sony sr-cx handbook©

7/23/2019 Sony SR-CX Handbook©

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/sony-sr-cx-handbook 1/228

Togy TS;3 D];3 Mkgacoof

^ro [ukeity Ziaò jroh k Dogsuh`r Dkhdora`r©

Qm` C-dkh jor Togy’s @];, @]4, \2, kga T32>

www.fgoweàb`-aowgeoka.doh/Togy-TSD]

Tt`v` Huee`g ^m.A.

Aibitke Ziaò Dogsuetigb



Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g

Qkce` oj Dogt`gtsDMK^Q@S ;< IGQSOAPDQIOG QO QM@ MOH@ [email protected]

MOH@-CPQQOG ......................................................................;;

MOH@-QOOECO] ....................................................................;3

Hovi` T`ttigbs.................................................................;4EKGD Dogtroe oj Dkhdora`r.............................................;1

Togy Kdtiv` Tmo` Optiogs ...............................................;0

\`crk Tia`ckr ...............................................................;:

].Z.DOEOS ...................................................................;:

S@HKIGIGB T@Q............................................................;:

TPC-Q AKQ@ .................................................................;2

JKD@ A@Q@DQIOG ..........................................................;2IGA@] T@Q ...................................................................;=

^moto T`ttigbs .................................................................;=

IHKB@ TI\@..................................................................;=

JEKTM HOA@ ................................................................;=

JEKTM E@Z@E ................................................................;9

S@A@Y@ S@APD .............................................................;9

Kaaitiogke T`ttigbs ...........................................................;9H@AIK QKC ..........................................................................33

Otm`rs Qkc......................................................................33

ZI@R IHKB@T QKC..................................................................34

ZITPKE IGA@]‑^MOQOT...................................................34

ZITPKE IGA@]‑MA HOZI@T ..............................................31

DKH@SK QKC ........................................................................30

HOZI@............................................................................30^MOQO ...........................................................................30

THQM TER S@D................................................................30




DMK^Q@S 3< IGQSOAPDQIOG QO QM@ O^QIOG H@GP .......... 32

CEQ-IG \OOH HID............................................................32

HIDS@J E@Z@E.................................................................3=

AIBIQKE J] .........................................................................39

[PIDF

DKH@SK

T@QQIGBT

.........................................................4;JODPT JPGDQIOGT‑DKH@SK; ..................................................43

JODPT ...........................................................................43

TÔQ JODPT...................................................................43

Q@E@ HKDSO...................................................................44

@]ÔTPS@ JPGDQIOGT‑[email protected]

@]ÔTPS@......................................................................41

Pga`rstkgaigb tm` @xposur` Tyst`h ................................40TÔQ H@Q@S ...................................................................42

K@ TMIJQ........................................................................4=

TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG (Tmootigb robrkhs) .............................49

DOEOS JPGDQIOGT‑[email protected];

RMIQ@ CKEKGD@..............................................................1;

KQR............................................................................13

RC TMIJQ.......................................................................14DOEOS TEOR TMQS..........................................................11

GIBMQTMOQ....................................................................11

TP^@S GIBMQTMOQ..........................................................10

DMK^Q@S 4< T@QQIGB RMIQ@ CKEKGD@.............................. 12

S@A-^PTM ...........................................................................1=

RMIQ@ CKEKGD@ O^QIOGT ........................................................1=

OPQAOOS‑0,=>>˜F...........................................................19

IGAOOS‑4,3>>˜F .............................................................19

KRC.................................................................................0>

T`t KRC.........................................................................0>

KRC Outaoors ..............................................................0;




KRC Igaoors.................................................................04

Qugbst`g Ieeuhigktiog ..................................................04

Mkeob`g Ieeuhigktiog....................................................0:

Jeuor`sd`gt Ieeuhigktiog ...............................................:>

HKGPKE RC ......................................................................:1Doeor Dorr`dt HRC ...........................................................:0

DMK^Q@S 1< MIBM-DOGQSKTQ TMOOQIGB .......................... :2

T@Q HKGPKE RC...................................................................:9

@GKCE@ KJ ..........................................................................2>

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< DOGQSOEEIGB @]ÔTPS@ ...................................2;

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< @TQKCEITM JODPT ...........................................24

QKFIGB

DOGQSOE

< HIGIHI\@

HOQIOG

TQSOCIGB

..............................20QKFIGB DOGQSOE< O^@G-TMKA@ TMOOQIGB ....................................2=

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< EIHIQ ZIA@O BKIG...........................................29

DMK^Q@S 0< EOR-DOGQSKTQ TMOOQIGB............................ =;

Ov`rdkst Dogaitiogs..........................................................=;

Ttuaio Tituktiogs..............................................................=;

Jeuor`sd`gt Ieeuhigktà Tituktiogs ......................................=;

DKH@SK

DOGQSOE

AIKE

< @]ÔTPS@

.............................................=;T@Q HKGPKE RC...................................................................=3

@GKCE@ KJ ..........................................................................=4

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< EODF @]ÔTPS@ KT G@@A@A ...............................=1

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< @TQKCEITM JODPT ...........................................=0

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< HIGIHI\@ HOQIOG TQSOCIGB..............................=2

QKFIGB DOGQSOE< EIHIQ ZIA@O BKIG...........................................9>

DMK^Q@S :< T^@DIKE TIQPKQIOGT..................................... 9;Higihiz` AOJ ..................................................................9;

ôrtrkit Hoa` ................................................................93

Ckdfeibmt ........................................................................94

Tpoteibmt.........................................................................91




Ekgasdkp` ......................................................................90

Dkgae` ...........................................................................9:

Jir`worfs .......................................................................92

ôrtrkit Hoa` ..................................................................92

Qwieibmt ..........................................................................9=Qwieibmt ôrt ...................................................................9=

Tugris`/Tugs`t................................................................9=

C`kdm ............................................................................99

Tgow.............................................................................99

Psigb Doeor Teow Tmutt`r ................................................;>>

DMK^Q@S 2< @AIQIGB KZDMA........................................... ;>;

KT^@DQT OJ

KZDMA ............................................................ ;>;KZDMA ^rojie`s .............................................................. ;>;

KZDMA Jrkh`-siz`? ....................................................... ;>;

KZDMA KD4 0.; Kuaio? ................................................... ;>;

KZDMA Gktiv`, or Got? ................................................... ;>;

Rmkt Igt`rhàikt` Doa`d is usà?.................................... ;>;

Is kg GE@ êub-ig S`quirà?............................................. ;>3

@xt`rgke Ptieity S`quirà?................................................;>3S@[PIS@A DOH^PQ@S ÔR@S................................................... ;>4

GKQIZ@ @AIQIGB.................................................................. ;>4

KZDMA Deip Zi`wigb ....................................................... ;>4

Tourd` Rigaow êkyckdf................................................. ;>4

Qihèig` êkyckdf ..........................................................;>4

S`ketih` Deip Jiet`rs ....................................................... ;>1

S`ketih` Qrkgsitiogs....................................................... ;>1

Huetipe` Ttr`khs............................................................ ;>1

S`ga`rigb Doa`d............................................................ ;>1

@xport KZDMA ............................................................... ;>1

IGQ@SH@AIKQ@-DOA@D @AIQIGB ................................................;>0




Qrkgsdoa` KZDMA ..........................................................;>0

Dkgopus.....................................................................;>0

Dig`Jorh ...................................................................;>0

ZoetkidMA jor ^D..........................................................;>0

ZoetkidMA jor Hkd ........................................................;>0Dogv`rt 0>i/:>i to 31p, 30p, kga 4>p................................;>:

Aìgt`rekd` ;>=> 0>i/:>i to ;>=> 30p/4>p.......................;>:

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:>i to;>=>p31 .........................................;>:

Dogv`rt ;>=> 0>i/:>i to 23>p30/23>p4>.........................;>:

Dogv`rt ;>=> 0>i/:>i to 23>p0>/23>p:>.........................;>:

Dogv`rt ;>=> :>i to 23>p31..........................................;>:

Psigb kg Igt`rhàikt` Doa`d ...........................................;>:Aìgt`rekdigb @xpekigà ................................................;>2

DOGG@DQ QM@ TOGY DKHDOSA@S ..............................................;>=

OT ] TOJQRKS@ .................................................................;>9

Kppe iHovi >: .............................................................;>9

Kppe JD@ .....................................................................;>9

Kppe JD^ 0.;.1 .............................................................;>9

Kppe` Jigke Dut ^ro :.>.;.................................................;;>Kppe iHovi >= .............................................................;;4

Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` DT4.......................................................;;=

Kvia Hàik Dohpos`r .....................................................;3;

RIGAORT TOJQRKS@............................................................;3:

Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` DT4.......................................................;3:

Dkgopus @AIPT 1.:; ......................................................;3=

Dyc`rEigf ow`rAir`dtor 2 Petrk .......................................;44

îggkde` Ttuaio ;; kga ;3 ...............................................;4:

Togy Z`bks =.>c............................................................;49

DKHDOSA@S MAHI OPQ^PQ ....................................................;13

Dkptur` vik MAHI...........................................................;13




DMK^Q@S =< ;>=>I QO 31^, 30^, KGA 4>^........................ ;14

^S@-@AIQ DOGZ@STIOG OJ ;>=>I QO ^SOBS@TTIZ@......................... ;11

Dogv`rt ;>=>i0> to ;>=>p30 or ;>=>i:> to ;>=>p4>........... ;10

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to ;>=>p31 ........................................... ;19

Dogv`rt ;>=>i0> to 23>p30 or 23>p0> .............................. ;04Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to 23>p4> or 23>p:> .............................. ;02

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to 23>p31............................................. ;:;

ÔTQ-@AIQ< DS@KQIGB K JIEH EOOF RIQM ;>=>I ........................... ;:0

ÔTQ-@AIQ< IGQ@SEKD@ QO ^SOBS@TTIZ@..................................... ;:=

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to ;>=>p31 ........................................... ;:=

Aìgt`rekd` ;>=>i0> to ;>=>p30....................................... ;2;

DOGZ@SQ QO

23>^ JOS QM@

R@C

.............................................. ;24MA HOZI@ DOA@DT.............................................................. ;20

Dr`kt MA Rigaows Hàik witm H^@B Ttr`khdeip ............. ;2:

K^^@GAI] K< TOGY DE@KSZIA @]HOS DHOT ................... ;29

DDA Q@DMGOEOBY ............................................................... ;29

DHOT Q@DMGOEOBY............................................................. ;=;

TOGY’ T DE@KSZIA JIEQ@S ....................................................... ;91

DKH@SK

^KSKH@Q@ST

............................................................ ;92DHOT Sow Dougt........................................................... ;92

DHOT Doeuhg Dougt ...................................................... ;92

T`gsor Tiz`................................................................... 3>;

Aijjrkdtiog Igt`rj`r`gd` ................................................3>;

A`ptm-oj-Jièa ............................................................ 3>3

Eibmt T`gsitivity ..........................................................3>3

Ihkb` A`brkaktiog kt Hkxihuh Kp`rtur`.......................... 3>4

Ekt`rke Dmrohktid Kc`rrktiog ........................................... 3>4

K^^@GAI] C< KGKEOB KPAIO DOGG@DQIOGT .................. 3>0

PGCKEKGD@A DOGG@DQIOGT .................................................... 3>0

CKEKGD@A DOGG@DQIOGT ....................................................... 3>0




K^^@GAI] D< K CIQ KCOPQ KZD ....................................... 3>2

M.3:1 I TEID@ @GDOAIGB ......................................................3>2

M.3:1 ^ KGA C TEID@ @GDOAIGB .............................................3;>

K^^@GAI] A< DMOOTIGB K JEKQ-^KG@E AITÊKY ............ 3;4

JEKQ

-^KG@E

O^@SKQIOG

.........................................................3;4ZIA@O-HOA@ A@IGQ@SEKDIGB Q@DMGOEOBI@T ................................3;0

:>I Z@ST@T :>^ DOGG@DQIOG ..................................................3;=

LPAA@S ............................................................................33;

Eow Jrkh`-rkt` Hotiog Luaa`r .........................................33;

ûeeaowg Luaa`r.............................................................33;

Tpeit Jrkh`s..................................................................334

@y` Qrkdfigb Ttrocigb.....................................................33431^ DOGG@DQIOG.................................................................331

KPQMOS .......................................................................... 332

Dogaitiogs oj Ps`KEE HKQ@SIKE DOHÔTIGB QMIT QPQOSIKE HKY GOQ C@ DOÎ@A OS S@^SOAPD@A,@IQM@S IG RMOE@ OS IG ^KSQ, CY KGY HKDMIG@ OS MPHKG S@KAKCE@Q@DMGI[P@‑@]D@^Q KT G@D@TTKSY QO AORGEOKA QM@ JIE@ KGA/OS QO ^SIGQ QM@

[email protected] OÎGIOGT @]^S@TT@A KS@ QM@ KPQMOS'T ORG. GO HKEIDIOPT IGQ@GQ @]ITQTIG QMIT AODPH@GQ OS IT IGQ@GA@A CY QM@ KPQMOS.

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KGY ^SOAPDQ OS DOH^KGY GKH@T PT@A IG QMIT HKQ@SIKE HKY C@/KS@QSKA@HKSFT OS DO^YSIBMQ@A GKH@T OJ QM@ S@T^@DQIZ@ DOH^KGY QMKQ ORGTQM@H.

DO^YSIBMQ 3>>= CY TQ@Z@ HPEE@G

S`visà Luey 33, 3>>=



Dmkpt`r ;< Igtroaudtiog to tm` Moh` H`gu

Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 9

Dmkpt`r ;< Igtroaudtiog to tm` Moh`H`gu

Togy’s TS kga D] dkhdora`rs us` k auke h`gu syst`h. Qm` ia`k c`miga

two h`gus is tmkt og` h`gu dogtroes tmos` optiogs wmidm you wiee g`àwmie` smootigb. C`dkus` oj its ihportkgd`, I wiee dkee it tm` ^rihkry h`gu.Its loc is to r`pekd` switdm`s kga aikes or kubh`gt tm` dkhdora`r'sswitdm`s kga aikes. Jor `xkhpe`, it smouea keeow you to rkpiaey s`t tm`smutt`r-sp`à.

C`dkus` you hky g`à to b`t to it ig k murry, tm`r` smouea c` kg `ksieytoudmà cuttog tmkt crigbs-up tm` ^rihkry h`gu. Kga, c`dkus` you hkyc` usigb tm` dkhdora`r’s vi`wjiga`r, tm` ^rihkry h`gu smouea kpp`kr igtm` vi`wjiga`r.

K dkhdora`r’s T`dogakry h`gu supports mous`f``pigb jugdtiogs sudm kss`ttigb tm` akt`. C`dkus` it is host eifèy boigb to c` usà igaoors, itg`à got kpp`kr og tm` vi`wjiga`r‑tm` EDA kga/or your QZ hogitor iska`qukt`.

Pgjortugktèy, Togy dmos` to igv`rt h`gu eobid. Qm` Moh` h`gu, wmidmmkgae`s tm` mous`f``pigb dmor`s, is tr`ktà ks tmoubm it w`r` tm`^rihkry h`gu. Qm`r` kr` two wkys oj igvofigb tm` Moh` h`gu< kpmysidke cuttog kga k toudmsdr``g cuttog eodktà ig tm` upp`r-e`jt oj tm`sdr``g.

Qm` Optiog h`gu, wmidm mkgae`s tm` ihkb` kalusth`gt tksfs, is tr`ktàks tmoubm it w`r` tm` T`dogakry h`gu. Qm`r` is ogey og`-wky oj igvofigbtm` Optiog h`gu< k toudmsdr``g cuttog eodktà ig tm` eow`r-ribmt oj tm`sdr``g.

Qm`r` kr` two proce`hs witm tmis krrkgb`h`gt. Jirst, ij you st`kay tm`

dkhdora`r cy moeaigb tm` e`jt àb` oj tm` EDA‑tm` Optiog cuttog is toojkr kwky to c` toudmà. T`doga, ij you switdm ojj (#4) tm` EDAIgjorhktiog Aispeky, tm` toudmsdr``g Optiog cuttog aiskpp`krs.





Igjorhktiog Aispeky Tia`ckr

Rm`g tm` igjorhktiog aispeky is `gkceà, you dkg s`` hkgy figas oj aktk.

Toh` pòpe` eif` to smoot witm k higihuh oj igjorhktiog og tm` sdr``g. Togyprovia`s k pmysidke cuttog igsia` tm` EDA wèe tmkt `gkce`s you to turg og kgaojj aispekyà igjorhktiog.

Ij you `xp`dt you wiee g`à tm` Optiogs h`gu, I r`dohh`ga you gotswitdm ojj tm` igjorhktiog aispeky.

Pga`r cribmt ieeuhigktiog, you hky got c` kce` to s`` tm` EDA. Ritmdkhdora`rs tmkt ao got us` k toudmsdr``g, you dkg us` tm` vi`wjiga`r tos`` tm` h`gu syst`h.

C`dkus` tm` h`gu syst`h dkggot c` s``g ig tm` Togy’s vi`wjiga`r,pr`s`t ks hudm igjorhktiog ks you dkg c`jor` st`ppigb igto k cribmtsituktiog.





Moh`-cuttog

Rm`g you pr`ss ìtm`r Moh` h`gu cuttog, you wiee s`` og` oj jiv` Qkc-

h`gus aispekyà kcov` k row oj jiv` tkcs.

You dkg sè`dt og` oj tm` jiv` h`gus cy tkppigb its tkc. Qm` jiv` h`gusigdeua`< Dkh`rk, Zi`w Ihkb`s, Hàik, Otm`rs, kga Qooecox.

Qo `xit jroh k h`gu, tkp !.





Moh`-Qooecox

You dkg r`kdm tm` Moh`-Qooecox vik tm` Qooecox tkc.

Qm` Qooecox‑igaidkt`a cy tm` wora T@QQIGBT‑mks, 2 Hklor-h`gucuttogs. (You dkg s`` up to 1 kt k tih`.) Qkp tm` sdroeeigb cuttogs to s``kee h`gus.

You s`e`dt og` oj tm` 2 Hklor-h`gus jor tm` Qooecox cy tkppigb og` oj tm` h`gu cuttogs. H`gus igdeua`<

Hovi` T`ttigbs

^moto T`ttigbs

Zi`w Ihkb`s T`tVigbsX

Touga/AispVekyX T`tVigbsX

Output T`ttigbs

Deodf/EkgbVukb` T`ttigbsX

B`g`rke T`t





Hovi` T`ttigbsQm` ihportkgt via`o smootigb dogtroes igdeua`< S@D HOA@, KPAIO HOA@,GIBMQTMOQ EIBMQ, AIBIQKE \OOH, TQ@KAYTMOQ, KPQO TER TMPQQS,BPIA@JSKH@, \@SCK, kga DOGZ@STIOG E@GT. I r`dohh`ga<

S@D HOA@ 8 JM (;93>x;>=> kt ;:Hcps)

KPAIO HOA@ 8 3-dmkgg`e KD-4

GIBMQTMOQ EIBMQ 8 Og

AIBIQKE \OOH 8 Ojj

TQ@KAYTMOQ 8 Ojj wm`g og k tripoa, otm`rwis` Og





EKGD Dogtroe oj Dkhdora`r

Togy mks pekdà EKGD dogtroe sibgkes og tm` K/Z dogg`dtiog. Qmis ;>-pig

port is ojt`g dkeeà tm` KZ-S port. Rmie` you dkg dogg`dt durr`gt Togy K/Z

tripoas (ZDQ-0>KZ, ZDQ-:>KZ, ZDQ-=>KZ) kga Togy!s S`hot` Dogtroe(Togy SH KZ3) to tmis port, `krei`r EKGD `quiph`gt witm k 3.0hh-peub

dkggot c` dogg`dtà to tmis port.

Qm` soeutiog is k tigy dogv`rt`r hka` ig B`rhkgy. You dkg jiga it kt<

www.aibia``p.doh/`gbeism/igjo/mthe/ekgd-kakpt`r-jor-sogy-;>pig-dogg`dtor/.





Togy Kdtiv` Tmo` Optiogs

Togy MZE-ME;

Togy MZE-MJE;





Togy @DH-MB\;

BPIA@JSKH@ 8 I r`dohh`ga Kuto to f``p tm` sdr``g ks jr`` ks possice`jroh aispekyà aktk. Mow`v`r, wm`g s`ttigb-up k tripoa

it smouea c` Og.

\@CSK 8 Ojj or ;>>IS@

DOGZ@STIOG E@GT 8 T`t DOGZ@STIOG E@GT ogey ij you kaa k Ria`- orQè`-kakptor.

\`crk Tia`ckr

Ij you s`t to ;>>IS@, you smouea kalust tm` `xposur` so ogey v`ry tigyugihportkgt kr`ks mkv` z`crk. Ij you ao got `gbkb` z`crk, you smouea kalust`xposur` so mibmeibmt kr`ks ao got bo jueey wmit`. You wkgt to s`` soh` a`tkie`v`g ig wmit` kr`ks. Qmkt is tm` proce`h witm \`crk‑it dov`rs ov`r tm`

mibmeibmt kr`ks kga pr`v`gts you jroh s`ìgb ij tm`r` kr` a`tkies ig tm`mibmeibmtà kr`ks. (T`` Dmkpt`r 3 jor hor` igjorhktiog.)

].Z.DOEOS

Kddoraigb to Togy, `gkceigb ].Z.DOEOS r`doras k wia` rkgb` oj doeorswm`g you dogg`dt tm` dkhdora`r vik MAHI to kg MAQZ tmkt supports].Z.DOEOS. Keso, kddoraigb to Togy, ij you `gkce` ].Z.DOEOS kgapekyckdf to kg MAQZ tmkt ao`s got support ].Z.DOEOS, doeors hkyc`

aistortà. Qm` skj`st dmoid` is to got `gkce` ].Z.DOEOS.

S@HKIGIGB T@Q

I r`dohh`ga Kuto to f``p tm` sdr``g ks jr`` ks possice` jroh aispekyàaktk.





TPC-Q AKQ@

I r`dohh`ga s`ttigb Ojj

JKD@ A@Q@DQIOG

I r`dohh`ga s`ttigb cotm Ojj. Rmy? Qm` Jkd` A`t`dtiog syst`h jigas ―jkd`s‘ kga kalusts jodus kga `xposur` jor tm`s` jkd`s.

Rmie` tmis sougas woga`rjue, it mks tmr`` proce`hs. Jirst, it a`t`dts jkd`shost rèikcey wm`g tm`y jkd` tm` dkh`rk. Qm` a`t`dtiog syst`h is eoofigbjor two `y`s, soh`tmigb shkee kga v`rtidke uga`r tm` two `y`s, kga

soh`tmigb wia` uga`r tm` gos`.

" "#

Rm`g sohòg` turgs kwky jroh tm` dkh`rk, tm` a`t`dtiog a`dia`s tm`p`rsog is bog`.

T`doga, ij you mkv` s`v`rke jkd`s a`t`dtà kga tm`y kr` kt vkryigbaistkgd`s jroh tm` dkh`rk‑tm` KJ syst`h mks go ia`k oj wmidm jkd` youwkgt ig jodus.





Qmira, tm` syst`h kssuh`s jkd`s kr` tm` host ihportkgt ocl`dts ig ksd`g` kga kalusts `xposur` cksà og tm` jkd`s.

IGA@] T@Q

I r`dohh`ga s`ttigb Ojj.

Qm` joeeowigb dogtroes wiee c` dov`rà ig sucs`qu`gt dmkpt`rs tmkt dov`rsmootigb< K@ TMIJQ, RC TMIJQ, KPQO TER TMPQQS, kga AIKE T@QQIGB.

^moto T`ttigbs

Got` tmkt igdeuaà ig tm` Hovi` s`ttigbs kr` hkgy ^moto s`ttigbs. Qmkt isc`dkus` tm` Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs keeow you to tkf` pmotos wmie`r`doraigb viaò. I r`dohh`ga you hkf` you pmoto s`ttigbs uga`r tm`^moto h`gu.

IHKB@ TI\@

! Tè`dt :.; H`bkpixès (3=1=x3;4:) jor 1<4 pmotos.

! Tè`dt 2.: H`bkpixès jor ;:<9 (4:=>x3>2>) pmotos.

JEKTM HOA@

T`t to KPQO.





JEKTM E@Z@E

T`t to GOSHKE.

S@A@Y@ S@APD

T`t to OJJ.

Kaaitiogke T`ttigbs

Qkp AKQK DOA@ kga tm`g sè`dt DKH@SK AKQK.

Qkp AITÊKY kga tm`g sè`dt : IHKB@T.





Igjorhktiog kcout kg It`h, kt ^kb` ig Togy ^AJ

Rm`g, jor `xkhpe`, you tkp tm` Touga/AispVekyX T`tVigbsX cuttog, youwiee s`` : Higor-h`gu cuttogs, ks smowg c`eow.





Qo kalust tm` dkhdora`r’s sp`kf`r kga m`kapmog` voeuh`, tkp tm`ZOEPH@ Higor-h`gu. Gow you wiee s`` k seia`r.

Qoo kalust tm` voeuh`, tkp tm`s` two cuttogs.

Rm`g you mkv` hka` kg kalusth`gt, tkp tm` S`turg cuttog.

;. Ij you wkgt to hkf` go hor` kalusth`gts, sihpey tkp `itm`r Moh`cuttog.

3. Qo hkf` jurtm`r kalusth`gts uga`r tm` skh` Higor-h`gu, tkp tm`

cuttog.4. Qo hkf` jurtm`r kalusth`gts uga`r tm` skh` Hklor-h`gu, tkp tm`

S`turg cuttog.

