moselem Creek. Nitrates and

phosphorus levels (nutrients) in low-flow conditions encourage algae growth, which can cause taste

and odor issues as well as operational problems at the filter plant. Legacy sediments flowing down the

Maiden Creek are also a concern, as transported sediments settle in the upper neck of the Lake and

restrict flow and storage capacity. Another ongoing problem in the watershed includes spills and

releases from accidents on Interstate-78 and the bridge crossing at PA 662. Wastewater treatment and

industrial plants also discharge effluent into the watershed that flows downstream to the intakes.

Lake Ontelaunee has also been in the migration path of a large goose population, which has prompted

additional concerns with pathogens contamination at the intake. Pathogens and other contaminants from

septic systems may also potentially impact water quality, since many of the bungalows and other homes

along the Maiden Creek downstream of the dam use these on-lot systems to dispose of domestic

wastewater.

4.2 PSOC Identification and Evaluation: Non-Point Sources

The descriptions below for the priority non-point sources are general in nature; however, each

description includes an adequate amount of information that a reader with no knowledge of the non-

point source PSOCs will be able to understand how it could impact and affect drinking water quality.

Agriculture – livestock: According to the 2000 National Water Quality Inventory, agricultural non-

point source pollution is the leading source of water quality impacts on rivers and lakes; the second

largest source of impairments to wetlands; and a major contributor to contamination of estuaries and

groundwater. [15] Polluted runoff is picked up and carried by surface water runoff and snowmelt that

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is deposited in bodies of water and underground sources of drinking water. Agricultural activities

related to livestock management that cause these detrimental impacts include poorly located or

managed animal feeding operations, overgrazing, and poorly managed animal waste operations.

Uncontrolled runoff may contain pathogens (bacteria, parasites, and viruses), nutrients, and organic

matter that can potentially degrade groundwater quality. Overgrazing exposes soils and increases

erosion and sediment deposition in water bodies leading to the impairment of aquatic organisms and

ecological habitats.

Agriculture – row crops: Agricultural activities related to row crops that can cause detrimental

impacts include plowing too often or at the wrong time, and improper, excessive, or poorly-timed

application of pesticides, irrigation water, and fertilizer. The types of pollutants generated include

sediment, nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium), pesticides, metals, and salts. When more

nutrients are applied than what is needed for crop production, excess amounts are carried into aquatic

ecosystems by wind and surface water runoff. The improper handling, storage, application, or disposal

of fertilizers and pesticides all have the potential to contaminate both groundwater and surface waters.

Septic systems: Septic systems (i.e., effluent from septic tanks, cesspools, and leachfields) that are

improperly sited, designed, constructed, or maintained are potentially serious sources for groundwater

contamination, particularly in areas with a high density of these systems. Potential contaminants from

septic systems can include bacteria, viruses, parasites, nitrates, hormones, phosphorus, surfactants, oils,

cleaning chemicals, heavy metals, and pharmaceuticals. Use of septic system cleaners, which typically

contain synthetic organic chemicals, may also contribute to the contamination of groundwater.

Wildlife: Bacteria and nutrients in the water from wildlife waste or waterfowl droppings can create

algal blooms on the surface water source, which are difficult to remove with standard water treatment

methods. Preventing nutrient pollutants from reaching the water source is a key factor in avoiding

additional treatment procedures and associated costs. Reducing contaminants from wildlife and

waterfowl can be attained through a number of environmentally-friendly approaches, such as

elimination of feeding from humans, chasing or scaring the animals and birds, exclusion fencing, and

landscaping that prevents feeding. Riparian buffer areas surrounding the water source can assist with

filtering pollutants.

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4.3 PSOC Identification and Evaluation: Point Sources

As part of the 2016 time-of-travel study, a table of current PSOCs was prepared by searching publicly-

available environmental databases for regulated locations, as identified by a permit or an enforcement

action. The PSOCs found through these database searches are point sources; non-point sources typically

are not regulated. 157 sites were listed as part of the study. [8]

The 2019 TOT study discussed in Section 3.2 also updated the evaluation of the PSOCs within the RAWA

delineated protection areas. Twenty-four publically-available databases were assessed and compared with

results from the 2007 and 2016 inventories. After consolidation of multiple results for a single facility, 274

point-source PSOCs were identified (Table 4-1).

Since these operations have the potential for contamination of downstream surface water, examples of

specific PSOC types within RAWA’s protection areas are discussed below:

Aboveground, Underground, and Residential Storage Tanks: Aboveground or underground storage

tanks are used in industrial, commercial, and agricultural operations, as well as at individual residences,

to store petroleum products and chemicals.

Discharges of chemicals, petroleum, or non-

petroleum oils from storage tanks can contaminate

groundwater or surface water. Chemicals that are

released due to spills, uncontained overfills, tank

corrosion, and piping system and equipment

failures may be discharged directly to surface water

or accumulate in soils and present a threat to

groundwater.

Beneficial Land Use/Biosolids: Biosolids are the

nutrient-rich organic materials resulting from the

treatment of sewage sludge. Biosolids can be

applied to agricultural fields as fertilizer to improve soils and stimulate plant growth. The application

of biosolids is regulated by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to ensure the material is treated

properly and is then safely applied to agricultural areas. Biosolids must meet specific quality criteria

before land application. Biosolids, other than landscape-grade, may not be applied to farmland, forests,

or mine reclamation sites that are within 100 feet of a stream; within 300 feet of an occupied dwelling

Adams County, Pennsylvania

Well Contamination, 1987

In a case study at the Gettysburg Municipal

Authority, staff discovered volatile organic

chemical contamination of one of the supply

wells and surrounding property, and traced

a potential source from a nearby commercial

facility. Over a 30-year period, the total cost

is expect to exceed $4.0 million dollars, and

Gettysburg incurred approximately

$349,000 in remediation expenses of their

water supply. [2]

Source Water Protection

Case Study

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or water source; within 11 inches of a seasonal high water table; or within 3.3 feet of the regional

groundwater table.

EPA Regulated: These are sites from the EPA Envirofacts data system, which is made up of

information from multiple environmental databases. This is a wide range of sites that are subject to

environmental regulation by the EPA. Reasons for regulation can vary greatly within the themes of air,

land, water, waste, toxics, and radiation. NOTE: Within this database are four categories that are of

particular concern. They include:

TRI (Toxic Release Inventory) sites: The TRI program was started in 1988 and contains

information on releases of nearly 650 chemical and chemical categories by certain industries

and federal facilities. Releases and improper transfer of toxic chemicals from a TRI site may

therefore pose a potential, if not already confirmed, threat to source water.

Superfund – CERCLIS sites: A Superfund site is any land in the US that has been

contaminated by hazardous waste and identified by the EPA as a candidate for cleanup because

it poses a risk to human health and/or the environment. Sites can include abandoned

warehouses, manufacturing facilities, processing plants, and landfills. Superfund is a federal

program, administered by the EPA, established in 1980. Its goal is to locate, investigate and

clean up severe, uncontrolled hazardous waste sites throughout the country. Before this

program, hazardous wastes were often left out in the open or abandoned to seep into the ground

or waterways.

Hazardous Waste - RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) facilities: RCRA

facilities generate, store, transport, handle, treat, or dispose of hazardous waste, which must be

handled carefully to prevent release into the environment. RCRA is a federal program which

includes a management and inventory system about hazardous waste handlers. In general, all

RCRA facilities are required to provide information about their activities to state environmental

agencies. This information, in turn, is passed to regional and national EPA offices.

National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) locations: Entities with a

National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit are legally authorized to

discharge into a water of the United States from a specified outfall. An NPDES permit is

typically given for a wastewater treatment plant, an industrial discharge, and stormwater

outfalls in urban areas. All permits specify effluent limits that cannot be exceeded. Typical

regulated parameters include bacteria, temperature, pH, nitrates, metals, etc. However, it is still

possible for a violation to occur, which could release higher levels of contaminants into the

receiving water.

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Golf Courses: Golf courses store and use significant quantities of lawn chemicals, including fertilizers,

herbicides, and pesticides. The storage, handling, and use of these chemicals are a concern for source

water protection. These chemicals should be properly stored in a building, and care must be taken to

prevent spills. If lawn chemicals are over-applied to turf, or applied shortly before a heavy rain, they

can be easily washed into nearby water bodies. Because golf courses typically mow grass right to the

edge of streams, the problem of lawn chemicals reaching a body of water is exacerbated. Erosion from

poorly maintained fairways can contribute sediment to nearby water bodies.

Industrial Mineral or Non-Coal Mining: Mining is typically undertaken to extract ores from deposits

of structurally stable rock formations. Both the excavation and operation of quarries or underground

mines can disrupt the existing aquifers and groundwater flow patterns. Water can then percolate

through the overburden and mix with mine wastes and other materials releasing acidity and metals.

The amount and type of reactions and the chemical quality of the mine or quarry drainage are functions

of the amount of reactive material present, characteristics of the overburden, and the amounts of air and

water available for chemical reactions.

Storage Tank Cleanup: Although some new USTs and ASTs have stringent installation requirements,

old tanks may rust and leak their contents into the soil and groundwater. In many cases, old storage

tanks were abandoned in place. Leaking tanks therefore pose a potential for groundwater and surface

water contamination by the material stored. These release incidents represent leaks, spills and overfills

which have occurred from storage tank systems regulated by Title 25 Chapter 245 Administration of

the Storage Tank and Spill Prevention Program. Releases from home heating oil tanks, which are not

regulated by Chapter 245, are not part of this list.

Wastewater Treatment Plants: Because wastewater treatment facilities are often located adjacent to

rivers, proper management and maintenance is critical. Many plants store disinfection chemicals such

as chlorine, sulfur dioxide, and bromine chlorides onsite. These chemicals must be carefully stored to

prevent an accidental release into the waterway. Facilities that receive wet weathers overflows may

cause the plant to exceed its capacity, resulting in a discharge of untreated or partially-treated sewage

to the waterway. Conveyance systems such as sewage mains and pump stations may also malfunction,

causing raw sewage to infiltrate into the groundwater.

Water Pollution Control Facilities: The facilities can include agricultural activities, biosolids

treatment, composting/processing of sewage sludge, discharge point to stream, land application of

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wastewater, manure management, stream outfalls, pipelines or conduits, pump stations, septage land

application, sewage or industrial wastewater treatment plant, storage of wastewater, or any facility that

covers a variety of industries.

Water Resource Discharges: A discharge represents the return of water used at a Water Resources

primary facility. The facility type may be a sewage treatment plant, in-stream discharge, spray

irrigation field, groundwater recharge, on-lot septic, or unidentified facility type.

4.4 Continued Maintenance of the PSOC Database

The PSOC update conducted in 2019 included the use of an online ArcGIS program, where the specific

PSOC results can be reviewed and evaluated by RAWA staff on an ongoing basis. PSOCs can change

over time, so it is important to maintain updated

information in order to understand potential threats to the

water supply. 25 Pa. Code § 109.713(a)(4) requires an

assessment for each source. As part of the ongoing

implementation of this source water protection plan, the

PSOC inventory will be reviewed by staff during annual

meetings to identify current and future potential threats to

the water sources. New PSOCs can be evaluated to assess

its potential threat to a water source in a similar way to

how the existing PSOCs were evaluated.

4.5 Land Use Assessment within Protection Areas

To assess possible management strategies for the source water protection areas, it is important to

understand the existing uses of Zone A and Zone B. Since land use can impact surface sources quickly,

the steering committee should regularly review methods of reducing potential threats within the

protection areas. Land use within Zone A can impact Lake Ontelaunee within 5 hours time-of-travel

in average flow conditions.

Table 4-2 summarizes land use in the protection areas based on the acreage and percentage of each

land use, and the highest rating in each of the four main land use categories; agriculture,

industrial/commercial, residential and transportation. Due to the size and complexity of the watershed,

only Zone A and Zone B had land use identified for this report. Zone A encompasses nearly 5,000

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acres, with undeveloped land and forested areas as the primary use (37%), and agricultural activities

covering 24% of Zone A. Zone B extends an additional 70,441 acres into the watershed, and 54% of

Zone B is used in agricultural areas.

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5.0 Contingency Planning

In the event of an emergency that could impact the water supply, immediate action is often critical in

preventing or minimizing contamination. As outlined in 25 Pa. Code § 109.707, the water supplier must

maintain preparedness procedures for safe and adequate drinking water under emergency

circumstances. [16] Possible emergency situations include a distribution system line break, power

outages, drought conditions, disinfection system failure, contamination of water supply, source pump

failure, and prolonged water outage. DEP provides additional Emergency Preparedness information

for community water systems and wastewater facilities, which can be found at this website:

http://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Water/BureauSafeDrinkingWater/EmergencyPreparedness/Pages/de

fault.aspx#.Vx5fzPkrKM8.

5.1 Types of Contamination Events

The DEP recognizes three general categories of contamination, and the general response required:

1. Bacteriological contamination – The water supply should be chlorinated at all times to control

bacterial contamination. Standby chlorination facilities – including a chlorinator, supporting

equipment, and supply of chemicals – should be available at all times for adequate disinfection

of the water supply.

2. Chemical contamination – In general, chemical contaminants will either be toxic, interfere with

the normal treatment process, or create taste and odor problems in the finished water. In the

event of contamination from a toxic chemical (e.g., heavy metal, cyanide, etc.), the water

system must refer to their ERP for procedures to continue service. Water rationing may be

required, and public notification should be given. If the water is deemed safe but the quality of

the finished water is affected, plans for additional or alternate treatment should be available.

Emergency stores of certain chemicals – such as activated carbon – may be required.

3. Other biological contamination – Non-bacteriological contamination from a biological source,

such as excessive algal growth, is more likely in surface water supplies than in groundwater.

Alternate or additional treatment processes may be required.

5.2 Emergency Response Planning

25 Pa. Code § 109.707 requires that community water suppliers develop a plan for the provision of safe

and adequate drinking water under emergency circumstances. RAWA recognizes that threats to potable

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water supplies can occur through both accidental and intentional spills and releases. The water system

is committed to minimizing the threat of a contamination event; it is also committed to having an

effective response plan if contamination of the water supply occurs.

Staff maintains an Emergency Response Plan

(ERP) that is updated annually and kept at the water

system office. The plan includes contact

information for all local officials, media, and

emergency responders. As recommended in

Section 5, the staff may wish to attach a one-page

fact sheet for each major PSOC in the protection

areas to the ERP. The fact sheet could include

information that would aid in spill response, such

as the type, location, and quantity of chemicals

stored at the facility.

As part of the contingency plan, corrective actions

for probable emergency situations are discussed,

along with specific procedures, aid agreements,

and equipment to be used. If a contamination event

were to occur, RAWA has approximately 2 days of

emergency supply capacity within 12 reservoirs

with a capacity of 66,370,000 gallons, plus the 20

million gallons held in the two clear water basins. The interconnections with Western Berks Water

Authority and Muhlenberg Township Authority can only supply RAWA with a portion of their average

daily demand.

If the ERP needs to be activated in case of source loss, the water system should first notify their DEP

Sanitarian, who will determine the need for an emergency permit. Staff will also contact local and

county emergency management, and water customers.

RAWA also participates in a notification system with the Berks County Department of Emergency

Services. Staff is notified via a message system when there is a spill or accident that may impact

waterways within the county.

Source Water Protection

Success Story

Erie County, Pennsylvania

Emergency Spill Response Trailers, 2017

Officials from the County of Erie and the

PA Department of Environmental

Protection unveiled new spill-response

trailers that will be used to aid in rapid

response to the release of hazardous

materials, including crude oil.

The Great Lakes Emergency Spill Response

Trailers are part of a collaborative effort

between the county and the PA DEP to help

ensure that first responders can get the

necessary equipment to the site of a

potential spill as quickly as possible.

Funding for the trailers and equipment was

provided by a $38,000 grant secured

through the PA DEP and the Environmental

Protection Agency’s Great Lakes

Restoration Initiative. The six trailers each

contain containment booms, oil-absorbent

pads, loose absorbent and more. [24]

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6.0 Protection of Water Supply Sources

As outlined in 25 Pa. Code § 109.707, the water supplier must maintain emergency preparedness as

discussed in the Contingency Planning section. Being fully prepared includes a serious evaluation of

alternative sources for both short-term and long-term supply, in the event that an existing source

becomes unusable or needs supplemental quantity.

While many suppliers may have redundancy built into their system, some situations will still require

the use of emergency sources. The establishment

and maintenance of reserve sources is a necessary

action for complete source water protection. This

may mean examination of obtaining additional

groundwater wells or springs, placing an intake in

a nearby stream, or constructing an interconnection

with another water system. Each of these

alternatives requires a substantial monitoring and

permitting process, so water systems are

encouraged to discuss this issue with their staff and

consultants as part of ongoing contingency

planning. The plan must address the source

protection measures that can be implemented today

for the water supply needed for tomorrow.

While the Maiden Creek intake is permitted as a

secondary source, it may not completely replace

the Lake Ontelaunee source if the filter plant

operates at capacity: The Maiden Creek intake is

only permitted for a maximum withdrawal of 20 million gallons per day, compared to the Lake’s

maximum permitted withdrawal of 35 million gallons per day. The second intake is also downstream

of the Lake intake, and therefore draws from the same water flow. Any contamination event that would

close the Lake intake could also impact the Maiden Creek intake. The current allocation permit from

DEP requires review of alternative or supplemental sources in case of emergency. Any additional

sources that may be identified in the future will be protection with the same management strategies

outlined in this plan.

Source Water Protection

Success Story

Berks County Nitrates Improvement in Groundwater, 2018

In the early 2000s, the nitrates level in the

Borough of Kutztown’s water supply were

approaching the maximum safe level for

drinking water. The Borough obtains its

water supply from groundwater wells in the

Saucony Creek Watershed, and provides

service for approximately 14,200 people

locally.

The Schuylkill Action Network Agricultural

Workgroup partners, which include

government agencies, non-profit

organizations, and private entities, worked

with the USDA-NRCS staff to install

conservation practices that protect and

improve water quality on farms within the

watershed. The nitrates levels monitored at

the Kutztown water treatment plant have

been reduced because of these voluntary

efforts. [20]

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RAWA maintains interconnections with two other nearby water systems that can help offset demand

in case of emergency. However, it may be difficult to provide water to the receiving systems in some

conditions without substantial additions to the distribution system.

However, RAWA staff is continually reviewing opportunities in their service area for potential ways

of being proactive in ensuring they have available supply for their customers, and address growth,

drought, and system flexibility into the future. In the event of a source failure, the water system will

work with the DEP for a feasibility study and permitting of new sources. Additional sources that may

be identified in the future will be protected with the same management strategies outlined in this plan.

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7.0 Source Water Protection Management Plan

This section describes the management options that RAWA can implement as part of this source water

protection plan. The management plan is intended to protect the source of water for the community

from present and/or future potential contaminants, including those identified in Section 4, with

reasonable and sustainable measures. The plan applies to the delineated protection areas and the

potential sources of contamination in these areas.

7.1 Current Source Water Protection Efforts

In addition to the public education and outreach described in Section 2.2, RAWA has been an

outstanding model for voluntary watershed protection efforts in the community. Many of these

activities described below are a direct result of the implementation strategies described in the 2007

Source Water Protection Plan.

RAWA is a Charter Member of Berks County Water & Sewer Association (BCWSA), which was

formed in 2013; staff participates on the Source Water Protection and Education Committees.

RAWA has committed to extensive voluntary water quality

sampling across the watershed, including:

Financially supporting the USGS stream gauge

located in Virginville at the confluence of the

Saucony Creek and Maiden Creek

12 sites selected by RAWA and consultants have

ongoing water quality monitoring throughout the

watershed. Monitoring and collaborative project sites are shown in two maps of the Maiden

Creek Watershed, displayed in Figure 7-1 and Figure 7-2.

