SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV:Three Present Tenses

Introducing the Present Perfect and its special relationship with now.

SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV: Three Present Tenses

am wearing

wear/s

NOW

Present: Time Line

have worn

SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV: Three Present Tenses

I, you, we, they have

he, she it has+ 3rd verb form

Third verb form is the past participle:Regular verbs add –ed.Irregular verbs have to be learned by heart.Present perfect of have got is have/has had.To go has two past particles. What's the difference?

Present Perfect: Form

gone shopping been shoppingand

is on the note on the kitchen table

the fridge is full

SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV: Three Present Tenses

for results occurring some time in the past and up to now;

Questions and negatives with ever (never) to indicate a longer period of time;

Statements with since and for to show the actual period of time

with just, recently, lately for a recent event (news);

Events which have a bearing on the present, i.e. they are still current.

Present Perfect: Use

SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV: Three Present Tenses

NowSince (a point in time)yesterday, last week, 2 o‘clock this morning

For (a period of time) a week, three years, a few minutes, a couple of hours

For and Since

Since is often found with the perfect.

For can be used for any period of time.

SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV: Three Present Tenses

Now

I lived in Darmstadt for 5 years.

I am teaching English for ninety minutes.

I will take a break for a few months.

I have worked with PPP for 5 weeks.

For with other tenses

SoSe 2009 © 2009, Lee Traynor, MA (Oxon)

EfS Grammar IV: Three Present Tenses

The Present Perfect is a present tense:

Never use it with an indication of when something happened.

Finally …