1. Qo hkf` jurtm`r kalusth`gts og k aijj`r`gt Qkc-h`gu. Tihpey tkp tm`kpproprikt` tkc.





Hàik Qkc

Qm` Hàik-tkc‑igaidktà cy tm` wora HKGKB@ H@AIK‑mks 0 Hklor-h`gu cuttogs. (You dkg s`` up to 1 kt k tih`.)

HOZI@ H@AIK T@Q‑pkb` 33

^MOQO H@AIK T@Q‑pkb` 34

H@AIK IGJO‑pkb` :3

H@AIK JOSHKQ‑pkb` :4

S@^KIS IHB. AC J.‑pkb` :0

Otm`rs Qkc

Qm` Otm`rs-tkc‑igaidktà cy tm` wora OQM@ST‑mks, 9 Hklor-h`gucuttogs. (You dkg s`` up to 1 kt k tih`.)

A@E@Q@‑pkb` 19

^MOQO DK^QPS@‑pkb` 0;

HOZI@ APC‑pkb` 03

^MOQO DO^Y‑pkb` 04

@AIQ‑pkb` 01

ÊKYEITQ @AIQ‑pkb` 00

^SIGQ‑pkb` :>

PTC DOGG@DQ‑pkb` 09

Qmis h`gu is ogey usà to dogg`dt tm` dkhdora`r to k Togy AZA ariv`.D`rtkig Togy ariv`s dkg r`dora KZDMA to rà-eks`r aisds.

QZ DOGG@DQ‑pkb` 1>





Zi`w Ihkb`s Qkc

Qm` Zi`w Ihkb`s-tkc‑igaidkt`a cy tm` woras ZI@R IHKB@T‑mks 1

Hklor-h`gu cuttogs.

ZITPKE IGA@]‑^MOQOT





ZITPKE IGA@]‑MA HOZI@T

Qkp tm` ^EKY idog og k hovi` deip to stkrt peky.





Dkh`rk Qkc

Qm` Dkh`rk tkc‑igaidktà cy tm` wora DKH@SK‑mks 4 Hklor-h`gucuttogs.

HOZI@

Twitdm to smootigb viaò. You dkg tkf` pmotos wmie` smootigb viaò.

^MOQO

Twitdm to smootigb ^motos. You dkggot smoot viaò.

THQM TER S@DS`dora 4-s`dogas oj seow-hotiog. Qmis optiog op`rkt`s ig two wkysa`p`gaigb og tm` QIHIGB s`ttigb ig tm` Optiog-Qooecox.

Qm` QIHIGB h`gu ogey kpp`krs ig tm` Qooecox kjt`r you mkv` `gkceàseow-hotiog. Qm` QIHIGB h`gu mks two optiogs< KJQ@S or C@JOS@. Kjt`rs`ttigb, seow-hotiog worfs ks smowg cèow.





Ogd` you mkv` `gbkbà THQM TER S@D, pr`ss S@DOSA to stkrt tm`r`doraigb. Qm` S@DOSA cuttog wiee tribb`r seow-hotiog r`doraigb ugtieTHQM TER S@D is ais`gbkbà.

Aurigb pekyckdf, tm` seo-ho viaò wiee pekyckdf ov`r ;3-s`dogas.

Ttiee Jrkh` jroh Teo-ho Ziaò



Dmkpt`r 3< Igtroaudtiog to tm` Optiog H`gu


Dmkpt`r 3< Igtroaudtiog to tmÒptiog H`gu

Rm`g you tkp tm` Optiog cuttog, tm` joeeowigb h`gu kpp`krs.

Qm` jijtm tkc e`kas to tm` Optiog-Qooecox.

Optiog-Qooecox

Qm`r` kr` two it`hs og tm` Optiog-Qooecox tmkt kr` got og tm` Moh`-

Qooecox.CEQ-IG \OOH HID

Qm` Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs igdorporkt` k dohpe`x s`t oj è`h`gts tmktsupport two typ`s oj kuaio. Ij you s`t KPAIO HOA@ to 0.;dm TPSSOPGA,:-dmkggès kr` b`g`rktà< E`jt-jrogt, Jrogt-d`gt`r, Sibmt-jrogt, Sibmt-r`kr, E`jt-r`kr6 peus jr`qu`gdi`s cèow 3>>Mz igto tm` EJ@ dmkggè.

Rm`g you `gbkb` CEQ-IG \OOH HID, tm` è`h`gts kr` usà to b`g`rkt`vkryigb sougastkb` siz`s. Qm` sougastkb` dirduit is dogtroeeà cy tm`zooh e`v`r kga cuttogs. Rm`g zoohà wia`, tm` dirduit dr`kt`s k wia`souga stkb`.

Ks you zooh-ig, tm` kuaio dirduit kaas out-oj-pmks` kuaio jroh tm` E`jt-r`kr kga Sibmt-r`kr hid è`h`gts. Qmis dkgdès sougas jroh tm` sia` kgar`kr oj tm` dkhdora`r. Qmis hkf`s tm` hid igto hor` oj k ugi-air`dtiogkehid.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3=

Ig tmis wky, tm` dkh`rk pidfs-up e`ss souga jroh tm` r`kr, wmidm is ia`kejor r`doraigb void`s? Mow`v`r, tmis hid ao`s got r`pekd` k tru` ugi-air`dtiogke hid jor two r`ksogs.

Jirst, it dkggot worf ks k smotbug hid ao`s wm`g you kr` smootigb wia`.T`doga, tm` souga jroh tm` Togy hid stiee mks e`jt/ribmt air`dtiogkeity,wmidm h`kgs ks sp`kf`rs wkef ckdf kga jortm tm`y ao got stky d`gt`ràks tm`y wouea jroh k hogkurke smotbug hid.

$ Ij you `gkce` CEQ-IG \OOH HID you dkggot ket`r tm`HIDS@J E@Z@E s`ttigb. It wiee c` s`t kt Gorhke.

HIDS@J E@Z@E

Qm` Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs ao got ojj`r hkguke dogtroe oj kuaio e`vè.

Igst`ka tm`y `hpeoy`` kg kuaio eihit`r tmkt pr`v`gts tm` kuaio sibgkejroh `xd`àigb >aC. Qo c`tt`r support r`doraigb void`s, tm` kuaio sibgkeis keso ―dohpr`ssà.‘ Qmkt h`kgs hia-e`vè sibgkes kr` coostà, tm`r`cyigdr`ksigb tmìr kuaicieity.

Mow`v`r, wm`g r`doraigb husid or sougas witm k wia`-aygkhid rkgb`,dohpr`ssiog wiee igdr`ks` hia-e`vè sougas wky too hudm. Qmus, wm`gyou r`dora tm`s` typ`s oj kuaio, switdm HIDS@J E@Z@E jroh Gorhke toEow.





Aibitke J]

Qm` jourtm tkc, e`kas to tmr`` optiogs tmkt you wiee eifèy got us`< JKA@S,A.@JJ@DQ, kga ÎDQ.@JJ@DQ.

You hky, mow`v`r, wkgt to us` tm` C&R `jj`dt uga`r ÎDQ.@JJ@DQ.

Optiog-H`gu Dkutiogs

K toudmsdr``g h`gu syst`h mks kavkgtkb`s kga aiskavkgtkb`s.Kavkgtkb`s igdeua`< hkgy hor` dogtroes tmkt wouea c` possice` ij tm`dkh`rk w`r` eihità to ogey pmysidke dogtroes6 kga hor` sopmistidktà

dogtroes‑sudm ks Tpot Jodus‑tmkg kr` possice` witm trkaitiogke h`gusyst`hs.

Pgjortugktèy, tm`r` kr` s`v`rke s`rious proce`hs witm toudmsdr``g h`gusyst`hs. Qm` host ocvious is tmkt tm` sdr``g soog c`doh`s dov`rà witmjigb`rprigts tmkt kr` v`ry visice` ig cribmt eibmt.

Ig jkdt, ig cribmt eibmt tm`y kr` hor` visice` tmkg tm` h`gu it`hs. Gohktt`r mow hkgy sopmistidktà h`gu jugdtiogs kr` ojj`rà cy k dkh`rk,ij you dkggot rèikce` s`` h`gus ig sugeibmt, og` dkggot us` tm`h.

Horòv`r, wm`g h`gus kr` dogstrudtà tmkt pekd` cuttogs og tm` ribmt-sia` oj tm` EDA, wm`g og` toudm`s tm`s` cuttogs og`’s mkga ceodfs tm`sdr``g so og` eos`s sibmt oj tm` ihkb` cìgb kalustà. Qm` opposit`situktiog oddurs witm tm` sdroeeigb cuttogs og tm` e`jt-sia` oj tm` EDA. Jkrtoo ojt`g wm`g pr`ssigb tm`h, og` toudm`s og` oj tm` e`jt-sia` h`gucuttogs.

Qmis dr`kt`s k aie`hhk. Ketmoubm tm` Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs mkv` v`rybooa kutohktid dogtroe syst`hs, ks w` smkee s`` ig sucs`qu`gt dmkpt`rs,ij you ogey us` kutohktid dogtroe you wiee `gdougt`r ―issu`s‘ ig hkgysmootigb situktiogs.

Otm`r tih`s tm` issu` is og` oj kdd`ptigb e`ss tmkg optihke qukeity.A`p`gaigb og your g`às, you hky or hky got dogsia`r tmis k ―proce`h.‘ Jor `xkhpe`, hkgy vi`w`rs wiee got gotid` ij smots tkf`g ig op`g smka`kr` too ceu`. To you hky a`dia` it is got wortm tm` trouce` to p`rjorh khkguke wmit` ckekgd`.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 4>

Otm`r smoot`rs hky j`è it is wortm tm` `jjort to p`rjorh k hkguke wmit`ckekgd`. Ig jkdt, tm` v`ry jkdt tm` TS/D] dkhdora`rs r`dora sudm mibmqukeity viaò ig kutohktid hoa`, dr`kt`s tm` a`hkga jor ugijorhey mibmqukeity.

Qm` f`y to soevigb tm` op`rktiogke aie`hhk is jour-joea<

Pga`rstkga tm` Tmootigb TituktiogDmkpt`rs 4, 1, kga 0 wiee dov`r situktiogs tmkt a`hkga aijj`r`gt dogtroestrkt`bi`s. Qm` strkt`by jor `kdm situktiog aidtkt`s wmkt jugdtiog smoueac` kssibgà to tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike. It keso aidtkt`s wmkt sp`dikedirduhstkgd`s a`hkga tm` us` oj h`gus.

T`t tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike Cksà upog tm` Tituktiog

Ogey og` oj jour dkh`rk dogtroe jugdtiogs dkg c` kssibgà to tm` Aike<Jodus, @xposur`, K@ Dohp`gsktiog, kga Rmit` Ckekgd` Qrih. You g`à to

fgow wmidm jugdtiog g`às to c` kssibgà‑wm`g.

Fgow Rmidm H`gus to Ps` Cksà upog tm` Tituktiog

Ig sp`dike dirduhstkgd`s, k suc-s`t oj tm` kvkiekce` h`gus wiee g`à to cùsà. C`dkus` oj tm` ig`jjidi`gdy oj tm` Togy toudmsdr``g h`gu syst`h,you g`à to fgow mow to quidfey us` tm`s` h`gus.

Fgow Rmidm H`gus Got to Ps`

Qm`r` kr` d`rtkig h`gus tmkt sihpey kr` got us`jue. C`dkus` oj tmìg`jjidi`gdy oj tm` Togy toudmsdr``g h`gu syst`h, it wiee skv` you tih`kga `jjort to sihpey kvoia tm`s` h`gus.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 4;

[uidf Dkh`rk T`ttigbs

@kdm oj tm` jirst tmr`` tkcs e`ka to jugdtiogs you wiee us` aurigb smootigb.

Ig sucs`qu`gt dmkpt`rs, `kdm oj tm` Dkh`rk tkcs wiee c` us`a. Qmkgfjueey,ig b`g`rke you wiee ogey g``a og` oj tm`s` Dkh`rk h`gus kt k tih`.





Jodus Jugdtiogs‑DKH@SK;

JODPTRm`g you dmoos` tm` JODPT h`gu you kr` pr`s`gtà witm two optiogs<KPQO or HKGPKE. Ij you sè`dt HKGPKE, you wiee c` pr`s`gtà witm kDeos`r (-) cuttog kga k Jktm`r (+) cuttog. Ks you tkp ìtm`r cuttog, youwiee s`` k hoh`gtkry aispeky oj tm` aistkgd`, ig h`t`rs, to tm` sucl`dtjroh jrogt oj tm` e`gs.

! Kt juee Ria`, tm` rkgb` is >.;h to 2.0h to !.

! Kt hia-zooh, tm` rkgb` is >.;h to 3>>h to !.

! Kt juee Qè`, tm` rkgb` is >.=h to 0>>h to !.

Kjt`r s`ttigb jodus, you dkg tkp OF.

Qo r`turg to KJ, sihpey tkp KPQO.

$ Qmis h`tmoa oj kalustigb jodus is aijjiduet to us`. Psigb TÔQJODPT is jkr `ksi`r.

TÔQ JODPTRm`g you dmoos` tm` TÔQ JODPT h`gu, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm kwigaow, ks smowg og tm` g`xt pkb`.

Kee you g`à to ao is toudm tm` ocl`dt witmig tm` wigaow tmkt you wkgttm` dkh`rk to jodus og. Ij you dmkgb` your higa, sihpey toudm tm` sdr``gwm`r` you s`` tm` aijj`r`gt ocl`dt.

Ogd` s`t, tm` dkhdora`r wiee moea jodus ugtie you tkp kgotm`r spot or tkptm` KPQO cuttog.

You dkg e`kv` tm` TÔQ JODPT Rigaow kdtivktà so it provia`s ks`doga hkguke dogtroe optiog.

You dkg p`rjorh k sihuektà ―rkdf‘ jodus cy tkppigb tm` jirst sucl`dt kgatm`g, kt tm` ribmt hoh`gt, tkp kga moea og tm` s`doga sucl`dt.





You dkg tkp @GA to r`hov` tm` wigaow kga dogtigu` to moea jodus.

$ You dkggot us` TÔQ JODPT ij you kr` usigb kgy oj tm`TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG hoa`s.

Q@E@ HKDSO

Qm` prihkry jugdtiog oj tm` Q@E@ HKDSO hoa` is to keeow you to smootv`ry deos` to kg ocl`dt. Rm`g you `gbkb` Q@E@ HKDSO, you wiee c` kce`to jodus og kg ocl`dt ks deos` ks ;=.:-igdm`s (12dh).

Got` tmkt tmis higihuh jodusigb aistkgd` is kdmi`và witm tm` e`gszoohà-ig jueey. Qm`r`jor`, wm`g you `gbkb` Q@E@ HKDSO hoa`, tmè`gs kutohktidkeey zoohs to juee tè`pmoto. Gow tkp OF.

Ij you try to zooh Ria`, Q@E@ HKDSO hoa` wiee kutohktidkeey c`dkgdèà.

$ You dkggot us` Q@E@ HKDSO ij you kr` usigb kgy oj tm`TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG hoa`s.





@xposur` Jugdtiogs‑DKH@SK3

@]ÔTPS@Rm`g you dmoos` tm` @]ÔTPS@ h`gu, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm twooptiogs< KPQO or HKGPKE. Ij you sè`dt HKGPKE, you wiee c` pr`s`gtàwitm kg igaidktor tmkt aispekys tm` durr`gt `xposur`.

$ Qmis h`tmoa oj kalustigb `xposur` is aijjiduet to us`.

C`dkus` tm`r` kr` `xkdtey 4>-st`ps jroh Higihuh to Hkxihuh, you dkg

tkp to k pr`viousey s`t `xposur`. Qkp higus to ràud` `xposur` kga tkp peus to igdr`ks` `xposur`.

Kjt`r s`ttigb kg `xposur`, tkp OF.

Ig kaaitiog to hovigb tm` igaidktor, you dkg tkp KPQO or HKGPKE tor`turg to K@ or HKGPKE, r`sp`dtivèy.





Pga`rstkgaigb tm` @xposur` Tyst`h

Qm` Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs dogtroe `xposur` prihkriey cy kalustigb smutt`r-

sp`à‑got cy kalustigb tm` iris. Tp`dijidkeey, `xposur` is dogtroeeà cy

ket`rigb DHOT igt`brktiog p`rioa. (T`` Kpp`gaix K to e`krg hor` kcoutDHOT igt`brktiog p`rioa.) Qm` p`rioa dkg c` ket`rà shootmey kga v`rykddurktèy jroh ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga to ;/=>>tm s`doga

Oj dours`, tm` iris, kt tih`s, is keso usà. Cut, c`dkus` it is h`dmkgidke kgatmus seow`r kga igm`r`gtey e`ss kddurkt`, it c`doh`s tm` s`dogakry wky

`xposur` is dogtroeeà.

Ig Kpp`gaix K, you dkg r`ka kcout cotm ―aijjrkdtiog igt`rj`r`gd`‘ kga―eogbituaigke dmrohktid kc`rrktiog.‘ Qm` jorh`r hotivkt`s got usigb J-stops shkee`r tmkg j/0.: wmie` tm` ektt`r hotivkt`s got usigb J-stops ekrb`rtmkg j/3.=. Qmus, jor k ;/4-igdm DHOT dkh`rk tm` c`st J-stop is j/1. Ks you

wiee s`` ig tm` joeeowigb Dmkrt, tm` Togy dkhdora`r quit` de`v`rey kdmi`v`stmis boke.

Qo kddohpeism tmis, tm` TS/D] dkhdora`rs wiee switdm k Gùtrke A`gsity jiet`rigto kga out oj tm` eibmt pktm wm`g g`d`sskry. Qmis GA jiet`r duts eibmt cy og`J-stop.

Ogd` tm` iris mks op`gà jueey, tm` ogey optiog jor octkigigb prop`r `xposur`ks eibmt e`vès jkee is to kaa viaò bkig. Bkig is kaaà shootmey up to +;=aC.

Got`s og @xposur` Dmkrt

]< Sà igaidkt`s tmkt rkpiaey hovigb ocl`dts wiee ―stroc`‘ c`dkus` oj tm` v`ry mibm

smutt`r-sp`à.

Y< Sà igaidkt`s tm` ihkb` hky c` seibmtey sojt`r c`dkus` tm` iris is too ekrb` or too

shkee.

\< Sà igaidkt`s tm` e`vè oj kaaà bkig wiee dkus` k seibmt igdr`ks` ig ihkb` gois`.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 4:

Tt`pGuhc`r

] Y \Tmutt`r-sp``a

Iris Bkig GA Jiet`r

; :> ;.= — 4.; ;= aC OPQ

3 :> ;.= — 4.; ;= aC OPQ

4 :> ;.= — 4.; ;0 aC OPQ

1 :> ;.= — 4.; ;3 aC OPQ

0 :> ;.= — 4.; 9 aC OPQ

: :> ;.= — 4.; 9 aC OPQ

2 :> ;.= — 4.; : aC OPQ

= :> ;.= — 4.; 4 aC OPQ

9 :> ;.= — 4.; 4 aC OPQ

;> :> ;.= — 4.; > aC OPQ

;; :> 3.1 — 4.; > aC OPQ

;3 :> 3.= — 4.; > aC OPQ

;4 :> 1 > aC OPQ

;1 9> 1 > aC OPQ

;0 ;30 1 > aC OPQ

;: ;=> 1 > aC OPQ

;2 30> 1 > aC OPQ

;= :> 1 > aC IG

;9 9> 1 > aC IG

3> ;30 1 > aC IG

3; ;=> 1 > aC IG

33 30> 1 > aC IG

34 30> 1.= > aC IG

31 30> 0,: > aC IG

30 30> :.= > aC IG

3: 30> = > aC IG

32 30> 9.: > aC IG

3= 30> ;; > aC IG

39 30> ;: > aC IG

4> 30> DEOT@A > aC IG





TÔQ H@Q@S

Rm`g you dmoos` tm` TÔQ H@Q@S h`gu you kr` pr`s`gtà witm k sdr``gks smowg cèow. Kee you g`à to ao is toudm tm` ocl`dt witmig tm` wigaowtmkt you wkgt tm` dkh`rk to `xpos` dorr`dtey. Ij you dmkgb` your higa,sihpey toudm witmig tm` wigaow kbkig.

You dkg tkp @GA to r`hov` tm` wigaow kga dogtigu` to moea `xposur`.Ogd` s`t, tm` dkhdora`r wiee moea tmis `xposur` ugtie you tkp kgotm`r spotor tkp tm` KPQO cuttog.

K Tpot h`t`r wiee s`t ―dorr`dt‘ `xposur` cy kssuhigb tm` spot is eodktàog soh`tmigb tmkt mks kg ;=-p`rd`gt r`je`dtkgd`. (Dkudksikg sfig mks kr`je`dtkgd` oj kcout 4:-p`rd`gt‑k juee-stop eibmt`r.) Qmus, ij you spoth`t`r og ―wmit`‘ sfig, tm` dkh`rk’s `xposur` hky c` og`-stop too akrf.

Horòv`r, jor gog-wmit` sfig, kga ocl`dts witm aijj`r`gt cribmtg`ss e`vès,tm` r`je`dtkgd` e`vès hky c` mibm`r or eow`r tmkg ;=-p`rd`gt wmidm wieer`suet ig `xposur`s got cìgb dorr`dt. Jor kee tm`s` r`ksogs, I ao gotr`dohh`ga usigb Tpot @xposur`.

$ You dkggot us` TÔQ H@Q@S ij you kr` usigb kgy oj tm`TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG hoa`s.





K@ TMIJQ

You dkg us` K@ TMIJQ to ―ciks‘ tm` Kuto @xposur` (K@) syst`h to hkf``xposur`s seibmtey akrf`r or seibmtey eibmt`r. Rm`g you dmoos` tm` K@TMIJQ h`gu, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm two optiogs< OJJ or OG.

Ij you sè`dt OG, you wiee c` pr`s`gtà witm kg igaidktor. Qkp higus tociks akrf`r kga tkp peus to ciks eibmt`r.

Rm`g tm` igaidktor is jueey e`jt, tm` K@ a`t`rhigà `xposur` is eow`rà cy;/3-stop. Rm`g tm` igaidktor is jueey ribmt, tm` K@ a`t`rhigà `xposur` isigdr`ksà cy ;/3-stop.

Rm`g you mkv` s`t tm` dohp`gsktiog you wkgt, you dkg tkp OF.

You dkg keso tkp OJJ. Got` tmkt tm` ciks you s`t r`hkigs, cut is got usà.Rm`g you g`xt turg OG tm` K@ TMIJQ hoa`, it wiee r`kdtivkt` tm` pr`vious

s`ttigb.You dkg us` tmis jugdtiog two wkys. Rm`g you pekd` tm` dkh`rk igtoKuto-`xposur` hoa`, you dkg us` K@ TMIJQ to ket`r tm` eoof oj yourviaò. Jor `xkhpe`, ij you wkgt k mot-a`s`rt eoof, you dkg ciks tm``xposur` upwkra. C` dkutious, ij you igdr`ks` `xposur` too hudm, youwiee eos` kee a`tkie ks cribmt kr`ks bo jueey wmit`.

Ket`rgktèy, ij you wkgt to pr`v`gt mibmeibmts jroh boigb wmit`, you dkga`dr`ks` `xposur` seibmtey. C` dkutious, ij you a`dr`ks` `xposur` toohudm, you wiee eos` kee a`tkie ig smkaow kr`ks.

Qm` w`kfg`ss oj K@ TMIJQ hoa` is tmkt it op`rkt`s ig doglugdtiog witmtm` K@ syst`h. Ks you eifèy fgow, go hktt`r mow kddurkt` K@ is, it isprog` to hoh`gtkry jeudtuktiogs. Jor `xkhpe`, ij k p`rsog ig k wmit` smirthov`s igto tm` jrkh`, tm` K@ syst`h wiee kutohktidkeey a`dr`ks``xposur`.

Or, k akrf trudf hky pkss ig jrogt oj tm` dkh`rk. Qm` K@ syst`h wieekutohktidkeey igdr`ks` `xposur` kga tm`g a`dr`ks` `xposur`. Qm`s`jeudtuktiogs dr`kt` v`ry ugproj`ssiogke eoofigb viaò. Qmis is wmy youhky pr`j`r to hkgukeey dogtroe `xposur`.

Qmis is wmy I ao got r`dohh`ga kssibgigb K@ TMIJQ to tm` Dkh`rkDogtroe aike. Qm` c`st us` ij tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike is to kalust@xposur`.





TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG (Tmootigb ^robrkhs)

Qm` Togy dkhdora`r provia`s 9 aijj`r`gt Tmootigb Hoa`s. Qm`s` hoa`sdkg hkf` kalusth`gts to< `xposur`, smutt`r-sp``a, kga tm` jodusigbsyst`h.

C`eow kr` tm` a`sdriptiogs Togy provia`s. Ig sucs`qu`gt dmkpt`rs, w` wiee

e`krg mow to us` `kdm oj tm`s` jugdtiogs.





$ Qm` Togy dkhdora`rs ao got ojj`r k Tports hoa` tmkt pusm`ssmutt`r-sp``a up to ;/0>>tm or mibm`r.





Doeor Jugdtiogs‑DKH@SK4

RMIQ@ CKEKGD@Rm`g you dmoos` tm` RMIQ@ CKEKGD@ h`gu, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm kh`gu witm jour dmoid`s.

KPQO

OPQAOOS‑0,=>>˜F

IGAOOS‑4,3>>˜F

OG@-^PTM (HKGPKE)

Ks you dkg s`` ig tm` dmkrt cèow, tm` OPQAOOS kga IGAOOS s`ttigbswiee c` kddurkt` ogey witmig two rèktivèy gkrrow rkgb`s. Jor tmis r`ksogyou hky g`à to sè`dt ìtm`r KPQO or HKGPKE hoa`s.