Two of these nearest upstream sites have been selected to track the presence of impairments

that initiated the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) document developed for Lake

Ontelaunee. Nitrates, Total Phosphates, and Total Suspended Solids are graphed at Bailey’s

Creek (Figure 7-3), and Maiden Creek at Route 662 (Figure 7-4) since 2008.

10 former Schuylkill Action Network project sites are also monitored for chemicals and

macroinvertebrates in collaboration with the Partnership for the Delaware Estuary, Berks

Nature, the Berks County Conservation District, and Stroud Water Research Center. These

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56

analysis results are shared with selected partners within the Delaware River Watershed

Initiative projects, and used to gauge overall water quality on a seasonal basis.

Staff conducts ongoing watershed monitoring projects with Berks Nature on selected farms for

the EPA’s 319 program.

Ongoing monitoring collaboration with Philadelphia Water Department and Lehigh University

to determine the presence of Cryptosporidium in Lake Ontelaunee. Sampling events conducted

from 2015-2017 resulted in a positive Cryptosporidium detection in two of the 25 samples

taken (8.3%). The major host was determined to be from cattle, but also can be reported in

humans. [17] Additional monitoring by RAWA for Bacteroides at both intakes have helped

staff with determining the potential origin of Cryptosporidium through identifying whether the

results were from humans or animals.

Participate in the Lower Maiden Creek Watershed pilot study area for the USDA-Natural

Resource Conservation Service’s National Water Quality Initiative. The NWQI invests in

targeted funding and technical assistance to farmers in selected watersheds to improve the

water quality in high-priority streams. RAWA staff will serve as part of the volunteer

committee.

RAWA has partnered with the One Wish Foundation to provide hunting and fishing opportunities in

and around Lake Ontelaunee for children participating with the organization. The utility’s source water

protection activities have kept outdoor activities such as these possible.

In order to reduce wildlife and fowl concentrations at the Lake, RAWA has contracted the U.S.

Department of Agriculture to implement a goose management program to minimize pathogens effects

in Lake Ontelaunee.

In 2013, RAWA received the 2013 Exemplary Source Water

Protection Award for Large Systems from the American Water

Works Association, recognizing the development and

implementation of a strong and active source water protection

program.

RAWA staff and consultants have conducted targeted outreach to high-risk PSOC facilities upstream

of the intakes, such as battery manufacturers, mushroom growing facilities, and quarry/mining

operations.

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57

A cooperative effort with national and local Trout Unlimited chapters attained the delisting of stream

segments through the Unassessed Waters program.

In addition to staff resources, RAWA has also provided cost-share assistance for other organizations in

both Berks and Lehigh counties to pursue watershed improvements through on-the-ground agricultural

best management practices (BMPs), including conservation planning, tree plantings with Olivet clubs

and school students, and participation in the US Department of Agriculture’s Conservation Reserve

Enhancement Program. Staff also uses the Galerucella pusilla beetles as a biological control for

invasive plants like Purple Loosestrife from these properties to increase protection to local waterways.

In 2017, RAWA completed a project which dredged a volume of approximately 53,874 cubic yards of

sediment from the upper neck of Maiden Creek, and provided 10,881,848 gallons of additional water

storage.

7.2 Ongoing and Future Management Strategies Selected by the Water System

This section describes the management strategies that RAWA can pursue for source water protection,

building on the original list developed in 2007, and updating the initiatives at the 2019 annual steering

committee meeting. The inventory below is neither all-inclusive nor required - it is tailored to include

specific measures to address PSOCs in RAWA’s protection areas as well as general management

options to ensure comprehensive source water protection. Table 7-1 summarizes these watershed

improvement strategies within specific categories, and provides potential partners and a general

schedule for accomplishment:

Annual – this identifies management options that should be completed once every year.

Examples include updating the emergency response plan, holding a steering committee

meeting, and updating the PSOC inventory.

Priority – these are management options that the water system should consider implementing

soon after their source water protection plan is approved. Priority management options include

those that get the word out to the community about the source water protection plan and future

source water protection efforts.

Short-term – this identifies a management option that RAWA should consider completing

sooner rather than later, potentially within the first few years after approval of this plan. These

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58

options have a higher priority because they are more likely to have a significant effect

protecting the water supply.

Long-term – these management options are less critical and should be completed after most of

the short-term tasks are implemented.

Ongoing – these management options should be implemented as an opportunity arises. For

example, a farmer in a critical location might request assistance with a streambank protection

project. RAWA could provide financial or other in-kind support for this project that will protect

the water supply.

Steering Committee and Public Participation

1. Meet with the steering committee annually to address source water protection and other water

resources issues in the protection area. Review and update the inventory of existing and potential

PSOCs on a regular basis in accordance

with Chapter §109.713(a)(4). An annual

update form should be submitted to the

DEP-Southcentral Region office by March

31 of each subsequent year following

approval of the plan.

2. Maintain membership in the Berks County

Source Water Protection Steering

Committee to address water resources

issues in the Maiden Creek subbasin of the

Schuylkill River Watershed.

Public Education

3. Conduct public education for area

residents and customers regarding where

their water originates, and the importance

of source water protection. Continue

participating in local events as requested.

Some education tools include:

Update information on RAWA’s Source Water Protection webpage. Review the

information distributed through the Consumer Confidence Report to explain current

Source Water Protection

Success Story

Berks County

Source Water Protection Program, 2018

The Berks County Water & Sewer

Association is a non-profit group to advance

the operations of drinking water and sewer

services, provide training, and promote

cooperation among water and sewer service

utilities and other members. The BCW&SA

along with the Berks County Planning

Commission supported the development of

the Berks County Source Water Protection

Program, which provided county-wide

activities and education for all the drinking

water suppliers participating on the

committee.

The PA Department of Environmental

Protection recently recognized this project

for the 2018 Governor’s Award for

Environmental Excellence. [21]

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59

source water protection participation. Include general statements on the importance of

source water protection and how the public can participate.

Distribute printed media in the community. Methods can consist of information included

in water bills, newsletters, articles in the local paper, and distribution of educational

materials at fairs and other community events. Educational brochures were prepared and

given to the water system for distribution as needed. Copies of the brochures developed

by the BCWSA are included in Appendix B. Electronic versions of the brochures that can

be updated are included on the Report Media following this plan, and can be edited as

necessary.

Continue to work with Maidencreek and Ontelaunee Townships in distribution of source

water protection information regarding septic system maintenance.

The Talking About Pennsylvania (TAP) Water Kit was developed by the American

Water Works Association (AWWA). It contains lessons, activities, and a guide for

teachers based on state guidelines on teaching about water, and can be provided to local

schools and environmental clubs. A Compact Disc containing the entire curriculum is

included in Appendix B.

Show the PowerPoint slide presentation in Appendix B highlighting the elements of

RAWA’s source water protection plan, which can be shown to visitors, schools, local

organizations, and as a Public Service Announcement during community events or on

local television stations. The slideshow can be used with a presenter, or “looped” for

continuous play. A summary version is included in Appendix B, with an adaptable

PowerPoint file located on the Report Media.

4. Continue to work with students from surrounding school districts, such as Schuylkill Valley

Middle School and Reading High School in Berks County, and Northwestern Lehigh School

District. Partner with both Berks and Lehigh County Conservation Districts and Berks Nature

educators for classroom presentations to schools on the source of their water, treatment process,

and Source Water Protection.

Public Water Supply Zone Notification

5. Through the Berks County Water & Sewer Association and other organizations, educate

municipal officials, environmental organizations and agencies, and local businesses and

industries about the protection areas and source water protection. A letter to the high-risk

PSOC facilities can explain the importance of the protection areas, request cooperation with

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60

the steering committee, and inform the officials of the new plan. Follow the letter with a phone

call to solicit participation.

6. Maintain the Water Supply Area signs installed in local municipalities.

Watershed Partnerships

7. Collaborate with staff from the Partnership of the Delaware Estuary, Berks Nature, the Berks

County and Lehigh County Conservation Districts, the PA Department of Environmental

Protection, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Schuylkill Action Network, and the

USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service in managing overlapping source water

protection activities in the Maiden Creek Watershed on Delaware River Watershed Initiative

and National Water Quality Initiative projects.

8. Continue sharing water quality monitoring data with the Delaware River Watershed Initiative

and Schuylkill Action Network organizations for baseline information on watershed

improvement project sites.

9. Continue participation with the Schuylkill Action Network Agricultural Workgroup and

partners for installation of best management practices projects in the Maiden Creek Watershed.

Watershed Management

10. Maintain the water quality monitoring database implemented in 2008 and updated monthly

with new sampling results conducted by RAWA staff. Continue to monitor the nutrient and

sediment parameters in the Lake Ontelaunee TMDL to chart water quality improvements. Add

information from the plant’s SCADA monitoring system when practical.

11. Continue annual tree-planting events around Lake Ontelaunee and streambank restoration

projects as requested. Encourage farmers to enroll in the USDA-Conservation Resource

Enhancement program to help reduce erosion issues.

12. Continue targeted outreach to high-risk PSOC facilities about cooperating in source water

protection activities, including golf courses, upstream dischargers, battery production

operations, railroads, and mushroom farms. Us the 2019 ArcGIS online program to view

PSOCs and related information within the protection areas.

13. Continue ongoing strategies to reduce Cryptosporidium results at the secondary intake on the

Maiden Creek, including maintaining the goose management program with the USDA to

minimize contaminants in Lake Ontelaunee, providing education for septic system

maintenance with Ontelaunee Township residents, and additional chemical monitoring as

necessary.

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14. Work with the USDA’s Plant Protection and Quarantine program to determine the best methods

of purple loosestrife management, including biocontrol methods, such as the Gallarucella

pusilla beetles.

15. Continue participation in the Voluntary Public Access and Habitat Incentive Program,

administered by the USDA’s Natural Resources and Conservation Service (NRCS). This grant

program helps to increase public access to private lands for outdoor recreation. Continue future

collaboration in a PA Game Commission grant program for invasive plant removal activities,

such as cutting, spraying, and planting native vegetation.

16. Maintain partnership with USDA in ongoing goose harassment program to reduce pathogens

from resident populations on Lake Ontelaunee. Deploy groundhog management methods to

preserve the structural integrity of the earthen dam.

Emergency Planning

17. Review and update the Emergency Response Plan annually to ensure all contact information

and response activities are up-to-date. Participate in any emergency tabletop exercises

available to staff.

18. Consider the feasibility of other raw water sources to ensure adequate water supply in case of

the loss of the primary source or other emergency. Work with adjacent water systems for

contingency interconnections to supply RAWA with water.

19. Maintain contact with Berks County and DEP-Southcentral Region emergency coordinators,

and provide information on source water protection areas. Request immediate notification if a

spill or release is reported within protection areas. Attend a Local Emergency Planning

Committee meeting to review the source water protection plan with emergency planners.

20. Continue membership in the Delaware Valley Early Warning System, and communicate any

potential contamination issues to downstream users in the Schuylkill River.

MS4 and Stormwater Management

21. Work with Maidencreek Township and Ontelaunee Township staff in support of

implementation of localized Best Management Practices to improve quality of stormwater

runoff that may impact the Maiden Creek. Ensure that water supplier contact information is

current and included in any township facility spill response plans.

22. Consider attending the Schuylkill Action Network Stormwater Workgroup and the Berks

County MS4 Steering Committee to promote source water protection as part of stormwater

management. Provide education to MS4 communities in the protection areas upon request.

108501.0036 RAWA

62

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108501.0036 RAWA

63

8.0 Implementing and Sustaining the Source Water Protection Program

The Reading Area Water Authority management and staff recognize that the sustainability of this

source water protection program is an important tool to ensure successful improvements to the

watersheds over time. During the development of this program, staff discussed the need for ongoing

leadership and financial support after the implementation/management plan has been completed.

System Evaluations and Assessments are required to be performed annually by the water system in 25

Pa. Code § 109.705(a)(1) and (2) of the Safe Drinking Water Regulations.

8.1 Maintenance of Source Water Protection Program

RAWA realizes that communication with an intricate network of employees and partners will be

required for the ongoing success of the program. A commitment to the vision, activities, and financial

resources described in Section 7 must be supported by both management and staff, and reviewed

periodically to ensure that goals and objectives are clear and sustainable.

8.2 Short- and Long-Term Implementation Goals

Table 8-1 can be used as an implementation plan for protecting the RAWA water supply. Each

management strategy discussed in Section 7.2 may assign a person/organization responsible for

attaining the activity, a timeframe or deadline to be accomplished, and possible financial and human

resources needed to achieve the objective.

These activities and timeframes are voluntary, and any instances of missing intended goals do not have

any consequence to RAWA or its staff. The management strategies outlined in this program are

reviewed and evaluated at annual meetings, and prioritized according to RAWA’s need to optimize its

water system. New strategies may be added to the implementation list, and other options may be

discontinued or suspended as human and financial resources are allocated.

8.3 Annual Reporting

Under 25 Pa. Code § 109.713(b), community water systems must submit an annual report to DEP once

their source water protection plan has been approved. The report may include a summary of steering

committee meetings, educational efforts, or other steps taken to implement their source water protection

plan. Leadership supporting the source water protection program can provide county-wide

108501.0036 RAWA

64

management strategies to be included in this update. The annual reporting form is included in

Appendix C, which should be submitted to the DEP-Southcentral Region office by March 31 of each

subsequent year following implementation of the program.

108501.0036 RAWA

65

9.0 References

[1] "Reading Area Water Authority," [Online]. Available:

http://www.readingareawater.com/about-us/. [Accessed 10 July 2017].

[2] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), "Benefits and Costs of Prevention:

Case Studies of Community Wellhead Protection," EPA Office of Ground Water and

Drinking Water, 1995.

[3] Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, "025 PA Code Chapter 109

Safe Drinking Water; General Updates and Fees," Pennsylvania Bulletin, Vol. 48, No.

33, August 18, 2018.

[4] Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, "025 PA Code Chapter

109.713," Pennsylvania Bulletin, Vol. 48, No. 33, August 18, 2018.

[5] Spotts, Stevens and McCoy, "Lake Ontelaunee and Maiden Creek Watershed Source

Water Protection Plan for Reading Area Water Authority," 2007.

[6] Reading Area Water Authority (RAWA), "Source Water Protection," [Online].

Available: http://www.readingareawater.com/source-water/. [Accessed 12 July 2017].

[7] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, "Total Maximum Daily Load for

Nutrients and Suspended Sediment - Lake Ontelaunee, Berks & Lehigh County,

Pennsylvania," 9 August 2004. [Online]. Available:

https://ofmpub.epa.gov/waters10/attains_impaired_waters.show_tmdl_document?p_tm

dl_doc_blobs_id=75155. [Accessed 19 July 2017].

[8] Lori Burkert, P.G., "Source Water Protection Plan: Maiden Creek Time-of-Travel

Update Technical Report," Entech Engineering, 2016.

[9] Spotts, Stevens, McCoy, "Lake Ontelaunee and Maiden Creek Watershed Source

Water Protection Plan," Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, 2007.

[10] "Delaware River Watershed Initiative," William Penn Foundation, 2014. [Online].

Available: http://www.drwi.net/middle-schuylkill. [Accessed 22 August 2017].

[11] Partnership for the Delaware Estuary and Stroud Water Research Center, "Lower

Maiden Creek Watershed Implementation Plan," William Penn Foundation,

Philadelphia, PA, 2017.

[12] Berks County Conservation District, "Maiden Creek Watershed Water Quality

Report," Berks County, PA, 2018.

[13] USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, "National Water Quality Initiative

Program," [Online]. Available:

https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/water/?cid=stelprdb1047761

. [Accessed 18 February 2019].

[14] USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, "Maiden Creek Watershed

Assessment," 2019.

[15] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), "2000 National Water Quality

Inventory," Document EPA-841-R-02-001, 2002.

[16] Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, "Chapter §109.707 Emergency

Response Plan," 2018.

108501.0036 RAWA

66

[17] Lehigh University and Philadelphia Water Department, "Schuylkill River Watershed

Cryptosporidium Source Tracking," 2018.

[18] R. Jones, "Pennsylvania DEP Expects no Long-term Problems from Fuel Tanker Spill

Near Duncannon," 28 July 2010. [Online]. Available:

http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2010/07/dep_expects_no_long-

term_probl.html. [Accessed 11 August 2010].

[19] C. Kozacek, "Lake Erie Utilities and Organizations React to Algae Toxins in Drinking

Water," 7 August 2014. [Online]. Available:

http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2014/world/lake-erie-utilities-organizations-

react-algae-toxins-drinking-water/. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

[20] USDA-Natural Resource Conservation Service, "Farm Community Effort Leads to

Improved Drinking Water for Thousands," [Online]. Available:

https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2018/03/16/farm-community-effort-leads-improved-

drinking-water-thousands. [Accessed 19 March 2018].

[21] "Berks County Water & Sewer Association," [Online]. Available:

https://www.albright.edu/about-albright/offices-departments/center-for-excellence-in-

local-government/bcwsa/. [Accessed 15 February 2018].

[22] West Virginia American Water Company (WVAWC), Direct communication

summarizing the January 9, 2014 Elk River Spill, 2018.

[23] Tom Beamer, Bill Hill, Brett Loski, "New Oxford Municipal Authority," Keystone

Tap, p. 24, Spring 2017.

[24] Maryann Mook, "Erie County, DEP unveil spill-response equipment," 14 April 2017.

[Online]. Available:

http://www.thecorryjournal.com/north_east_news_journal/news/article_e51ffa9e-

2044-11e7-9b87-c7e8d67023f4.html. [Accessed 25 September 2018].

Tables

Table 1-1

Source Water Protection Case Studies

Reading Area Water Authority

PWSID #3060059

Berks County, PA

Source Water Protection Technical Assistance Program

Community Type of Problem Response to Problem Costs

Willow Grove &

Warminster, PA

PFCs from firefighting

foam in groundwater

Redevelopment of land,

well testing &

remediation. Long term

actions needed

$27 million by Navy and

Air Force as of 2016

(ongoing) www.philly.com

Hanover, PA

Excess runoff from

fertilizer plant fire –

contaminated drinking

water and fish kill

Water system

shutdown, remediation

of ground and surface

waters

$10.5 million for

environmental cleanup,

and an undisclosed

settlement to PA Fish &

Boat Commission www.eveningsun.com

Charleston, WV

Coal washing

chemical, MCMH,

released into Elk River

Drinking water for

300,000 shut off for

days, state of

emergency in 9

counties, remediation

of surface water

$150 million settlement

to residents and

businesses plus cleanup

costs www.npr.org

Flint, MI

Corrosive water from

Flint River in an aged

water system causing

lead poisoning

Installation of water

filters, state of

emergency in Flint,

distribution of bottled

water, switch water

source back to Detroit,

replace water lines to

thousands of homes,

extensive investigations

and lawsuits

$16.4 million for initial

response, Congress

approves $170 million to

address ongoing issues. www.usnews.com

Tallahassee, FL TCE in groundwater Enhanced treatment

$2.5 million plus

$110,000 per year to

operate

Pittsfield, ME Landfill leachate in

groundwater

Replace supply,

remediation $1.5 million

Rouseville, PA Petroleum, chlorides

in groundwater Replace supply

$300,000+ (to date)

Atlanta, MI VOCs in groundwater Replace supply $500,000 - $600,000

Montgomery

County, MD

Solvent, Freon in

groundwater

Install county water

lines, provide free

water

$3 million plus

$45,000/year for 50 years

Milwaukee, WI Cryptosporidium in

drinking water

Upgrade water system;

immediate water utility,

city health dept. costs

$89 million to upgrade

system; millions in

immediate costs

Hereford, TX Fuel oil in

groundwater Replace supply $180,000

Coeur d’Alene,

ID TCE in groundwater Replace supply $500,000

Orange County

Water District,

CA

Nitrates, salts,

selenium, VOCs in

groundwater

Remediation, enhanced

treatment, replace

supply

$54 million capital costs

Source: www.lgean.org/html/pdf/154.pdf. Local Government Environmental Assistance Network.