Rmie` KPQO hoa` is b`g`rkeey kddurkt`, it mka dkg mkv` k mkra tih`hkfigb kg kddurkt` kalusth`gt wm`g k sd`g` is ieeuhigktà cy eibmtigbwitm aijj`r`gt doeor t`hp`rktur`s. Ig tmis dks`, us` Hkguke Rmit` Ckekgd`(HRC).

KQR

KRC wiee f``p wmit` ckekgd` r`ksogkcey dorr`dt ks you hov` jroh og`typ` oj ieeuhigktiog to kgotm`r. Cèow, I mkv` `gt`rà k cktmrooh jroh krooh eit witm igdkga`sd`gt eibmtigb. C`dkus` k wigaow ieeuhigkt`s tm`cktmrooh, its doeor t`hp`rktur` is v`ry mibm.

Ritmig ;>-s`dogas, wmit` ckekgd` mks shootmey kalustà to tm` g`w doeort`hp`rktur` ieeuhigktiog.





RC TMIJQ

Rm`g you dmoos` tm` RC TMIJQ h`gu, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm twooptiogs< OJJ or OG. Ij you dmoos` OG, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm kgigaidktor tmkt aispekys tm` durr`gt doeor tigt. Qkp peus to hov` tm` tigttowkra Sà kga tkp higus to hov` tm` tigt towkra Ceu`.

Rm`g you mkv` s`t tm` tigt you wkgt, you dkg tkp OF.

You dkg keso tkp OJJ. Got` tmkt tm` tigt you s`t r`hkigs, cut is go usà.Gow, wm`g you turg OG tm` RC TMIJQ hoa`, it wiee r`kdtivkt` tm`pr`vious s`ttigb.

Qmis kalusth`gt ket`rs sibgke str`gbtm keogb tm` Dr (S-Y) dohpog`gt kxis.Qm` pmks` kgbe` oj tmis dohpog`gt, c`tw``g br``g kga rà, is tm` doeoroj sfig.

Hkxihuh Sà Hkxihuh Ceu`

Qmis kalusth`gt is got tm` `quivke`gt to octkigigb kg kddurkt` doeorckekgd` ks it dkggot smijt dmrohk e`vès `xd`pt keogb tmis sigbe` kxis gordkg it ket`r dmrohk pmks`.

You dkg us` RC TMIJQ hoa` ig tm` joeeowigb situktiogs<

! Rm`g usigb KRC uga`r outaoor ieeuhigktiog tm` ihkb` wiee c` seibmteytoo ceu`, wmie` usigb KRC uga`r tugbst`g ieeuhigktiog, tm` ihkb` wieec` too rà. Ij you g`à to us` KRC jor rug-kga-bug situktiogs, youdkg try ciksigb RC towkra rà wm`g smootigb outaoors kga towkraceu` wm`g smootigb igaoors.





! Pga`r d`rtkig typ`s oj krtijidike ieeuhigktiog you hky jiga go hktt`rmow you doeor ckekgd`, tm` ihkb` is seibmtey too br``g. You dkg try toigdr`ks` rà to wkrh tm` ihkb` or igdr`ks` ceu` to dooe tm` ihkb`.

! You hky wkgt to dr`kt` k ―eoof.‘ Jor `xkhpe`, ij you kr` smootigb ig ksucwky, you hky wkgt to igdr`ks` ceu` to dr`kt` k strogb`r bruabèoof.

Ketmoubm you dkg kssibg RC TMIJQ to tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike, tm`r` iseitte` r`ksog to ao so. Qm` c`st us` ij tm` Aike is to kalust @xposur`.

DOEOS TEOR TMQS

Kt v`ry eow ieeuhigktiog e`vès, you dkg bkig kg `xtrk stop oj s`gsitivitycy `gbkbigb DOEOS TEOR TMQS hoa`. Kee tmis hoa` ao`s is keeow tm`higihuh smutt`r-sp`à to a`dr`ks` to ;/1tm s`doga. Ks you wouea`xp`dt, tm` prid` oj tm` `xtrk stop oj s`gsitivity is igdr`ksà hotiog ceur.Qmis hky c` k prid` you kr` wieeigb to pky jor igdr`ksà s`gsitivity.

$ You dkggot us` DOEOS TEOR TMQS ij you kr` usigb kgy oj tm` TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG hoa`s.

GIBMQTMOQ

You dkg smoot viaò ig jueey akrf dogaitiogs cy switdmigb og GIBMQTMOQog tm` sia` oj tm` dkh`rk (#;).





K rà E@A ieeuhigkt`s tm` sd`g` witm IS eibmt.

TP^@S GIBMQTMOQ

You dkg jurtm`r igdr`ks` s`gsitivity ;:] cy `gkceigb TP^@S GIBMQTMOQ.Qm` smutt`r-sp`à dkg gow arop to ;/1-s`doga, wmidm dkg dkus` l`rfyhov`h`gt. Pge`ss you r`keey g`à tm` `xtrk s`gsitivity, I r`dohh`ga gotusigb Tup`r Gibmtsmot.

$ You dkggot us` TP^@S GIBMQTMOQ ij you kr` usigb kgy oj tm` TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG hoa`s.



Dmkpt`r 4< T`ttigb Rmit` Ckekgd`



Qm` doeor t`hp`rktur` rkgb` oj krtijidike ieeuhigktiog is mub`< jroh3,0>>˜F (0>R igdkga`sd`gt)) to 3,9>>˜F (wkrh jeuor`sd`gt) to 4,>>>˜F(;>>R igdkga`sd`gt to 4,3>>˜F (Mkeob`g) to 1,3>>˜F (dooe wmit`

jeuor`sd`gt) to :,0>>˜F (akyeibmt jeuor`sd`gt).Gkturke eibmt rkgb`s jroh ;,=>>˜F (dkgae` eibmt) to :,>>>˜F (ov`rdkstsfy) to :,0>>˜F (suhh`r aky) up to ;>,>>>˜F (de`kr ceu` sfy).

Qm` boke oj s`ttigb wmit` ckekgd` (RC) is to octkig kddurkt`doeors‑`sp`dikeey kddurkt` sfig doeor. Pgjortugkt`ey, `v`g wm`g youp`rj`dtey RC your dkhdora`r, it dkg c` aijjiduet to r`dora kddurkt`Dkudksikg sfig tog`. (Keso, s`` Dmkpt`r 3.)





Sà-pusm

Dogsuh`r dkhdora`rs `hpeoy ―rà-pusm‘ je`sm tog` hktdm wmkthkgujkdtur`s pr`suh` kr` dustoh`r a`hkgas jor ―m`ketmy‘ eoofigbDkudksikg sfig. (Sà-pusm is keso g`krey ugiv`rske ig tè`visiogs jor tm`skh` r`ksog‑ketmoubm tmroubm k dkeicrktiog prodàur` it dkg c`

r`hovà.) Sà-pusm, kt c`st, biv`s Dkudksikg sfig k ruaay eoof wmie`, ktworst, it dr`kt`s k sugcurgà eoof.

$ Sà-pusm is got kppeià to wmit`, so tmigf oj it ks ig-dkh`rkjiet`r kppeià kjt`r you mkv` s`t doeor ckekgd`.

Qm`r`jor`, you wiee g`à to doeor dorr`dt viaò smot witm dogsuh`rdkh`rks‑`sp`dikeey wm`g you wiee hix tmis viaò witm viaò smot usigbproj`ssiogke dkhdora`rs sudm Togy’s @];, @]4, \2, or T32>.

Rmit` Ckekgd` Optiogs

Rm`g you dmoos` tm` RMIQ@ CKEKGD@ h`gu, you kr` pr`s`gtà witm kh`gu witm jour optiogs.

OPQAOOS‑0,=>>˜F

IGAOOS‑4,3>>˜F

KPQO (KRC)OG@-^PTM (HRC)





OPQAOOS‑0,=>>˜F

Qo us` tm` OPAOOS 0,=>>˜F s`ttigb<

" Qkp tm` O^QIOG cuttog

" Ij g`d`sskry, tkp DKHDOSA@S4 tkc

" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp OPQAOOS

" Qkp OF kga tm`g tkp S@QPSG

Qo r`turg to KRC<


" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp KPQO

" Qkp OF kga tm`g tkp S@QPSG.

IGAOOS‑4,3>>˜F

Qo us` tm` IGAOOS 4,3>>˜F s`ttigb<

" Qkp tm` Optiog cuttog


" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp IGAOOS


Qo r`turg to KRC<


" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp KPQO






KRC

C`dkus` tm` Togy dkhdora`rs mkv` ogey k sigbe` pmysidke kalusth`gtdogtroe, tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike, it wouea c` ia`ke ij KRC douea c` usàig tm` hklority oj smootigb situktiogs.

KRC dkg mkgae` k rkgb` jroh kcout 3,0>>˜F to kcout :,0>>˜F ks smowgcèow. Qm` Togy KRC is oj tm` Kuto Qrkdfigb (KQR) typ` wmidm h`kgs itsmouea c` usà wm`g`v`r you wiee c` hovigb jroh og` typ` oj eibmtigb tokgotm`r aurigb k smot. (T`` Dmkpt`r 3.)

You wiee typidkeey jiga tmkt wm`g outaoors, tm` KRC s`ttigb hktdm`s tmÒPQAOOS pr`s`t kga wm`g igaoors, tm` KRC s`ttigb hktdm`s tmÌGAOOS pr`s`t.

T`t KRC



" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp KPQO






KRC Outaoors

Qm` viaò is k smot oj k wmit` dkra uga`r googaky suhh`r sug usigbHRC (Hkguke Rmit` Ckekgd`). Qm` ―aot‘ r`pr`s`gtigb wmit` is p`rj`dteyd`gt`rà.

Cèow, tm` viaò is k smot oj k wmit` dkra uga`r googaky suhh`r sug igKRC hoa`. Rmit` ks c``g v`ry seibmtey smijtà towkras ceu`.

Qm` dkhdora`r’s OPQAOOS pr`s`t ojj`rs kg ia`gtidke‑kga `qukeeyigdorr`dt doeor ckekgd`.





Qm` KRC ihkb` is higihkeey kjj`dtà cy tm` seibmt ceu` smijt c`dkus` rà-pusm mks smijtà sfig tog`s towkra rà. (G`v`rtmè`ss, tmis dkg r`suet igpigfism sfig tog`.)

Qm` soeutiog is k seibmt Doeor Ckekgd` smijt towkra ceu` to r`hov` rà-pusm, peus k v`ry seibmt dougt`r-deodfwis` pmks` smijt tmkt crigbs tm` sfigdohpog`gt ig-eig` witm tm` Jigke Dut ^ro ―sfig tog`‘ eig` igaidktà cy tm`tkg krrow.

Gotid` tmkt I keso kh dkr`jue to f``p tm` rà dkr’s v`dtor witmig tm` ràcox. I keso a`dr`ksà skturktiog k cit to keso mèp ràud` Sà-pusm.





Doeor Dorr`dt`a KRC uga`r Tugeibmt

KRC Igaoors

Qugbst`g Ieeuhigktiog

R` wouea `xp`dt tmkt tm` IGAOOS pr`s`t wouea c` optihke jor tugbst`gieeuhigktiog. Cut, it’s got.

IGAOOS T`ttigb





HRC T`ttigb

KRC T`ttigb

Ogd` kbkig, HRC is jkr hor` kddurkt` tmkg ìtm`r IGAOOS or KRC, cotmoj wmidm kr` smijtà towkra yèeow-rà. Qmis is wmy tm` IGAOOS s`ttigbdkggot c` usà uga`r tugbst`g ieeuhigktiog. It is too wkrh.

Kga, Sà-pusm is boigb to hkf` sfig tog`s `v`g wkrh`r. Cèow, kv`dtorsdop` aispeky oj sfig tog` s`t cy KRC‑c`jor` dorr`dtiog.





Qm` r`quirà doeor dorr`dtiog jor KRC is k hklor Doeor Ckekgd` smijttowkra ceu` to r`hov` rà-pusm, peus k dougt`r-deodfwis` pmks` smijttmkt crigbs tm` sfig dohpog`gt ig-eig` witm tm` Jigke Dut ^ro ―sfig tog`‘ eig` igaidktà cy tm` tkg krrow.





Doeor Dorr`dt`a KRC uga`r Qugbst`g Eibmt

Mkeob`g Ieeuhigktiog

R` wouea `xp`dt tmkt tm` IGAOOS pr`s`t wouea c` optihke jor Mkeob`gieeuhigktiog.

IGAOOS T`ttigb





HRC T`ttigb

KRC T`ttigb

Ogd` kbkig, HRC is hor` kddurkt` tmkg ìtm`r IGAOOS or KRC. QmÌGAOOS pr`s`t is smijtà towkra yèeow. KRC is smijtà towkra yèeow-rà. Cèow, tmr`` v`dtorsdop` aispekys oj sfig tog`‑c`jor` dorr`dtiog.





IGAOOS T`ttigb

De`krey, tm` IGAOOS pr`s`t is spot-og ig t`rhs oj dmrohk pmks`.

HRC T`ttigb





KRC T`ttigb

Qm` IGAOOS kga KRC s`ttigb kr` kehost dorr`dt ig t`rhs oj dmrohkpmks`. Mow`v`r, S`a-pusm is stiee pr`s`gt kga smouea c` dorr`dt`a.

Tigd` tm`r` is kg kavkgtkb` to usigb KRC, it hkf`s ks hudm s`gs` todoeor dorr`dt KRC ks it ao`s tm` IGAOOS pr`s`t.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g :>

Qm` r`quirà doeor dorr`dtiog jor KRC is k Doeor Ckekgd` smijt towkradykg-ceu` to r`hov` rà-pusm, peus k v`ry seibmt dougt`r-deodfwis` pmks`smijt tmkt crigbs tm` sfig dohpog`gt ig-eig` witm tm` Jigke Dut ^ro ―sfigtog`‘ eig` igaidktà cy tm` tkg krrow.

Doeor Dorr`dtà KRC uga`r Mkeob`g Eibmt

Jeuor`sd`gt Ieeuhigktiog

Kee jeuor`sd`gt ekhps output wmkt’s dkeeà k ―crof`g sp`dtruh.‘ Qm` ribmt

pkgè, cèow, smows mow jeuor`sd`gt ieeuhigktiog is dohposà oj s`v`rkegksty spif`s.

Og` wouea `xp`dt tmkt ìtm`r KRC or HRC wouea c` optihke jorjeuor`sd`gt ieeuhigktiog.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g :;

IGAOOS T`ttigb

HRC T`ttigb




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g :3

KRC T`ttigb

Cotm HRC kga KRC pr`s`t kr` spot-og. Mow`v`r, Sà-pusm is stieepr`s`gt kga smouea c` dorr`dtà.

Tigd` tm`r` is kg kavkgtkb` to usigb KRC, it hkf`s ks hudm s`gs` todoeor dorr`dt KRC ks it ao`s tm` HRC pr`s`t. Cèow, k v`dtorsdopàispeky oj sfig tog` s`t cy KRC‑c`jor` dorr`dtiog.





Qm` r`quirà doeor dorr`dtiog jor KRC is k seibmt Doeor Ckekgd` smijttowkra dykg-ceu` to r`hov` rà-pusm peus k v`ry seibmt dougt`r-deodfwis`pmks` smijt tmkt crigbs tm` sfig dohpog`gt ig-eig` witm tm` Jigke Dut ^ro ―sfig tog`‘ eig` igaidktà cy tm` tkg krrow. I mkv` keso igdr`ksàskturktiog to kvoia tm` doeor wksmout ojt`g r`doraà uga`r jeuor`sd`gtieeuhigktiog.

Doeor Dorr`dtà KRC uga`r Jeuor`sd`gt Eibmt





HKGPKE RC

You wkgt to s`t tm` doeor t`hp`rktur` to hktdm tm` aohigkgt doeort`hp`rktur`. Qm` `ksi`st wky to ao tmis is to pekd` k pur` wmit` or pur`brky dkra ig tm` eibmt ieeuhigktigb tm` sucl`dt. (K brky dkra or deotm is tm`c`tt`r dmoid`.)

Gow, jiee tm` jrkh` witm tmis dkra, kga s`t HKGPKE RC.



" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp OG@ ^PTM

" Qkp HKGPKE kga wkit ugtie ceigfigb stops


Qo r`turg to KRC<


" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp KPQO


HRC T`t og Igt`rior Ieeuhigktiog‑@xd`ss Ceu` og Dmkir





T`t HRC og Aohigkgt De`kr Ceu` Tfy @xt`rior Ieeuhigktiog

Dorr`dt RC og Dmkir

! Og kg ov`rdkst aky, doeor t`hp`rktur` is mibm‑kcout 2,3>>˜F. Youhust us` Hkguke Rmit` Ckekgd`.

! Og k suggy aky, wm`g you smoot ig ―op`g smka`‘ tm` doeort`hp`rktur` is v`ry mibm‑ojt`g kcov` =,>>>˜F. You hust us` HkgukeRC.

Doeor Dorr`dt HRC

A`spit` `stkceismigb k dorr`dt RC usigb tm` Hkguke jugdtiog, tm` `jj`dtsoj rà-pusm stiee hust c` dorr`dtà. Jor `xkhpe`, tm` v`dtorsdop` aispekycèow is jroh viaò smot usigb HRC s`t og kg ov`rdkst aky.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ::

Qm` r`quirà doeor dorr`dtiog jor HRC is k seibmt Doeor Ckekgd` smijttowkra ceu` to r`hov` rà-pusm peus k v`ry seibmt dougt`r-deodfwis`pmks` smijt. Qo jurtm`r ràud` rà-pusm, skturktiog is keso a`dr`ksà.

Doeor Dorr`dtà HRC uga`r Ov`rdkst Tfy



Dmkpt`r 1< Mibm-dogtrkst Tmootigb



! It’s k cribmt suggy aky. K p`rj`dt ceu`-sfy aky witm wispy wmit`deouas. K p`rj`dt aky jor smootigb viaò! Or, is it?

Ig tm` oea akys, wm`g joefs smot 40hh g`bktiv` jieh, tm` kgsw`r wksk de`kr ―y`s.‘ Og` aiag’t g`à kg `xposur` h`t`r. Qm` jieh cox toea kee.

T`ttigb kg J-stop c`tw``g j/;; kga j/;: wks kddurkt` `goubm.

Rm`g cribmt sugeibmt ieeuhigkt`s k typidke sd`g`‑dogtkigigb cotm cekdf

kga wmit` ocl`dts‑k ―mibm dogtrkst‘ situktiog is dr`ktà. C`dkus`g`bktiv` jieh mks sudm wia` ektitua`, jieh mks `goubm ektitua` todkptur` k juee rkgb` oj a`tkie ig mibm dogtrkst situktiogs.

! You kr` smootigb kt hiagibmt ig k akrf pkrfigb eot eit prihkrey cy kstr``t eibmt. K strip hkee witm hkgy cribmt gòg sibgs jiees soh` oj tm`ckdfbrouga c`miga your sucl`dt. Qm` r`hkiga`r oj tm` ckdfbrouga ispitdm akrf. @v`g tmoubm tm` ov`rkee e`vè oj ieeuhigktiog is jkr eow`rtmkg tmkt oj k cribmt suggy aky‑tm` situktiog is stiee ―mibm dogtrkst.‘

! You kr` smootigb k aigby motè rooh eit cy k sigbe` càsia` ekhp. Rmie`

ov`rkee ieeuhigktiog is c`st a`sdricà ks kcyshkeey aih‑tm` dogtrkstaijj`r`gd` c`tw``g tm` ekhpsmka` kga k m`ka og k pieeow is mub`.(Qmis wiee c` tru` `v`g ij you mkv` r`pekdà tm` ;>>R cuec witm k30>R cuec to dr`kt` k ―prkdtidke.‘) Ogd` kbkig, w` s`` sd`g`cribmtg`ss ao`sg’t g`d`sskriey a`t`rhig` tm` sd`g`’s dogtrkst.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g :=

Qo dkptur` mibm-dogtrkst situktiogs, k dkh`rk g`às v`ry wia` ―ektitua`.‘ Dogsuh`r viaò dkhdora`rs, ugjortugktèy, r`dora jkr e`ss ektitua` tmkgjieh so k mibm-dogtrkst cribmt aky is hor` tmkg tm`y dkg mkgae`. Qm` hostocvious proce`h jroh k dkhdora`r’s eihità ektitua` is tmkt v`ry cribmt ―mibmeibmts‘ wiee ―curg out‘ e`kvigb k pktdm oj wmit` tmkt dogtkigs goa`tkie. Jor `xkhpe`, tm` ekhp’s smka` wiee sihpey c`doh` k wmit` aisd.

Qm` e`ss ocvious proce`h, ig hkgy cut got kee situktiogs, is tmkt akrfkr`ks wiee bo jueey cekdf‑smkaow a`tkie wiee c` eost. Jor `xkhpe`, ij ogàikes aowg `xposur` so tm` ekhp ao`s got curgout, `v`rytmigb cut tmèkhp kga tm` tkce` it sits og hky bo cekdf. R` eos` kee tm` a`tkie tmktigjorhs us tm` sd`g` is s`t ig k motè rooh.

Ig mibm dogtrkst situktiogs, you hust c` kce` to kalust `xposur`.

Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike< @xposur`

Ij you mkv`g’t y`t aog` so<

" Qkp MOH@ cuttog

" Qkp QOOECO] tkc

" Qkp HOZI@ T@QQIGBT cuttog

" Qkp AIKE T@QQIGBT cuttog

" Qkp OF tm`g S@QPSG kga tm`g !.

! Qm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike wiee kewkys c` kssibgà to

dogtroe @]ÔTPS@. It wiee c` your ^rihkry hkguke

dogtroe.





T`t Hkguke RC

It is dritidke you r`ka Dmkpt`r 4 tmkt provia`s a`tkieà igjorhktiog ogwmit` ckekgd` kga doeor dorr`dtiog.

! Kssuhigb you wiee c` doeor dorr`dtigb `v`ry smot tmkt igdeua`sDkudksikg sfig, you dkg us` KRC. Otm`rwis`, us` tm`s`

s`ttigbs.

! Gkturke ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Qugbst`g ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Mkeob`g ieeuhigktiog< Ps` IGAOOS.

! Jeuor`sd`gt ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Hixà ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Hovigb jroh og` typ` oj ieeuhigktiog to kgotm`r< Ps` KRC.

Rm`g you us` HRC, you hust s`t it jor `kdm smootigb situktiog.Horòv`r, jor `kdm situktiog you hust s`t RC cksà upog tm` aohigkgt

eibmt jkeeigb og tm` sd`g`.

Qo s`t Hkguke RC<



" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp OG@ ^PTM

" êkd` k pur` wmit` or pur` brky dkra ig tm` eibmt ieeuhigktigb tm` sucl`dt. (Kbrky dkra is tm` c`tt`r dmoid`.)

" Jiee tm` jrkh` witm tmis dkra,







@gkce` KJ


" Qkp DKH@SK; tkc

" Qkp JODPT

" Qkp KPQO

" Qkp OF kga tm`g S@QPSG

Ig host situktiogs, Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs quidfey kga kddurktèykdmi`v` jodus. Ig jkdt, KJ p`rjorhs wèe `goubm tmkt you dkg pkg jrohog` ocl`dt to kgotm`r kga `xp`dt jodus to shootmey kalust.

Rm`g k sucl`dt is hovigb kwky jroh tm` dkh`rk, jodus wiee keso c`

hkigtkigà. Rm`g, mow`v`r, k sucl`dt is hovigb towkra tm` dkh`rk tm`KJ syst`h is e`ss kce` to dop`. Qm` soeutiog‑zooh wia` c`jor` tm` smot.

Ig jkdt, tm` soeutiog to kee jodus worri`s‑ig kgy situktiog‑is to got zoohc`yoga hia-wky c`tw``g Ria` kga Qè`-pmoto.

! Ps` tm` TÔQ JODPT Rigaow ks your T`dogakry

hkguke dogtroe.

! Rm`g you smoot usigb KRC, tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike

peus tm` TÔQ JODPT Rigaow provia` you witm

`xdèe`gt dogtroe oj tm` Togy dkhdora`r witmout

mkvigb to aib tmroubm its h`gu syst`h.





Qkfigb Dogtroe< Dogtroeeigb @xposur`

Aiskce` K@

^r`ss tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike’s d`gt`r @gkce`/Aiskce` cuttog to switdm toHKGPKE. Rm`g ig Hkguke hoa`, you wiee s`` tmis aispeky kt tm` cottoh oj

tm` EDA.

Gow you dkg hkgukeey kalust `xposur` c`jor` `kdm smot. C`dkus` tm`kalusth`gt hky got c` shootm, kvoia tryigb to kalust `xposur` aurigb ksmot.

! @xposur` wiee r`hkig kt tm` e`vè you s`t. Ogd` s`t, it

wiee got jeudtukt`.

Qm` ihkb` cèow smows wmkt you wiee s`` ig tm` vi`wjiga`r kga EDA wm`gk sd`g`’s eibmtigb rkgb` is wky too wia` jor tm` dkh`rk to r`dora. (\`crks`t kt ;>>IS@.) Ketmoubm tm` bire’s jkd` is prop`rey `xposà, tm` hklorityoj tm` sfy is ov`r-`xposà.

Qm`r` is go dkh`rk kalusth`gt you dkg hkf` to soev` tmis proce`h. Ij

you a`dr`ks` `xposur`, tm` bire’s jkd` wiee bo too akrf. Qm` soeutiog is tohov` tm` bire kga/or dkh`rk so tm` ckdfbrouga is got so cribmt.Ket`rgktèy, you dkg a`dr`ks` `xposur` ugtie tm` ckdfbrouga eoofs OFkga tm`g kaa eibmt og tm` bire’s jkd` ugtie it is dorr`dtey `xposà.