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

1

MAIDEN CREEK

FILTRATION

PLANT

108 BERKLEY RD

READING PA 19605NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 564719 -75.9392 40.4281

NPDES:PA0051781, PA-

EFACTS:PA0051781, AST, UST, 1500

HZSUB, 500 HZSUB

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.05 0.05

2BERKS PRODUCTS

QUARRYOFF RT. 61

Water Resource

DischargeA S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 262670 -75.9392 40.4307

ACTIVE, MAIDEN CREEK DIS

DISCHARGE;ACTIVE, SEPTIC

DISCHARGE; AIR EMISS-DRILLING,

DEGREASERS,CRUSHING

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.14 0.14

3 RT. 61 BRIDGE RT. 61 & MAIDEN CREEKTransportation

Stream CrossingA 2007 A A A 0 -75.9384 40.4323

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.24 0.24

4

V & M TOWING

(FORMERLY

HERBERT W

HEFFNER

TRUCKING)

81 BERKLEY PARK RD

READING PA 19605

Municipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 788317 -75.9376 40.4320

PROCESSING FACILITY, UST, AST,

DIESL, USDOL

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.28 0.28

5ONTELAUNEE

TWP MS4

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 613085 -75.9361 40.4331

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-MUNICIPAL

DISCHARGE POINT

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.40 0.40

6 RR TIES RT. 612007 Field

VerificationA 2007 B B B 0 -75.9360 40.4299

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.53 0.53

7EJB PAVING &

MATERIALS

ROUTE 61 & 73

LEESPORT PA 19533Residual Waste A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 505153 -75.9475 40.4328

INACTIVE, PROCESSING FACILITY,

8000 DIESL, AST

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 0.54 0.54

8WILEYS BRIDGE

LEAD SITE

INTERSECTION OF

BOWERS RD AND

WILEYS LANE READING

PA 19605

Superfund -

CERCLISA S M H H H H H H 2019 A 0 -75.9267 40.4396 SEMS:PAN000303646

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.18 1.18

9RAWA ZINC

INJECTION SITE 2

5064 POTTSVILLE PIKE

REAR READING PA 19605Storage Tank A S M H H M H H H 2019 C 565060 -75.9452 40.4393 500gal HZSUB

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.27 1.27

10BERKS PRODUCTS

ONTELAUNEE

ROUTE 61 & 73

LEESPORT PA 19533Storage Tank A S M H H M H H H 2019 C 565121 -75.9457 40.4397

540gal HZSUB, PA-EFACTS, EPA, AIR,

PAEFACTS

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.27 1.27

11

BLUE FALLS

GROVE WATER

PARK

NEAR BOWERS LANE2007 Field

VerificationA 2007 C C C 0 -75.9264 40.4408

Currently out of business 2/2014; Former

BOWERS WATER PARK

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.32 1.32

12

NEW ENTERPRISE

STONE & LIME CO

INC LEESPORT

QUARRY

5344 POTTSVILLE PIKE

READING PA 19605-9727

Water Resource

DischargeA S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 742658 -75.9469 40.4383

ACTIVE, SEPTIC, NPDES DISCH

POINT, SURF MINE; RES WASTE PRO

FAC; AIRS/AFS, PA-EFACTS, IND MIN

MINE

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.33 1.33

13 RUTTER'S #81

15 NEW ENTERPRISE

DRIVE LEESPORT PA

19533

NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.9472 40.4394 NPDES:PAC060149

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.34 1.34

Point Source Potential Sources of Contamination - August 2019

Reading Area Water Authority

Berks County, PA

Table 4-1

Page 1 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

14

LIBERTY EXCAV

INC/BERKS PROD

ONTELAUNEE

167 BERKS PRODUCTS

DR LEESPORT PA 19533-

8686

EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2019 C 0 -75.9483 40.4374 PA-EFACTS:23-2023985-14

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.42 1.42

15ERNEST MARTIN

ON FARM

SLATER RD BERKLY PA

19605Storage Tank A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 565435 -75.9208 40.4406 8000gal HO, AST, DIESL

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 1.85 1.85

16 RT. 73 BRIDGE RT. 73 & MAIDEN CREEKTransportation

Stream CrossingA 2007 A A A 0 -75.9313 40.4470

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 0.01 0.01

17MAIDEN CREEK

TWP MS4

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 613112 -75.9113 40.4453

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-MUNICIPAL

DISCHARGE POINT

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

MAIDENCREEK 2.16 2.16

18ONTELAUNEE

TWP MS4

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 613085 -75.9386 40.4428

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-MUNICIPAL

DISCHARGE POINT

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 2.26 2.26

19

SCHUYLKILL

VALLEY HIGH

SCHOOL STADIUM

IMPROVEMENTS

929 LAKESHORE DRIVE

LEESPORT PA 19533NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.9414 40.4421 NPDES:PAC060036

MAIDEN

CREEK

INTAKE

ONTELAUNEE 2.42 2.42

20MAIDEN CREEK

TWP MS4

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 613112 -75.9136 40.4494

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-MUNICIPAL

DISCHARGE POINT

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 0.65 *not calculated

21

SCHUYLKILL

VALLEY

INTERMEDIATE

SCH

ONTELAUNEE DR

LEESPORT PA 19533Storage Tank A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 565101 -75.9437 40.4498 10000gal HO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 0.78 *not calculated

22

ASHLEY

FURNITURE IND

INC

45 ASHLEY WAY

LEESPORT PA 19533NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.9438 40.4496

NPDES, OSHA-OIS, PA-EFACTS,

RCRAINFO, ACT, HAZ GEN CAPTIVE,

EPA, EFACTS, CAP HAZ WASTE, RES

WASTE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 0.78 *not calculated

23RAWA - LAKE

ONTELAUNEE

64 KINDT CORNER RD

SHOEMAKERSVILLE PA

19555

NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.9399 40.4590NPDES:PAG153503, PA-

EFACTS:PAG153503

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 0.87 *not calculated

24KV MUSHROOMS

INC

1023 OLD

SHOEMAKERSVILLE RD

SHOEMAKERSVILLE PA

19555

Storage Tank A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 565560 -75.9354 40.4655 8000gal HOLAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 1.04 129.30

25

READING AREA

WATH AUTH

LANDFILL

RESIDUAL WASTE

LANDFILLNPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.9113 40.4716 NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 1.39 *not calculated

27

NEDRA KOLLER

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 540649 -75.9319 40.4686 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 1.45 129.71

28 MATERION SHOEMAKERSVILLE RD Storage Tank A S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 450819 -75.9473 40.4761

2-4900 Gal OTHER, 2-1250 Gal HZSUB,

4200 Gal HZSUB, 4950 Gal HZSUB;

Previously BRUSH WELLMAN

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEONTELAUNEE 1.91 130.17

29RAIL CROSSING -

PETERS CREEKPETERS CREEK

Railroad Stream

CrossingA 2007 B B B 0 -75.9008 40.4627

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 1.91 *not calculated

Page 2 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

30

UNNAMED

DOLOMITE

QUARRY

Industrial

Mineral MiningA S H H H MH H H H 2007 B B B 0 -75.9058 40.4598

Inactive; Remant quarry pit 2007 field ver-

suggested rank B

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.04 *not calculated

31LEHIGH CEMENT

EVANSVILLE PLT

537 EVANSVILLE RD,

FLEETWOOD, PA, 19522

Storage Tank

CleanupA S M H H H H H H 2007, 2014 B A A 0 -75.8942 40.4717

UST-PetroL, Inactive; IND MIN MINING,

SURF MINE;NPDES DISCH-MAIDEN

CREEK;AIR EMISS; EPA-TRIS, RCRA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.28 *not calculated

32

UNLIMITED

GREEN AMERICA

INC FLEETWOOD

MAIDENCREEK

1246 MAIDENCREEK

ROAD FLEETWOOD PA

19522

EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2019 C 23539 -75.8942 40.4657 PA-EFACTS:NNOEXSC172LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.50 *not calculated

33RUFF EDGE

FARMSPO BOX 69 EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2014 C C 0 -75.9225 40.4802 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.50 28.27

34

MONEYS FOODS

VLASIC FARMS

MUSHROOM

FARM

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 252717 -75.8936 40.4658

INACTIVE, INDUSTRIAL WASTE

PRODUCTION SERVICE UNIT; AIR

EMISS-COMBUST UNIT, BOILER

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.52 *not calculated

35

JOJAZ YARD

WASTE COMPOST

SITE

Municipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 611319 -75.8924 40.4651 COMPOSTING

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.59 *not calculated

36CUSTOM MILLING

& CONSULTING1246 MAIDENCREEK RD Residual Waste A S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 646161 -75.8933 40.4657

ACTIVE, GENERATOR; EPA REG-HAZ

WASTE RCRA, PA-EFACTS,

RCRAINFO, TSCA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.59 *not calculated

37 REDI CYCLE LLC Residual Waste A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 835695 -75.8898 40.4639 ACTIVE, TRANSFER STATIONLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.62 *not calculated

38

ZWICKY

MAIDENCREEK

QUARRY &

RECYCLING

BUENA VISTA ROAD

NEAR WATER STREET

Industrial

Mineral MiningA S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 625727 -75.8914 40.4800

RECLAMATION COMPLETED,

SURFACE MINE; MUNI WASTE; AIR

EMISS; EPA REG-PA-EFACTS RANK C

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.64 *not calculated

39HEFFNER FARM 2

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 648144 -75.9389 40.4903 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 2.81 30.26

40ECKMAN ZWICKY

RESTORATION

220 BUENA VISTA ROAD

FLEETWOOD PA 19522-

8533

NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 23491 -75.8870 40.4812 NPDES:PAC060207, EPA, PA-EFACTSLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 2.99 *not calculated

41

ELEANOR HAFER

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 540648 -75.9083 40.4925 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 3.11 26.74

42MAIDENCREEK

PLAZA

100 PLAZA DRIVE

BLANDON PA 19510-9475NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 6503 -75.8910 40.4532 NPDES:PAC060155

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 3.19 *not calculated

43VENEZIA

HAULING

500 EVANSVILLE RD,

FLEETWOOD, PA,

Storage Tank

CleanupA S M H H H H H H 2014 A A 0 -75.8845 40.4703 AST, Cleanup Completed

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 3.22 *not calculated

44

GLORIA GERHARD

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 540565 -75.9144 40.4911 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 3.40 27.04

45Rich Maiden Golf

course

Water Resource

DischargeA S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 452367 -75.8758 40.4786

ACTIVE, GR WATER RCH

DISCHARGE; GOLF COURSE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 3.55 *not calculated

Page 3 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

46Pleasant Hill Golf

Course1302 PLEASANT HILL RD

Water Resource

DischargeA S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 452362 -75.8741 40.4733

ACTIVE, GROUND RECHARGE

DISCHARGE; GOLF COURSE; EPA

REG-PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAIDENCREEK 3.68 *not calculated

47

ESTHER

ZIMMERMAN

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 540647 -75.9072 40.5061 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.01 27.64

48

IVAN

ZIMMERMAN

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 707093 -75.8892 40.5111 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.07 13.10

49

NATL EARTH

PROD MOLL PROP

QUARRY

Industrial

Mineral MiningA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 449167 -75.8700 40.4931 INACTIVE, SURFACE MINE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 4.10 *not calculated

50

DANIEL RAY

PENNELL

TRUCKING

KEIR RD PERRYOPOLIS

PA 15473Storage Tank A S M H H M H H H 2019 C 574856 -75.8866 40.5137 1000gal DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.14 13.17

51 SITE 29 RIDGE B

365 STONE HILL RD

SHOEMAKERSVILLE PA

19555-9448

Storage Tank A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 564957 -75.9295 40.5011 290gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.36 27.99

52

H & K CONCRETE

HARVEY GEORGE

CONCRETE MFG

PLT VIRGINVILLE

Air Emission

PlantA S M L H MH H M H 2014 B B 521675 -75.8748 40.5256

PROCESS, READY MIX CONCRETE

PLT; AST- DIESL RANK C

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.43 13.47

53RAHNS CONST

MATERIAL

207 MAIN ST

VIRGINVILLE PA 19564Storage Tank A S M H H M H H H 2019 C 694824 -75.8735 40.5247 3000gal DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 4.48 13.51

54QUAIL RIDGE

FARM CAFO

1211 MOSLEM SPRINGS

RDEPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2014 C C 0 -75.9146 40.5061 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.50 28.13

55GILARONE & SON

MFG

Water Resource

DischargeA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 443511 -75.8703 40.5211 ACTIVE, SEPTIC DISCHARGE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 4.68 13.72

56

RICHMOND

TOWNSHIP-

VIRGINVILLE

WWTP

FIRST STREET

VIRGINVILLE PA 19564NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.8700 40.5200

NPDES:PA0260975, PA-

EFACTS:PA0260975

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 4.73 13.77

57

MIL JOY FARM 1

SITE 3 BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530624 -75.8819 40.5308 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.83 13.87

58

RON WEYER

FARM C

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530623 -75.8897 40.5219 INACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.85 13.89

59

PAUL CHRISTMAN

FARM 1

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530614 -75.9181 40.5139 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 4.94 28.58

60 RT. 662 BRIDGERT. 662 & MOSELEM

CREEK

Transportation

Stream CrossingA 2007 A A A 0 -75.8501 40.4994

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 4.96 14.00

Page 4 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

61

YOUSE RES

WASTEWATER

DISCHARGE

236 HARD HILL RD

HAMBURG PA 19526NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 A B B 0 -75.8658 40.5106

NPDES, PA-EFACTS, PCS; 2007 FIELD

VER

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 5.01 14.05

62

RON WEYER

FARM B

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530621 -75.8897 40.5275 INACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.09 14.12

63

STEVE BASHORE

REMODELING &

BUILDING

Municipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 812170 -75.9081 40.5167 PROCESSING FACILITY

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.11 14.15

64ART LUFT FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530619 -75.9003 40.5219 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.12 14.15

65SUNDAY FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Municipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 251973 -75.8586 40.5278

ACTIVE, LAND APPLICATION;

BENEFICIAL LAND USE-ACTIVE

BIOSOLIDS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 5.16 14.20

66

RON WEYER

FARM A

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530620 -75.8897 40.5331 INACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.26 14.30

67

ERNEST MILLER

MIL-JOY FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Municipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 252920 -75.9083 40.5236

ACTIVE, LAND APPLICATION;

BENEFICIAL LAND USE-ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.45 14.49

68CHRISTMAN LAKE

STP140 CHRISTMAN RD NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 0 -75.8849 40.5439 NPDES, PA-EFACTS, PCS, 2007 field ver

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 5.46 14.50

69FLIPPIN FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 728995 -75.8411 40.5008 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 5.47 14.51

70

CHARLES S

COLEMAN WOOD

PROC FAC

Residual Waste A S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 241170 -75.8800 40.5497 ACTIVE, PROCESSING FACILITYLAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 5.48 14.51

71 SFS HORLACHER147 SEIGER RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.8541 40.5152

NPDES:PA0261947, PA-

EFACTS:PA0261947

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 5.51 14.55

72

STANLEY

DERSTINE FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530628 -75.9161 40.5206 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.55 14.58

73JOHN M HILL

MACH CO233 FARVIEW RD

Captive

Hazardous

Waste

A S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 716424 -75.8999 40.5289ACTIVE; EPA REG HAZ WASTE-

RCRA, PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.60 14.64

74 PHARES W FRY210 VIRGINVILLE RD

HAMBURG PA 19526-8608Storage Tank A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 564573 -75.8965 40.5329 4000gal DIESL, GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.69 14.72

75KEHL BROS FARM

2 BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 529677 -75.8839 40.5522 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 5.71 14.75

76RICHMOND TWP

MS411 KEHL DR EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2014 C C 0 -75.8415 40.4893 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 5.76 14.80

77

MIL JOY FARM 1

(SITES 1& 2)

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530625 -75.9067 40.5303 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 5.95 14.98

Page 5 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

78

KEHL HOME

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 758011 -75.8358 40.4914 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 6.03 15.06

79

MIL JOY FARM 1

(SITES 1& 2)

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530625 -75.9014 40.5361 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 6.11 15.15

80 CHRISTMAN LDFLMunicipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 240368 -75.8925 40.5492 INACTIVE, LANDFILL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 6.13 15.16

81HEFFNER FARM 3

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 707179 -75.8286 40.4922 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 6.13 15.17

82

DENNIS

CHRISTMAN

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 530642 -75.8931 40.5494 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 6.14 15.18

83Fairview Greens Golf

CourseGolf Course A S M H H M H H H 2019 C 0 -75.9150 40.5292

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEPERRY 6.25 15.29

84

CONTEL PA QS

NEW SMITHVILLE

CT 186

T 852 & LR39082

LENHARTSVILLE PA

19534

Storage Tank A S M H H MH H H H 2019 B 580320 -75.8798 40.5703 500gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 6.32 15.35

85

HEALTH CTR AT

MOSELEM

SPRINGS

14351 KUTZTOWN RDMunicipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 454975 -75.8385 40.4861

ACTIVE, MUNICIPAL WASTE

GENERATOR; EPA REG PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 6.39 15.43

86

WALBERT

FUNERAL HOME

FLEETWOOD

14390 KUTZTOWN RD

FLEETWOOD PA 19522-

8761

Air Emission

PlantA S M L H MH H M H 2019 B 769240 -75.8367 40.4858

FUEL MATERIAL LOC, NATURAL

GAS PIPELINE, PROPANE TANK; AIR-

HUMAN CREMATOR, EPA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 6.40 15.43

87Berkleigh Golf Club

Golf Course

14623 Kutztown Road

Kutztown PA

Water Resource

DischargeA S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 444072 -75.8220 40.4980

ACTIVE, GR WATER RCH

DISCHARGE; GOLF COURSE; EPA

REGULATED

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 6.46 15.49

88SEIDEL FARMS

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 718845 -75.9083 40.5500 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 6.48 15.51

89HAROLD ADAM

GARBAGE COResidual Waste A S M H H MH H H H 2015 B B 0 -75.9084 40.5427

Trash hauling; Same site as a William Penn

project sampling location; Added October

2015

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWINDSOR 6.52 15.55

90 BRUNO PROPMunicipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 757392 -75.8802 40.5740 ACTIVE, PROCESSING FACILITY

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 6.53 15.56

91TREICHLER FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 724747 -75.8369 40.5422 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 6.68 15.72

92 I-78 BRIDGE I-78 & MAIDEN CREEKTransportation

Stream CrossingA 2007 A A A 0 -75.8870 40.5764

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 6.76 15.79

93LENHARTSVILLE

GARAGE

90 PENN ST,

LENHARTSVILLE, PA

19534

Storage Tank

CleanupA S M H H H H H H 2007, 2014 D A A 0 -75.8885 40.5724

FRMR SUNOCO; UST-Petrol, Interim or

Rem Actions Init; MUNI WASTE-PROC

FAC; USTs; EPA REG-RANK C

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELENHARTSVILLE 6.76 15.79

94LENHARTSVILLE

BORO WWTP

39 WEST PENN ST.

LENHARTSVILLENPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 0 -75.8904 40.5747 NPDES, PCS; 2007 FEILD VER