Rm`g k sd`g`’s eibmtigb rkgb` is ogey seibmtey too wia` jor tm` dkh`rk tor`dora, you wiee s`` tm` z`crk pktt`rg ogey og shkee kr`ks. Jor `xkhpe`,





wmit` or cribmt doeorà ocl`dts wiee c` dov`rà witm k \`crk pktt`rg kssmowg cèow.

Qm` sibgke e`vè uga`rg`ktm k \`crk pktt`rg dkg p`kf kt ;;>IS@. Qmish`kgs tm`r` hky c` soh` e`vè oj a`tkie ig tm` rkgb` jroh ;>>IS@ to;;>IS@.

Pgjortugktèy, c`dkus` tm` Togy TS/D] dkhdora`r’s z`crk pktt`rg is v`ryigtrusiv`, you dkggot s`` a`tkie tmkt hibmt c` pr`s`gt. Qmkgfjueey, witmprkdtid` you wiee e`krg mow to dogtroe `xposur` cy eoofigb kt tm` EDA orZJ witmout tm` g`à jor \`crk.

M`r` kr` soh` sihpe` rue`s to joeeow ig kalustigb `xposur` to r`tkig kshudm a`tkie ks possice`.

! Ij cribmt doeorà ocl`dts kpp`kr wmit` ig tm` vi`wjiga`r or EDA, yousmouea eow`r `xposur` ugtie doeor r`turgs to tm` cribmt doeorà ocl`dts.

! Rmkt smouea you ao ij wmit` ocl`dts kpp`kr witm \`crk? Ij your hovi`wiee ogey c` smowg ig TA, you dkg kdd`pt ov`r-`xposur` oj shkee kr`ks.

! Ij, mow`v`r, you pekg to hkf` MA hovi`s, you smouea a`dr`ks``xposur` ugtie \`crk kpp`krs ogey og v`ry tigy wmit` kr`ks.

@gkce` K@

Ij you g`à to keeow K@ to dogtroe `xposur`, sihpey pr`ss tm` Dkh`rkDogtroe Aike’s d`gt`r @gkce`/Aiskce` cuttog to switdm to KPQO.

! Ps` tm` HKGPKE @]ÔTPS@ Cuttog ks tm`

dkhdora`r’s Q`rtikry hkguke dogtroe.





Qkfigb Dogtroe< @stkceism Jodus

Ig host situktiogs, you dkg keeow jodus to c` dogtroeeà cy KJ.Ocviousey, tm`r` kr` `xd`ptiogs.

Qm` TS kga D] mkv` k ugiqu` kga v`ry pow`rjue wky oj s`ttigb

jodus tmkt is hudm jkst`r kga c`tt`r tmkg usigb tm` Dkh`rkDogtroe Aike or tm` Hkguke Jodus Teia`r.

! Qm`r` kr` tih`s wm`g you g`à to eodf KJ to kvoia ―mugtigb‘ `sp`dikeeywm`g you kr` smootigb deos`-ups.

! Qm` dekssid ―3 smot‘ pekd`s tm` d`gt`r oj tm` jrkh` c`tw``g twopòpe`. C`dkus` tm` ckdfbrouga is ojt`g wky c`miga tm` pòpe`, kgatm` dkh`rk t`gas to jodus og tm` d`gt`r oj tm` jrkh`, KJ dkggot worfig tmis situktiog.





! Qm` dekssid ―spkbm`tti w`st`rg‘ smot pekd`s tm` sucl`dt kt tm` `xtr`h`sia` oj tm` jrkh`. C`dkus` tm` ckdfbrouga is ojt`g wky c`miga tm`p`rsog, kga tm` dkh`rk t`gas to jodus og tm` d`gt`r oj tm` jrkh`, KJdkggot worf ig tmis situktiog.

Qm` soeutiog to cotm situktiogs is sihpe`.


" Ij g`d`sskry, tkp DKHDOSA@S; tkc

" Qkp TÔQ JODPT

" Ritmig tm` aispekyà wigaow, tkp-kga-moea hoh`gtkriey og tm` sucl`dt youwkgt to c` ig jodus

$ You hky g`à to tkp s`v`rke tih`s to b`t p`rj`dt jodus.

Qo r`turg to KJ<

" Qkp KPQO

" Qkp @GA kga tm`g tkp S@QPSG





Qkfigb Dogtroe< Higihiz` Hotiog Ttrocigb

Ks cribmtg`ss igdr`ks`s, tm` dkh`rk hkf`s kalusth`gts to ìtm`r, orcotm, iris kga smutt`r-sp`à ks g`àà to f``p `xposur` dorr`dt.

TQ@^ Tp`à J-stop Bkig GA

;4 :> 1 > aC OPQ

;1 9> 1 > aC OPQ

;0 ;30 1 > aC OPQ

;: ;=> 1 > aC OPQ

;2 30> 1 > aC OPQ

;= :> 1 > aC IG

;9 9> 1 > aC IG

3> ;30 1 > aC IG

3; ;=> 1 > aC IG

33 30> 1 > aC IG

34 30> 1.= > aC IG

31 30> 0,: > aC IG

30 30> :.= > aC IG

3: 30> = > aC IG

32 30> 9.: > aC IG

3= 30> ;; > aC IG

39 30> ;: > aC IG

T`` Dmkpt`r 3 jor Hor` Igjorhktiog og @xposur`

Qo kvoia aijjrkdtiog igt`rj`r`gd`, tm` dkh`rk us`s s`v`rke tkdtids topr`v`gt tm` iris jroh deosigb jurtm`r tmkg j/1. Jirst, it igdr`ks`s smutt`r-sp`à up to ;/30>tm s`doga. T`doga, it igs`rts k ;-stop GA jiet`r. Ks eibmtc`doh`s `v`g strogb`r, tm`s` tkdtids go eogb`r worf kga tm` iris is

keeowà to deos` aowg to j/;:.Rm`g smutt`r-sp`à ris`s kcov` ;/;30tm s`doga, ocl`dts tmkt hov`rkpiaey tmroubm tm` jrkh` mkv` k t`ga`gdy to ―stroc`‘ c`dkus` `kdmjrkh` mks go hotiog ceur. Ttrocigb wiee c` e`ss visice` wm`g wktdmigbyour viaò og k tè`visiog c`dkus` cotm jièas wiee c` aispekyà. Mow`v`r,wm`g your viaò is pr`s`gtà og k dohput`r’s probr`ssiv` aispeky, it wiee





c` aìgt`rekdà. Ig hkgy dks`s, aìgt`rekdigb sihpey aisdkras ket`rgkt`jrkh`s tm`r`cy igdr`ksigb strocigb.

Qo èihigkt` strocigb witm proj`ssiogke dkh`rks og` sihpey s`ts tm`smutt`r-sp`à to ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. Pgjortugktèy, Togy TS/D]dkhdora`rs ao got keeow you to s`t smutt`r-sp`à. Mow`v`r, cy kttkdmigbkg GA jiet`r, smutt`r-sp`à wiee c` ràudà. Psigb kg =] GA jiet`r uga`rgorhke sugeibmt, I jouga smutt`r-sp`à to jkee to c`tw``g ;/:>tm kga;/;30tm witm tm` iris r`hkigigb kt j/1. (Pga`r e`ss cribmt eibmt, you hkyogey c` kce` to us` k 1] GA jiet`r.)

Qm`r`jor`, you hky wkgt to us` k 1] or kg =] GA jiet`r wm`g`v`rsmootigb uga`r outaoor eibmt.





42hh ―Dofig K‘ jiet`r moea`r witm Dofig hoauekr jiet`r mooa

GA Jiet`rs You Hky G``a





Qkfigb Dogtroe< Op`g-smka` Tmootigb

Og k suggy ceu`-sfy aky wm`g you smoot ig ―op`g smka`‘ tm` doeort`hp`rktur` is v`ry mibm‑ojt`g 2,>>>˜F to =,>>>˜F. You smouea got us`KRC.

T`e`dt HRC



" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp OG@ ^PTM



Qo r`turg to KRC<


" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp KPQO






Qkfigb Dogtroe< Eihit Ziaò Bkig

Rmie` tm`r` kr` tih`s wm`g you kr` wieeigb to kdd`pt tm` viaò gois` tmktdoh`s jroh usigb tm` dkhdora`r’s hkxihuh +;=aC bkig, tm`r` kr` otm`rtih`s wm`g tm` `xtrk gois` is ugkdd`ptkce`.

Rmie` you dkggot air`dtey s`t viaò bkig, you dkg eihit viaò bkig to+9aC. Cy aoigb so you b`t kg `xtrk ;.0 stops oj s`gsitivity witm kehostgo igdr`ks` ig gois`.

You dkg jurtm`r ràud` tm` kpp`krkgd` oj gois` cy r`h`hc`r to krrkgb`tm` situktiog to kvoia kr`ks oj akrf brky. Ij eibmt is spieeigb igto akrfkr`ks, ao `v`rytmigb you dkg to pr`v`gt eibmt spiee. Jord` akrf kr`ks tocekdf c`dkus` dkhdora`rs ao got try to kppey bkig to cekdf kr`ks. Qmiswiee f``p gois` jroh smowigb ig wmkt wouea c` smkaow kr`ks.

Tè`dt Qwieibmt Hoa`

Qmis s`ttigb eihits bkig to +9aC kga eihits jodusigb to kcout 4-j``t kt jueeRia` to kcout 32-j``t kt juee Qè`.



" Qkp TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG

" Qkp QRIEIBMQ


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO





Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g =>



Dmkpt`r 0< Eow-dogtrkst Tmootigb

Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g =;


Qm`r` kr` cotm outaoor situktiogs kga igaoor situktiogs wm`r` dogtrkst isgot mibm.

Ov`rdkst DogaitiogsHkgy joefs kvoia smootigb uga`r ov`rdkst sfi`s c`dkus` doeors wiee gotpop ks tm`y ao uga`r cribmt sugeibmt. Rmie` tmkt is tru`, ov`rdkst eibmtigbdr`kt`s eow-dogtrkst situktiogs kga eow-dogtrkst dogaitiogs kr` jkr `ksi`rto r`dora tmkg kr` mibm-dogtrkst dogaitiogs.

Ttuaio Tituktiogs

Rm`g k stuaio is eit jor viaò r`doraigb, dkr` is tkf`g to dogtroe dogtrkst.Oj dours`, wm`g dr`ktigb hooa eibmtigb, mibm-dogtrkst eibmtigb hky c`

`hpeoyà. Ig tmis dks`, s`` Dmkpt`r 1.Jeuor`sd`gt Ieeuhigktà Tituktiogs

Jeuor`sd`gt-eit situktiogs mkv` rèktivèy eow-dogtrkst. Qm` ogey dkv`kt istmkt smkaows dkg kpp`kr uga`r k p`rsog’s gos` kga dmig. Ps` r`je`dtorsto cougd` eibmt ckdf to sucl`dts.

Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike< @xposur`

Ij you mkv`g’t y`t aog` so<

" Qkp MOH@ cuttog

" Qkp QOOECO] tkc

" Qkp HOZI@ T@QQIGBT cuttog

" Qkp AIKE T@QQIGBT cuttog

" Qkp OF tm`g S@QPSG kga tm`g !.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g =3

! Qm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike wiee kewkys c` kssibgà to

dogtroe @]ÔTPS@. It wiee c` your ^rihkry hkguke

dogtroe.

T`t Hkguke RCIt is dritidke you r`ka Dmkpt`r 4 tmkt provia`s a`tkieà igjorhktiog ogwmit` ckekgd` kga doeor dorr`dtiog.

! Kssuhigb you wiee c` doeor dorr`dtigb `v`ry smot tmkt igdeua`sDkudksikg sfig, you dkg us` KRC. Otm`rwis`, us` tm`s`s`ttigbs.

! Gkturke ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Qugbst`g ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Mkeob`g ieeuhigktiog< Ps` IGAOOS.

! Jeuor`sd`gt ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Hixà ieeuhigktiog< Ps` HRC.

! Hovigb jroh og` typ` oj ieeuhigktiog to kgotm`r< Ps` KRC.

Rm`g you us` HRC, you hust s`t it jor `kdm smootigb situktiog.Horòv`r, jor `kdm situktiog you hust s`t RC cksà upog tm` aohigkgt

eibmt jkeeigb og tm` sd`g`.

Qo s`t Hkguke RC<



" Qkp RMIQ@ CKEKGD@

" Qkp OG@ ^PTM

" êkd` k pur` wmit` or pur` brky dkra ig tm` eibmt ieeuhigktigb tm` sucl`dt. (Kbrky dkra is tm` c`tt`r dmoid`.)

" Jiee tm` jrkh` witm tmis dkra,







@gkce` KJ


" Qkp DKH@SK; tkc

" Qkp JODPT

" Qkp KPQO

" Qkp OF kga tm`g S@QPSG

Ig host situktiogs, Togy TS/D] dkhdora`rs quidfey kga kddurktèy

kdmi`v` jodus. Ig jkdt, KJ p`rjorhs wèe `goubm tmkt you dkg pkg jrohog` ocl`dt to kgotm`r kga `xp`dt jodus to shootmey kalust.

Rm`g k sucl`dt is hovigb kwky jroh tm` dkh`rk, jodus wiee keso c`hkigtkigà. Rm`g, mow`v`r, k sucl`dt is hovigb towkra tm` dkh`rk tm`KJ syst`h is e`ss kce` to dop`. Qm` soeutiog‑zooh wia` c`jor` tm` smot.

Ig jkdt, tm` soeutiog to kee jodus worri`s‑ig kgy situktiog‑is to got zoohc`yoga hia-wky c`tw``g Ria` kga Qè`-pmoto.

! Ps` tm` TÔQ JODPT Rigaow ks your T`dogakry

hkguke dogtroe.

! Rm`g you smoot usigb KRC, tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike

peus tm` TÔQ JODPT Rigaow provia` you witm

`xdèe`gt dogtroe oj tm` Togy dkhdora`r witmoutmkvigb to aib tmroubm its h`gu syst`h.





Qkfigb Dogtroe< Eodf @xposur` ks G`àà

Ig eow-dogtrkst situktiogs, you dkg b`g`rkeey trust K@ kga KJ.

@gkce` K@

^r`ss tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike’s d`gt`r @gkce`/Aiskce` cuttog to switdm toKPQO.

! Rm`g ig Kuto hoa`, you wiee got s`` tmis aispeky kt

tm` cottoh oj tm` EDA.

Qm` Togy K@ syst`h is cuiet to ov`r-wìbmt tm` upp`r og`-qukrt`r oj tm`jrkh`. Qm`r`jor`, cribmt sfi`s kga cribmt deouas dkus` tm` `xposur` to c`seibmtey a`dr`ksà to pr`v`gt tm`s` mibmeibmts jroh cìgb ov`r `xposà.Qm`r`jor`, tm`r` is go booa r`ksog to us` \`crk wm`g smootigb usigb K@hoa`.

You dkg us` K@ ugtie you `gdougt`r k situktiog wm`r` you g`à to eodf`xposur`. Jor `xkhpe`, ij soh`tmigb hky pkss ig jrogt oj tm` dkh`rk tmktwouea dkus` k hoh`gtkry `xposur` jeudtuktiog. Or, ij sohòg` witm kwmit` smirt w`r` to `gt`r tm` sd`g` dkusigb `xposur` to igdr`ks`.

Aiskce` K@Tihpey pr`ss tm` d`gt`r cuttog to `gkce` HKGPKE hoa` to eodf tm``xposur` kt tm` durr`gt vkeu`.

! @xposur` gow wiee r`hkig kt tm` e`vè s`t cy tm` K@

syst`h. Ogd` eodfà, it wiee got jeudtukt`.

! Ps` tm` HKGPKE @]ÔTPS@ Cuttog ks tm`

dkhdora`r’s Q`rtikry hkguke dogtroe.





Qkfigb Dogtroe< @stkceism Jodus

Ig host situktiogs, you dkg keeow jodus to c` dogtroeeà cy KJ.Ocviousey, tm`r` kr` `xd`ptiogs.

Qm` TS kga D] mkv` k ugiqu` kga v`ry pow`rjue wky oj s`ttigb

jodus tmkt is hudm jkst`r kga c`tt`r tmkg usigb tm` Dkh`rkDogtroe Aike or tm` Hkguke Jodus Teia`r.

! Qm`r` kr` tih`s wm`g you g`à to eodf KJ to kvoia ―mugtigb‘ `sp`dikeeywm`g you kr` smootigb deos`-ups.

! Qm` dekssid ―3 smot‘ pekd`s tm` d`gt`r oj tm` jrkh` c`tw``g twopòpe`. C`dkus` tm` ckdfbrouga is ojt`g wky c`miga tm` pòpe`, kgatm` dkh`rk t`gas to jodus og tm` d`gt`r oj tm` jrkh`, KJ dkggot worfig tmis situktiog.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g =:

! Qm` dekssid ―spkbm`tti w`st`rg‘ smot pekd`s tm` sucl`dt kt tm` `xtr`h`sia` oj tm` jrkh`. C`dkus` tm` ckdfbrouga is ojt`g wky c`miga tm`p`rsog, kga tm` dkh`rk t`gas to jodus og tm` d`gt`r oj tm` jrkh`, KJdkggot worf ig tmis situktiog.

Qm` soeutiog to cotm situktiogs is sihpe`.


" Ij g`d`sskry, tkp DKHDOSA@S; tkc

" Qkp TÔQ JODPT

" Ritmig tm` aispekyà wigaow, tkp-kga-moea hoh`gtkriey og tm` sucl`dt youwkgt to c` ig jodus

$ You hky g`à to tkp s`v`rke tih`s to b`t p`rj`dt jodus.

Qo r`turg to KJ<

" Qkp KPQO

" Qkp @GA kga tm`g tkp S@QPSG





Qkfigb Dogtroe< Higihiz` Hotiog Ttrocigb

Ks cribmtg`ss igdr`ks`s, tm` dkh`rk hkf`s kalusth`gts to ìtm`r, orcotm, iris kga smutt`r-sp`à ks g`àà to f``p `xposur` dorr`dt.

TQ@^ Tp`à J-stop Bkig GA

;4 :> 1 > aC OPQ

;1 9> 1 > aC OPQ

;0 ;30 1 > aC OPQ

;: ;=> 1 > aC OPQ

;2 30> 1 > aC OPQ

;= :> 1 > aC IG

;9 9> 1 > aC IG

3> ;30 1 > aC IG

3; ;=> 1 > aC IG

33 30> 1 > aC IG

34 30> 1.= > aC IG

31 30> 0,: > aC IG

30 30> :.= > aC IG

3: 30> = > aC IG

32 30> 9.: > aC IG

3= 30> ;; > aC IG

39 30> ;: > aC IG

T`` Dmkpt`r 3 jor Hor` Igjorhktiog og @xposur`

Qo kvoia aijjrkdtiog igt`rj`r`gd`, tm` dkh`rk us`s s`v`rke tkdtids topr`v`gt tm` iris jroh deosigb jurtm`r tmkg j/1. Jirst, it igdr`ks`s smutt`r-sp`à up to ;/30>tm s`doga. T`doga, it igs`rts k ;-stop GA jiet`r. Ks eibmtc`doh`s `v`g strogb`r, tm`s` tkdtids go eogb`r worf kga tm` iris is

keeowà to deos` aowg to j/;:.Rm`g smutt`r-sp`à ris`s kcov` ;/;30tm s`doga, ocl`dts tmkt hov`rkpiaey tmroubm tm` jrkh` mkv` k t`ga`gdy to ―stroc`‘ c`dkus` `kdmjrkh` mks go hotiog ceur. Ttrocigb wiee c` e`ss visice` wm`g wktdmigbyour viaò og k tè`visiog c`dkus` cotm jièas wiee c` aispekyà. Mow`v`r,wm`g your viaò is pr`s`gtà og k dohput`r’s probr`ssiv` aispeky, it wiee




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ==

c` aìgt`rekdà. Ig hkgy dks`s, aìgt`rekdigb sihpey aisdkras ket`rgkt`jrkh`s tm`r`cy igdr`ksigb strocigb.

Qo èihigkt` strocigb witm proj`ssiogke dkh`rks og` sihpey s`ts tm`smutt`r-sp`à to ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. Pgjortugktèy, Togy TS/D]dkhdora`rs ao got keeow you to s`t smutt`r-sp`à. Mow`v`r, cy kttkdmigbkg GA jiet`r, smutt`r-sp`à wiee c` ràudà. Psigb kg =] GA jiet`r iggorhke sugeibmt, I jouga smutt`r-sp`à to jkee to c`tw``g ;/:>tm kga;/;30tm witm tm` iris r`hkigigb kt j/1. (Pga`r e`ss cribmt eibmt, you hkyogey c` kce` to us` k 1] GA jiet`r.)

Qm`r`jor`, you hky wkgt to us` k 1] or kg =] GA jiet`r wm`g`v`rsmootigb uga`r outaoor eibmt.






GA Jiet`rs You Hky G``a





Qkfigb Dogtroe< Eihit Ziaò Bkig

Rmie` tm`r` kr` tih`s wm`g you kr` wieeigb to kdd`pt tm` viaò gois` tmktdoh`s jroh usigb tm` dkhdora`r’s hkxihuh +;=aC bkig, tm`r` kr` otm`rtih`s wm`g tm` `xtrk gois` is ugkdd`ptkce`.

Rmie` you dkggot air`dtey s`t viaò bkig, you dkg eihit viaò bkig to+9aC. Cy aoigb so, you b`t kg `xtrk ;.0 stops oj s`gsitivity witm kehostgo igdr`ks` ig gois`.

You dkg jurtm`r ràud` tm` kpp`krkgd` oj gois` cy r`h`hc`r to krrkgb`tm` situktiog to kvoia kr`ks oj akrf brky. Ij eibmt is spieeigb igto akrfkr`ks, ao `v`rytmigb you dkg to pr`v`gt eibmt spiee. Jord` akrf kr`ks tocekdf c`dkus` dkhdora`rs ao got try to kppey bkig to cekdf kr`ks. Qmiswiee f``p gois` jroh smowigb ig wmkt wouea c` smkaow kr`ks.

Tè`dt Qwieibmt Hoa`Qmis s`ttigb eihits bkig to +9aC kga eihits jodusigb to kcout 4-j``t kt jueeRia` to kcout 32-j``t kt juee Qè`.




" Qkp QRIEIBMQ


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO




Dmkpt`r :< Tp`dike Tituktiogs



Higihiz` AOJ

Rm`g smootigb igt`rvi`ws or deos`-ups oj ocl`dts you hky jiga tm`

sd`g`’s ckdfbrouga to c` aistrkdtigb.

Qo èihigkt` tm` aistrkdtiog you g`à to hkf` tm` ckdfbrouga bo out oj jodus cy jordigb tm` iris g`krey kee tm` wky op`g tm`r`cy higihizigbA`ptm-oj-Jièa (AOJ.) Qo ao tmis, us` k :1] GA jiet`r tmkt wiee jord` tm`smutt`r-sp`à to ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm kga op`g tm` iris.

$ You dkg us` k :1] GA jiet`r ogey uga`r v`ry cribmt eibmtc`dkus` uga`r`xposur` hky oddur. Ig tmis dks`, us` kg =]GA jiet`r. T`` Dmkpt`r 3.






Qm` Togy dkhdora`rs provia` kg ket`rgkt` wky to tmrow tm` ckdfbrougaseibmtey out oj jodus. Tihpey, `gbkb` ôrtrkit hoa`, wmidm jord`s tm` irisg`krey kee tm` wky op`g tm`r`cy higihizigb A`ptm-oj-Jièa (AOJ.) Qooctkig tm` dorr`dt `xposur`, tm` dkh`rk dkg igdr`ks` smutt`r-sp`à to;/0>>tm s`doga. Qmis, oj dours`, op`gs tm` possicieity oj ckdfbrougastrocigb‑kg krtijkdt pr`v`gtà cy usigb tm` GA jiet`r soeutiog.

ôrtrkit Hoa`




" Tdroee aowg og` pkb`

" Qkp ÔSQSKIQ


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO






Ckdfeibmt

Rm`g tm` ckdfbrouga is v`ry cribmt, to pr`v`gt uga`r-`xposur`, pr`sstm` CED (Ckdf Eibmt Dogtroe) cuttog (#1) og tm` jrogt oj tm` dkh`rk.@xposur` is igdr`ksà cy ;-stop.

$ Rm`g tm` Dkh`rk Dogtroe Aike is kssibgà to @xposur` kgayou mkv` aiskceà K@ so you dkg hkgukeey dogtroe `xposur`,you dkggot us` tm` Ckdfeibmt cuttog.





Tpoteibmt

Rm`g smootigb k stkb` proaudtiog wm`r` tm` hkig sucl`dt is eit cy kspoteibmt, tm` dkh`rk ig K@ hoa` wiee ov`r-`xpos` c`dkus` tm` ekrb`rckdfbrouga is so hudm akrf`r. Cy sè`dtigb tm` Tpoteibmt pr`s`t,`xposur` is a`dr`ksà ;-stop to dohp`gskt`.

Qmis hoa` is tm` r`v`rs` oj Ckdfeibmt.


" Ij g`d`sskry, tkp DKHDOSA@S3



" Qkp TÔQEIBMQ


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO






Ekgasdkp`

^r`v`gts dkh`rk jroh jodusigb og deos` ocl`dts sudm ks bekss or h`sm.Qmis hoa` dkg keso c` us`a wm`g you kr` smootigb jroh witmig k drowakga p`ope` hky wkef ig jrogt oj tm` dkh`rk.





" Qkp EKGATDK^@


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO






Dkgae`

Dkgae`eibmt dr`kt`s k v`ry aih y`t v`ry mibm-dogtrkst situktiog. Qm`dkhdora`r provia`s k Dkgae` ^r`s`t tmkt pusm`s tm` smutt`r-sp``a ks eowks ;/1tm s`doga wmie` got igdr`ksigb bkig.




" Qkp DKGAE@


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO






Jir`worfs

Qmis s`ttigb eihits bkig to +>aC, eow`rs tm` smutt`r-sp`à to ;/0>tm or;/:>tm s`doga, kga jord`s jodus to k jkr aistkgd`.


" Ij g`d`sskry, tkp DKHDOSA@S3 tkc" Qkp TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG

" Qkp JIS@ROSFT


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO


ôrtrkit Hoa`

Qmis s`ttigb jord`s tm` smutt`r-sp`à up to ;/0>>tm s`doga tm`r`cydkusigb tm` iris to op`g jueey.





" Qkp ÔSQSKIQ


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO






Qwieibmt

Qmis s`ttigb eihits bkig to +9aC kga eihits jodusigb to kcout 4-j``t kt jueeRia` to kcout 32-j``t kt juee Q`e`.



" Qkp QRIEIBMQ


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO


Qwieibmt ortOgey support`a ig ^moto hoa`.

Tugris`/Tugs`t

Kaas wkrhtm kga jord`s jodus to k jkr aistkgd`.




" Qkp TPGSIT@ & TPGT@Q


Qo r`turg to K@<

" Qkp tm` O^QIOG cuttog" Qkp TD@G@ T@E@DQIOG

" Qkp KPQO






C`kdm^r`v`gts tm` dkh`rk jroh jodusigb og deos` ocl`dts kga igdr`ks`s`xposur` cy ;/3-stop.




" Qkp C@KDM


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO


Tgow^r`v`gts tm` dkh`rk jroh jodusigb og deos` ocl`dts kga igdr`ks`s`xposur` cy ;-stop.





" Qkp TGOR


Qo r`turg to K@<



" Qkp KPQO





Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;>>

Psigb Doeor Teow Tmutt`r

Rm`g smootigb ig v`ry aih eibmt, you dkg b`t `xtrk s`gsitivity cy`gbkbigb Doeor Teow Tmutt`r. Tmutt`r-sp``a dkg arop to ;/4>tm s`doga. Oj dours`, hotiog ceur wiee c` igdr`ks`a wm`g tmis oddurs.

" Qkp tm` Optiog cuttog.

" Ij g`d`sskry, tkp tm` tmira Dkhdora`r 4 tkc

" Qkp DOEOS TEOR TMQS

" Qkp OG


Qo turg ojj DOEOS TEOR TMQS<


" Qkp DOEOS TEOR TMQS

" Qkp OJJ




Dmkpt`r 2< @aitigb KZDMA

Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;>;


Ig tm` jirst y`kr oj KZDMA dkhdora`r proaudtiog, tm`r` w`r` got hkgyàitigb soeutiogs. Qoaky, host GE@s dekih tm`y dkg àit KZDMA. Qo kvoiadohpeidktiogs, you g`à to dorr`dtey pkrs` tmis stkt`h`gt to uga`rstkga

wmkt `xkdtey is cìgb dekihà.

Ksp`dts oj KZDMA

KZDMA rojie`s

Togy kga ^kgksogid us` M.3:1 Hkig ^rojie` tmkt kewkys us`s 1]1 pixèceodfs. Dkgog us`s M.3:1 Mibm ^rojie` tmkt supports pot`gtikeey mibm`rviaò qukeity c`dkus` kr`ks witm jig` a`tkie kr` dohpr`ssà usigb 1x1pixè ceodfs wmie` kr`ks witm eow a`tkie kr` dohpr`ssà usigb =]= pixèceodfs. Qm` ektt`r b`g`rkt`s e`ss aktk, so hor` ckgawiatm is kvkiekce` joraktk jroh jig` a`tkie kr`ks. (Ceu-rky’s M.3:1 us`s Mibm ^rojie`.)

Ao`s tm` KZDMA sojtwkr` you wkgt to us` support cotm ^rojie`s?

KZDMA Jrkh`-siz`?

Qm`r` kr` two KZDMA jrkh` siz`s< ;11>x;>=> or ;93>x;>=>.

Ao`s tm` KZDMA sojtwkr` you wkgt to us` support cotm jrkh` siz`s?

KZDMA KD4 0.; Kuaio?KZDMA supports two typ`s oj KD-4 (Aoecy Aibitke) kuaio< 0.; kga 3/>.

Ao`s tm` KZDMA sojtwkr` you wkgt to us` support 0.;?

KZDMA Gktiv`, or Got?

Qm`r` kr` two wkys KZDMA dkg c` àità< usigb viaò jie`s tmkt kr`r`doraà cy tm` dkhdora`r or cy usigb jie`s tmkt r`suet jroh trkgsdoaigb(dogv`rtigb) KZDMA to kgotm`r doa`d. Qm` jorh`r is dkeeà gktiv` KZDMAàitigb.

Rmidm typ` oj àitigb ao`s tm` KZDMA sojtwkr` you wkgt to us` support?

Rmkt Igt`rhàikt` Doa`d is usà?

Ij your sojtwkr` dkggot gktivèy àit KZDMA‑wmkt doa`d is your viaòdogv`rtà to? Qmis qu`stiog rkis`s s`v`rke qu`stiogs.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;>3

Jrkh`-siz`?

Toh` soeutiogs, trkgsdoa` KZDMA to MAZ. Qmis eihits jrkh`-siz` to;11>x;>=>. Kga, soh` proaudts ao got support Juee MA. Jor `xkhpe`,Dig`jorh’s $199 Ksp`dt MA ogey supports ;11>x;>=>. Qo worf witm JueeMA, you wiee g`à to cuy ^rosp`dt MA kt $999. Ao`s your sojtwkr`support Juee MA?

Eossy or Zirtukeey Eosse`ss?

[ukeity dkg c` eost wm`g KZDMA, k eossy doa`d, is trkgsdoaà to kgotm`reossy doa`d sudm ks H^@B-3 (MAZ or KID). Ia`keey, you wkgt KZDMAtrkgsdoaà to k virtukeey eosse`ss doa`d sudm ks Dkgopus M[, Dig`JorhDJ, ^roS`s 133, or Kvia AGxMA. Rmidm typ` oj doa`d ao`s your sojtwkr`support?

Jie` @xpkgsiog Jkdtor?

KZDMA is k v`ry `jjidi`gt doa`d. Rm`g you trkgsdoa` to otm`r doa`ds, tm`

dogv`rtà jie`s wiee c` hkgy tih`s ekrb`r. Ao`s your dohput`r mkv``goubm aisf storkb`?

Aisf Ckgawiatm S`quirà?

Qm` ekrb` jie`s r`quirà cy virtukeey eosse`ss doa`ds gkturkeey a`hkgamibm-ckgawiatm aisf syst`hs. Kt higihuh, 23>>rph ariv`s kr` r`quirà.Mow`v`r, hueti-str`kh àitigb hky r`quir` k SKIA. Ao`s your dohput`rmkv` `goubm jkst aisf storkb`?

Is kg GE@ êub-ig S`quirà?

Toh` GE@’s dkg àit KZDMA ogey ij k peub-ig is `hpeoyà. Jor `xkhpe`,tm` Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` @e`h`gts or ^r`hi`r` DT4 cugaeà witm soh` TogyZKIO dohput`rs r`quir`s ZKIO @ait Dohpog`gt :.;.

Ao`s your dkhdora`r smip witm tm` g`àà peub-igs? ZKIO @aitDohpog`gt :.; ao`s smip witm d`rtkig ZKIO dohput`rs.

@xt`rgke Ptieity S`quirà?

^r`hi`r` DT4 jor Rigaows dkg us` Dig`Jorh ^rosp`dt MA pkdfkb` tosupport KZDMA. Qmis pkdfkb` dosts kehost $;,>>>. Kr` you wieeigb to pky

tm` `xtrk dost?





S`quirà Dohput`r ôw`r

@gdoaigb viaò to KZDMA r`quir`s kehost =-tih`s hor` dohput`r pow`rtmkg `gdoaigb H^@B-3 (MAZ). Qmkgfjueey, KZDMA is kg ksyhh`tridkedoa`d. E`ss dohput`r pow`r is r`quirà to a`doa` tmkg to `gdoa`.G`v`rtmè`ss, a`doaigb KZDMA r`quir`s kcout 1] hor` dohput` pow`r

tmkg a`doaigb MAZ. Qm` ihpeidktiogs oj tmis wiee soog c` pkigjueey de`kr.

Gktiv` @aitigb

KZDMA Deip Zi`wigb

Ij you kr` usà to worfigb witm AZ or MAZ you kr` usà to cìgb kce` topeky jie`s ig tm` [uidfQih` êky`r or tm` Rigaows Hàik êky`r. C`dkus`tm`s` peky`rs mkv` go KZDMA doa`ds, you dkggot peky KZDMA deips igtm`s` peky`rs.

Dkgopus @AIPT 1.: smips witm kg KZDMA peky`r dkeeà KZDMA^SZ. Yousmouea c` kwkr` tmkt Dkgopus eists soh` v`ry sp`dijid dohput`rr`quir`h`gts to us` tmìr peky`r. You dohput`r smouea mkv` k 3.::BMz[PKA Dor` Igtè prod`ssor, 3BC oj SKH (4BC witm Zistk), kga k brkpmidsdkra witm 30:HC oj ZSKH.

Pge`ss you mkv` k dohput`r tmkt h``ts tm`s` r`quir`h`gts, shootm4>jps pekyckdf wiee got c` possice`.

Tourd` Rigaow êkyckdfIj you ao got mkv` k peky`r, you wiee g`à to us` your GE@ to pekyckdfKZDMA deips. Ig host GE@s, you dkg peky deips ig tm` Tourd` hogitor.îggkde` eists tm` skh` typ` oj dohput`r r`dohh`gaà jor tmìr Ttuaio;; kga ;3< k 3.::BMz [PKA Dor` Igtè prod`ssor, 3BC oj SKH, kga kbrkpmids dkra witm 30:HC oj ZSKH.

Qihèig` ekyckdf

Ojt`g pekyckdf jroh tm` Qihèig` is got ks jkst or ks shootm ks pekyigbdeips ig tm` Tourd` wigaow. Qm`r`jor`, you dkggot dougt og p`rj`dt

Qihèig` pekyckdf `v`g ij you b`t p`rj`dt pekyckdf jroh tm` Tourd`hogitor.





S`ketih` Deip Jiet`rs

êkyigb gktiv` KZDMA dkg us` so hudm oj your dohput`r’s pow`r tmktv`ry eitte`, ij kgy, dohput` dyde`s kr` kvkiekce` to r`ga`r jiet`r `jj`dts. Youwiee eifèy g`à to r`ga`r jiet`rs to octkig shootm pekyckdf.

S`ketih` Qrkgsitiogs

Qrkgsitiogs r`quir` two str`khs oj KZDMA to c` a`doaà, ov`r smort tihàurktiog. Ritm durr`gt, hia-pridà, Igtè prod`ssors, trkgsitiogs wiee g`àto c` r`ga`rà. @xp`gsiv` Igtè [PKA prod`ssors kr` kce` to a`doa` twostr`khs wmie` hkigtkigigb kt e`kst k higihke pekyckdf sp`à. Oj dours`,tmis r`quir`s you to eihit tm` e`gbtm oj trkgsitiogs kga r`quir`s ksopmistidktà J] r`ke-tih` r`ga`rigb `gbig`‑soh`tmigb got kee GE@ssport.

Huetipe` Ttr`khs

Qmos` wmo kr` usà to àitigb witm 1 or hor` str`khs ig r`ketih`‑wieejiga tmis typ` oj àitigb got possice` wm`g àitigb gktiv` KZDMA.

S`ga`rigb Doa`d

Ocviousey, wm`g J] kr` r`ga`rà you ao got wkgt tm`s` r`ga`rs to c`hka` to KZDMA. You wkgt r`ga`rs to c` hka` to k virtukeey eosse`ssdoa`d, ij possice`. Ij got, I-jrkh` ogey H^@B-3 is kg kdd`ptkce` optiog.MAZ is got k booa optiog c`dkus` it is eihità to ;11>x;>=>.

@xport KZDMA

Rmie` cotm AZ kga MAZ Qihèig`s w`r` v`ry ojt`g `xportà ckdf to AZkga MAZ dkhdora`rs‑tmkt is got kg optiog witm KZDMA dkhdora`rs. Jortmis r`ksog, you hibmt got tmigf you g`à tm` dkpkcieity to `xport toKZDMA. Rmie` it’s got g`d`sskry, mkvigb tmis dkpkcieity op`gs kgihportkgt MA hàik optiog jor your us`. Ij your GE@ dkg `xport KZDMA,you kr` k st`p kwky jroh curgigb KZDMA to rà-eks`r AZA curg`rs.Qm`s` MA aisds dkg c` pekyà og host, cut got kee, Ceu-rky peky`rs.





Igt`rhàikt`-doa`d @aitigb

Qrkgsdoa` KZDMA

Dkgopus

Dkgopus @AIPT 1.: smips witm kg KZDMA dogv`rt`r dkeeà KZDMA3M[.You smouea c` kwkr` tmkt Dkgopus eists soh` v`ry sp`dijid dohput`rr`quir`h`gts to us` tmìr dogv`rt`r. You dohput`r smouea mkv` k3.::BMz [PKA Dor` Igtè prod`ssor, 3BC oj SKH (4BC witm Zistk), kga kbrkpmids dkra witm 30:HC oj ZSKH.

K e`ss sopmistidktà v`rsiog oj tm` dogv`rt`r is igt`brktà igto 1.:;. I’hsur` ig k ekt`r rè`ks` tm` dkpkcieiti`s oj tm` stkga-keog` dogv`rt`r wiee cìgdeuaà witm @AIPT.

Dig`Jorh

Dig`Jorh’s ^rosp`dt MA (www.dig`jorh.doh/proaudts/Ksp`dt-^rosp`dt.mth) igdeua`s tmìr MAEigf utieity tmkt dkg c` usà to dogv`rtKZDMA to Dig`Jorh DJ Igt`rhàikt` jie`s jor us` cy ^r`hi`r`.

You’ee g`à to cuy, aowgeoka, kga igstkee Dor` KZD ktwww.dor`kvd.doh. Qm`r` kr` two v`rsiogs oj tm` Dor`KZD proaudt<Ttkgakra kga ^roj`ssiogke. Dig`Jorh r`dohh`gas tm` $;1.90^roj`ssiogke v`rsiog. You keso g`à to aowgeoka kga igstkee tm` MkkeiHàik Tpeitt`r, wmidm is kvkiekce` jor jr`` jrohmttp<//mkkei.ds.hsu.ru/hfv.

ZoetkidMA jor ^D

ZoetkidMA (www.smàworx.doh/?q8voetkidmapd) dogv`rts KZDMA jie`sigto ìtm`r RHZ or KZI jorhkt tmkt dkg c` pekyà ig tm` Rigaows Hàikêky`r kga àità ig Hidrosojt Hovi` Hkf`r, Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` ^ro DT4, orTogy Z`bks ^ro.

ZoetkidMA jor Hkd

ZoetkidMA (www.smàworx.doh/?q8voehkd-moh ) dogv`rts KZDMA jie`sigto KID. You dkg keso r`siz` ;93>x;>=> KZDMA to ;11>x;>=> KID. Ogd`

dogv`rtà, tm` jie`s dkg c` pekyà ig tm` [uidfQih` êky`r kga àità cyiHovi` MA, Jigke Dut @xpr`ss, kga Jigke Dut ^ro ruggigb og ôw`r^DHkds. ZoetkidMA jor Hkd is k Pgiv`rske kppeidktiog.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;>:

Dogv`rt 0>i/:>i to 31p, 30p, kga 4>p

Aìgt`rekd` ;>=> 0>i/:>i to ;>=> 30p/4>p

Rmie` it’s possice` witm host GE@s to sihpey arop 0>i/:>i viaò deips igto k30p/4>p tihèig`, you g`à to r`h`hc`r tmkt `kdm jrkh` dogtigu`s todkrry 0>- or :>-jièas‑jièas tmkt w`r` dkpturà ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`dogakpkrt. Qmus, tm` 0>i/:>i deips wiee dogtigu` to `xmicit igt`rekd` krtijkdtswm`g`v`r tm`r` is hotiog witmig jrkh`s. Jor tmis r`ksog, you smoueaaìgt`rekd` your 0>i/:>i viaò to 30p/4>p.

Toh` GE@s keeow to r`-dekssijy k deip jroh igt`rekd` to probr`ssiv`. Ij yourGE@ supports tmis dkpkcieity you g`à to c` sur` it is got sihpeyaisdkraigb ket`rgkt` jièas kga eig`-aouceigb tm` r`hkigigb jièa. It isihportkgt tmkt hotiog kakptiv` aìgt`rekdigb is usà.

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:>i to;>=>p31

Dogv`rtigb :>i viaò to 31p is got aìgt`rekdigb. Aìgt`rekdigb sihpey

dmkgb`s igt`rekd` to probr`ssiv` viaò‑it ao`s got dmkgb` jrkh`-rkt`s.Rm`g you g`à 31p viaò jor us` ig k 31p tihèig`, you hust us`sojtwkr` tmkt p`rjorhs ―stkgakras dogv`rsiog.‘ Qmis sojtwkr` wiee ugpkdf:>-jièas (09.91) kga r`pkdf tm`h ks 31-jrkh`s (34.9=).

Dogv`rt ;>=> 0>i/:>i to 23>p30/23>p4>

Togy’s @]; kga @]4 support smootigb kt 23>p30/23>p4>, tmus you hkyg`à to igt`rdut TS/D] jootkb` smot kt ;>=>i0> or ;>=>i:>.

Dogv`rt ;>=> 0>i/:>i to 23>p0>/23>p:>

Togy’s @]; kga @]4 support smootigb kt 23>p0>/23>p:>, tmus you hkyg`à to igt`rdut TS/D] jootkb` smot kt ;>=>i0> or ;>=>i:>.

Dogv`rt ;>=> :>i to 23>p31

Togy’s @]; kga @]4 support smootigb kt 23>p31, tmus you hky g`à toigt`rdut TS/D] jootkb` smot kt ;>=>i0> or ;>=>i:>. Qm`r`jor`, you wieeg`à to stkgakras dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to 23>p31.

Psigb kg Igt`rhàikt` Doa`d

C`dkus` MAZ douea so `ksiey c` gktivèy àità, tm` dogd`pt oj pr`-àit

dogv`rtigb your sourd` jootkb` hka` eitte` s`gs`. Mow`v`r, ij you kr`àitigb witm OT ] kppeidktiogs, your KZDMA deips wiee ker`kay mkv` c``gdogv`rtà to KID or ^roS`s 133. Qm`s` deips dkg `ksiey mkv` tmìr jrkh`-rkt`s dogv`rtà.

Pga`r wigaows, Dig`Jorh’s MAEigf wiee p`rjorh s`v`rke typ`s oj dogv`rsiogs aurigb tm` dogv`rsiog oj KZDMA to tmìr DJ doa`d.





@AIPT ao`s got support dogv`rsiogs aurigb tm` ihport oj KZDMA.Mow`v`r, you dkg dr`kt` k ;>=>p31 ^rol`dt, jiee tm` Qihèig` witm ;>=>i:>deips, kga tm`g S`ga`r tm` Qihèig` to dogjorh tm` deips. @AIPT ao`s gotmkv` ^rol`dt pr`s`ts jor ;>=>p30 kga ;>=>p4>.

Your GE@ hky support cktdm dogv`rsiog oj igt`rhàikt` doa`d sourd`deips to kgotm`r jrkh` jrkh`-rkt`. Ij your GE@ supports tmis dkpkcieity,you g`à to c` sur` tmkt aìgt`rekdigb is p`rjorhà usigb hotiogkakptiv` aìgt`rekdigb. Eif`wis`, wm`g dogv`rtigb :>i to 31p, tru`stkgakras dogv`rsiog hust c` ihpe`h`gtà.

Dmkpt`r = a`sdric`s mow to p`rjorh tm`s` pr`-àit tksfs.

Aìgt`rekdigb @xpekigà

Jièa/Eig` Aouceigb (coc) aouce`s tm` guhc`r oj eig`s ig `kdm r`hkigigb

jièa kjt`r ket`rgkt` jièas kr` aisdkraà. Rmie` v`rtidke r`soeutiog is eihità to01>-eig`s, jièa aouceigb mks go proce`hs dkusà cy hovigb ocl`dts.Mow`v`r, tm` lkbbi`s tmkt kpp`kr og aikbogkes hust c` jiet`rà-out. Qm` r`suetis k sygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` b`g`rktà `v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga.

R`kv` dohcig`s oaa-eig`s jroh tm` durr`gt jrkh` witm tm` `v`g-eig`s jrohtm` pr`vious jrkh` igto k ;>=>-eig` ―jrkh`.‘ G`xt, `v`g-eig`s ig tm` durr`gt

jrkh` kr` wov`g witm oaa-eig`s ig tm` durr`gt jrkh` igto k ;>=>-eig`-jrkh`.Qmus, k sygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` is dr`ktà `kdm jièa tih`. Qm` r`suet is ksygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` b`g`rktà `v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. Dohcigbog hovigb ocl`dts hust c` jiet`rà out.

Kakptiv` is tm` c`st optiog ks it us`s R`kv` jor stiees kga jièa aouceigb jor

hotiog. It r`quir`s hotiog-s`gsigb eobid to a`t`rhig` tm` pr`s`gd` oj hotiog.Qm` r`suet is k sygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` b`g`rktà `v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm

s`doga.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;>=

Dogg`dt tm` Togy Dkhdora`r

;. ôw`r-ojj tm` dkhdora`r

3. Dogg`dt tm` dkhdora`r to your dohput`r witm k PTC dkce`

4. ôw`r-og tm` dkhdora`r1. K sdr``g wiee pop-up og tm` dkhdora`r’s EDA witm jour optiogs

0. Qkp tm` PTC DOGG@DQ cuttog

:. K GO GKH@ idog wiee c` hougtà og your OT ] a`sftop or witmigtm` Rigaows’s Dohput`r idog.

2. Gow ekugdm tm` sojtwkr` you wiee c` usigb

Kjt`r Ihport is Dohpe`t`

;. Arkb tm` GO GKH@ idog to tm` Qrksm or deidf S`hov` A`vid`.

3. Aisdogg`dt tm` PTC dkce` jroh your dohput`r

4. Qkp @GA og tm` dkhdora`r’s EDA

1. Qurg-ojj tm` dkhdora`r





OT ] Tojtwkr`

KZDMA dkggot c` àità gktivèy witm kgy OT ] kppeidktiog.

You dkg `xport KID or ^roS`s 133 to Qokst 9 uga`r OT ](www.roxio.doh/`gu/proaudts/tokst/titkgiuh/ov`rvi`w.mthe?bdeia8D^qysOj@u0[DJ

[OIJ[oa=PZ-PK). Qokst 9 supports curgigb KZDMA kga Ceu-rky aisds.Ketmoubm tm`r` is go wky to peky k Ceu-rky aisd og k Hkd, Qokst is kce` topekyckdf tm` KZDMA aisds you curg. Qokst 9 ao`s got support h`gus.

Pga`r ^krkeeès or Cootdkhp, Dorè’s AZA Hovi` Jkdtory : êus(www.dorè.doh/s`rve`t/Tktèeit`/us/`g/^roaudt/;;249:02>>==9?trfia8avsàia&trfia

80:;>:413 - v`rsiogQkcvi`w8tkc;&tkcvi`w8) supports curgigb H^@B-3 Ceu-rky kga MA AZA aisds witm or witmout h`gus.

You dkg keso curg k ―4] AZA‘ rà-eks`r aisd. Qmis H^@B-3 cksà MA aisddkg c` pekyà ig cotm Ceu-rky kga MA AZA peky`rs. Qm` sojtwkr`,

mow`v`r, ao`s got support curgigb rà-eks`r KZDMA aisds.

@xport jroh OT ] kppeidktiogs usigb tm` H-L^@B K doa`d c`dkus` witm[uidfQih` igstkeeà og your Rigaows syst`h, you wiee c` kce` to ihportyour H-L^@B K hovi` igto AZA Hovi` Jkdtory : êus.

Kppe` iHovi` >:

iHovi` >: dkggot ihport KZDMA, `v`g og kg Igtè Hkd. It dkg, mow`v`r,ihport kga àit ;11>x;>=> KID jie`s, Qm`r`jor`, us` ZoetkidMA(mttp<//smàworx.doh/?q8voehkd-moh`) to dogv`rt ;93>x;>=> or ;11>x;>=>

KZDMA to ;11>x;>=> KID.

Kppe` JD@

Jigke Dut @xpr`ss MA 4.0.; kga Jigke Dut @xpr`ss 1 dkg ihport kga àit;11>x;>=> KID jie`s. Qm`r`jor`, us` ZoetkidMA(mttp<//smàworx.doh/?q8voehkd-moh`) to dogv`rt ;93>x;>=> or ;11>x;>=>KZDMA to ;11>x;>=> KID.

Kppe` JD^ 0.;.1

Jigke Dut ^ro 0.;.1 dkg ihport kga àit ;11>x;>=> KID jie`s. Qm`r`jor`,us` ZoetkidMA (mttp<//smàworx.doh/?q8voehkd-moh`) to dogv`rt ;93>x;>=>or ;11>x;>=> KZDMA to ;11>x;>=> KID.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;;>

Kppe` Jigke Dut ^ro :.>.;

Jigke Dut ^ro :.>.;, ruggigb og kg Igtè Hkd, dkg ihport KZDMA jie`susigb its Eob kga Qrkgsj`r jugdtiog. Ij you ao got mkv` kg Igtè Hkd,us` ZoetkidMA (mttp<//smàworx.doh/?q8voehkd-moh`) to dogv`rt ;93>x;>=>to ;93>x;>=> ^roS`s 133 or to ;93>x;>=> KID.