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELENHARTSVILLE 6.86 15.89

Page 6 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

95

LEHIGH CEMENT

RICHMOND 5

QUARRY

Industrial

Mineral MiningA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 256045 -75.8197 40.5094

ACTIVE, SURFACE MINE, NPDES

DISCHARGE POINT; AIR EMISS-

NONMETALLIC MIN

MINING&PROCESSING

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 7.17 16.20

96

KEHL BROS FARM

3A &3B BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 529716 -75.8858 40.5867 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.40 16.43

97

TODD BENJAMIN

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 691807 -75.9011 40.5850 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.46 16.49

98KUTZTOWN AUTO

CO

ROUTE 222 & CRYSTAL

CAVE RD KUTZTOWN

PA 19530

Storage Tank

CleanupA S M H H H H H H 2019 A 579785 -75.8053 40.5049

Interim or Remedial Actions Initiated,

ULGAS, 10000 HO, 1000 GAS, UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 7.48 16.52

99

PLUSHANSKI

FARMS DAIRY

CAFO

166 RAHN RDWater Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 618301 -75.8375 40.5619

ACTIVE, CONCENTRATED ANIMAL

FEED OPERATION STORAGE UNIT;

EPA REG-NPDES PERMIT, PCS, PA-

EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.51 16.55

100 KAREN KUHNS 1685 ROUTE 143 NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8890 40.5910 NPDES, PCSLAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.64 16.68

101KEHL BROS FARM

4 BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 493624 -75.8633 40.5839 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.68 16.71

102

SAUCONY CREEK

BREWING

COMPANY, LLC

15032 KUTZTOWN ROAD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2019 C 0 -75.7975 40.5014 OSHA-OIS:340476290

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 7.73 16.76

103KUNKELS SAW &

MOWER15031 KUTZTOWN RD EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2014 C C 0 -75.7975 40.5015 ICIS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 7.75 16.78

104

MENTE

CHEVROLET

OLDSMOBILE INC

15032 KUTZTOWN RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

9275

Storage Tank A S M H H M H H H 2019 C 512554 -75.7970 40.5016 1000gal GAS, USDOL, NMO, USTLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 7.76 16.79

105

GST

AUTOLEATHER

FLEETWOOD PLT

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 245003 -75.8186 40.5472

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-

INDUSTRIAL, DISCHARGE POINT

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.91 16.94

106JERRY SEASER &

DAWN O'NEILL

CHURCH HILL &

KOHLER HILL RDSNPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8487 40.5720 NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 7.98 17.02

107BLUE ROCKS

CAMPGROUND341 SOUSLEY RD EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.9090 40.5920 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 8.11 17.14

108HAMPTON INN &

SUITES

15080 KUTZTOWN ROAD

MAXATAWNY,

TOWNSHIP OF PA 19530

NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7919 40.5048 NPDES:PAD060012LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 8.22 17.25

109AUTOZONE STORE

#6799

15100 KUTZTOWN ROAD

MAXATAWNY PA 19530NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7900 40.5059 NPDES:PAD060005

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 8.22 17.26

110ROBIN HILL

CAMPGROUND149 ROBIN HILL ROAD NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8569 40.5878 NPDES, PA-EFACTS, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 8.34 17.37

Page 7 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

111CARL M WEBER

STEEL SVCROUTE 737 N

Storage Tank

CleanupB S M H H H H H H 2007, 2014 D A B 0 -75.7833 40.5317

2-UST-Petrol, inactive; 2 ACTIVE AST-

GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 8.47 17.51

112MAXATAWNY

TWP MUNI AUTHKRUMSVILLE RD NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7867 40.5307 NPDES, PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 8.53 17.57

113

KUTZTOWN

QUARRY AND

PLANT(BERKS

PROD)

Industrial

Mineral MiningA S H H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 262666 -75.7813 40.5020

ACTIVE, SURFACE MINE,

DISCHARGE POINT; AIR EMISS;

STONE CRUSH PLT; WATER RES

DISCHARGE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 8.53 17.57

114

DIETRICH/BAVER

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 676436 -75.8361 40.5714 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 8.60 17.63

115 ELGIN CARTAGE

892 OLD 22

LENHARTSVILLE PA

19534

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565508 -75.8251 40.5794 10000gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 8.65 17.69

116

KUTZTOWN MUN.

SEW. TREAT.

PLANT

211 W MAIN STWater Resource

DischargeB M H H M MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 452165 -75.7823 40.5280

ACTIVE, KUTZTOWN BORO MUN

AUTH-SAUCONY CR DISCHARGE;

AST; EPA REG-NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 8.73 17.77

117SAUCONY DRY

CLNR

RT. 737 & FAIRVIEW

DRIVE KUTZTOWNEPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2007, 2014 B D D 0 -75.7817 40.5228

AIRS/AFS, PA-EFACTS; 2007 FIELD

VER

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 8.95 17.98

118

BALDY-LYONS

69KV REBUILD

PROJECT

MERTZ ROAD LYONS,

BOROUGH OF PA 19522NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7847 40.4817 NPDES:PAD060008

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 8.96 18.00

119

BERKS PROD

KUTZTOWN

QUARRY

654 S BALDY ROAD EPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2014 C C 0 -75.7785 40.4972 AIRS/AFS, PA-EFACTSLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.05 18.09

120KEMPTON ROD &

GUN CLUB163 PINE CREEK ROAD EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.8857 40.6147 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 9.08 18.12

121GINNY

ALTENDERFER245 GREENWICH STREET NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7794 40.5208 NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.09 18.13

122

MCCONWAY &

TORLEY CORP

IRON FOUNDRY

230 RAILROAD ST.

Toxics Release

Inventory B M M H M H M H H 2007, 2014 B A A 502696 -75.7785 40.5220

TRIS, NPDES, RCRA, EIS; IND DIS PT;

AIR EMISS; Res Waste-active landfill;

WTR POL CTRL; AST-DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.09 18.13

123

HAWK VALLEY

LANDSCAPE

MATERIALS

Residual Waste B M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 823073 -75.8864 40.6128 ACTIVE, PROCESSING FACILITYLAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 9.16 18.19

124HENRYS FROZEN

FOOD

111 E MAIN ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1526

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565548 -75.7749 40.5208 3000gal OTHER, 2000 OTHERLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.27 18.30

125 DUNKIN DONUTS

110 E MAIN ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1515

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 579600 -75.7748 40.5207

Cleanup Completed, ULGAS, 8000 GAS,

4000 GAS, 3000 GAS, 550 USDOL,

10000 GAS, 120000 DIESL, UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.27 18.31

126KUTZTOWN BORO

SUBSTA

105 RAILROAD ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1114

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 455310 -75.7758 40.5210 550gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.29 18.32

127ST JOHNS EVAN

LUTH CH

201 E MAIN ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1516

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565413 -75.7741 40.5217 10000gal HOLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.34 18.38

Page 8 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

128MAJOR

PETROLEUM CO

65 WILLOW ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 0 -75.7731 40.5193 RCRAINFO:PAD086730835

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.35 18.38

129SCHEIDT &

PRINTZ

70 BIEBER ALY

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1701

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564851 -75.7752 40.5163 280gal GASLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.41 18.44

130

EAST PENN MFG.

CO. INC.

KUTZTOWN WIRE

& CABLE BATT

PLT

191 WILLOW ST.Toxics Release

InventoryB M M H M H M H H 2007, 2014 B A A 480836 -75.7721 40.5188

AIRS/AFS, EIS, NEI, NPDES, PA-

EFACTS, PCS, RCRAINFO, TRIS, TSCA;

WTR POL CTRL-IND DIS PT; AIR

EMISS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.43 18.47

131

SR 0078 SECTION

12M

RECONSTRUCTIO

N

I-78 TILDEN, TOWNSHIP

OF PA 19526NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.8117 40.5777 NPDES:PAD060011

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 9.44 18.48

132 KUTZTOWN ELEM

NORMAL AVE &

CONSTITUTION BLVD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565091 -75.7723 40.5151 6000gal HOLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.46 18.50

133RENTSCHLERS

BAKERY INC

245 E WALNUT ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564797 -75.7742 40.5232 280gal GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.48 18.51

134BIEBER CARL R

INC TOURWAYS320 FAIR STREET

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2007, 2014 A B B 0 -75.7811 40.5159

UST-Petrol, Complete; Interim or Rem

Actions Init; CAP HAZ WASTE; EPA

REG HAZ WASTE RCRA, NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.48 18.51

135KUTZTOWN CTL

OFC

41 HERRING ALY

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1630

Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2019 C 565002 -75.7772 40.5159 550gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.48 18.52

136BAUSCHER FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2019 C 820641 -75.8364 40.5930 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 9.49 18.53

137 SHORT PROP8 MI N OF KUTZTOWN

KUTZTOWN PA 19530

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 579523 -75.7874 40.5248

Interim or Remedial Actions Initiated; UST-

DIESL, FO2, UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.49 18.53

138KUTZTOWN

ARMORY390 COLLEGE BLVD

Captive

Hazardous

Waste

B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 505745 -75.7864 40.5169 ACTIVE; EPA REG HAZ WASTE-RCRALAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.50 18.54

139ALBANY

TOWNSHIP2451 ROUTE 143 NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8647 40.6232

NPDES, PCS; UNDERGROUND

STORAGE TANK-GAS, DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 9.51 18.55

140

KEN & EARL

SMITH ROOFING

SHOP

80 HERRING ALY

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1630

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564880 -75.7767 40.5153 550gal GASLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.52 18.55

141

A420110001LAT/LO

NG POINT IS OF

SAMPLING INLET

KUTZTOWN

UNIVERSITY - GRIM

SCIENCE BLDG

KUTZTOWN PA 17067

EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7861 40.5111 AIRS/AQS:13463LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.53 18.56

142

LEHIGH VALLEY

HEALTH

NETWORK

KUTZTOWN

KUTZTOWN PA 0 EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7889 40.5117 EIS:16141111LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.53 18.56

143HEFFNER FARM 1

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseA S M H H M H H H 2014 C C 649697 -75.7844 40.4739 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 9.53 18.56

Page 9 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

144CUTTING EDGE

THE220 S MAPLE ST

Captive

Hazardous

Waste

B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 506504 -75.7706 40.5194ACTIVE; EPA REG- HAZ WASTE

RCRA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.55 18.58

145KUTZTOWN BORO

YARD WASTE FAC

Municipal

WasteB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 833768 -75.7887 40.5254 COMPOSTING

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.56 18.59

146 KELCHNER CLNRS 234 WHITE OAK STStorage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2007, 2014 D B B 564569 -75.7770 40.5145

UST-Petroleum, Inactive; EPA REG HAZ

WASTE-RCRA, PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.56 18.60

147 MT ZION LUTH CHRR 2 BOX 94 KUTZTOWN

PA 19530Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565513 -75.7731 40.5278 10000gal HO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.57 18.60

148MAXATAWNY

ELEM

RR 1 BOX 444

KUTZTOWN PA 19530Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 455381 -75.7731 40.5278 6000gal HO; SFDW, EPA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.57 18.60

149BERKS PROD

KUTZTOWN PLT80 S WILLOW ST

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 451470 -75.7689 40.5178

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-IND DISCH

PT; EPA REG-HAZ WASTE-RCRA, PA-

EFACTS, RCRAINFO, NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.61 18.65

150AUTO BODY

SOLUTIONS

Captive

Hazardous

Waste

B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 507186 -75.7600 40.5303 ACTIVELAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.61 18.65

151 KEMPTON EXCAV ROUTE 143 Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 564747 -75.8635 40.6235 2000 Gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 9.64 18.67

152

COLLEGE HTS

OBSTETRICAL &

GYN ASSN

333 NORMAL AVE

KUTZTOWN PA 19530

Municipal

WasteB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 675268 -75.7775 40.5134

PROCESSING FACILITY, MUNICIPAL

WASTE GENERATOR

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.65 18.68

153CARL A LOBB

SLUDGE SITE

Municipal

WasteB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 248591 -75.7917 40.5250 INACTIVE, LAND APPLICATION

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.67 18.70

154RAIL CROSSING -

MAIDEN CREEKMAIDEN CREEK

Railroad Stream

CrossingB 2007 B B B 0 -75.8568 40.6215

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 9.67 18.71

155MULTICELL

NORTH, INC.

240 BROAD ST.

KUTZTOWN PA 19530EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7694 40.5200 OSHA-OIS:340721075

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.70 18.74

156LUKE Z MARTIN

REPAIRS780 SEEM DR

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7716 40.5310 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.78 18.81

157 KUTZTOWN UNIVINTERLITEN RD-GRIM

SCIENCE BLDG

Municipal

WasteB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 508734 -75.7825 40.5119

AIR EMISS-FUEL MAT, COAL BIN,

COMB UNIT, NAT GAS PIPE, EPA REG-

AIRS/AQUA, AIRS/AFS, EIS, NEI, ICIS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.80 18.84

158HALDEMAN FORD

OF KUTZTOWN531 E MAIN ST

Captive

Hazardous

Waste

B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 512550 -75.7692 40.5264ACTIVE; EPA REG- HAZ WASTE

RCRA, PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.84 18.88

159 RITE AID NO 1116923 N ELM ST KUTZTOWN

PA 19530

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 0 -75.7679 40.5274

BR:PAR000541359, PA-

EFACTS:PAR000541359,

RCRAINFO:PAR000541359

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.86 18.89

160KUTZTOWN

MANOR INC

120 TREXLER AVE

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

9707

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565022 -75.7715 40.5126 275gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 9.89 18.92

Page 10 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

161

MOYER

PLUMBING &

HEATING

MAXATAWNY

TOWNSHIP ROAD T616,

KUTZTOWN, PA, 19530

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2014 B B 0 -75.7654 40.5217

UST-Petroleum, Cleanup Completed;

AST&UST ranked C; EPA REG ICIS

RANKED D

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.97 19.01

162CLIFFORD HILL

SANI SVC

Municipal

WasteA S M H H MH H H H 2014 B B 240462 -75.7676 40.5012

ACTIVE, PROCESSING FACILITY,

TRANSFER STATION, USTs

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 9.99 19.03

163RS SERVICES

LENHARTSVILLE

Air Emission

PlantB M M L M MH M L L 2019 D 822785 -75.8014 40.5760 PROCESS, PORTABLE CRUSHER

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 10.02 19.05

164STERILOGIC

WASTE SYS

9948 KISTLER VALLEY

RD BOX 84

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8533 40.6255 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.02 19.06

165

KRUMSVILLE

ROAD

CONVENIENCE

STORE

1497 KRUMSVILLE ROAD

LENHARTSVILLE PA

19534

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.8004 40.5764 NPDES:PAC060152LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 10.04 19.07

166KUTZTOWN FIRE

CO

310 NOBLE ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

1720

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565557 -75.7737 40.5129280gal GAS, 550 DIESL, 8000 HO, ICIS,

EPA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEKUTZTOWN 10.04 19.08

167BOYESEN ENG

ENGINE MFGResidual Waste B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 451422 -75.7966 40.5799

ACTIVE, GENERATOR; WATER

RESOURCE DISCHARGE-SEPTIC; EPA

REGULATED-HAZ WASTE-RCRA, PA-

EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 10.14 19.17

168

SFS BUNNER,

LINDA & ROBT

MICHAEL

949 BENNICOFF RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7528 40.5536

NPDES:PAG043512, PA-

EFACTS:PAG043512

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.14 19.17

169 CROSSROAD X

1600 KRUMSVILLE ROAD

LENHARTSVILLE PA

19534

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7976 40.5835 NPDES:PAC060022LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 10.20 19.23

170KRUMSVILLE

AUTO BODYRHODES RD

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7942 40.5805 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 10.23 19.27

171

FLEETWOOD

LYONS PIPELINE

PROJECT PHASE II

DEKA RD AND

FLEETWOOD LYONS

ROAD LYONS PA19536

NPDES Permit A S H H H MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7672 40.4776 NPDES:PAD060006LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 10.24 19.28

172

KEYSTONE

SOCCER FIELD

TURF

CONVERSION -

KUTZTOWN

UNIVERSITY

427 BALDY ROAD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7772 40.5097 NPDES:PAC060156

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.25 19.28

173 EAST BLDG PROD

600 NOBLE ST

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

9734

Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2019 C 521397 -75.7701 40.5068 275gal GAS, 550 DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.33 19.37

174TREGA ALUM

MFG

Water Resource

DischargeB M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 444546 -75.8547 40.6353 ACTIVE, ON LOT SEPTIC DISCHARGE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.37 19.41

175HAWK MTN BED &

BREAKFAST

223 STONY RUN VALLEY

RDNPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8303 40.6074 NPDES, PA-EFACTS, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.59 19.62

Page 11 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

176

ADVANTAGE

POINT

APARTMENTS

BALDY ROAD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7771 40.5047 NPDES:PAC060136

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.67 19.70

177 WAYNE WESSNER

529 LONG LANE RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

9325

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564547 -75.7409 40.5474 10000gal GAS, DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.67 19.71

178EAST PENN

MANUFACTURING

68 DEKA RD LYON

STATION PA 19536

Land Recycling

CleanupA S M H H MH H H H 2007, 2014 B A A 444337 -75.7620 40.4734

SOIL & GW; ST CLEANUP-petrol,

complete; WTR POL CNTRL; COMM

HAZ WASTE; EPA REG-TRIS, RCRA,

NPDES

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 10.67 19.71

179

RAIL CROSSING -

SAUCONY CREEK

TRIB

SAUCONY CREEK TRIBRailroad Stream

CrossingB 2007 B B B 0 -75.7457 40.5200

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.68 19.72

180

A420110003LAT/LO

N POINT IS OF

SAMPLING INLET

HEFFNER AND DEKA

ROAD NOT IN A CITY PAEPA Regulated A S H M H M H H H 2019 C 0 -75.7640 40.4683 AIRS/AQS:13465

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 10.73 19.76

181WHISPERING

PINES FARM CAFO

Water Pollution

ControlA S H H H MH H H H 2014 B B 675187 -75.7761 40.4761

ACTIVE, CONCENTRATED ANIMAL

FEED OPERATION STORAGE UNIT,

DISCHARGE POINT

LAKE

ONTELAUNEERICHMOND 10.73 19.76

182JAMES & SANDRA

ADAMS RES

RR 2 BOX 213, 750 HAWK

MT RDNPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.9166 40.6304 NPDES, PA-EFACTS, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.75 19.78

183HAWK MOUNTAIN

ROAD STP

HAWK MOUNTAIN

ROAD ALBANY TWP PA

19528

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 192 -75.9169 40.6303 NPDES:PA0086169LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.77 19.80

184SCHADLER LAND

DEVELOPMENT

LONG LANE ROAD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7422 40.5500 NPDES:PAC060050

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.78 19.81

185

PIPELINE

CROSSING -

SAUCONY CREEK

SAUCONY CREEKPipeline Stream

CrossingB 2007 D D D 0 -75.7529 40.4994

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.81 19.85

186HOSFELDS GEN

STORE

MAIN ST STONY RUN PA

19557Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564857 -75.8330 40.6207 2000gal GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.88 19.91

187

DOUG

ROBERTSON

ENTERPRISES

RR 2 BOX 174 KEMPTON

PA 19529Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2019 C 564965 -75.8370 40.6343 550gal DIESL, 300 GAS, 300 USDOL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.89 19.92

188

HAWK MTN

SANCTUARY

ASSN

RR 2 BOX 191 KEMPTON

PA 19529Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 455894 -75.8370 40.6343 1000gal GAS, 550 DIESL, AST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 10.89 19.92