Ij you mkv` tm` aisf spkd`, ^roS`s 133 is tm` c`tt`r dmoid` c`dkus` oj itsc`tt`r qukeity kga, ij you mkv` k pow`rjue Hkd, c`tt`r r`ketih` pekyckdf.KID is tm` c`tt`r dmoid` ij you kr` usigb k ekptop.

Go hktt`r wmidm you doa`d you sè`dt, tm` T`qu`gd` doa`d hust c`^roS`s 133.

KZDMA 0.; kuaio is kutohktidkeey hixà aowg to ―hktrix‘ st`rò tmkt dkgàità kga `xportà ks st`rò. Rm`g you peky k hktrix kuaio tmroubm kAoecy ^ro Eobid a`doa`r it wiee output jrogt-e`jt, d`gt`r, kga jrogt-ribmt,peus k hogo surrouga dmkggè speit c`tw``g two r`kr sp`kf`rs.

You dkg trkgsj`r KZDMA to ;93>x;>=> ^roS`s 133 or to ;93>x;>=> KID.

You dkg dmoos` tm` a`stigktiog doa`d ig tm` Eob kga Qrkgsj`r wigaow’s^r`j`r`gd`s.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;;;

^r`vi`w oj KZDMA viaò ig tm` Eob kga Qrkgsj`r wigaow is eihità to ;]

jorwkra pekyckdf. Tdruccigb tm` pekym`ka ao`s got upakt` tm` viaò igtm` ^r`vi`w hogitor ugtie you stop sdruccigb. KZDMA jie`s kr` trkgsj`rràks `gtir` jie`s jroh c`biggigb to `ga. It is got possice` to s`t Ig kga Outpoigts c`jor` trkgsj`rrigb tm` deips.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;;3

Ij you peky k deip tmkt is tm` s`doga or sucs`qu`gt s`bh`gt oj k spkggàdeip, tm`r` hky c` k cri`j s`dtiog oj cekdf viaò ks pekyckdf c`bigs. Kjt`rcìgb trkgsj`rrà to tm` Crows`r, soh` oj tm` deips jroh spkggà deips(sp`dijidkeey, tm` s`doga kga sucs`qu`gt s`bh`gts) hky mkv` seibmteyaijj`r`gt Hàik Ttkrt kga Aurktiog tih`s tmkg igaidktà ig tm` Eob kgaQrkgsj`r wigaow. Qmkgfjueey, your deips smouea kewkys dogtkig seibmtey

hor` totke hàik tmkg igaidktà, ks opposà to e`ss.Deidf tm` Kaa Tè`dtiog to [uù` or Kaa Deip to [P@P@ cuttog topekd` k deip igto tm` ihport quù`.

Qrkgsj`r kga dogv`rsiog jroh your dkhdora`r is kutohktidkeey p`rjorhàig tm` ckdfbrouga. Ao got deos` tm` Eob kga Qrkgsj`r wigaow ugtie keedeips mkv` c``g ihportà.

Kpproxihktèy og` mkej s`doga oj kuaio hky c` sie`gt kt tm` tkie `ga oj keecut tm` ekst deips ig k spkggà KZDMA deip. Qm` kuaio wiee c` pr`s`gt igtm` ràugakgt s`dtiog kt tm` c`biggigb oj tm` g`xt deip s`bh`gt oj tmktspkggà deip.





Kppe` iHovi` >=iHovi` >= wiee ihport KZDMA ogey ij your Hkd mks kg Igtè prod`ssor. Ij your Hkd us`s k ^^D dmip, joeeow tmis eigf (mttp<//smàworx.doh/?q8voehkd-

moh`) to e`krg kcout tm` ZoetkidMA kppeidktiog tmkt dogv`rts KZDMA toKID og k ^^D Hkd.

Mkraaisf Ihport

Dogg`dt your dkhdora`r to your Hkd witm k PTC dkce`. ôw`r-og tm`dkhdora`r. Joeeow tm` igstrudtiogs jor your dkhdora`r to e`krg mow to`stkceism k PTC trkgsj`r. Ij iHovi` >= r`dobgiz`s tm` dkhdora`r, joea`rs,

kga viaò jie` typ`s, it wiee kuto-op`g its Ihport Qooe.

TA Dkra Ihport

TA dkras dkg c` igs`rtà igto kg PTC-cksà dkra r`ka`r dogg`dtà toyour Hkd or you dkg us` your dkhdora`r ks k r`ka`r. Igs`rt kg TA dkrakga dogg`dt r`ka`r or dkhdora`r vik k PTC dkce` to your Hkd. ôw`r-ogtm` dkhdora`r. Joeeow tm` igstrudtiogs jor your dkhdora`r to e`krg mow to`stkceism k PTC trkgsj`r. Ij iHovi` >= r`dobgiz`s tm` dkhdora`r, joea`rs,kga viaò jie` typ`s, it wiee kuto-op`g its Ihport Qooe.





IHovi` >= Ihport Qooe

You dkg pr`vi`w k deip cy deidfigb og it kga tm`g deidfigb .

Qo sfip to tm` pr`vious deip, deidf .

Qo sfip to tm` g`xt deip, deidf .

Ij you wkgt to ihport kee tm` deips, s`e`dt Kutohktid kga deidf tm`

Ihport Kee cuttog to c`big tm` ihport.





Ij tm`r` kr` deips you got wkgt to ihport k deip, sè`dt Hkguke. Gowugdm`df tm` deips you ao got wkgt.

Deidf tm` Ihport Dm`dfà cuttog to c`big tm` ihport. (Qo r`dm`df keedeips, deidf tm` Dm`df Kee cuttog.)

Ij you ao got wkgt kgy oj tm` deips to c` ihportà, deidf tm` Aog` cuttog.

Ekrb` or Juee Twitdm

Qm` Ekrb` or Juee switdm pekys go roe` ig ihportigb AZ, H^@B-;,stkgakra a`jigitiog H^@B-3, stkgakra a`jigitiog H^@B-1, or ^robrkh

Ttr`kh H^@B-3.

Rm`g tm` switdm is s`t to Ekrb`, ;11>x;>=> or ;93>x;>=> jie`s usigbtm` KZDMA doa`d kr` aowgsdkeà aurigb ihport to 9:>x01>. Cy usigb

tmis optiog, ihportà aisf jie`s kr` ràudà to og`-qukrt`r tmìr oribigkesiz`. Qm` r`quirà aisf trkgsj`r rkt` wm`g àitigb is keso ràudà cy

og`-qukrt`r.

Jor tm`s` r`ksogs, Ekrb` hky c` k booa optiog jor you‑ij you ogeypekg to `xport TA viaò or pekg to peky your viaò usigb Kppe` QZ.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;;:

Rm`g tm` switdm is s`t to Juee, ;11>x;>=> or ;93>x;>=> KZDMA jie`skr` igput ks ;11>x;>=> or ;93>x;>=> jie`s. Cy usigb tmis optiog, tm`

juee ;11>- or ;93>-pixè morizogtke r`soeutiog oj your sourd` viaò ishkigtkigà.

Rm`g you dkptur` ks Juee, you wiee s`` tmis wkrgigb.

Qmis is kg igaidktiog tmkt tm` guhc`r oj pixès tmkt hust c` mkgaeà ig

r`ke-tih` is so ekrb` tmkt wm`g you pekyckdf viaò ig iHovi`, it hky gotpeky shootmey. It ao`s got h`kg tmkt wm`g you `xport viaò, it wieemkv` a`brkaà qukeity.

Kjt`r you deidf Ihport Kee or Ihport Dm`dfà, you wiee s`` tm`joeeowigb.

You dkg dmoos` kg igt`rgke or kg `xt`rgke mkraariv`.

You dkg ihport deips igto kg `xistigb @v`gt or dr`kt` k g`w @v`gt.

Deidf tm` OF cuttog. Qm` jie`s wiee c` ihportà kga tmuhcgkies b`g`rktà.Qmis dkg tkf` k eogb tih`, `sp`dikeey witm KZDMA.





Rm`g tm` ihport is dohpe`t`, you wiee s`` tmis h`sskb`. Ritm kg Igtè3.44BMz Dor` 3 Auo, ;-mour oj KZDMA r`quirà 3-mours to ihport peus ;-mour to dr`kt` tmuhcgkies. Horòv`r, ;-mour c`dkh` :>BC oj KID.

Deidf OF.

Deidf tm` Aog` cuttog.

Ij you wkgt to pr`vi`w deips, you dkg ao tmis ig iHovi` >=. Pgdf`df tm`deips you ao got wkgt to ihport.

Ij wiee c` pkssigb tm` ihportà deips to ^r`hi`r` DT4 or Kvia HàikDohpos`r, you kr` gow jigismà witm iHovi` >=.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;;=

Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` DT4

Ps` iHovi` >= to ihport ;93>x;>=> KZDMA deips kga dogv`rt tm`h to;93>x;>=> KID deips. Qm`g ekugdm ^r`hi`r` kga dmoos` tm` ]ADKH @]M[ s`ttigb ks smowg c`eow.

Ihport dogv`rt`a KID jroh tm` kpproprikt` joea`r witmig tm` iHovi`@v`gts joea`r.





You dkg pr`vi`w tm`s` deips kga hov` to tm` tihèig`.

You dkg `xport to k vkri`ty oj doa`ds, jor `xkhpe` KID. Rmie` you dkggot`xport KZDMA jroh witmig ^r`hi`r`, you dkg `xport your hovi` to Kaoc`@gdor` DT4 tmkt dkg c` usà to curg Ceu-rky aisds‑cut got KZDMA rà-eks`r aisds.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;3>




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;3;

Kvia H`aik Dohpos`r

Ps` iHovi` >= to ihport ;93>x;>=> KZDMA deips kga dogv`rt tm`h to;93>x;>=> KID deips. Qm`g ekugdm H`aik Dohpos`r kga dr`kt` k g`w;>=>/0>i or ;>=>/:>i ^rol`dt.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;33

Ihport dogv`rtà KID jroh tm` kpproprikt` joea`r witmig tm` iHovi`@v`gts joea`r. Dogv`rt to AGxMA ;10 H]J or AGxMA QS33> H]J. Qmìhport to H]J wiee r`quir` hor` aisf spkd`.

Rm`g kee deips mkv` c``g ihportà, you dkg aè`t` tm` jie`s ig tm` iHovi`

@v`gts joea`r.





You smouea s`t kee H`aik Dr`ktiog optiogs to AGxMA ;10 H]J or AGxMAQS33> H]J.

You dkg pr`vi`w tm`s` deips kga hov` tm`h to tm` tih`eig`.

You dkg `xport to k vkri`ty oj [uidfQih` doa`ds, jor `xkhpe` KID,AGxMA ;10 H]J, or AGxMA QS33> H]J.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;3:

Rigaows Tojtwkr`

Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` DT4

Ij you owg k Togy ZKIO dohput`r witm tm` ZKIO @ait Dohpog`gt :.; orekt`r, you dkg àit KZDMA jie`s jroh Togy KZDMA dkh`rks air`dtey ig

^r`hi`r` @e`h`gts or ^r`hi`r` ^ro DT4. Qo s`` ij your ZIKO dohput`r issupportà, s``< mttp<//www.sogy-ksik.doh/support/aowgeoka/31>41>/proaudt/vbg-tz42sg?sit`8mp_`g_K^_i.

Qm` c`st KZDMA soeutiog jor ^r`hi`r` is Dig`Jorh’s ^rosp`dt MA. Qm`Dig`Jorh pkdfkb` igdeua`s tm` MAEigf utieity tmkt dogv`rts KZDMA toDig`Jorh Igt`rhàikt` jie`s. (Og` oj tm` ihportkgt j`ktur`s oj ^rosp`dtMA is its kcieity to r`hov` 3-4 pueeaowg jroh Dkgog’s 31p viaò.)

Kjt`r dogv`rsiog, you dkg ihport tm` jie`s igto ^r`hi`r`.





Qm` Dig`Jorh pkdfkb` igdeua`s k r`ga`r `gbig` jor Dig`Jorh DJIgt`rhàikt` jie`s. Qm` r`ga`r `gbig` supports huetipe` str`kh oj MAviaò witm r`ketih` `jj`dts.

Kaoc` @gdor` supports curgigb Ceu-rky aisds usigb H^@B-3 or M.3:1.Curgigb rà-eks`r KZDMA is got supportà.

Dorè’s AZA Hovi` Jkdtory : êus(www.dorè.doh/s`rve`t/Tktèeit`/us/`g/^roaudt/;;249:02>>==9?trfia8avsàia&trfia


You dkg keso curg k ―4] AZA‘ rà-eks`r aisd. Qmis H^@B-3 cksà MA aisddkg c` pekyà ig cotm Ceu-rky kga MA AZA peky`rs. Qm` sojtwkr`,mow`v`r, ao`s got support curgigb rà-eks`r KZDMA aisds.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;3=

Dkgopus @AIPT 1.:;

@AIPT 1.:;, or mibm`r,(mttp<//a`sftop.tmohsogbrkssvkee`y.doh/proaudts/@AIPT^ro/iga`x.pmp)provia`s tmr`` KZDMA rèktà dohpog`gts< KZDMA^SZ, KZDMA3M[, kga@AIPT 1.:;.

KZDMA^SZ

Qmis utieity wiee pekyckdf KZDMA jie`s. Rm`g you aouce`-deidf og tm`probrkh idog, you wiee s`` tmis aikeob cox.

You wiee wkgt to sè`dt ―3dm (Aowg Hix)‘ wmidm wiee tèe tm` probrkh tooutput st`rò ^DH kuaio. Dkgopus wkrgs<

Op`g tm` dkhdora`r’s hàik-ariv` kga tm`g op`g tm` KZDMA joea`r. Ig it,you wiee jiga tm` CAHZ joea`r ig wmidm you’ee jiga tm` TQS@KH joea`r.

Qm` .HQT jie`s wiee c` ig tm` TQS@KH joea`r. Arkb og` or hor` KZDMA

jie`s ogto tm` KZDMA^SZ idog.





KZDMA3M[

Qmis utieity wiee dogv`rt KZDMA jie`s to Dkgopus M[ doa`d jie`s. Rm`g youaouce`-deidf og tm` probrkh idog, you wiee s`` tmis aikeob cox.

You wiee wkgt to sè`dt ―3dm (Aowg Hix)‘ wmidm wiee tèe tm` probrkh tooutput st`rò ^DH kuaio. Dkgopus wkrgs<

Tè`dt wm`r` tm` M[ jie`s smouea c` storà. Deidf OF.

Arkb og` or hor` KZDMA jie`s jroh tm` TQS@KH joea`r ogto tm`KZDMA3M[ idog.

$ Ao got ribmt-deidf ihport witm Dogv`rt witm KZDMA3M[.





Ogd` you deidf OF, k probr`ss cox kpp`krs.

K 04-s`doga, ;>2HC deip wiee c`doh` k ::2BC M[ jie`. Dogv`rsiogr`quir`s s`v`rke higut`s dohpkrà to ogey s`dogas r`quirà cy gktiv`KZDMA àitors.

@AIPT 1.:;Durr`gtey, tm` KZDMA ihport jugdtiog ig @AIPT ao`s got p`rjorh ks wèeks tm` KZDMA3M[ utieity. Rm`g @AIPT is upaktà witm k c`tt`r ihport`r,you wiee c` kce` to ihport KZDMA jroh witmig @AIPT.

Ig tm` Cig wigaow, deidf tm` Kaa Jie` cuttog.





Ig tm` Op`g Jie` wigaow, op`g tm` dkhdora`r’s hàik-ariv` kga tm`gop`g tm` KZDMA joea`r. Ig it, you’ee jiga tm` CAHZ joea`r ig wmidm you wieejiga tm` TQS@KH joea`r. Dmoos` tm` KZDMA jie`s to ihport kga dogv`rt totm` M[ doa`d. Deidf Op`g.

You dkg us` Dkgopus ^roDoa`r to dr`kt` Ceu-rky aisds tmkt us` tm` H^@B-3 doa`d.



You dkg keso curg k ―4] AZA‘ rà-eks`r aisd. Qmis H^@B-3 cksà MA aisddkg c` pekyà ig cotm Ceu-rky kga MA AZA peky`rs. Qm` sojtwkr`,

mow`v`r, ao`s got support curgigb rà-eks`r KZDMA aisds.





Dyc`rEigf ôw`rAir`dtor 2 Petrk

Dyc`rEigf ôw`rAir`dtor 2(www.dyc`reigf.doh/hueti/proaudts/[email protected]) Petrk dkg ihportcotm ;11>x;>=> kga ;93>x;>=> KZDMA lust ks it ao`s AZ kga MAZ.Arkb aowg Ihport Hàik kga sè`dt Ihport k Hàik Joea`r.

Ig tm` Crows` jor Joea`r wigaow, op`g tm` dkhdora`r’s hàik-ariv`kga tm`g op`g tm` KZDMA joea`r. Ig it, you’ee jiga tm` CAHZ joea`r igwmidm you wiee jiga tm` TQS@KH joea`r. Tè`dt tm` TQS@KH joea`r kga deidfOF.





@aitigb is p`rjorh`a usigb gktiv` KZDMA jie`s, wmidm h`kgs kgytmigb cutduts-ogey `aitigb wiee c` v`ry seow.

Ij you wkgt to `xport your hovi`, deidf tm` ^roaud` cuttog.

Deidf tm` Dr`kt` k Jie` idog kga tm`g deidf G`xt.





Deidf tm` KZD.H^@B-1 idog kga tm`g deidf G`xt.

Dyc`rEigf ôw`rAir`dtor 2 Petrk dkg dr`kt` KZDMA rà-eks`r AZAs ks wèeks Ceu-rky AZAs. KD4 0.; is supportà, ks kr` AZAs witm or witmouth`gus.

Dyc`rEigf ôw`rAir`dtor 2 Petrk supports Thkrt S`ga`rigb tmktèihigkt`s tm` g`à to r`ga`r KZDMA jrkh`s wm`r` go J] mkv` c``g

kppeià. Qmis j`ktur` dkg arkhktidkeey a`dr`ks` `xport tih`. Jor `xkhpe`,jroh ov`r kg mour to kcout 4-higut`s.





îggkde` Ttuaio ;; kga ;3

îggkde` Ttuaio ;; kga Ttuaio ;3(www.piggkde`sys.doh/ûceidTit`/us/^roaudts/Dogsuh`r+^roaudts/Moh`+Ziaò/Ttuaio+Jkhiey/) dkg ihport KZDMA ks tmoubm it w`r` kgy otm`rviaò jie` og r`hovkce` hàik.

Issu` tm` Jie` 7 Ihport Hàik jroh A`vid` dohhkga. Tè`dt tm`dkhdora`r’s hàik-ariv` ks tm` Tourd`. Ig tm` Op`g Jie` wigaow, dm`dfTmow viaò kga dm`df Qmuhcgkies. Rkit jor tm` tmuhcgkies to kpp`kr.Gow, dmoos` tm` KZDMA jie`s to ihport kga tm`g deidf Ihport.





îggkde` àits KZDMA gktivèy wmidm h`kgs tmkt `v`g witm kg Igtè [ukador` prod`ssor àitigb p`rjorhkgd` wiee c` poor. Kee J] hust c`r`ga`rà‑k prod`ss tmkt tkf`s pekd` ig tm` ckdfbrouga.

îggkde` supports tm` ihport, àitigb, hixigb, kga `xport oj KD4 0.;surrouga souga.

îggkde` mks tm` ugiqu` dkpkcieity oj `xportigb KZDMA jroh tm` tihèig`to ìtm`r rà-eks`r or Ceu`-rky aisds. AZAs dkg c` curgà witm or witmouth`gus.





Togy Z`bks =.>c

Togy Z`bks =.>c (www.sogydr`ktiv`sojtwkr`.doh/v`bkspro) dkg ihportìtm`r ;11>x;>=> or ;93>x;>=> KZDMA.

Tè`dt tm` ^rol`dt Hàik tkc. Deidf tm` Ihport Hàik… cuttog kga tm`crows` to tm` dkhdora`r’s hàik-ariv` kga tm`g op`g tm` KZDMA joea`r.

Ig it, you’ee jiga tm` CAHZ joea`r ig wmidm you wiee jiga tm` TQS@KH joea`r.Qm` .HQT jie`s wiee c` ig tm` TQS@KH joea`r. Tè`dt tm` KZDMA jie`s youwkgt to ihport. Deidf Op`g.

Z`bks = dkg àit KZDMA gktivèy. Mow`v`r, `v`g witm kg Igtè 3.::BMzquka dor`, àitigb p`rjorhkgd` is got br`kt. Jor `xkhpe`, kjt`r doeordorr`dtiog wks kppeià to k deip, pekyckdf wks ogey =jps. Aurigb k 3-s`doga dross-aissoev`, pekyckdf aroppà to kcout :jps. G`v`rtmè`ss,Z`bks wks k jkr c`tt`r p`rjorh`r tmkg w`r` îggkde` kga ôw`rAir`dtor 2Petrk. ôw`rAir`dtor 2 Petrk wks tm` worst p`rjorh`r.





Ketmoubm you dkggot `xport KZDMA to k rà eks`r aisf jroh tm` Qihèig`,you dkg `xport M.3:1 jor upeokaigb to @xposur`Sooh.doh. Issu` Jie` 7S`ga`r Ks….

AZA Krdmit`dt ^ro 0 dkg kutmor k mibm-a`jigitiog Ceu-rky aisd dohpe`t`witm juee hotiog cuttogs, hotiog h`gus, sd`g` sè`dtiog h`gus, suctite`s,kga ket`rgkt` viaò kga kuaio trkdfs.



You dkg keso curg k ―4] AZA‘ rà-eks`r aisd. Qmis H^@B-3 cksà MA aisddkg c` pekyà ig cotm Ceu-rky kga MA AZA peky`rs. Qm` sojtwkr`,mow`v`r, ao`s got support curgigb rà-eks`r KZDMA aisds.





Dkhdora`r MAHI Output

Rm`g kg MAHI dkce` is igitikeey dogg`dtà to kgotm`r a`vid`, tm`trkgshitt`r r`kas k s`rike @@^SOH h`hory a`vid` (@AIA) ig tm` hogitorto octkig tm` aispeky’s dkpkcieiti`s. Ij tm` mkgasmkf` a`t`rhig`s tmkt tmà`vid` dkg kdd`pt ;>=>i‑tm`g ;>=>i is s`gt. Ij tm` mkgasmkf` a`t`rhig`s

tmkt tm` a`vid` dkg ogey kdd`pt 1=>i/02:i‑tm`g 1=>i/02:i is s`gt.

Rm`g tm` MAHI dmip s`gs`s tmkt kg MAHI igt`rjkd` kdd`pts ogey 23>pviaò‑ìtm`r 23>p0> or 23>p:> is s`gt. Ig tmis dks`, tm` MAHI dmipaowgsdke`s ;11> to ;3=> wmie` it up-sdke`s 01> to 23>. Qm` r`suet is23>p0> or 23>p:>, wmidm is output vik MAHI.

Dkptur` vik MAHI

Cekdfhkbid’s ^DI` Igt`gsity (www.cekdfhkbid-a`sibg.doh/proaudts/igt`gsity) dkra dkg dkptur` ;93>x;>=> viaò peus

aibitke st`rò kuaio jroh tm` dkhdora`r’s MAHI port. You dkg dkpturùgdohpr`ssà 1<3<3, =-cit aibitke viaò jroh tm` MAHI port wmie`smootigb‑tm`r`cy kvoiaigb KZDMA dohpr`ssiog‑or 1<3<>, =-cit aibitkeviaò kjt`r smootigb, wmidm `gkce`s tm` r`ke-tih` dkptur` oj KZDMAdohpr`ssà viaò.

Igt`gsity is supportà cy Jigke Dut ^ro, Kjt`r @jj`dts, ^motosmop, Tmkf`,Hotiog, iAZA, AZA Ttuaio ^ro, kga Rigaows dohpktice` ^r`hi`r` ^ro,Kjt`r @jj`dts, ^motosmop, kga @gdor` AZA.



Dmkpt`r =< ;>=>i to 31p, 30p, kga 4>p


Dmkpt`r =< ;>=>i to 31p, 30p, kga4>p

" Tmoot ;>=>i0>‑dogv`rt to ;>=>p30 jor àitigb.

" Tmoot ;>=>i:>‑dogv`rt to ;>=>p31 jor àitigb.

" Tmoot ;>=>i:>‑dogv`rt to ;>=>p4> jor àitigb.

" Tmoot ;>=>i0>‑dogv`rt to 23>p30 jor àitigb.

" Tmoot ;>=>i:>‑dogv`rt to 23>p31 jor àitigb.

" Tmoot ;>=>i:>‑dogv`rt to 23>p4> jor àitigb.

Qm`s` optiogs us` stkgakras dogv`rsiog sojtwkr`.

" Tmoot kga àit ;>=>i0>‑prod`ss jor k jieh eoof.

" Tmoot kga àit ;>=>i:>‑prod`ss jor k jieh eoof.

Qm`s` optiogs us` ―jieh eoof‘ sojtwkr`.

" Tmoot kga àit ;>=>i:>‑jor dogv`rsiog to ;>=>p31.

" Tmoot kga àit ;>=>i0>‑jor dogv`rsiog to ;>=>p30.

Qm`s` optiogs us` stkgakras dogv`rsiog sojtwkr`.

" Tmoot kga àit ;>=>i0>‑jor dogv`rsiog to 23>p30.

" Tmoot kga àit ;>=>i:>‑jor dogv`rsiog to 23>p4p.

MA hovi`s dkg c` pekyà og k ^D, Hkd, or upeokaà to tm` R`c.





^r`-àit Dogv`rsiog oj ;>=>i to ^robr`ssiv`

L@T Aìgt`rekd`r 4.4.; (www.xs1kee.ge/~l`sdmot/moh`.mthe) is k jr``wkr` OT] kppeidktiog tmkt dkg p`rjorh stkgakras dogv`rsiog. Kjt`r igstkeeigb L@T,stkrt tm` kppeidktiog.

Op`g ^r`j`r`gd`s.! Tè`dt tm` B`g`rke tkc.

! Jor hkxihuh rèikcieity, s`t Hkxihuh guhc`r to ―;‘ or ―3.‘

! T`t tm` otm`r it`hs ks smowg cèow, e`jt.

! Tè`dt tm` Jie` tkc. T`t tm` it`hs ks smowg cèow, ribmt.

! Tè`dt tm` Dohpr`ssor tkc. T`t tm` it`hs ks smowg cèow.





Dogv`rt ;>=>i0> to ;>=>p30 or ;>=>i:> to ;>=>p4>

Tè`dt tm` Igput tkc.

! Deidf tm` Dmoos`… cuttog.

! Tè`dt tm` jie`s to c` dogv`rtà. Deidf Dmoos`.





! Dogjirh tmkt Qop jièa jirst (ig) is dm`dfà.

! Dogjirh tmkt ^robr`ssiv` (ig) is got dm`dfà.

! Dogjirh tmkt Ziaò rkgb` is dm`dfà.

Tè`dt tm` ^rol`dt tkc.

! Tè`dt Ttkgakras Dogv`rsiog.

! Tè`dt Dustoh.

! @gt`r Mìbmt to ;>=>.

! @gt`r Riatm to ;93>.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` rkt` to 30.>> or 39.92.

! Dogjirh Hovi` Tp`à is ;.>>>.

! Dogjirh Higihke Ce`ga is s`t.





T`e`dt tm` Output tkc.

! Teowey deidf twid` og @xport< [uidfQih` Hovi`.

! Deidf tm` T`ttigbs… cuttog.

! T`e`dt tm` KID or ^roS`s 133 M[ doa`d.

! Deidf OF.! Deidf tm` Tiz`… cuttog.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` siz` to MA ;93> x ;>=> ;:<9.

! Deidf OF.





! Deidf OF.

! Dogjirh tmkt probr`ssiv` (out) is dm`df`a.

! Dogjirh kee Qkrb`t vkeu`s kr` z`ro.

! Deidf tm` OF cuttog to c`big tm` dogv`rsiog.





Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to ;>=>p31


! Deidf tm` S`hov` lkbbi`s cuttog.












! T`e`dt Dustoh.

! @gt`r M`ibmt to ;>=>.

! @gt`r Riatm to ;93>.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` rkt` to 34.92:.











! Deidf OF.

! Deidf Dustoh kga `gt`r 34.92:.

! Deidf tm` Tiz`… cuttog.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` siz` to MA ;93> x ;>=> ;:<9.

! Deidf OF.





! Deidf OF.








Dogv`rt ;>=>i0> to 23>p30 or 23>p0>













! T`e`dt Dustoh.

! @gt`r 23>.

! @gt`r ;3=>.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` rkt` to 30.>> or 0>.>>.










! T`t tm` Jrkh` siz` to MA ;3=> x 23> ;:<9.

! Deidf OF.





! Deidf OF.








Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to 23>p4> or 23>p:>













! T`e`dt Dustoh.

! @gt`r 23>.

! @gt`r ;3=>.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` rkt` to 39.92 or 09.91.













! Deidf OF.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;:>

! Deidf OF.







Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;:;

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to 23>p31


! Deidf tm` S`hov` lkbbi`s cuttog.






Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;:3






! T`e`dt Dustoh.

! @gt`r 23>.

! @gt`r ;3=>.

! T`t tm` Jrkh` rkt` to 34.92:.











! Deidf OF.

! Deidf Dustoh kga `gt`r 34.9=.

! Deidf tm` Tiz`… cuttog.


! Deidf OF.





! Deidf OF.




$ Ibgor` wkrgigb wm`g ihportigb 23>p31 KID igto JD^.





ôst-àit< Dr`ktigb k Jieh Eoof witm ;>=>i

Qm`r` kr` s`v`rke sojtwkr` pkdfkb`s you dkg us` to ket`r tm` eoof oj viaò kjt`r it mks c``g àità. Qm`s` igdeua`<

! Hkbid Cuee`t (www.ràbikgtsojtwkr`.doh/hkbcuesuit.mthe) jor Rigaows.

! Jieh @jj`dts (www.gkttr`ss.doh) jor OT ].

! AZJieh Hkf`r (www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r ) jor OT ] kga Rigaows.

Jieh Eoof Kalusth`gts

C`dkus` tm`r` kr` so hkgy aijj`r`gt jieh stodfs, tm` dogd`pt oj dr`ktigb k ―jieh eoof‘ is proce`hktid. Qm` ogey optiog is to hkf` viaò eoof e`ss eif`viaò kga hor` eif` wmkt w` dogsia`r jieh to eoof eif`. Jieh mks tmr`òcvious dmkrkdt`ristids<

! C`dkus` rà is tm` eow`st ay` eky`r og jieh stodf, ig tmòry, rà smoueac` e`ss igt`gs` tmkg ceu` or br``g. Mow`v`r, dohpkrà to GQTD kga^KE viaò‑jieh mks hor` igt`gs` ràs. Qmus, og` optiog is to coosttm` igt`gsity oj rà. Qmis is j`ksice` witm MA.

! Jieh mks hudm wia`r ektitua` kga so typidkeey mks e`ss dogtrkst.G`v`rtmè`ss, jieh dkg skjèy c` `xposà kga prod`ssà jor v`ry a``pcekdfs. Qm`r`jor`, you hky wkgt to drusm cekdfs.

! Jieh mks brkig wmie` viaò t`gas to mkv` gois`. Ig hy opigiog, brkig is

tm` drudike aijj`r`gd` c`tw``g jieh kga viaò. Ig jkdt, c`dkus` brkig ispr`s`gt `v`g ig stktid sd`g`s, it is k hor` dogtiguous ―du`‘ tmkt w` kr`wktdmigb jieh tmkg is 31jps hotiog luaa`r. Qmkgfjueey, you dkg kaasihuektà brkig to viaò.

AZJieh Hkf`r jor OT ]

AZJieh Aibitke Qrkgsj`r, eogb fgowg jor eow-dost trkgsj`r oj TA kga MAviaò to jieh, mks rè`ksà Z`rsiog 3.;4 oj tmìr AZJieh Hkf`r utieity jorOT ] kga Z`rsiog 3.1 jor Rigaows. AZJieh Hkf`r igdeua`s huetipe`jugdtiogs tmkt dkg c` usà to ket`r tm` eoof oj viaò. You hky jiga usigbog`, or hor`, oj tm` dkpkcieiti`s hky hkf` your viaò eoof hor` eif` jieh.

Rigaows us`rs dkg aowgeoka jroh m`r`<mttp<//www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r/hkf`r;.`x` .

Rigaows us`rs wmo ao got mkv` [uidfQih` igstkeeà wiee keso g`à toaowgeoka ―[Q Ket`rgktiv`‘ kt<www.kppe`.doh/support/aowgeokas/quidftih`2;:jorwigaows.mthe .




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;::

Qmis `xkhpe` wiee us` tm` OT ] v`rsiog. Aowgeoka 3.;4 (or mibm`r)AZJieh Hkf`r Ptieity kt www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r/hkdv`rsiog.mth kga igstkeeuga`r OT ]. Kaaitiogke igjorhktiog kt<www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r/mèphkd.mth.

Kjt`r àitigb, `xport kg igt`rekdà ;>=>i0> or ;>=>i:> hovi`.

Ao got `xport to MAZ. You dkg us` KID, Kppe`!s ^roS`s 133 M[doa`d, or kg ugdohpr`ssà doa`d.

Ig AZJieh Hkf`r, us` Jie` 7 Op`g… to sè`dt k jie`. (You hky g`à tosè`dt ―Kee Jie`s.‘) Ket`rgktèy, arkb hovi` to AZJieh Hkf`r wigaow.

Ps` ^rod`ss 7 Zi`w Optiogs… to octkig tm` Optiogs h`gu. Deidf tm` Kavkgdà T`ttigbs cuttog.

! T`t tm` khougt oj Sà Coost a`sirà.

! T`t tm` khougt oj Brkig to kaa.! Qurg-og YPZ ^rod`ssigb.

! Deidf OF to r`turg to tm` Optiogs h`gu.





! Tè`dt Go E`tt`rcox

! Tè`dt Sà Coost .

! Tè`dt Kaa Brkig.

! Deidf tm` Ttkrt cuttog to c`big prod`ssigb.

Your hovi` wiee r`hkig ìtm`r ;>=>i0> or ;>=>i:>.

Qm` hovi` wiee c` output usigb tm` skh` doa`d usà wm`g you `xportàyour hovi`.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;:=

ôst-àit< Igt`rekd` to ^robr`ssiv`

Kjt`r àitigb, `xport kg igt`rekdà hovi` usigb KID or og` oj Kppe`’sugdohpr`ssà doa`ds.

$ Ao got `xport to MAZ or tm` ^roS`s 133 M[ doa`d,

$ You smouea aowgeoka tm` a`ho v`rsiog oj AZJieh Hkf`r kgatry k dogv`rsiog to s`` ij its qukeity h``ts your g`às.

Rigaows us`rs dkg aowgeoka jroh m`r`<mttp<//www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r/hkf`r;.`x` .

Rigaows us`rs wmo aog’t mkv` [uidfQih` igstkeeà wiee keso g`à to

aowgeoka ―[Q Ket`rgktiv`‘ kt<www.kppe`.doh/support/aowgeokas/quidftih`2;:jorwigaows.mthe .

Qmis `xkhpe` wiee us` tm` OT ] v`rsiog. Aowgeoka 3.;4 (or mibm`r)AZJieh Hkf`r Ptieity kt www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r/hkdv`rsiog.mth kga igstkeeuga`r OT ]. Kaaitiogke igjorhktiog kt<www.avjieh.doh/hkf`r/mèphkd.mth.

Dogv`rt ;>=>i:> to ;>=>p31

Jrkh`-rkt` dogv`rtigb :>i viaò is got stkgakra aìgt`rekdigb.Aìgt`rekdigb sihpey dmkgb`s igt`rekd` to probr`ssiv` via`‑it ao`s gotdmkgb` jrkh`-rkt`s. Ketmoubm tm` dogv`rtà :>i viaò is 31jps, tm` eoofis seibmtey aijj`r`gt jroh jieh. Kt dut-poigts, tm`r` hky c` ;-jrkhàissoev`s.






Ps` ^rod`ss 7 Zi`w Optiogs… to octkig tm` Optiogs h`gu. Deidf tm` Kavkgd`a T`ttigbs cuttog.

! Qurg-og YPZ ^rod`ssigb.


! Deidf Go E`tt`rcox .





! Deidf tm` 31^ @aitigb Optiogs cuttog.

! Tè`dt Dogv`rt :>i to 31^ cuttog.

! Dm`df Output 34.92: @xkdt .


! Deidf tm` Ttkrt cuttog.

Qm` dogt`gts oj tm` hovi` jie` wiee c` dogv`rtà to ;>=>p34.9= viaò.

Your hovi` wiee c` output usigb tm` skh` doa`d usà wm`g you `xportàyour hovi`.





A`igt`rekd` ;>=>i0> to ;>=>p30


Ps` ^rod`ss 7 Zi`w Optiogs… to octkig tm` Optiogs h`gu. Deidf tm`

Kavkgd`a Optiogs cuttog.! Qurg-og YPZ ^rod`ssigb.






! Tè`dt Go E`tt`rcox .

! Dm`df Aìgt`rekd` wm`r` hotiog is pr`s`gt .

! Deidf tm` Ttkrt cuttog.

Qm` dogt`gts oj your hovi` jie` wiee c` dogv`rtà to ;>=>p30 viaò.

Your hovi` wiee c` output usigb tm` skh` doa`d usà wm`g you `xportàyour hovi`.





Dogv`rt to 23>p jor tm` R`c

R`c-cksà aèiv`ry a`hkgas probr`ssiv`, rktm`r tmkg igt`rekdà viaò,c`dkus` tm` viaò wiee c` pekyà og k dohput`r. You wiee keso g`à toupeoka your hovi` ig k mibmey dohpr`ssà jorhkt sudm ks M.3:1.

Qm` joeeowigb prodàur` is a`sibgà jor `xportigb ;93>x;>=> KZDMAjroh Kppe`’s iHovi` >=. Mow`v`r, you dkg us` tmis igjorhktiog witm hostkee GE@s.

Qm` Tmkr` 7 @xport to [uidfQih` jugdtiog dkg c` usà to dr`kt` kgMA viaò jie` jor upeokaigb to mttp<//`xposur`rooh.doh/.

Deidf tm` Optiogs… cuttog.

Deidf tm` T`ttigbs… cuttog<

T`t Jrkh` Skt`< to Durr`gt.





T`t F`y Jrkh`s< to Kutohktid.

Dm`df Jrkh` Sòra`rigb.

Teia` [ukeity to Mibm.

Tè`dt C`st qukeity (Hueti-pkss).

Tè`dt Aktk Skt`< S`stridt to 1=>> fcits/s`d.

Tè`dt Optihizà jor Aowgeoka.

Deidf OF to deos` tm` T`ttigbs cox.

Deidf tm` Tiz`… cuttog.

T`t siz` to ;3=>x23> MA.

Ao got dm`df Aìgt`rekd` Tourd` Ziaò ij you us` iHovi` >=. Mow`v`r,you hust aìgt`rekd` ij you us` kgy otm`r GE@.

Qm` kuaio s`ttigbs cèow kr` usà jor @xposur`Sooh jie`s.





MA Hovi` Doa`ds

Qm` H^@B-3 doa`d is `ksy to us` jor MA hovi`s tmkt kr` to c` pekyà ogk dohput`r. Mow`v`r, cotm ZD-; kga KZD kr` jkr hor` cit-`jjidi`gt. Qmis`jjidi`gdy ràud`s storkb` r`quir`h`gts, cut ao`s r`quir` k hor`pow`rjue dohput`r cotm aurigb pekyckdf kga, oj dours`, aurigb tm`

`gdoa` prod`ss. Jor hor` igjorhktiog og M.3:1, s`` Kpp`gaix C.

Rigaows Hàik (ZD-;)

Hidrosojt a`vèopà Rigaows Hàik ks k propri`tkry v`ry cit-`jjidi`gtdoa`d jor cotm kuaio, TA viaò, kga MA viaò. Qm` MA v`rsiog mks provàto provia` v`ry mibm qukeity viaò kt kcout :Hcps to =Hcps. Ig smort, MAkt TA aktk rkt`s.

Higihuh Dogjiburktiog (jor 23>p viaò) witm Tt`rò Touga

• 3.1 BMz prod`ssor or `quivke`gt

• 4=1 HC oj SKH

• :1 HC viaò dkra

• ;>31 x 2:= sdr``g r`soeutiog

• ;:-cit souga dkra kga st`rò sp`kf`r syst`h

Dogjiburktiog (jor ;>=>p viaò witm 0.; Turrouga Touga)

• 4.> BMz prod`ssor or `quivke`gt

• 0;3 HC oj SKH• ;3= HC viaò dkra

• ;93> x ;11> sdr``g r`soeutiog

• 31-cit 9: fMz huetidmkggè souga dkra

• 0.; surrouga souga sp`kf`r syst`h

Jeip1Hkd (www.jeip1hkd.doh) mks rè`ksà kg OT ] pkdfkb` witm k mibm-qukeity RH9 peub-ig. Qmis `gkce`s you to sudd`ssjueey peky RH MA`gdoaà viaò. Qm` RHZ êky`r is k peub-ig to Kppe`’s [uidfQih` peky`r.





Dr`kt` MA Rigaows Hàik witm H^@B Ttr`khdeip

Aowgeoka H^@B Ttr`khdeip Z`rsiog ;.9 (www.squkrà0.doh/sviaò/hp`b-

str`khdeip-hkd.mthe) kga igstkee uga`r OT ].

Ekugdm H^@B Ttr`khdeip.

Ritm Kppe` GE@s, you smouea `xport kg KID or ^roS`s 133 hovi` kga tm`garkb your `xportà 23>p hovi` to H^@B Ttr`khdeip.

Issu` Jie` 7 @xport to Otm`r Jorhkts….





Deidf tm` Optiogs… cuttog.



Kpp`gaix K< Togy De`krZia @]HOS DHOT


Kpp`gaix K< Togy De`krZia @]HOSDHOT

DDA Q`dmgoeobyIgt`rekdà sdkggà DDAs r`ka-out kee rows `v`ry jièa-tih`‑typidkeey;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. Qm`s` rows dr`kt` og` jièa oj k jrkh` oj igt`rekdà viaò. (Qm` guhc`r oj eig`s ig k jièa is mkej tm` guhc`r oj s`gsor rows.) Qo dkptur` k jrkh`’s jièa-hkt`, ogd` kbkig tm` DDAsdkptur` kg ihkb` kga ogd` kbkig kee rows kr` r`ka-out. Qm`s` rowsdr`kt` tm` s`doga jièa oj k jrkh` oj igt`rekdà viaò.

^robr`ssivèy sdkggà s`gsors keso r`ka-out kee rows `kdm ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm

s`doga. Qm` aijj`r`gd` is tmkt `kdm r`ka-out yièas k jrkh` oj probr`ssiv`viaò. Qmus, kg igt`rekdà sdkggà s`gsor is r`ka-out twid` p`r jrkh`,wmie` k probr`ssivèy sdkggà s`gsor is r`ka-out ogd` p`r jrkh`.

Kgotm`r probr`ssiv` sdkggigb aijj`r`gd` is tmkt ―Sow-^kir Tuhhktiog‘ isgot `hpeoyà. Ks kg igt`rekdà sdkggà DDA is r`ka-out, pkirs oj rowskr` kaaà tob`tm`r, wmidm cotm mkev`s tm` guhc`r oj eig`s (s`` tmàikbrkhs cèow) kga suhs v`rtidke pkirs oj skhpe`s ig two rows.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;=>

Kaaigb pixès igdr`ks`s dkh`rk s`gsitivity cy :aC (og`-stop). Gois` iskeso kv`rkbà, tm`r`cy igdr`ksigb tm` sibgke-to-gois` (T/G) rktio cy 4aC.

Sow-^kir Tuhhktiog dr`kt`s k eow-pkss jiet`r. (K eow-pkss jiet`r r`hov`smibm jr`qu`gdi`s r`pr`s`gtigb jig` a`tkie.) Rm`g k DDA kaas row-pkirs,tm` jiet`r mèps pr`v`gt ―igt`reig` jeidf`r.‘ Igt`reig` jeidf`r is ―keiksigb‘ tmktoddurs wm`g v`rtidke ihkb` a`tkie (sibgke jr`qu`gdy) kpprokdm`s tmkt oj tm` DDA row-strudtur` (skhpeigb jr`qu`gdy). Qm` jeidf`r is dkusà cy tm`morizogtke àb` cìgb r`pr`s`gtà cy k sigbe` sdkg-eig` tmkt is aispekyà

kt 30 or 4> tih`s p`r-s`doga.

Igt`reig` jeidf`r dkg ogey c` s``g og igt`rekd` aispekys.

Ks k morizogtke àb` hov`s v`rtidkeey, wm`g jor `xkhpe` k dkh`rk pkgsv`rtidkeey, tm` jeidf`r hov`s up or aowg tm` sdr``g dkusigb ―igt`reig`twitt`r.‘ Cotm jeidf`r kga twitt`r kr` ràudà, cut got èihigktà, wm`gmorizogtke àb`s (or eig`s) kr` sojt`gà cy tm` eow-pkss jiet`r. @ss`gtikeeykg àb` is ―sh`krà‘ kdross two eig`s so tmkt aurigb aispeky you dkggots`` tm` jeidf`r.

Igt`reig` twitt`r dkg c` s``g og kgy aispeky.

Pgjortugktèy, k prid` hust c` pkia jor tm` c`g`jits oj Sow-^kirTuhhktiog. Qm` jiet`r a`dr`ks`s viaò’s v`rtidke r`soeutiog. Mow hudma`tkie is r`hovà? Qmis vkeu` is dkeeà ―Igt`rekd` Jkdtor‘ or ―Igt`rekd`Do`jjidi`gt.‘ Qm` Igt`rekd` Do`jjidi`gt is kcout >.20, wmidm h`kgs kg




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;=;

igt`rekdà sdkggà ;>=>-row DDA, dkg output ogey kcout =;>-eig`s oj `jj`dtiv` v`rtidke r`soeutiog.

^robr`ssiv` sdkggigb ojj`rs k ;.>> Igt`rekd` Do`jjidi`gt. Qm`r`jor`, kprobr`ssivèy sdkggà ;>=>-row s`gsor dkg output up to ;>=>-eig`s oj `jj`dtiv` v`rtidke r`soeutiog.

DHOT Q`dmgoeoby

DHOT s`gsors, eif` DDAs, kr` hka` jroh sieidog. Mow`v`r, ks tm` gkhìhpei`s, tm` hkgujkdturigb prod`ss is dkeeà DHOT, wmidm stkgas jorDohpe`h`gtkry H`tke Oxia` T`hidogaudtor. Qoaky DHOT is tm` hostdohhog h`tmoa oj hkfigb prod`ssors kga h`hori`s. Qm`r`jor`, DHOTihkb`rs tkf` kavkgtkb` oj tm` mibm-voeuh` prod`ss kga dostkavkgd`h`gts dr`ktà cy otm`r DHOT a`vid`s.

Eoof deosèy kt tm` ieeustrktiog cèow. Qm` kr`k oj k pixè tmkt doee`dts eibmtis tm` ―pmotoaioa`.‘ Qm` kr`k oj tm` pmotoaioa` aiviaà cy tm` pixè’stotke kr`k is dkeeà tm` ―jiee-jkdtor.‘

K jiee-jkdtor oj 30- to 4>-p`rd`gt is dohhog, ks smowg cèow wm`r` ^ istm` pmotoaioa` kga Q is tm` trkgsistor kr`k.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;=3

Host DHOT ihkb`rs toaky us` Kdtiv` îxè T`gsor t`dmgoeoby (K^T),wmidm r`quir`s kt e`kst tmr`` Qrkgsistors to ihpe`h`gt. (Qm`s` kr` dkeeà4Q a`vid`s.) Qm` pixè j`ktur`s< k S`s`t trkgsistor , kg Khpeiji`r trkgsistor, kga k Sow Tè`dt trkgsistor. (Qm` ektt`r is keso dkeeà k Doeuhg

Cus trkgsistor.)

Igt`brktiog Qih`Kg ihkb` dkptur` c`bigs wm`g k tribb`r is s`gt to kee S`s`t trkgsistorswitmig kg kaar`ssà Sow to pr`pkr` tm` row’s pmotoaioa`s to dkpturèibmt. Kee pmotoaioa`s ig k row kr` r`s`t kt tm` skh` igstkgt.

Qm` r`s`t c`bigs kg ―igt`brktiog‘ p`rioa. Aurigb tmis p`rioa, tm` khougtoj eibmt jkeeigb og k pmotoaioa` a`t`rhig`s mow hudm dmkrb` kdduhuekt`sig its ôt`gtike Rèe.

Qm` igt`brktiog p`rioa `gas wm`g k sibgke is s`gt to kee Sow Tè`dttrkgsistors ig kg kaar`ssà row. (Sà krrow kcov`.) Sow Tè`dttrkgsistors pkss tm` kdduhuektà pmotoaioa` sibgke ogto k Doeuhg Cus.(Ceu` krrow kcov`.) Keogb tm` wky, `kdm Khpeiji`r trkgsistor kdts kssourd` joeeow`r tmkt keeow k pmotoaioa` dmkrb` to c` skhpeà ks k

voetkb` witmout de`krigb tm` kdduhuektà dmkrb`. Ig tmis wky, keepmotoaioa`s ig k row kr` sihuetkgòusey dogg`dtà to kee Doeuhg Cuss`s.

Kt tmis poigt, witmig `kdm doeuhg, go otm`r Sow Tè`dt trkgsistors kr`kdtiv` so k voetkb` jroh kg Khpeiji`r trkgsistor s`gt igto k Doeuhg Cus istm` ogey sibgke og tm` cus. Qm`r`jor`, tm` voetkb` jr`èy pkss`s aowg tm`





cus. Kdduhuektà voetkb`s jor kee pixès ig k row kr` s`gt aowg Doeuhgcuss`s sihuetkgòusey.

@kdm Doeuhg cus t`rhigkt`s ig k trkgsistor tmkt ―dmkrb`s‘ k dkpkditorwitm tm` voetkb` jroh tm` Doeuhg Cus. Qm` dkpkditor stor`s tm` voetkb`wmie` k doeuhg wkits jor its turg to c` output. Rm`g it is tih` to output kdoeuhg, trkgsistor dogg`dts tm` storà voetkb` tmroubm kg O^ khpeiji`rigto k huetipe`x`r tmkt sè`dts wmidm doeuhg is to c` output.

Sow S`ka-out Qih`

It is got possice` to igstkgtkgòusey output `kdm row kjt`r s`gaigb itaowg tm` Doeuhg Cuss`s. Ogd` k row oj pixès is output jroh tm` DoeuhgCuss`s, s`v`rke typ`s oj og-dmip prod`ssigb kr` p`rjorhà. Qm`sìgdeua`< gois` ràudtiog peus ìtm`r<

! Doeuhg-cy-doeuhg sè`dtiog oj kgkeob pmotoaioa` vkeu`s, kgkeobsmijtigb oj tm`s` vkeu`s to og` or hor` kgkeob output ports6 or,

! Doeuhg-cy-doeuhg sè`dtiog oj kgkeob pmotoaioa` vkeu`s, kgkeobsmijtigb oj tm`s` vkeu`s to og` or hor` og-dmip K/A dogv`rt`r(s) `kdmoj wmidm mks k aibitke output port.