189JOHN

ENGLEHARDT

128 DEER RUN RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

9417

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565383 -75.7511 40.5672 2000gal HOLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.94 19.97

190KUTZTOWN

AGWAY15380 KUTZTOWN RD EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.7486 40.5333 ICIS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.98 20.01

191GOLDEN BEAR

RESTAURANT

15382 KUTZTOWN RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7486 40.5332

SFDW:PA3060582, SFDW:PA3060582

301

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 10.98 20.02

Page 12 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

192

ARROWHEAD

BUSINESS &

INDUSTRIAL PARK

LONG LANE KUTZTOWN

PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7367 40.5389 NPDES:PAC060130

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.13 20.17

193 WESSNER BROS118-120 WESSNER RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565644 -75.7364 40.5530 10000gal DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.18 20.22

194RUTTER'S STORE

#92

15475 WEST KUTZTOWN

ROAD KUTZTOWN,

BOROUGH OF PA 19530

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7371 40.5358 NPDES:PAC060181LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.30 20.33

195

RESPONSIBLE

RECYCLING SVC

LLC

805 TOMAHAWK DR Residual Waste B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 768534 -75.7341 40.5404ACTIVE, PROCESSING FACILITY; EPA

REG HAZ WASTE-RCRA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.35 20.38

196ROBERTSONS

RENOVATIONS

HAWK MOUNTAIN RD

KEMPTON PA 19529Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2019 C 565000 -75.9315 40.6319 300gal GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 11.38 20.42

197FRANK CASILIO &

SONS INC

210 HINTERLEITER RD-

KUTZTOWN CONCRETE

PLT

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7322 40.5182 NPDES, PCSLAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.38 20.42

198WINKLER FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2019 C 836285 -75.7612 40.4950 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.41 20.45

199 XODE INC 15519 KUTZTOWN RDWater Resource

DischargeB M H H M MH H H H 2007, 2014 D B B 512362 -75.7317 40.5389

ACTIVE, ON LOT SEPTIC

DISCHARGE; OLD RANK-D, NEW

RANK-B; EPA REG HAZ WASTE-

RCRA, PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.42 20.45

200

FADDIS

CONCRETE

PRODUCTS,

INCORPORATED

210 HINTERLEITER RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

9262

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 659799 -75.7328 40.5169

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-

INDUSTRIAL, DISCHARGE POINT,

NPDES, PA-EFACTS, EPA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.47 20.50

201KNABB-RAUCH

PROPERTY

3 TURKEY ROAD

KEMPTON PA 19529EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.8060 40.6103 ICIS:3600943015

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 11.60 20.63

202

PA PLT

INC/LIMESTONE

PELLETIZIN

189 HINTERLIETER RD Storage Tank B M H M L M H H M 2014, 2019 D C 499645 -75.7296 40.5156AIRS/AFS, EPA, 15000gal OTHER,

DIESL; AIRS/AFS, PA-EFACTS, AST,

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.60 20.64

203LARRY M NASH

FARMRD1 BOX 195

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.8408 40.6475 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 11.62 20.66

204ISTLER DANE AND

GRANDSON INC

9128 KINGS HWY

KEMPTON PA 19529

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 0 -75.8475 40.6546 RCRAINFO:PAR000040782

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 11.65 20.68

205

SHIRK LAND

DEVELOPMENT

PHASE 2

405 QUARRY ROAD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7283 40.5172 NPDES:PAC060179

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.73 20.77

206 SITTLERS MHP PA EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7360 40.5326 SFDW:PA3060044LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.76 20.79

207LYONS BORO

MUN AUTH WTP206 HUNTER ST NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7457 40.4877 NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.81 20.84

Page 13 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

208SPECTATORS BAR

& GRILL45 OLD ROUTE 22 EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.7499 40.5838 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 11.81 20.84

209 KISTLER FARM 9128 KINGS HWYMunicipal

WasteB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 255063 -75.8500 40.6539

INACTIVE, LAND APPLICATION; EPA

REG HAZ WASTE-RCRA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 11.81 20.85

210HIGHLAND

ESTATES

60 OLD US ROUTE 22

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7518 40.5831 NPDES:PA0070122, SFDW:PA3060043

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 11.84 20.87

211

EASTERN IND

KUTZTOWN

QUARRY

210 HINTERLEITER

ROAD

Industrial

Mineral MiningB M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 253899 -75.7264 40.5128

SURF MINE, NPDES; AIR EMISS-

CRUSHING, ASPHALT PLT;

SEPTIC&QUARRY DISCH; AST; HAZ

WASTE-RCRA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.84 20.88

212KUTZTOWN AREA

SCHOOL DISTRICT

251 LONG LANE

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7318 40.5342 NPDES:PAC060038

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.85 20.89

213DANIEL DELONG

FARM

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 652653 -75.7347 40.4956 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 11.92 20.96

214WEISENBERG TWP

LEHIGH CNTY MS4

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 625642 -75.7262 40.5796

ACTIVE, STORMWATER-MUNICIPAL,

DISCHARGE POINT

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.03 21.07

215LUCKENBILLS

AUTO SVC

244 BOWERS RD

BOWERS PA 19511Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564578 -75.7418 40.4852 4000gal GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 12.08 21.11

216BUILDING

RECYCLERS398 TOPTON RD. EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.7187 40.5277 ICIS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 12.08 21.12

217CUATROS

VIENTOS

UNKNOWN QUAKER

CITY PA 0EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.8738 40.6593 EIS:12234511

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 12.14 21.18

218

GLENN SNYDER

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 618986 -75.7272 40.4914 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 12.15 21.18

219KAROL K

SCHMICK

10371 OLD ROUTE 22

KUTZTOWN PA 19530NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7213 40.5802

NPDES:PA0065234, PA-

EFACTS:PA0065234

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.26 21.29

220

RODALE

RESEARCH

CTR/EXPERIMENT

AL FARM

611 SIEGFRIEDALE RD

Captive

Hazardous

Waste

B M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 507668 -75.7194 40.5503ACTIVE; EPA REG HAZ WASTE-

RCRA, PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 12.31 21.35

221LONGSWAMP

ELEM SCH

MAIN ST MENTZTOWN

PA 19539Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 456017 -75.7292 40.4874 10000gal HO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 12.36 21.39

222HILLSIDE ACRES

FARM CAFO335 DOTTERER RD

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 675289 -75.7992 40.6017

ACTIVE, CONCENTRATED ANIMAL

FEED OPERATION PRODUCTION

SERVICE UNIT; PA EFACTS-NPDES,

PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEALBANY 12.41 21.44

223DAVID D GRIM

AUTO PARTS

299 FLEETWOOD RD

BOWERS PA 19511Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 564765 -75.7339 40.4841 550gal GAS, 250 GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 12.44 21.48

224

JOHN BRUBAKER

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2019 C 707549 -75.7127 40.5545 INACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 12.50 21.54

Page 14 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

225SCHUMAKERS

SALES & SERVICE170 GENSINGER RD

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7627 40.5786 PA-EFACTS, RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEGREENWICH 12.54 21.57

226 GTE

NEWSMITHVILLE RD

NEWSMITHVILLE PA

18066

Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 580118 -75.7396 40.5888 550gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.56 21.59

227 LEHIGH CO AUTHARCADIA WEST

INDUSTRIAL PARKNPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7145 40.5809 NPDES, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.64 21.67

228

HAUCK'S METAL

POLISHING

SERVICE

9 WEST MILL STHazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7607 40.4815 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYONS 12.68 21.71

229RAIL CROSSING -

SAUCONY CREEKSAUCONY CREEK

Railroad Stream

CrossingB 2007 B B B 0 -75.7461 40.4866

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 12.68 21.71

230FOUR SPRINGS

FARM

9577 BACHELOR ROAD

WEISENBERG,

TOWNSHIP OF PA 19530

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7179 40.5911 NPDES:PAC390082LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.75 21.79

231LYONS BORO

WWTP211 S KEMP ST Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 565053 -75.7582 40.4792 2-1500 Gal HZSUB, 850 Gal HZSUB

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYONS 12.76 21.80

232

PFBC STATEWIDE

ALGICIDE,

HERBICIDE OR

FISH CNTRL

TREATMENT

AREA

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 759060 -75.8334 40.6710

ACTIVE, PESTICIDES, PESTICIDE

TREATMENT AREA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 12.81 21.85

233

TEVA PHARM INC

KUTZTOWN DISTR

WHSE

9747 COMMERCE CIRHazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 716504 -75.7166 40.5858 RCRAINFO; AST- DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.86 21.90

234HAPINS CIDER

MILL

Water Resource

DischargeB M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 447566 -75.7289 40.4822

ACTIVE, GROUND WATER DIS

DISCHARGE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 12.88 21.91

235PRADELLS SVC

STA

RTE 22 & RTE 863

ALLENTOWN PA 18104Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 579841 -75.7079 40.5788 6000gal GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.94 21.98

236 SUNTUF 9735 COMMERCE CIRCLEHazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7135 40.5871 PA-EFACTS, RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.94 21.98

237PALRAM

AMERICAS

9735 COMMERCE CIRCLE

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

8579

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 0 -75.7134 40.5872

PA-EFACTS:PAR000508168,

RCRAINFO:PAR000508168; OSHA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.95 21.98

238CHRISTMAN

SANITATIONROUTE 863

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7466 40.5241 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 12.95 21.98

239

PARKING LOT

EXPANSION FOR

IPT LEHIGH

VALEY DC II LLC

9747 COMMERCE CIRCLE

WEISENBERG,

TOWNSHIP OF PA 19530

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.7140 40.5854 NPDES:PAC390018LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 12.96 22.00

Page 15 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

240 SILFIES FARMSILFIES FARM - KEMP

STREETEPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.7594 40.4765 AIRS/AQS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYONS 12.96 22.00

241

RUBEN NOLT

FARM BIOSOLIDS

SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 492379 -75.7219 40.5028 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEMAXATAWNY 13.02 22.05

242NEW SMITHVILLE

TRUCK STOP

2277 GOLDEN KEY RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

8565

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 599635 -75.7076 40.5811

Cleanup Completed, DIESL, ULGAS; UST-

DIESL, GAS, UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 13.03 22.07

243WASTE MGMT

ALLENTOWN2710 GOLDEN KEY RD Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2014 C C 446441 -75.7124 40.5908

ACTIVE, TRANSPORTATION,

CURRENTLY IN USE-ASTs&USTs

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 13.05 22.09

244GOLDEN KEY

TRAVEL CTR

2298 GOLDEN KEY RD

KUTZTOWN PA 19530-

8564

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 599458 -75.7082 40.5816

Cleanup Completed, ULGAS, NPDES,

8000 GAS, 12000 GAS, 8000 DIESL, 2000

KERO, 1000 HO, NPDES, UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEWEISENBERG 13.05 22.09

245RAY FLUCK FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 609360 -75.8194 40.6631 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 13.10 22.14

246

CHRISTOPHER T.

WEISS LAND

DEVELOPMENT

PLAN

8384 ALLEMAENGEL

ROAD LYNN, TOWNSHIP

OF PA 18066

NPDES Permit B M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 0 -75.8164 40.6679 NPDES:PAC390003LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 13.13 22.16

247B&R AUTO

REFINISHING8660 KISTLER VALLY

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2014 B B 0 -75.7834 40.6448 RCRAINFO

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 13.52 22.55

248

ELECTRO SPACE

FABRICATORS

PLT

300 W HIGH STToxics Release

InventoryB M M H M H M H H 2014 A A 252994 -75.7083 40.5044

AIRS/AFS, BR, ICIS, NCDB, PA-

EFACTS, RCRAINFO, TRIS; RES

WASTE; AIR EMISS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEETOPTON 13.66 22.70

249M & A

EXCAVATING

120 LYONS RD

MERTZTOWN PA 19539-

9767

Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2019 C 791523 -75.7488 40.4661 10000gal DIESLLAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 13.76 22.80

250

BRANDYWINE

HEIGHTS AREA

SCHOOL

WEISS ST TOPTON PA

19562EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7089 40.4983 ICIS:45914

LAKE

ONTELAUNEETOPTON 13.78 22.81

251

NORMAN

BURKHOLDER

FARM

Residual Waste B M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 782723 -75.7169 40.4623 ACTIVE, LAND APPLICATIONLAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 13.80 22.83

252

ADVANCED

SYSTEMS TECH

INC

220 MAIN ST SECOND

FLOOR TOPTON PA 19562

Hazardous

Waste - RCRAB M M H M MH M H H 2019 B 0 -75.7031 40.5061 RCRAINFO:PAD987346624

LAKE

ONTELAUNEETOPTON 13.93 22.96

253 TOPTONLand Recycling

CleanupB M M H M H M H H 2019 A 598524 -75.7034 40.5063

ACTIVE, GROUNDWATER/SOIL

MEDIA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEETOPTON 13.95 22.98

254KERN MASORNRY

INC

331 N MAIN ST TOPTON

PA 19562-1410Storage Tank B M M H L MH M H M 2019 C 565316 -75.7030 40.5072 1000gal GAS, 325 DIESL, AST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEETOPTON 13.99 23.02

255LYNN TWP

LEHIGH CNTY7923 KINGS HWY Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 579868 -75.8017 40.6789 USTs&ASTs

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 14.03 23.06

256AMANA

REFRIGERATION

403 N MAIN ST TOPTON

PA 19562-1412

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 579636 -75.7033 40.0000

Cleanup Completed, 20000 HO, 25000 HO,

5279 HZSUB, 7000 UNREG, 10000

DIESL,3000 GAS, EPA, UST, AST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEETOPTON 14.06 23.09

Page 16 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

257

WHITE DEER RUN

AT BLUE MTN

TRMT CTR

PO BOX 199 EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.8513 40.6862 PA-EFACTSLAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 14.06 23.10

258

LEHIGH ASPHALT

PAVING ANDREAS

PLT

Air Emission

PlantB M M L M MH M L L 2014 D D 465229 -75.7897 40.6670

PROCESS, REPLACEMENT BATCH

MIX ASPHALT PLT W/ RAP

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 14.64 23.68

259GREATER VISION

FARMS CAFO228 FIVE POINTS RD EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.6932 40.4585 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEROCKLAND 15.08 24.11

260KNOEDLER FARM

BIOSOLIDS SITE

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2019 C 777920 -75.7738 40.6737 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 15.17 24.21

261

KATHY HERMANY

FARM/BENNICROF

F FARM

Beneficial Land

UseB M M H M M M H H 2014 C C 700252 -75.7890 40.6940 ACTIVE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 15.33 24.37

262LYNN TWP SEWER

AUTH STP7481 ALLEMAENGEL RD

Water Resource

DischargeB M H H M MH H H H 2007, 2014 B B B 249914 -75.7685 40.6818

ACTIVE, LYNN TOWNSHIP SEWER

AUTH DISCHARGE; AST-sani services;

EPA REG-NPDES, CWNS, PCS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 15.43 24.46

263

ALVERTA M

BENFIELD ESTATE

FARM

NS HUFF CHURCH RD

ALBURTIS PA 18011

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 581110 -75.6662 40.4644 Cleanup Completed, GAS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELONGSWAMP 15.52 24.56

264

ONTELAUNEE

PARK POND -

PESTICIDES

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2019 B 827285 -75.7640 40.6822

ACTIVE, PESTICIDES, PESTICIDE

TREATMENT AREA

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 15.63 24.66

265ONTELAUNEE

ROD & GUN CLUB8100 GUN CLUB RD EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.7883 40.7026 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 15.70 24.74

266 KERN PROPWAYNE ST NEW TRIPOLI

PA 18066

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 600246 -75.7486 40.6812

Inactive, ULGAS, 750 GAS, 500 KERO,

UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 16.28 25.32

267RICKS BACKHOE

SVC

6979 ROUTE 309 NEW

TRIPOLI PA 18066Storage Tank B M M H M M M H H 2019 C 814651 -75.7437 40.6851 6000gal DIESL

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 16.49 25.53

268LCA MADISON

NORTH DIVISIONPA EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7504 40.6775 SFDW:PA3390115

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 16.52 25.55

269

BLUE ROCK MT

SPRG WTR-LYNN

TWP

RD 1 BOX 266A2007 Field

VerificationB 2007 B B B 0 -75.7493 40.6752

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 16.78 25.81

270GRIMS MOBILE

HOME COURTPA EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7473 40.6896 SFDW:PA3390036

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 16.80 25.83

271BROC GRANITE &

TILE/ LYNN TWP

7571 ROUTE 309 NEW

TRIPOLI PA 18066-4208EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2019 D 0 -75.7541 40.6982 AIR:PA000771406, PA-EFACTS:771406

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 16.84 25.88

272OLDE

HOMESTEAD GC6598 ROUTE 309 EPA Regulated B M H M L M H H M 2014 D D 0 -75.7312 40.6816 PA-EFACTS

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 17.09 26.12

273NESTLE WATERS

NA BOTTLING PLT

Water Pollution

ControlB M H H M MH H H H 2014 B B 448625 -75.7594 40.7125

ACTIVE, INDUSTRIAL WASTE

TREATMENT PLANT, DISCHARGE

LAKE

ONTELAUNEELYNN 17.34 26.37

Page 17 of 18

Map

IDSite Name Address PSOC Type ZONE TOT Pers Quan Sens PFR MA PFC PI

PSOC

Year

2007

Susc

2014

Susc

2019

SuscSite ID Long Lat Comment Intake Municipality

High Flow TOT

Ignoring Lake (hrs)

High Flow TOT

Including Lake (hrs)

274NEW TRIPOLI

PLAZA

6391 ROUTE 309 NEW

TRIPOLI PA 18066-2035

Storage Tank

CleanupB M M H L H M H M 2019 B 599265 -75.7221 40.6801

Cleanup Completed, ULGAS, KERO;

LAND REC CLEANUP-GW MEDIA;

UST-GAS, DIESL, UST

LAKE

ONTELAUNEEHEIDELBERG 17.62 26.65

Page 18 of 18

Rank Acres Percent Rank Acres Percent

Agricultural LandFertilizers, pesticides, nutrients, and

manure.B 1,176.6 23.9% B 38,033.9 54.0%

Industrial/ Commercial

Land

Any chemical or toxic substance stored

onsite. Vehicle fluids, metals, and

sediment from parking lot runoff.

B 506.5 10.3% B 4,035.6 5.7%

Residential Land

Lawn chemicals, vehicle fluids,

household hazardous waste, sewage or

septic systems

C 227.2 4.6% C 5,610.0 8.0%

Transportation Corridors

Gasoline, motor oil, antifreeze, metals,

salt, sediment, and any chemical spilled

in an accident.

A 163.2 3.3% A 2,842.7 4.0%

Undeveloped and

Forested Land

Logging and recreational contaminants;

sediment; vehicle fluids** 1,836.5 37.2% ** 18,770.2 26.6%

WaterAny upstream spill or runoff chemcial,

and sediment** 1,022.3 20.7% ** 1,149.4 1.6%

Total 4,932.3 100% Total 70,441.7 100%

Land Use Summary

Table 4-2

* This non-point source is not present in the protection zone.

** Undeveloped areas are not typically ranked for non-point source contamination.

Zone BNon-Point PSOC Potential Contaminants

Zone A

Berks County, PA

PWSID# 3060059

Reading Area Water Authority

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

SW

P

Ste

erin

g C

om

mit

tee

Maid

encr

eek

an

d

On

tela

un

ee T

wp

s

Ber

ks

Natu

re

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Con

servati

on

Dis

t

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Dep

t.

of

Em

ergen

cy S

vc

Sch

uylk

ill

Act

ion

Net

work

/N

RC

S

1

Meet with the steering committee annually to address source water

protection and other water resources issues in the protection area. Review

and update the inventory of existing and potential PSOCs on a regular

basis in accordance with Chapter §109.713(a)(4). An annual update form

should be submitted to the DEP-Southcentral Region office by March 31.

X X X X X X X Annually

2

Maintain membership in the Berks County Source Water Protection

Steering Committee to address water resources issues in the Maiden Creek

subbasin of the Schuylkill River Watershed.

X X Ongoing

3

Conduct public education for customers and residents regarding the

importance of source water protection. Display source water protection

brochures at the RAWA office, on the website and social media.

X X X X X X Short-Term

4Continue to work with students from surrounding school districts on the

source of their water and protection areas.X X X X X Ongoing

Reading Area Water Authority

PWSID# 3060059

Berks County, PA

Table 7-1

Source Water Protection Management Strategies

Activity

Rea

din

g A

rea W

ate

r

Au

thori

ty

Steering Committee and Public Participation

Public Education

Potential Partners

General Schedule

Page 1 of 4

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

SW

P

Ste

erin

g C

om

mit

tee

Maid

encr

eek

an

d

On

tela

un

ee T

wp

s

Ber

ks

Natu

re

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Con

servati

on

Dis

t

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Dep

t.

of

Em

ergen

cy S

vc

Sch

uylk

ill

Act

ion

Net

work

/N

RC

S

Activity

Rea

din

g A

rea W

ate

r

Au

thori

ty

Potential Partners

General Schedule

5Educate municipal offices, environmental organizations, and local business

and industry about the protection areas.X X X X X X Short-Term

6 Maintain the Water Supply Area signs installed in local municipalities. X X Long-Term

7Collaborate with environmental organizations in managing source water

protection activities within the watershed.X X X X X Ongoing

8Consider sharing water quality data with environmental organizations to

assist with watershed improvement projects.X X X Ongoing

9Continue participation in agricultural best management practices projects

in Maiden Creek Watershed.X X X X X X Ongoing

10Maintain the water quality database, and update monthly with results from

RAWA staff sampling.X Ongoing

11

Continue annual tree-planting events around Lake Ontelaunee and

streambank restoration projects as requested. Encourage farmers to enroll

in the USDA programs to help reduce erosion and nutrient issues.

X X X Annually

12

Continue targeted outreach to high-risk PSOC facilities about cooperating

in source water protection activities. Use the 2019 ArcGIS program to

prioritize concerns.

X X X Annually

Watershed Management

Watershed Partnerships

Public Water Supply Zone Notification

Page 2 of 4

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

SW

P

Ste

erin

g C

om

mit

tee

Maid

encr

eek

an

d

On

tela

un

ee T

wp

s

Ber

ks

Natu

re

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Con

servati

on

Dis

t

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Dep

t.

of

Em

ergen

cy S

vc

Sch

uylk

ill

Act

ion

Net

work

/N

RC

S

Activity

Rea

din

g A

rea W

ate

r

Au

thori

ty

Potential Partners

General Schedule

13

Continue to work on reduction of Cryptosporidium hits on the secondary

intake, including goose harassment, septic system education, and extra

chemical monitoring.

X X Ongoing

14

Work with the USDA’s Plant Protection and Quarantine program for

purple loosestrife management, including biocontrol methods, such as the

Gallarucella pusilla beetles.

X X X X Ongoing

15

Continue participation in the Voluntary Public Access and Habitat

Incentive Program, which helps to increase public access to private lands

for outdoor recreation.

X X Ongoing

16

Maintain partnership with USDA in ongoing goose harassment

program in Lake Ontelaunee. Deploy groundhog management

methods to preserve the structural integrity of the earthen dam.

X X X X Ongoing

17Update the emergency response plan annually to make sure all contact

information and provisions for an alternate water supply are current. X X Annually

18

Consider the feasibility of other sources to ensure adequate water supply.

Work with other systems on interconnections to supply water in case of

emergency.

X X Long-Term

19

Maintain contact with Berks County and DEP-Southcentral Region

emergency coordinators. Provide information on source water protection

areas and request immediate notification if a spill or release is reported.

X X Ongoing

20

Continue membership in the Delaware Valley Early Warning System, and

communicate any potential contamination issues to downstream users in

the Schuylkill River.

X Ongoing

Emergency Planning

Page 3 of 4

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

SW

P

Ste

erin

g C

om

mit

tee

Maid

encr

eek

an

d

On

tela

un

ee T

wp

s

Ber

ks

Natu

re

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Con

servati

on

Dis

t

Ber

ks

Cou

nty

Dep

t.

of

Em

ergen

cy S

vc

Sch

uylk

ill

Act

ion

Net

work

/N

RC

S

Activity

Rea

din

g A

rea W

ate

r

Au

thori

ty

Potential Partners

General Schedule

21

Work with Maidencreek and Ontelaunee Township staff to support Best

Management Practices to improve quality of stormwater runoff. Ensure

that water supplier contact information is current and included in any

township facility spill response plans

X X X Short-Term

22

Consider attending the Schuylkill Action Network Stormwater Workgroup

and the Berks County MS4 Steering Committee to promote source water

protection as part of stormwater management.

X X Long-Term

MS4 and Stormwater Management

Page 4 of 4

2

Maintain membership in the Berks County Source Water

Protection Steering Committee to address water resources

issues in the Maiden Creek subbasin of the Schuylkill River

Watershed.

Watershed

ManagerQuarterly Staff time

3

Conduct public education for customers and residents

regarding the importance of source water protection. Display

source water protection brochures at the RAWA office, on the

website and social media.

Staff Ongoing Staff time; cost of educational materials

4Continue to work with students from surrounding school

districts on the source of their water and protection areas.Staff Ongoing Staff time; cost of educational materials

5Educate municipal offices, environmental organizations, and

local business and industry about the protection areas.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing Staff time; cost of educational materials

7Collaborate with environmental organizations in managing

source water protection activities within the watershed.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing Staff time

8Consider sharing water quality data with environmental

organizations to assist with watershed improvement projects.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing Staff time

9Continue participation in agricultural best management

practices projects in Maiden Creek Watershed.

Watershed

Manager/

Executive Staff

Ongoing Staff time; project assistance

10Maintain the water quality database, and update monthly with

results from RAWA staff sampling.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing Staff time

13

Continue to work on reduction of Cryptosporidium hits on the

secondary intake, including goose harassment, septic system

education, and extra chemical monitoring.

Watershed

Manager/ Lab

Manager

Ongoing Staff time; possible financial support

Table 8-1

5-Year Source Water Protection Implementation Plan

Reading Area Water Authority

PWSID# 3060059

Berks County, PA

Strategy Activity Needs

Short-Term - Ongoing - As Needed

Person

Responsible

Deadline/Time to

be Accomplished

Page 1 of 6

Strategy Activity NeedsPerson

Responsible

Deadline/Time to

be Accomplished

14

Work with the USDA’s Plant Protection and Quarantine

program for purple loosestrife management, including

biocontrol methods, such as the Gallarucella pusilla beetles.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing

Staff time; cost of assistance and

management methods

15

Continue participation in the Voluntary Public Access and

Habitat Incentive Program, which helps to increase public

access to private lands for outdoor recreation.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing Staff time

16

Maintain partnership with USDA in ongoing goose

harassment program in Lake Ontelaunee. Deploy

groundhog management methods to preserve the

structural integrity of the earthen dam.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing

Staff time; cost of assistance and

management methods

20

Continue membership in the Delaware Valley Early Warning

System, and communicate any potential contamination issues

to downstream users in the Schuylkill River.

Watershed

ManagerOngoing Staff time

21

Work with Maidencreek and Ontelaunee Township staff to

support Best Management Practices to improve quality of

stormwater runoff. Ensure that water supplier contact

information is current and included in any township facility

spill response plans

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

Ongoing Staff time; possible financial support

Short-Term - Ongoing - As Needed

Page 2 of 6

Strategy Activity NeedsPerson

Responsible

Deadline/Time to

be Accomplished

1

Meet with the steering committee annually to address source

water protection and other water resources issues in the

protection area. Review and update the inventory of existing

and potential PSOCs on a regular basis in accordance with

Chapter §109.713(a)(4). An annual update form should be

submitted to the DEP-Southcentral Region office by March 31.

Watershed

Manager

Annually by March

31

Staff time; ArcGIS online PSOC inventory

and maintenance of software

11

Continue annual tree-planting events around Lake Ontelaunee

and streambank restoration projects as requested. Encourage

farmers to enroll in the USDA programs to help reduce erosion

and nutrient issues.

All staff AnnuallyStaff time; cost of trees and project

assistance

12

Continue targeted outreach to high-risk PSOC facilities about

cooperating in source water protection activities. Use the 2019

ArcGIS program to prioritize concerns.

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

AnnuallyStaff time; cost of educational materials;

cost of consultant

17

Update the emergency response plan annually to make sure all

contact information and provisions for an alternate water

supply are current.

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

Annually Staff time; possible cost of consultant

Year 1 (2020)

Page 3 of 6

Strategy Activity NeedsPerson

Responsible

Deadline/Time to

be Accomplished

1

Meet with the steering committee annually to address source

water protection and other water resources issues in the

protection area. Review and update the inventory of existing

and potential PSOCs on a regular basis in accordance with

Chapter §109.713(a)(4). An annual update form should be

submitted to the DEP-Southcentral Region office by March 31.

Watershed

Manager

Annually by March

31

Staff time; ArcGIS online PSOC inventory

and maintenance of software

11

Continue annual tree-planting events around Lake Ontelaunee

and streambank restoration projects as requested. Encourage

farmers to enroll in the USDA programs to help reduce erosion

and nutrient issues.

All staff AnnuallyStaff time; cost of trees and project

assistance

12

Continue targeted outreach to high-risk PSOC facilities about

cooperating in source water protection activities. Use the 2019

ArcGIS program to prioritize concerns.

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

AnnuallyStaff time; cost of educational materials;

cost of consultant

17

Update the emergency response plan annually to make sure all

contact information and provisions for an alternate water

supply are current.

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

Annually Staff time; possible cost of consultant

19

Maintain contact with Berks County and DEP-Southcentral

Region emergency coordinators. Provide information on

source water protection areas and request immediate

notification if a spill or release is reported.

Watershed

ManagerAs needed Staff time.

Years 2-3 (2021-2022)

Page 4 of 6

Strategy Activity NeedsPerson

Responsible

Deadline/Time to

be Accomplished

1

Meet with the steering committee annually to address source

water protection and other water resources issues in the

protection area. Review and update the inventory of existing

and potential PSOCs on a regular basis in accordance with

Chapter §109.713(a)(4). An annual update form should be

submitted to the DEP-Southcentral Region office by March 31.

Watershed

Manager

Annually by March

31

Staff time; ArcGIS online PSOC inventory

and maintenance of software

11

Continue annual tree-planting events around Lake Ontelaunee

and streambank restoration projects as requested. Encourage

farmers to enroll in the USDA programs to help reduce erosion

and nutrient issues.

All staff AnnuallyStaff time; cost of trees and project

assistance

12

Continue targeted outreach to high-risk PSOC facilities about

cooperating in source water protection activities. Use the 2019

ArcGIS program to prioritize concerns.

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

AnnuallyStaff time; cost of educational materials;

cost of consultant

17

Update the emergency response plan annually to make sure all

contact information and provisions for an alternate water

supply are current.

Watershed

Manager/

Consultant

Annually Staff time; possible cost of consultant

Years 4-5 (2023-2024)

Page 5 of 6

Strategy Activity NeedsPerson

Responsible

Deadline/Time to

be Accomplished

6Maintain the Water Supply Area signs installed in local

municipalities.

Watershed

ManagerAs needed

Staff time; replacement cost of signage and

installation.

18

Consider the feasibility of a reserve intake outside of the

Maiden Creek Watershed to ensure adequate water supply.

Work with other systems on interconnections to supply water

in case of emergency.

Director of

Operations/Waters

hed Manager

Long-term Staff time; cost of infrastructure

22

Consider attending the Schuylkill Action Network Stormwater

Workgroup and the Berks County MS4 Steering Committee to

promote source water protection as part of stormwater

management.

Watershed

ManagerAs needed Staff time

Long-Term Implementation

Page 6 of 6

Figures

Appendix A

Executive Summary Reports of Surface Source

Time-of-Travel

Lake Ontelaunee and

Maiden Creek Watershed Source Water Protection Plan

Reading Area Water Authority

March 2007

ii

Reading Area Water Authority

Maiden Creek Watershed Source Water Protection Plan

Executive Summary

The Reading Area Water Authority (RAWA) currently provides drinking water to approximately

88,000 people in Reading, Pennsylvania and several surrounding communities. RAWA is able to

serve more than 125,000 people through interconnections with other water systems. The water source

is Lake Ontelaunee in the Maiden Creek Watershed, located northeast of Reading in Berks and

Lehigh Counties. Lake Ontelaunee is a 1,082-acre man-made lake that was created in the 1920s, and

holds approximately 3.3 billion gallons of water. Surface water enters the lake primarily from Maiden

Creek and its main tributary Sacony Creek, with inputs from numerous other streams, including

several small tributaries that flow directly into the lake. The reservoir is impaired by sediment and

phosphorus, and EPA had developed total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) for the lake for both these

parameters.

The time-of-travel delineation completed for this study shows that the entire 216-square-mile

watershed is within the 25-hour time-of-travel for RAWA’s water supply intake. Thus, watershed

activities that occur seemingly far from Lake Ontelaunee can impact the reservoir within a very short

time. The most critical potential sources of contamination are bridge crossings of major roads over

Maiden Creek and its tributaries. A truck accident at or near one of these bridges could spill

contaminants (e.g., fuel oil or any bulk chemical) directly into the water supply.

To assess the sedimentation problem in Lake Ontelaunee, Spotts, Stevens & McCoy, Inc. completed a

detailed bathymetric survey in 2004. Based on this study, it is estimated that approximately 512

million gallons of storage capacity have been lost in the reservoir due to accumulated sediment,

which is a 15% loss of water storage. Most of the sediment has accumulated in the upstream reaches

of the lake, downstream of the Route 662 bridge. Sedimentation has also occurred in shallow littoral

areas and the original stream channel. The survey results showed that very little of the main, deep part

of the reservoir has filled with sediment. However, because the upstream reaches are basically

sediment-filled, future sediment deposits will occur in the main reservoir.

iii

In the absence of a management plan, sediment will start to fill the main area of the lake, contribute

nutrients, and may contribute to flooding of the area north of PA Route 662. Watershed best

management practices (BMPs) represent the best solutions to minimize sediment from ever getting to

Lake Ontelaunee. An interim plan to manage sediment in Lake Ontelaunee includes (1) dredging the

neck of Lake Ontelaunee to prevent migration of sediment into the main lake and minimize upstream

flooding, completed with onsite dewatering, and (2) negotiation with the nearby Lehigh Cement

Quarry for long-term disposal.

The municipal ordinances in the Maiden Creek Watershed vary widely in their ability to protect water

resources. Several municipalities have strong ordinances that are highly protective of natural

resources; others have barely any protection at all; and still others have a stated intent to protect

natural resources (through their non-binding comprehensive plans) but their ordinances have weak

protective language. Both previous studies and the steering committee for this project have identified

stronger municipal ordinances as critical for protecting the water supply.

Protecting and restoring riparian buffers throughout the watershed may be one of the most effective

management actions that RAWA can take to protect Lake Ontelaunee and to reduce potential

treatment costs. Healthy, vegetated buffers remove nutrients and sediment from surface runoff, slow

runoff before it enters a stream, ameliorate the effects of some pesticides, and improve the stream

ecology. RAWA is assisting with ongoing projects to restore and protect riparian buffers throughout

the Maiden Creek Watershed.

Other concerns for the water supply include livestock with direct access to streams; erosion from

disturbance/development of steep slopes; excessive erosion from row crop tilling; groundwater

contamination in karst/limestone geology; stormwater runoff from development; and septic system

failures.

Although RAWA conducts routine monitoring for water treatment, it does not collect any samples

from the watershed or the lake itself. Both the Maiden Creek Watershed Association and the

Schuylkill Action Network conduct limited sampling programs throughout the watershed. The three

programs will share data in the future for everyone’s mutual benefit.

If RAWA needed to find a long-term new source of water to replace Lake Ontelaunee, the most likely

candidate would be either an intake on the Schuylkill River or discharge water from the nearby Berks

iv

Products quarry. Other possible sources include interconnections from other water suppliers, Willow

Creek, and Antietam Lake, although none of these sources could supply the entire RAWA demand.

Table ES-1 presents the source water protection implementation plan. The recommendations are

organized around a schedule that recognizes:

• A three-year schedule for major activities

• Capital improvements centered around dredging the upper neck of Lake Ontelaunee

• Ongoing activities that have already been started by either RAWA or project partners

• Partnership activities for which RAWA would not necessarily take the lead, but could support

with staff or supplemental funding if the activity furthered the goals of the source water

protection plan.

• Future activities that can likely be deferred until beyond the initial three-year plan.

Table ES-1 also identifies whether RAWA will play the lead (or only) role, where other

organizations can likely be key partners, and where consulting services may be necessary. Costs are

presented with potential funding sources, which may include RAWA funds, grants, and other sources

of funds.

Table ES-1: Source Water Protection Implementation Plan

BC

CD

BC

C

BC

PC

BO

K

PWD

MC

WA

CFC

L

Con

sulta

n t

1.1 Adopt Source Water Protection Plan X

1.2 Appoint Source Water Protection Manager X Salary for position RAWA

1.3 Develop Recognition Program for Participants X X X $1,000/year RAWA, WREN grant

1.4 Develop Committee to Implement Recommendations X X

4.2Cooperate with the Borough of Kutztown in Maintaining a Water Quality Sonde on Sacony Creek X $10,000 plus

$500/year RAWA

4.3 Install and Maintain a Water Quality Sonde on the Maiden Creek Mainstem X X X X $15,000 plus $500/year RAWA

4.4Cooperate with the Maiden Creek Watershed Association to Collect Water Quality Data X X Growing Greener

4.5 Develop a Central Database for Water Quality DataX $3,000 RAWA, Growing

Greener

4.6 Implement Biosolid Monitoring Program X X X X RAWA BCCD program

4.7 Develop a Watershed Model for Phosphorus Loading (Data Collection, with 8.6)X X X $5,000 (with

8.6)RAWA, Growing

Greener

5.1 Install a Streamflow Gage X X X $20,000 RAWA, PWD

8.2Negotiate Use of the Lehigh Cement Company Quarry for Long-term Sediment Disposal X $8,000 RAWA

8.6Develop a Sediment Model to Better Understand Sediment Dynamics (Data Collection, with 4.7)

X X X X $5,000 (with 4.7)

RAWA, Growing Greener

8.8 Conduct Aerial Survey of Lake Ontelaunee X X State Police Helicopter

9.4 Coordinate with Berks County Emergency Management Agency X9.5 Meet with Lehigh County Emergency Management Agency X

Possible Funding Sources

Potential Partners

Primary Funding Sources

RA

WA

BO

D

RA

WA

Sta

ff

CostActivity

YEAR 1

Page 1 of 4

Table ES-1: Source Water Protection Implementation Plan

BC

CD

BC

C

BC

PC

BO

K

PWD

MC

WA

CFC

L

Con

sulta

n t Possible Funding Sources

Potential Partners

Primary Funding Sources

RA

WA

BO

D

RA

WA

Sta

ff

CostActivity

4.7 Develop a Watershed Model for Phosphorus Loading (Data Collection, with 8.6)X X X X $5,000 (with

8.6)RAWA, Growing

Greener

8.3 Evaluate Use of a Diversion Area at the Entrance to Lake Ontelaunee X $30,000 RAWA

8.6Develop a Sediment Model to Better Understand Sediment Dynamics (Data Collection, with 4.7)

X X X $5,000 (with 4.7)

RAWA, Growing Greener

9.1Conduct Detailed Analysis of Interconnections With Other Water Suppliers for Flows to RAWA X X $30,000 RAWA

10.1 Conduct Detailed Analysis of Developing a Schuylkill River Intake X $25,000 RAWA

3.38.1

Provide assistance for BCCD’s Sediment Control Programs Provide Funding for Streambank Fencing, Cattle Crossings, and Native Plantings

X X

budget $15,000 to

$20,000 per year

RAWA, Growing Greener

Estimate $20,000 per farm; BCCD

programs

4.7 Develop a Watershed Model for Phosphorus LoadingX $20,000 RAWA, Growing

Greener

6.2 Develop Education Program for School Children in the Maiden Creek Watershed X $5,000 WREN, DEP, Env. Ed grants BCCD programs

8.6 Develop a Sediment Model to Better Understand Sediment DynamicsX $20,000 RAWA, Growing

Greener

8.4YEAR 1 - Dredge the Upper Neck of Lake Ontelaunee to Create an In-stream Sediment Trap (Planning, Design, and Permitting) X $50,000 RAWA

8.4YEAR 2 - Dredge the Upper Neck of Lake Ontelaunee to Create an In-stream Sediment Trap (Planning, Design, and Permitting) X $100,000 RAWA

8.4YEAR 3 - Dredge the Upper Neck of Lake Ontelaunee to Create an In-stream Sediment Trap X $1,350,000 RAWA

8.7 Evaluate Control of Purple Loosestrife in Upper Neck with Dredging X X $15,000 RAWA, habitat grants

YEAR 2

YEAR 3

CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS

Page 2 of 4

Table ES-1: Source Water Protection Implementation Plan

BC

CD

BC

C

BC

PC

BO

K

PWD

MC

WA

CFC

L

Con

sulta

n t Possible Funding Sources

Potential Partners

Primary Funding Sources

RA

WA

BO

D

RA

WA

Sta

ff

CostActivity

2.1 Monitor Watershed For New PSOCs X X X X

2.2 Enlist Volunteer Help to Monitor the WatershedX X X X RAWA, Growing

Greener

2.3 Maintain the PSOC Database X2.6 Continue Targeted Outreach to High-Risk PSOCs X X X X $1,000/yr WREN2.7 Monitor Goose Population and Implement Control Measures if Necessary X

3.1Develop a Map and Summary of Previously Completed Riparian Projects in the Watershed with BCCD X X $3,000 RAWA, William

Penn Fdn BCCD program

3.2 Provide Streambank Maintenance for Farmers X X

3.5 Work with Golf Courses to Protect Streambanks X X X $1,000 RAWA, WREN, BCCD

4.1 Participate in the Delaware Valley Early Warning System X X

6.1Partner with Other Agencies to Continue Education Program for Reading Area School Children X $5,000 WREN, DEP,

Env. Ed grants9.2 Discuss Emergency Plans with Berks Products Quarry X X

10.2Conduct Detailed Evaluation of Using Berks Products Quarry Water for Emergency/Long-term Supply X

3.6 Hold Educational Workshops about Riparian Buffers X X X X Growing Greener BCCD, BCC

3.7 Work with Municipalities to Adopt Stream Buffer Ordinances X X X BCPC

6.3 Attend Community Festivals with Educational Materials X X X X $500/yr for materials WREN BCCD, BCC,

MCWA

6.4 Develop Press Releases and Newspaper Articles About Source Water Protection X X X X X

7.1 Help Municipalities Strengthen Their Natural Resource Protection Ordinances

X X Budget $4,000/year

BCPC CZIP program;

reimburses $10,000 per municipality

7.2 Educate Officials to Limit Granting Exceptions to Natural Resource Ordinances X X X X X

7.3Support Sewerage Plans that Eliminate Failing Septic Systems and Septic System Education and Maintenance Programs X X Letters of

support

8.5Work with Watershed Municipalities to Adopt Sediment Control Measures During Construction X

ONGOING ACTIVITIES

PARTNERSHIP ACTIVITIES

Page 3 of 4

Table ES-1: Source Water Protection Implementation Plan

BC

CD

BC

C

BC

PC

BO

K

PWD

MC

WA

CFC

L

Con

sulta

n t Possible Funding Sources

Potential Partners

Primary Funding Sources

RA

WA

BO

D

RA

WA

Sta

ff

CostActivity

2.42.53.46.59.3

10.310.4

Notes:BCCD = Berks County Conservation DistrictBCC = Berks County ConservancyBCPC = Berks County Planning Commision BOK = Borough of KutztownPWD = Philadelphia Water DepartmentMCWA = Maiden Creek Watershed AssociationCFCL = Center for Community Leadership, Albright College

Investigate Possibility of Reactivating Antietam Lake

Install Highway Signs Where I-78 Crosses Maiden CreekDevelop Partnership with PennDOT

Provide Funding for General Educational Programs in the Maiden Creek WatershedConduct a Detailed Analysis for Developing an Emergency Intake on Willow CreekDiscuss Long-term Water Needs with Western Berks Water Authority

Establish Program For Protecting Stream Buffers on Row-crop Agricultural Land

FUTURE ACTIVITIES

Page 4 of 4

Appendix B

Public Education Materials

A watershed is all the land that drains to the sameriver or lake. Water travels from the highest pointsat the watershed edge to the lowest point at thebottom of the watershed. Wherever you are, youare in a watershed!

When it rains, some water travels over the landsurface to the nearest stream or creek. This wateris called surface runoff or stormwater. As thestormwater flows, it picks up any contaminantslying on the surface – pesticides and fertilizer fromlawns, manure from farms, sediment fromconstruction sites, and oil and gas from roads.Small streams join to form larger and larger rivers,until the water – and any contaminants it iscarrying.

Some precipitation, instead of traveling over theland, will percolate into the soil and reach thegroundwater. Similarly, the groundwater may pickup these contaminants, which are then carried bythe groundwater into one of the rivers or lakes inthe watershed.

Much of the Pennsylvania countryside is in agricultural operations, and plays a huge rolein our commonwealth’s production of food. Conversely, agriculture also has a hugeimpact on the drinking water sources throughout the state. Farmers have a uniquechallenge in balancing efficient operations with environmental stewardship. Thisbrochure is designed to provide information on various Best Management Practices(BMPs) that can help reduce nutrients found in manure and sediment from row crops.

All agricultural producers are encouraged to seek assistance from their CountyConservation District and the Natural Resources Conservation Service for the installationand implementation of these practices.

This brochure has been funded by the Pennsylvania Department ofEnvironmental Protection’s Source Water Protection’s SourceWater Protection Technical Assistance Program.

A Program By:Berks County Water & Sewer Association

Center for Excellence in Local Governmentc/o Albright College

http://www.albright.edu/localgov/bcwsa/index.html

For More Information Contact:Berks County Conservation District

1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 200Leesport, PA 19533

610-372-4657www.berkscd.com

Your drinking water may becomepolluted when substances that areharmful to human health enter thegroundwater or surface source, likea lake or reservoir. Sometimespollutants like manure andsediment from stormwater runofffind their way into streams andcreeks. Once water is contaminated,it must be treated or abandoned asa drinking water source. Theexpense of treating polluted wateror finding a new source of drinkingwater can be avoided throughsource water protection.

No-Till Planting and Contour Strips reduce loss of sediment through stormwater runoff.

Creek Crossings minimize animal

access to streams, and reduces manure and

sediment contamination.

Buffer Plantings along streams and

creeks help filter pollutants in

stormwater runoff from getting into

the water.

Streambank Fencing prevents animals from depositing manure

into streams. The fence also avoids destruction of the streambanksthat add sediment to the water.

Conservation and Nutrient Plans help farmers with sustainable operations while complying with Pennsylvania Chapter 102 and Act 38 regulations.

For more information:Berks County Conservation Districthttp://www.berkscd.com/

Natural Resources Conservation Servicehttp://www.pa.nrcs.usda.gov/

Grazing Management helps maintain plant life on pasture lands, reducing soil loss during rain events or snow melts.

What can you do to reduce

waste?

• Dispose of motor oil at a garage that will

recycle it. Never pour oil on the ground or

in a storm drain or sewer on the street.

• Purchase alternative products that contain

fewer hazardous ingredients.

• Use only as much as you need, and use

up the product completely.

• Minimize the use of pesticides and

herbicides on your lawn and garden. Use

biodegradable products when available.

• Do not pour used or unused chemicals or

paints down the drain or flush in the toilet.

• Use water-based paints if possible. Sweep

up dust and paint chips from sanding or

stripping activities.

• NEVER mix leftover chemicals with other

materials.

• Make sure all chemicals are properly

labeled and stored away from children and

pets.

• Remember: anything you throw or store

on the ground can find its way into the

groundwater. Store and handle chemicals

properly.

A watershed is all the land that drains to the

same river or lake. Water travels from the highest

points at the watershed edge to the lowest point

at the bottom of the watershed. Wherever you

are, you are in a watershed!

When it rains, some water travels over the land

surface to the nearest stream or creek. This water

is called surface runoff or stormwater. As the

stormwater flows, it picks up any contaminants

lying on the surface – pesticides and fertilizer

from lawns, manure from farms, sediment from

construction sites, and oil and gas from roads.

Small streams join to form larger and larger

rivers, until the water – and any contaminants it is

carrying – reaches both public and private water

sources!

Some precipitation, instead of traveling over the

land, will percolate into the soil and reach the

groundwater, such as homeowner drinking wells

or springs. The groundwater ultimately flows into

one of the rivers or lakes in the watershed.

For more information

Check the Berks County Solid Waste Authority

website for collection sites and dates.

http://www.co.berks.pa.us/Dept/SWA/Pages/default.aspx

A Program By:Berks County Water & Sewer Association

Center for Excellence in Local Governmentc/o Albright College

http://www.albright.edu/localgov/bcwsa/index.html

For More Information Contact:Berks County Conservation District

1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 200Leesport, PA 19533

610-372-4657www.berkscd.com

How does drinking water sometimes become polluted?Your drinking water may become polluted when substances that areharmful to human health enter the groundwater or surface water,like a creek, lake, or reservoir. Once water is contaminated, it mustbe treated or abandoned as a drinking water source. The expense oftreating polluted water or finding a new source of drinking water canbe avoided through source water protection.

Did you know that many household

products are dangerous to our

children, pets, and the

environment? Household cleaners,

lawn and garden chemicals,

gasoline, antifreeze, and many

other substances need to be stored

and disposed of properly.

When Household Hazardous

Waste (HHW) makes its way into

the environment, plants, animals,

and humans can all be affected.

Never throw away these materials

into the trash or flush down a drain.

All the items listed in this brochure

should be carefully handled and

disposed of according to directions.

Check for HHW collection events

sponsored by the Berks County

Solid Waste Authority at:

http://www.co.berks.pa.us/Dept/SWA/Pages/default.aspx

WHAT IS HHW:

Oil-based paint

Vehicle fluids like gasoline,

used motor oil, and antifreeze

Lawn & garden fertilizers,

pesticides, and herbicides

Pool Chemicals

Solvents

Household cleaners

Lithium and NiCad batteries

WHAT ISN’T HHW:

Latex Paint

Ammunition

Medical waste

Joint/Caulking compound

Gas cylinders

Electronics (recyclable)

Tires (recyclable for fee)

Not sure if you have HHW in your home

or whether it’s recyclable? Check here

for answers:

http://www.co.berks.pa.us/Dept/SWA/Pages/default.aspx

This brochure has been funded by the Pennsylvania Department

of Environmental Protection’s Source Water Protection’s Source

Water Protection Technical Assistance Program.

The members of the Berks County Source

Water Protection Committee are working

nonstop to provide our customers with a

clean and reliable source of drinking water,

and we could use your help!

Steps to help us protect our

water supplies

• Minimize the use of pesticides and

herbicides on your lawn and garden.

• Do not dump swimming pool water into a

creek or storm drain at the end of the

season. If possible, direct the water into

the sanitary sewer. Otherwise, wait until

the chlorine diminishes and then direct

water into grass, forest, or other natural

areas.

• Remember: Anything you throw or store

on the ground can find its way into

waterways. Anything you flush down the

toilet or rinse down a sink will end up in a

waterway. Store, handle and dispose of

all chemicals properly.

• Bring household hazardous waste – such

as paint, varnishes, and other chemicals

to recycling facilities. Check the Berks

County Solid Waste Authority website for

details at http://www.co.berks.pa.us/swa

• Dispose of motor oil at a garage that will

recycle it. Never pour oil on the ground or

in a storm drain or sewer on the street.

• Call the PA Department of Environmental

Protection at 877-333-1904 immediately

if you observe a chemical spill.

The goal of source water protection ispreventing contaminants from enteringwaterways that serve as our drinkingwater sources. Protecting our sourcewater from pollutants not only protectsour drinking water supplies, but it alsomakes economic sense, as it can beextremely costly to remove pollutantsfrom drinking water sources throughcomplex treatments. Protecting oursource water also helps protect thenatural environment by providing ahealthy habitat for countless species.

The source water for Berks Countyresidents can come from groundwaterwells, springs, reservoirs, rivers, orcreeks. To further strengthen oursource water protection efforts, manydrinking water systems and otherpartners have developed a County-wide Source Water Protection Program.

The program members are committedto Source Water Protection for thehealth and well-being of all our naturalresources!

Proper Disposal of

Pharmaceuticals and other

Chemicals

Source: USGS

A Program By:Berks County Water & Sewer Association

Center for Excellence in Local Governmentc/o Albright College

http://www.albright.edu/localgov/bcwsa/index.html

For More Information Contact:Berks County Conservation District

1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 200Leesport, PA 19533

610-372-4657www.berkscd.com

Your drinking waterproviders work around theclock to provide top qualitywater to every tap. It is atask that all water systemstake very seriously. Theywork hard to protect ourwater resources, which arethe heart of ourcommunity, our way of lifeand our children’s future.

Pharmaceuticals can impact the qualityof your drinking water. It can be verydifficult to remove even trace amountsof pharmaceuticals from groundwater orsurface sources. To maintain a clean,dependable water supply, your watersystem needs your help. This brochurewas developed to make the communityaware of the importance of properdisposable of prescription medications.

Please read this brochure carefully. Ifyou have any additional questions,please refer to the guidelines cited inthis brochure or contact the BerksCounty Solid Water Authority for moreinformation on drop-off boxes in yourneighborhood.

• A few small steps can make a huge impact insafeguarding the environment and improving waterquality.

• Do not flush unwanted or leftover medications downthe toilet or sink drain. They may affect groundwaterand private drinking water wells.

• Never give your unwanted medicine to someone else.Having unwanted medications around the homepresents a danger to children, guests, and pets thatcould accidentally ingest them.

• Take advantage of the community pharmaceuticaltake-back programs available in Berks County thatallow the public to bring unused drugs to variouslocations for proper disposal. Visit the Berks CountySolid Waste Authority website below for additionalinformation on collection events and dropoff points inyour neighborhood.

This brochure has been funded by the Pennsylvania Department

of Environmental Protection’s Source Water Protection Technical

Assistance Program.

Hamburg Drop Box

What can you do?

• Dispose of used motor oil at a garage that

will recycle it. Never pour oil on the ground

or in a storm drain on the street.

• Minimize the use of pesticides and

herbicides on your lawn and garden. Use

biodegradable products when available.

• Do not pour unwanted pharmaceuticals or

unused chemicals or paints down the drain

or flush in the toilet. Take your

pharmaceuticals to a collection area to avoid

use by others.

• Participate in community cleanup events or

planting projects.

• Contact your county solid waste department

for Household Hazardous Waste collection

events in your area.

• Clean up after your pet. Pet waste contains

bacteria and other pathogens that can make

its way into waterways through rain or snow

melt.

• If you have an on-lot septic system, inspect it

and arrange for pump-out every three years,

or according to local ordinances.

• Remember: anything you throw or store on

the ground can find its way into the

groundwater or surface water. Store and

handle chemicals properly.

A watershed is all the land that drains to the

same river or lake. Water travels from the highest

points at the watershed edge to the lowest point

at the bottom of the watershed. Wherever you

are, you are in a watershed!

When it rains, some water travels over the land

surface to the nearest stream or creek. This water

is called surface runoff or stormwater. As the

stormwater flows, it picks up any contaminants

lying on the surface – pesticides and fertilizer

from lawns, manure from farms, sediment from

construction sites, and oil and gas from roads.

Small streams join to form larger and larger

rivers, until the water – and any contaminants it is

carrying – reaches the water sources.

Some precipitation, instead of traveling over the

land, will percolate into the soil and reach the

groundwater. Similarly, the groundwater may pick

up nitrates from failing septic systems, gasoline

from leaky storage tanks, and industrial

chemicals from improper dumping. The

groundwater may supply your drinking water

wells, and ultimately flows into one of the rivers or

lakes in the watershed.

For more information on recycling

programs:

Check the Berks County Solid Waste Authority

website for programs available.

http://www.co.berks.pa.us/Dept/SWA/Recycle/pages/default.aspx

A Program By:Berks County Water & Sewer Association

Center for Excellence in Local Governmentc/o Albright College

http://www.albright.edu/localgov/bcwsa/index.html

For More Information Contact:Berks County Conservation District

1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 200Leesport, PA 19533

610-372-4657www.berkscd.com

How does drinking water sometimes become polluted?Your drinking water may become polluted when substances that areharmful to human health enter the groundwater or surface source,like a lake or reservoir. Common pollutants include gasoline or oilfrom leaking tanks, homeowner lawn and garden activities , salt fromwinter road maintenance, and other chemicals from stormwaterrunoff. Once water is contaminated, it must be treated or abandonedas a drinking water source. The expense of treating polluted water orfinding a new source of drinking water can be avoided throughsource water protection.

When heating oil or other materials makes

its way into the environment, plants,

animals, and humans can all be affected.

Leaking tanks can potentially contaminate

public water supplies, private wells,

contaminate soil, and cause fire or

explosion hazards.

Cleanups to tank owners can also be very

expensive. Owners of leaking

underground storage tanks are required to

clean up affected contaminated soil as

well as polluted groundwater or surface

water like creeks and streams.

If you notice a leak, it is in your best

interest to clean it up promptly and

properly to reduce expense, liability, and

the potential for contamination. Your best

bet is to prevent contamination by

monitoring and maintaining your tank.

Access these informative factsheets at

http://www.dep.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx

SEARCH: Home Heating Oil Tanks• Tips for Residential Tank Owners

• Home Heating Oil Releases

• Leaking Underground Storage Tanks:

Controlling Cleanup Costs

Routinely inspect the exterior of an

aboveground tank and all attached

equipment.

Install spill and overfill prevention devices.

Ensure that the tank address is clear and

the fill line is marked, to help avoid accidental

deliveries.

Consider a secondary containment

structure to prevent spills or leaks from

entering the environment.

Be sure to take out the fill pipe if removing

a tank from inside your home.

If you notice drips or leaks, or you are

using more oil than normal, call a professional

for a detailed inspection of your tank.

epa.gov

epa.gov

This brochure is funded by the PA Department of Environmental Protection’s Source Water

Protection Technical Assistance Program

Remember that the Homeowner is responsible for the care and maintenance of the septic system! Here are some ideas to keep your system in top shape:

• Inspect the entire system every 1 to 3 years to ensure good working order.

• Pump the solids from the tank every three (3) years to avoid overfilling and failing tanks.

• Keep service and pumping records handy.

• Repair the system as soon as trouble signs appear, such as sluggish toilets, sewer odors, spongy ground around septic tank, or raw sewage backups.

• Conserve water and follow directions to prevent malfunctions.

•If you use a private supply, ensure safe drinking water by periodically testing the water.

Visit the PA Department of Environmental Protection website for more information at http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/watermgt/wqp/wqp_wm/FACTS/pa1607.htm

Date Company Service Comments

Septic System Maintenance Record

Households that are not on a public sewer system may use an on-lot septic system to dispose oftheir wastewater. Household wastewater contains all the wastes from our homes, including toiletuse, bathroom and kitchen use, laundry, and other activities. It contains human waste, detergents,chemicals, grease, oils, and many other substances. If not treated properly, these substances cantravel through soil and potentially contaminate groundwater and/or local waterways.

Most systems have three components:• Septic Tank – Tanks can be constructed from plastic, fiberglass, or concrete. Tank size andspecifications are determined by state regulation, and systems are permitted and approved bylocal agencies.

• Drainfield – a drainfield is constructed from a series of perforated pipes buried in gravel- filledtrenches in the soil. When wastewater enters the septic tank, an equal amount (known aseffluent) is forced into the drainfield for treatment.

• Soil – the soil encompassing the trenches treats the wastewater by allowing infiltration of theliquids to neutralize most of the pollutants. The effluent eventually is incorporated intogroundwater.

Photo courtesy of Infiltrator Systems, Inc.

For more information

On-lot Sewage Programhttp://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/watermgt/wqp/wqp_wm/FACTS/pa1607.htm

On-lot Wastewater Systems: Basicshttp://extension.psu.edu/natural-resources/water/septic-systems/on-lot-sewage-systems

On-lot System Operation and Maintenancehttp://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/watermgt/wqp/wqp_wm/facts/pa1608.htm

Water Wellness Seminarhttp://files.dep.state.pa.us/EnvironmentalEd/Environmental%20Education/EnvEdPortalFiles/DEP_At_Home/Water_Wellness/Onlot_Sewage_Systems_Presentation_Sept2012.pdf

A Program By:Berks County Water & Sewer Association

Center for Excellence in Local Governmentc/o Albright College

http://www.albright.edu/localgov/bcwsa/index.html

For More Information Contact:Berks County Conservation District

1238 County Welfare Road, Suite 200Leesport, PA 19533

610-372-4657www.berkscd.com

Everyone uses local water sources every day,but do you know where your water really comesfrom?

The staff at your water utility work around theclock to provide top quality water to every tap.Wastewater facilities work hard to dischargewater that meets regulations and protects yourwater resources, which are the heart of yourcommunity, your way of life and your children’sfuture. To maintain a clean, dependable watersupply, they need your help!

This brochure was developed to make yourcommunity aware of the importance ofprotecting your water supply. Once a watersource becomes contaminated, the cleanupoften takes many years and can be veryexpensive. It is in our community’s best interestto take the proper precautions to preventcontaminants from entering our water supply.

Who is responsible for protecting your drinkingwater? EVERYONE! Whether you use a publicsupply or a private source, we are all connectedto the same water!

If you have any questions about source waterprotection in your area, please contact theBerks County Water & Sewer Association atBCWSA@alb.edu, or visit the BCWSA website athttps://www.albright.edu/localgov/bcwsa/index.html for more information.

Water utilities obtain your drinking water from a variety ofsources, such as a groundwater well, spring, surface reservoir,river, or creek. Source water protection can help prevent yourdrinking water from becoming polluted by managing possiblesources of contamination in the watershed. Everyone has animportant part to play in protecting drinking water – today andfor the future. Source water protection is a community effort –we hope you will read this and other information forwarded toyou, and help protect our water supply.

Why do water sources sometimes become polluted? A watersupply can become polluted when substances that are harmfulto human health enter the groundwater, rivers, reservoir, orsprings. Common pollutants include gasoline or oil from leakingtanks, nitrate and pesticides from agriculture and lawns,pathogens from livestock and pet waste, salt from winter roadmaintenance, and chemicals from industrial facilities. Oncedrinking water is contaminated, it must be treated orabandoned as a drinking water source. The expense of treatingpolluted water or finding a new source of drinking water can beavoided through source water protection.

Source: USGS

What can you do?• Pump out your septic system every three years, or as

required by local ordinance. Look under “Septic Tanks” inthe Yellow Pages to find a contractor.

• Minimize the use of pesticides and herbicides on yourlawn and garden.

• If you drill a new well, make sure the old one is properlyclosed and abandoned, and periodically test the newwater.

• Do not dump swimming pool water into a creek or stormdrain at the end of the season. If possible, direct the waterinto the sanitary sewer. Otherwise, wait until the chlorinediminishes and then direct pool water onto grass, forest,or other natural area.

• Remember: anything you throw or store on the groundcan find its way into the water supply. Store and handlechemicals properly.

• Dispose of motor oil at a garage that will recycle it. Neverpour oil on the ground or in a storm drain or sewer on thestreet.

• Bring household hazardous waste – such as paint,varnishes, and other chemicals – to a Berks County wastecollection event. Check for dates on this website:http://www.co.berks.pa.us/Dept/SWA/Pages/default.aspx

• Do not flush medications or pour down the drain, as theymay affect groundwater and private wells. Dispose ofthese at a Berks County collection event.

• Call the PA Department of Environmental Protection officeat (877) 333-1904 immediately if you observe a chemicalspill.

This brochure has been funded by the Pennsylvania Department of

Environmental Protection’s Source Water Protection Technical

Assistance Program.

Reading Area Water Authority

Source Water Protection Program

1

Reading Area Water Authority

Lake Ontelaunee

Source Water Protection Program

• January 2014 – The chemical spill into the Elk River in WV affected 300,000 people in nine counties – banning water use for days.

• August 2014 - Toledo, Ohio water ban due to massive algal blooms in Lake Erie. Authorities are blaming agricultural runoff, septic failures, and sludge from sewage treatment plants building up for a decade.

• February 2015 – Train carrying crude oil derails and explodes in West Virginia, sending the oil into the Kanawha River, causing a temporary closure of two water treatment plants.

• March 2015 – Medical waste found in the Arkansas River contained used syringes and vials of blood.

• January 2016 – Flint, MI has high lead levels in their finished water, leached from corroded pipes throughout the distribution system.

Why We Need Source Water Protection

NOAA/AP Photo

Photo from CNN.com

Photo from KFOR-TV

AP Photo/Tyler Evert

Photo from Min Tang and Kelsey Pieper

• Berks County is 40% of the Schuylkill River Watershed

• The Maiden Creek Watershed is 216 square miles in Berks and Lehigh Counties.

The Schuylkill River Watershed

Maiden Creek Watershed

Reading Area Water Authority

• Source of water supply is Lake

Ontelaunee, located 8 miles north of

Reading.

• Provides water to 125,000 residents in

and around the City of Reading.

• Supplemental water source on the

Maiden Creek.

• Lake Ontelaunee is included on

Pennsylvania’s 303(d) list of impaired

streams.

• Lake Ontelaunee Total Maximum Daily

Load document completed in 2004;

impaired for sediment and phosphorus.

Photo courtesy L. O’Hare

• Importance of RAWA and Source Water Protection.

• Implementation of management strategies.

• Develop the connection between watershed residents and service area.

• Team approach to Source Water Protection through partnerships with watershed stakeholders.

RAWA’s Vision

Source Water Protection Plan

Reading Area Water Authority

Source Water Protection Program

2

Original plan approved by DEP in

September 2007 as part of a Source

Water Protection pilot program in

Pennsylvania.

• Source water protection zones:• Zone A: 63 square miles in Berks• Zone B: 153 square miles in

Berks/Lehigh

Time-of-Travel to source from any point

in watershed was updated in 2015.

Source Water Protection Program

• Annually review management

strategies and assess ongoing

activities.

• Annual steering committee meetings.

• Prepare plan updates as needed.

RAWA Source Water Protection Plan PSOC Inventory

• Environmental databases were researched to find possible Potential Sources of Contamination (PSOCs) within the protection zones.

• Over 425 preliminary Point Source PSOCs were identified; extensive research and field review reduced inventory to 212 priority points of concern.

• Land-use study was conducted to determine the highest risks from non-point sources, like stormwater and agricultural runoff.

Protecting our Watersheds

Photo courtesy of L. O’Hare

RAWA is proud of its leadership in the Source Water Protection community:

• 2013 Exemplary Source Water Protection Award for Large Systems from the American Water Works Association, recognizing the development and implementation of exemplary SWP Programs

• 2008 Conservation Organization of the Year from the Berks County Conservation District for its support in agricultural and monitoring programs

Award-Winning Community Service

• RAWA’s staff and consulting team have been involved with numerous water quality improvement projects within the Maiden Creek watershed and its subbasins.

• Land purchase within protection zones help keep it in natural state.

• Staff plants 500 - 1,000 trees annually on city property around Lake Ontelaunee.

Water Protection On The Ground

Photo courtesy L. O’Hare

Photo courtesy B. Kahley

Algae sampling program was started in 2014, with sampling events conducted March through November.

• 3 locations at multiple depths, including Secchi disk depths.

• New luminometer equipment tracks biomass activity.

• Algae sampling helps provide information on total counts and taste and odor issues.

Current sampling conducted for specific types of blue-green algae recently identified by EPA that pose human ingestion and health concerns.

Lake Monitoring

Image courtesy of Bing Maps

Algae blooms

Reading Area Water Authority

Source Water Protection Program

3

Photo courtesy L. O’Hare

Watershed Monitoring

Water Quality Sampling - 10 locations in watershed• Samples monitored for Total Manganese,

Orthophosphate, Total Phosphorus, Nitrate-Nitrogen, Total Suspended Solids, Temperature, Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, Dissolved Oxygen %, pH, and ORP

Macroinvertebrate Sampling• Used to gauge overall water quality on

a seasonal basis.• 20 locations in watershed (Berks and

Lehigh County)• No serious impacts have been noted,

except some nitrate issues in the Moselem Creek subwatershed.

Conducting ongoing watershed monitoring project with Berks Nature on selected farms for the EPA’s 319 program.

Watershed Monitoring

Sewage Treatment Plant Discharge Sampling

• Program started in 2014.

• Determine phosphorus levels entering the watershed and lake from point sources.

• Will gain permission from the NPDES permit holders.

• Results will be shared.

Ongoing monitoring collaboration with Philadelphia Water Department and Lehigh University to determine presence of Cryptosporidium in Lake Ontelaunee.

Watershed Reconnaissance

EPA Superfund Sites

• Tracking activity along Bowers and Wileys Roads as a result of lead contamination.

Emerging Contaminants• Meetings with USGS, DEP, and

other partners to monitor potential issues with emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals and fire retardants in waterways.

Monitoring of Pollution Events

• Follow-up with local DEP office if releases discovered in field that may impact waterways.

• Charter Member of Berks County Water & Sewer Association (BCWSA); participate on the Education Committee.

• Source Water Protection outreach to 3 golf courses, encouraging management of chemicals. 2 in Berks County, 1 in Lehigh County.

• Provided financial and staff support to the Hamburg Municipal Authority and the Borough of Hamburg to install watershed education signs along hiking trails.

• Partnering with the One Wish Foundation to provide hunting and fishing opportunities in and around Lake Ontelaunee.

• Cooperative effort with national and local Trout Unlimited chapters attained the delisting of stream segments through the Unassessed Waters program.

Watershed Protection in the Community

Photo courtesy L. O’Hare

• Assisting in the development of a Watershed Implementation Plan for the Lower Maiden Creek area, a new initiative with the Schuylkill Action Network.

• New partnership with Nestlé Waters in Lehigh County, within the upper reaches of the watershed.

• Partnering with other local environmental groups to establish the AquaPolluzzastudent education day at Angelica Park in Berks County; also participates in the Lehigh County Water Supplier’s “HYDROMANIA” program during Drinking Water Week.

• Participates in the awards ceremony for the annual Berks County Senior Envirothon.

Watershed Protection in the Community

Photo courtesy of LVWater

Emergency Management

• Cooperation with Berks County Department of Emergency Services (DES)

• Provided protection zone information to DES staff for improved spill and release response.

• Initiated discussions on Bakken crude oil transports through protection zones.

• Attend meetings for the Local Emergency Planning Committee.

• BCDES provides real-time notification to RAWA of any release incidents within the watershed.

• Participation in the Delaware Valley Early Warning System

• DVEWS is a program administered by the Philadelphia Water Department for water utilities to share information and emergency events in the Schuylkill River Watershed

Reading Area Water Authority

Source Water Protection Program

4

Member of Schuylkill Action Network’s Agricultural and Pathogens/Compliance Workgroups

Agriculture Restoration Projects:

• Assists SAN, Berks Nature, and the Berks County Conservation District with invasive species removal on restoration sites

• Contributes financial support to Berks Nature and the Lehigh County Conservation District for the development of conservation plans on watershed farms

Agricultural Restoration

Photos courtesy L. Lloyd

Questions?

Appendix C

DEP Annual Program Update Form

3940-FM-BSDW0098 Rev. 8/2017 Date Received_______

- 1 -

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

BUREAU OF SAFE DRINKING WATER

ANNUAL SOURCE WATER PROTECTION PROGRAM UPDATE

THIS FORM SHOULD BE COMPLETED IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN ACTIVE STATUS OF AN APPROVED LOCAL SOURCE WATER PROTECTION (SWP) PROGRAM.

Report for Calendar Year: Jan. 1 To Dec. 31, (Fill in Previous Year) Source Water Protection Plan Approval Date: RETURN BY MARCH 31 TO THE SAFE DRINKING WATER PROGRAM - REGIONAL SOURCE WATER PROTECTION MANAGER AT THE REGIONAL OFFICE THAT SERVES YOUR COUNTY (See page 5).

System Name

System Address

PWSID #

Municipality

System Phone #

Source ID(s) #

County

Contact Person Name & Title

Contact Person Address

Contact Person Phone #

Contact Person E-mail Address

Please answer the following questions as completely as possible, and include additional pages as necessary.

1. What are your source water protection goals? Please check all that apply.

Protection of existing source water quality.

Improvement of existing source water quality.

Protection of potential future drinking water source quality (e.g., possible new well locations).

Other:

2. Did you have at least one steering committee meeting during the reporting year?

Yes. Please indicate when and attach list of meeting attendees and meeting minutes.

No. Please describe what barriers prevented you from having a meeting this year.

3. Were there any changes to your drinking water system with respect to your source(s)?

Yes, increases or decreases in withdrawals. Please describe.

Yes, changes in usage patterns. Please describe.

Yes, sources abandoned or new sources added. Please describe.

No.

3940-FM-BSDW0098 Rev. 8/2017 Date Received_______

- 2 -

4. Were there any changes to your drinking water system with respect to land use?

Yes, land use changes in SWP zones. Please describe and attach map.

Yes, system changes driven by land use. Please describe and attach map.

No. (Verified by previous and current Annual Sanitary Survey (Chapter 109.705) by water supplier)

5. Which of the following land uses do you consider to be the biggest threat to source water quality?

Please check all that apply.

Agricultural

Residential

Industrial

Commercial

Transportation Corridors

Oil and Gas Development

Private or Public Forest Land (Timbering)

Other:

➢ Is this a change from the land use analysis in your Source Water Protection Plan?

Yes. Please describe.

No. (Verified by previous and current Annual Sanitary Survey (Chapter 109.705) by water supplier)

6. Please list your current top three (3) potential sources of contamination (PSOCs):

1.

2.

3.

➢ Is this a change from the PSOCs listed in your Source Water Protection Plan?

Yes. Please describe.

No.

➢ Are there any new PSOCs?

Yes. Please list the type, amount, and distance from each water source. Locate the contaminant

source(s) on a map as well as the water source and attach to this form.

Type:

Amount:

Distance:

No. (Verified by previous and current Annual Sanitary Survey (Chapter 109.705) by water supplier)

3940-FM-BSDW0098 Rev. 8/2017 Date Received_______

- 3 -

7. Is implementation of SWP area management measures in accordance with the implementation

schedule in your plan? If not, please explain.

Yes.

No. Please describe parts of plan not on schedule and provide revised implementation dates.

➢ Which of the following management options have you implemented this year or already

have in place/maintain? Please describe briefly.

Public Education.

PSOC Outreach.

Projects with Partner Groups.

Coordination with Emergency Responders.

Land Purchase.

Overlay Zoning.

Ordinances.

Other:

➢ Please describe future plans and implementation dates for the upcoming year.

8. What resources have you applied to your program? Please describe briefly.

Personnel Time.

Volunteer Time.

3940-FM-BSDW0098 Rev. 8/2017 Date Received_______

- 4 -

Grants.

Direct Funding.

Other:

9. What partners have you worked with? Please describe briefly.

County Conservation District.

County Planning.

Emergency Responders.

Watershed Association.

Conservation Organization.

Other:

10. Have you updated and coordinated your emergency response plan to include responses to

additional incidents that may impact the quality of your drinking water source?

Yes. No. 11. Have you updated your contingency plan for providing an alternate supply of drinking water as a

result of an actual or recently realized potential drinking water source contamination event?

Yes. No. 12. What barriers, if any, are preventing you from implementing your Source Water Protection Plan in

a manner that meets all of your source water protection goals? Please describe briefly.

Lack of Personnel Time.

Lack of Funding.

Lack of Interest by Local Officials.

3940-FM-BSDW0098 Rev. 8/2017 Date Received_______

- 5 -

Lack of Volunteer or Partner Interest.

Lack of Knowledge.

Other:

13. Please add any additional comments you may have.

Comments:

14. Has the Source Water Protection Plan ever been amended?

Yes, and an addendum has been submitted to the Department. Revision Date:

Yes, and an addendum will be submitted to the Department. Revision Date:

No.

15. Please sign and date.

Signature: Date:

DEP REGIONAL OFFICES SAFE DRINKING WATER PROGRAM

Northwest Region 230 Chestnut St. Meadville, PA 16335-3481 814-332-6899 Counties: Butler, Clarion, Crawford, Elk, Erie, Forest, Jefferson, Lawrence, McKean, Mercer, Venango and Warren

Northcentral Region 208 W. Third St., Suite 101 Williamsport, PA 17701 570-327-3636 Counties: Bradford, Cameron, Centre, Clearfield, Clinton, Columbia, Lycoming, Montour, Northumberland, Potter, Snyder, Sullivan, Tioga and Union

Northeast Region 2 Public Square Wilkes-Barre, PA 18701-0790 570-826-2511 Counties: Carbon, Lackawanna, Lehigh, Luzerne, Monroe, Northampton, Pike, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, Wayne and Wyoming

Southwest Region 400 Waterfront Drive Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4745 412-442-4217 Counties: Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Somerset, Washington and Westmoreland

Southcentral Region 909 Elmerton Ave. Harrisburg, PA 17110 717-705-4708 Counties: Adams, Bedford, Berks, Blair, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Fulton, Huntingdon, Juniata, Lancaster, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry and York

Southeast Region 2 E. Main Street Norristown, PA 19401 484-250-5900 Counties: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia

READING

1047 North Park Road | PO Box 6307

Reading, PA 19610-0307

P. 610.621.2000 | F. 610.621.2001

LEHIGH VALLEY

Roma Corporate Center, Suite 520

1605 N. Cedar Crest Boulevard

Allentown, PA 18104

P. 610.849.9700 | F. 610.849.9701

LANCASTER

701 Creekside Lane

Lititz, PA 17543

P. 717.568..2678 | F. 610.621.2001