Qm`s` kgkeob prod`ss`s kr` rèktivèy seow. @v`g w`r` @Q z`ro‑tm`r`r`hkigs k higihuh tih` r`quirà to r`ka-out `kdm row oj pixès. Kga,tm`r`jor`, k higihuh tih` r`quirà to r`ka-out kee pixès og k DHOTdmip. Qmis tih` p`rioa is dkeeà Sow S`ka-out Qih` (SSQ) kga is kjugakh`gtke dmkrkdt`ristid oj kgy DHOT s`gsor.

Qm` eihitigb tih` is tm` sp`à oj tm` igt`rgke or `xt`rgke K/A. Kssuhigb k0>gT dogv`rsiog tih` kga ogey k sigbe` K/A, k 3,>>>-pixè row wieer`quir` kcout ;>> hidros`dogas to output. Qm`r`jor`, tm` SSQ vkeu` jor k;>>>-row, 3 h`bkpixè DHOT, dmip is kcout ;>> hieeis`dogas or >.;>>hieeis`dogas. K auke port a`sibg dkg mkev` (0> hidros`dogas) tmis tih`,wmie` k quka port a`sibg dkg qukrt`r (30 hidros`dogas) it.

SSQ is sibgijidkgtey ràudà wm`g k DHOT dmip us`s k dogv`rt`r-p`r-doeuhg a`sibg. @kdm row, go hktt`r its e`gbtm, r`quir`s ogey k sigbe` K/Adogv`rsiog tih`.

DHOT Rigaow Dkpkcieity

C`dkus` SSQ is k jixà kga rèktivèy eogb, tm` br`kt`r tm` guhc`r oj rows, tm` eogb`r it wiee tkf` to r`ka-out og` jrkh`. Qm`r` kr`, mow`v`r,dirduhstkgd`s wm`r` k mibm`r sp`à r`ka-out is r`quirà. Jor `xkhpe`<





! Qo dkptur` seow-hotiog viaò. Jor `xkhpe`, k 9:>x4:> pixè wigaowr`quir`s e`ss tmkg ;2-p`rd`gt oj tm` `gtir` s`gsor c` r`ka-out,keeowigb tm` r`ka-out to oddur up to :] jkst`r.

! Qo dkptur` ;3=>x23> ihkb`s jkst`r tmkg ;93>x;>=> ihkb`s. Cyr`kaigb ogey ;3=>-pixès, SSQ is ràudà cy 40-p`rd`gt‑kssuhigb ksigbe` output port.

Ig tm`s` situktiogs, k DHOT a`vid` dkg c` igstrudtà to r`ka-out ksp`dijid (v`rtidkeey d`gt`rà) s`t oj rows. Qmis is possice` c`dkus` k DHOTdmip is ―row-kaar`sskce`‘ a`vid`. It is keso possice` to igstrudt k DHOTdmip to r`ka-out k sp`dijid (morizogtkeey d`gt`rà) s`t oj doeuhgs.

Cy usigb cotm row kga doeuhg kaar`ssigb k ―wigaow‘ is dr`ktà witmigtm` pmotoaioa` hktrix. Qm` kcieity to r`ka-out k wigaow og tm` s`gsor isk ugiqu` kavkgtkb` oj DHOT s`gsors.

@xposur` DogtroeRm`g k dkh`rk op`rktor s`ts k smutt`r-sp`à, tm`y kr` s`ttigb tm`@xposur` Qih` (@Q). Qm` `xposur` tih` a`t`rhig`s tm` igt`brktiog p`rioaoj `kdm row. Kee rows mkv` tm` skh` igt`brktiog p`rioa.

Jor `xkhpe`, kssuh` kg op`rktor sè`dts kg @Q oj ;/:>tm s`doga or ;:hieeis`dogas. Kjt`r tm` top row is r`s`t, kg igt`brktiog tih` (@Q) oj ;:hieeis`dogas c`bigs jor tm` top row.

Kjt`r tm` jirst row mks c``g r`s`t, k aèky `quke to SSQ pkss`s c`jor` tm`s`doga row is r`s`t. Kjt`r k aèky `quke to SSQ pkss`s, tm` tmira row isr`s`t. Ig tmis hkgg`r, tm` r`hkigigb rows kr` r`s`t. Qm`r` wiee c` kg SSQojjs`t ig tm` tih` `kdm row’s igt`brktiog tih` c`bigs‑kga `gas.

Kjt`r tm` top row kdduhuekt`s eibmt jor ;: hieeis`dogas (@Q), k Sow Tè`dttribb`r `gas its igt`brktiog p`rioa kga s`gas voetkb`s r`pr`s`gtigb tm`top row’s eibmt vkeu`s aowg tm` Doeuhg Cuss`s wm`r` tm`y kr` hovà totm` output port(s). Qmis prod`ss r`quir`s k tih` `quke to SSQ.

Eif`wis`, ;: hieeis`dogas (@Q) kjt`r tm` s`doga row is r`s`t, k Sow Tè`dttribb`r `gas its igt`brktiog p`rioa kga s`gas voetkb`s r`pr`s`gtigb tm`s`doga row’s eibmt vkeu`s aowg tm` Doeuhg Cuss`s wm`r` tm`y kr` hovàto tm` output port(s).

Rm`g tm` igt`brktiog p`rioa oj tm` cottoh row `gas kga its aktk kròutput‑tm` prod`ss c`bigs kbkig witm tm` r`s`t oj tm` top row kjt`r kaèky `quke to SSQ pkss`s.





Got` tmkt tm` tih` to r`ka-out kg `gtir` jrkh` is @Q peus SSQ. Kssuhigbkg SSQ `quke to ;>> hidros`dogas< witm k seow smutt`r-sp`à oj ;/43ga

s`doga (4;.30 hieeis`dogas), k g`w jrkh` is r`ka-out `v`ry 4;.40hieeis`dogas.

Tmutt`r Op`rktiog

K DHOT dmip’s top-to-cottoh `xposur` prod`ss op`rkt`s hudm ks k ―v`rtidke jodke pekg`‘ smutt`r wouea ig k jieh dkh`rk. Qm` jirst (rà)durtkig is rè`ksà to stkrt its aowgwkra trkvè kt tm` c`biggigb oj tm``xposur` tih`. Ks tm` durtkig hov`s aowgwkra, tm` jieh is `xposà toeibmt.

Rm`g tm` jirst durtkig mks dohpe`tà its trkvè, tm` jieh jrkh` is jueey`xposà. Rm`g tm` `xposur` tih` `gas, tm` s`doga durtkig (br``g) is

rè`ksà to c`big its aowgwkra trkvè to deos`-ojj eibmt jkeeigb og tm` jieh.

Soeeigb Tmutt`r Krtijkdt

Rm`g k jieh dkh`rk is s`t to k smort `xposur` tih`, tm` jirst durtkig wieegot mkv` trkvèà jkr c`jor` tm` s`doga durtkig stkrts dmksigb it aowg tm`jrkh`. K gkrrow trkvèigb seit jorhà cy tm` bkp c`tw``g tm` twodurtkigs gow `xpos`s tm` jieh. Qm` seit `xpos`s tm` top oj tm` jieh c`jorìt `xpos`s tm` cottoh oj tm` jieh.

Rm`g k sd`g` dogtkigs eitte` hotiog, tm` aijj`r`gd` ig tih` c`tw``g`xposigb tm` top kga cottoh oj k jrkh` dr`kt`s go mkrh. Mow`v`r, wm`gtm` sd`g` dogtkigs hotiog, tm` tih` aijj`r`gd` c`tw``g tm` top kgacottoh `xposur` is dkpturà og jieh. Qm` seit dr`kt`s tm` ―roeeigb smutt`r‘ krtijkdt.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;=:

C`dkus` k DHOT s`gsor’s rows kr` prod`ss`a‑r`s`t, igt`brkt`a, r`ka-out‑witm kg ojjs`t `quke to SSQ, it keso `xpos`s `kdm jrkh` ig k top tocottoh pktt`rg. Qm` row-`xposur` ojjs`t dr`kt`s k roeeigb smutt`r sf`wtmkt hktdm`s tm` air`dtiog oj tm` ocl`dt’s hov`h`gt.

Qm` row-`xposur` ojjs`t keso is r`spogsice` jor tm`s` krtijkdts< Rocce` (kstr`tdmy/rucc`ry eoof wm`g k dkhdora`r is sucl`dt to vicrktiog or suaa`ghotiog), ^krtike @xposur` Beocke Tmutt`r (cekdf ckgas or cribmt ckgas),kga seow-r`jr`sm jeuor`sd`gt eibmtigb Jeidf`r (ckgas oj smijtigb sdroeeigbdoeor or jeidf`rigb akrf eig`s).





Rm`g dohpkrigb DHOT kga DDA dkh`rks, it is ihportkgt to r`h`hc`rtmkg DDAs wky too ojt`g `xmicit v`rtidke sh`kr. DHOT s`gsors igm`r`gteymkv` go v`rtidke sh`kr.

Jrkh` Kdduhuektiog

Higihuh @xposur` Qih`s kvkiekce` jroh tm` Tmutt`r is ;/0>tm (^KE) or;/:>tm (GQTD). Qm` soeutiog is usigb ―kdduhuektà jrkh`s.‘

Jrkh` kdduhuektiog a`jig`s totke pmotoaioa` igt`brktiog tih` ks khuetipe` oj tm` durr`gt igt`r-jrkh` igt`rvke. Jor 0>i, viaò tm` igt`r-jrkhìgt`rvke is 3>HT. Jor :>i, viaò tm` igt`r-jrkh` igt`rvke is ;:.:=HT. Rm`gyou sè`dt Teow Tmutt`r, kga tm` eibmt is v`ry aih, tm` smutt`r-sp`à dkgjkee to ;/30tm or ;/43ga s`doga.

Kt tm` seow`st smutt`r-sp`à, up to 3 jrkh`s dkg c` kdduhuektà,r`suetigb ig `xposur` tih`s oj >.>1 s`doga (^KE) kga >.41-s`doga(GQTD).

Kdduhuektà hoa`s ao got sujj`r jroh igdr`ksà ihkb` gois`, cut ao

mkv` sibgijidkgt ceur og hovigb ocl`dts, ks smowg cèow.

Qrkaitiogke mibm-bkig hoa`s igdr`ks` s`gsitivity cy coostigb viaò bkigtmkt r`suets ig k sibgijidkgt igdr`ks` ig ihkb` gois`. Mow`v`r, hotiogr`hkigs de`kr.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g ;==

Qm`r`jor`, tm`s` hoa`s kr` quit` aijj`r`gt kga support aijj`r`gt smootigbsituktiogs.

Gois` Sàudtiog

Qm` a`sibg oj DHOT dmips is r`spogsice` jor hkgy typ`s oj igt`rgkeeyb`g`rktà gois`< pmotog smot gois`, eow-jr`qu`gdy gois`, tm`rhke gois`,r`s`t gois`, akrf durr`gt gois`, kga khpeiji`r (;/j) gois`.

Akrf durr`gt gois` is og` typ` oj Jixà ^ktt`rg Gois` (J^G) c`dkus` `kdmpmotoaioa` mks its owg ugiqu` e`vè oj dmkrb` `v`g wm`g tm`r` is go eibmtjkeeigb og it. Kgy dmkrb` vkeu` kcov` z`ro is gois`. Qm`r`jor`, k hktrix oj pmotoaioa`s mks k hktrix oj gois` vkeu`s.

Qigy aijj`r`gd`s khogb tm` Khpeiji`r trkgsistors h`kgs tmkt `kdmkhpeiji`r mks its owg ugiqu` r`stigb voetkb` `v`g wm`g tm`r` is go eibmtjkeeigb og it. Qmis typ` oj `rror is keso Jixà ^ktt`rg Gois` (J^G) c`dkus`kgy r`stigb voetkb` kcov` z`ro is gois`. Qm`r`jor`, k hktrix oj khpeiji`rsmks k hktrix oj gois` vkeu`s tmkt igtroaud` `rrors ks pmotoaioa` dmkrb`skr` dogv`rtà to voetkb`s.

J^G gois` dkg c` ktt`guktà cy k gois` ràudtiog t`dmgiqu` dkeeàDorrèktà Aouce` Tkhpeigb (DAT).

DAT r`quir`s two r`ka-outs oj `kdm pmotoaioa`. Qm` jirst r`ka-out isp`rjorhà ihhàiktèy kjt`r k row is r`s`t kga is k h`ksur` oj k pixè’sgois` voetkb`. Qm` s`doga r`ka-out oddurs kjt`r tm` igt`brktiog p`rioa

kga is k h`ksur` oj k pixè’s gois` + sibgke voetkb`.Kt tm` ―cottoh‘ oj `kdm doeuhg, k Tkhpe` kga Moea dirduit stor`s tm`gois` voetkb` jor tm` aurktiog oj tm` igt`brktiog p`rioa.





Kjt`r tm` igt`brktiog p`rioa‑kbkig tribb`rà cy k Sow Tè`dt sibgke‑kpmotoaioa`’s Sow Tè`dt trkgsistor bkt`s k sibgke+gois` voetkb` jroh kpmotoaioa`’s Khpeiji`r ogto tm` Doeuhg Cus.

Kt tm` ―cottoh‘ oj `kdm doeuhg, k Tkhpe` kga Moea dirduit stor`s tm`sibgke+gois` voetkb` jor tm` aurktiog oj tm` r`ka-out p`rioa.

Qo s`ga k doeuhg’s storà voetkb` to tm` dmip’s output‑`v`ry doeuhg iskaar`ssà og`-cy-og` cy s`gaigb `kdm doeuhg’s output dirduitry ktribb`r. Qm` tribb`r bkt`s tm` two storà sibgkes igto kg O^ (Op`rktiogke)khpeiji`r.

@kdm O^ khpeiji`r mks two igputs. Og` (peus) igput kdd`pts tm` durr`gtsibgke+gois` sibgke jroh k Doeuhg Cus. Qm` otm`r (higus) igput kdd`ptstm` storà gois` voetkb` jroh k Tkhpe` & Moea. Qm` O^ khpeiji`r kaastm`s` voetkb`s tob`tm`r.

@kdm storà gois` voetkb` is suctrkdtà jroh `kdm sibgke+gois` voetkb`,yièaigb k sibgke voetkb`. @kdm O^ khpeiji`r outputs tm` ―suh‘ voetkb`,wmidm r`pr`s`gts k pixè’s sibgke voetkb`.

Ihkb` S`ka-out

Kgkeob Output

Kee doeuhg sibgke voetkb`s kr` tm`g eokaà igto kg kgkeob smijt r`bist`rwm`r` pixè igjorhktiog is smijtà to output port(s). Ig tmis a`sibg,kgkeob-to-aibitke (K/A) dogv`rsiog is `xt`rgke to tm` DHOT dmip. Qmàikbrkh cèow smows tm` op`rktiog oj tmis typ` oj DHOT dmip.

Qo f``p DHOT r`ka-out sp`às mibm, k dmip’s r`ka-out deodf rkt` dkg cìgdr`ksà. Mow`v`r, tm` mibm`r tm` deodf rkt`, tm` hor` pow`r dogsuhàkga tm` hor` m`kt tmkt hust c` aissipktà jroh tm` dmip.





Aibitke Output

Qo a`dr`ks` ihkb` gois`, igt`rgke kgkeob-to-aibitke (K/A) dogv`rsiog dkgc` `hpeoyà. Ig tmis dks`, tm` pktm jroh k DHOT dmip to k sibgke-prod`ssigb dmip is aibitke rktm`r tmkg kgkeob‑ks smowg cèow.

Togy @]HOS Q`dmgoeoby

Togy @]HOS t`dmgoeoby `hpeoys k hkssiv` khougt oj dirduitry c`tw``gtm` O^ khpeiji`rs kttkdmà to `kdm Doeuhg Cus kga tm` dmip’s outputport.

Qm` O^ khpeiji`r jor `kdm doeuhg outputs kg kgkeob sibgke (witm tm` gois`ktt`guktà cy DAT) to kg K/A dogv`rt`r. (Togy’s 40hh kga K^T @]HOSihkb`rs `hpeoy ;3-cit K/A dogv`rt`rs.) Qm`r`jor`, tm`r` is kg K/Adogv`rt`r jor `v`ry doeuhg.





@kdm K/A dogv`rt`r outputs k aibitke vkeu`. Aibitke vkeu`s jroh keedoeuhgs kr` igput igto k aibitke huetipe`x`r(s). Qm` output jroh tm`huetipe`x`r(s) is output jroh k aibitke port(s).

G`v`rtmè`ss, c`dkus` K/A dogv`rsiog tih` is k jugdtiog oj tm` guhc`r oj rows rktm`r tmkg tm` guhc`r oj doeuhgs, tm` totke tih` sp`gt p`rjorhigbdogv`rsiogs dkg c` dut ig mkej witm, jor `xkhpe`, 4>>>x;0>> s`gsors.

Hor` ihportkgtey, a`p`gaigb og tm` aibitke aktk-rkt` possice` jroh tmàibitke huetipe`x`r, SSQ pot`gtikeey dkg sibgijidkgtey c` ràudà.

Mow`v`r, tm`r` is go d`rtkigty tmkt durr`gt @]HOS s`gsors mkv` k eow`rSSQ tmkg tm` ekst b`g`rktiog oj De`krZia DHOT dmips tmkt mkv` jour





kgkeob dmkggès. Qm`r`jor`, durr`gt @]HOS t`dmgoeoby hky got dr`kt`j`w`r roeeigb smutt`r krtijkdts.

Togy’s @]HOS De`krZia DHOT s`gsors kr` probr`ssivèy sdkggà kt ìtm`r:>Mz (S`biog :>) or 0>Mz (S`biog 0>). Qm` !;/4-igdm dmip mks 0,==>,>>>pixès witm tm` pmotosit`s ori`gtà kt 10-a`br``s to keeow tibmt`r spkdigb.

De`krZia @gkce`s ^motosit`s to c` ^kdfà Hor` A`gsèy





Cky`r Jiet`r

Tigbe` dmip dkhdora`rs us` k Cky`r jiet`r‑igv`gtà cy Foakf’s Cryd`Cky`r ckdf ig ;92:‑to octkig cotm euhigkgd` kga dmrohigkgdìgjorhktiog. Qm` Cky`r jiet`r hktrix `hpeoys tmr`` prihkry doeor jiet`rs (S

kga B kga C).

Cky`r Hoskid Jiet`r

Euhk is octkigà jroh tm` doeor hoskid usigb tm` joeeowigb keb`crk< Y

8 .39S + .09B + .;;C or Y 8 S + 3B + C . Qmis is roubmey smowg cèowwm`r` kaaigb kee tm`` doeors yièas wmit`.





Togy’s De`krZia Jiet`r

Togy’s De`krZia jiet`r aijj`rs jroh k Cky`r jiet`r ig two wkys< jirst,ket`rgkt` rows mkv` kee Br``g jiet`rs. T`doga, ket`rgkt` rows mkv` cotmSà kga Ceu` jiet`rs ig kaaitiog to Br``g jiet`rs.

Cky`r jiet`r dmips octkig SBC aktk cy hovigb k 3x3-dèe wigaow kdrosstm` s`gsor ig ;-doeuhg st`ps‑kga, aowg tm` s`gsor ig ;-row st`ps.De`krZia dmips utieiz` ekrb`r 1x3-dèe wigaows.





Octkigigb Euhk Zkeu`s

Cy hovigb k 1x3 wigaow jroh e`jt-to-ribmt kdross tm` s`gsor ig st`ps oj ;doeuhg, SBC vkeu`s kr` octkigà.

! Jirst wigaow positiog< ; Sà + : Br``g + ; Ceu`

! T`doga wigaow positiog< ; Ceu` + : Br``g + ; Sà

! Qmira wigaow positiog< ; Sà + : Br``g + ; Ceu`

! Ogwkra to tm` ekst positiog og tm` ribmt sia` oj tm` s`gsor.

K Cky`r jiet`r aèiv`rs ; Sà + 3 Br``g + ; Ceu` vik k 3x3 wigaow.

Togy’s De`krZia syst`h aèiv`rs 1 `xtrk Br``g skhpe`s usigb k 1x3wigaow. C`dkus` tm` muhkg `y` is host s`gsitiv` to br``g, tm` `xtrkskhpe`s oj Br``g igdr`ks` tm` s`gsitivity oj DHOT dmip. Psigb `xtrkBr``g skhpe`s kvoias igjrigbigb og k Foakf’s v`rsiog oj its owg Cky`rjiet`r tmkt us`s pkgdmrohktid, i.`., de`kr jiet`rs ig k 1x1 krrkgb`h`gt.





Qm` g`xt viaò eig` is octkigà cy st`ppigb aowg ; row jroh tm` top row<

! Jirst wigaow positiog< : Br``g + ; Ceu` + ; Sà

! T`doga wigaow positiog< : Br``g + ; Sà + ; Ceu`

! Qmira wigaow positiog< : Br``g + ; Sà + ; Ceu`

! Ogwkra to tm` ekst positiog kt tm` cottoh oj tm` s`gsor.





Rorfigb ig tmis hkgg`r, `kdm 1x3-dèe wigaow yièas k sigbe` d`gt`rà euhk vkeu`, dohputà kpproxihktèy ks< Y 8 .39S + .09B + .;;C.

Qm` bross pixè dougt jor tm` TS kga D] is 0,::>,>>> pixès wmie` tm``jj`dtiv` dougt jor viaò is ogey 4,=;>,>>> pixès. Qm` dmip tm`r`jor`, is k1<4 dmip tmkt dkg support 1<4 pmotos oj kcout 0.:: h`bkpixès (!3:9: x!3;>>). Qo octkig 1<4 pmotos witm higihke igt`rpoektiog, dmoos` tm`:.;H^ optiog tmkt r`doras 3=1=x3;4: ihkb`s.

K !3:1: x !;11>-pixè ;:<9 wigaow is usà wm`g smootigb viaò.H`ksurà stktid r`soeutiog is :30 QZE wmie` tm` v`rtidke r`soeutiog

h`ksurà :>> QZE.

Octkigigb Dmrohk Zkeu`s

^kirs oj dmrohk dohpog`gts kr` dkeduektà< Dr 8 Y — S kga Dc 8 Y — C .Dmrohigkgd` dohpog`gts kr` b`g`rktà jor `v`ry jour euhigkgd`skhpe`s c`dkus` KZDMA us`s 1<3<> doeor skhpeigb.

Dkh`rk ^krkh`t`rs

DHOT Sow Dougt

Jor host, cut got kee, dkh`rks, tm` guhc`r oj rows og its DHOT dmips kr``quke to tm` guhc`r oj eig`s tmkt wiee c` r`doraà. Qm`r`jor`, w` wouea`xp`dt ij k dkhdora`r r`doras ;>=>i viaò, `kdm dmip wiee mkv` ;>=>-rows.

DHOT Doeuhg Dougt

Ks you wouea `xp`dt, tm` guhc`r oj doeuhgs dogtkigà og k s`gsora`t`rhig`s tm` morizogtke r`soeutiog oj tm` viaò to c` r`doraà.

Mow`v`r, tm` rèktiogsmip is k got k sihpe` og`. @kdm s`gsor è`h`gttkf`s og` skhpe` jroh tm` ihkb` prol`dtà og tm` dmip cy tm` e`gs.

Qm` guhc`r oj morizogtke skhpe`s proviaà cy tm` ihkb`r a`jig`s itsskhpeigb ―rkt`.‘ Kddoraigb to tm` Gyquist tmòr`h, tm`r` hust c` twoskhpe`s jor `kdm dyde`‑v`rtidke eig`-pkir‑ig tm` sibgke cìgb aibitizà.





Qm`r`jor`, tm` skhpeigb rkt`‑dkeeà tm` Gyquist skhpeigbjr`qu`gdy‑hust c` twid` tm` a`tkie jr`qu`gdy. Ij mibm`rjr`qu`gdi`s‑jig`r a`tkie‑kr` aibitizà, tm`y wiee c` r`doraà ks eowjr`qu`gdi`s dkeeà keiksigb. (T`` Keiksigb, cèow.)

Qo pr`v`gt keiksigb, k eow-pkss ―kgti-keiksigb‘ jiet`r is pekdà ig tm` kgkeobpktm c`tw``g tm` s`gsor(s) kga tm` kgkeob-to-aibitke dogv`rt`r(s). Tigd`

go jiet`r dkg sihpey trugdkt` k sibgke `xkdtey kt tm` Gyquistjr`qu`gdy‑tm` jiet`r dut-ojj jr`qu`gdy hust c` s`t kt k seibmtey eow`rpoigt, tm`r`cy dkusigb kg ugwkgtà eoss oj jig` a`tkie.

Oj dours`, tm` Gyquist dut-ojj jr`qu`gdy hust c` ig ckekgdà witm tm`r`doraigb ckgawiatm. Qmis ckekgd` dkg c` vi`wà ig tm` dogt`xt oj tm`rktio oj dkptur` (s`gsor) r`soeutiog kga r`doraigb r`soeutiog. Toh` ;>=>idkhdora`rs mkv` k ;.44<; rktio c`dkus` tm`y `hpeoy dmips witm ;93>-pixès kga r`dora ogey ;11>-pixès. JueeMA dkhdora`rs mkv` k ;<; rktioc`dkus` tm`y us` s`gsors witm ;93>-pixès kga r`dora ;93>-pixès.

Rm`g tm` rktio is e`ss tmkg ;<;, tm` s`gsors kr` eihitigb tm` khougt oj jig` a`tkie tmkt dkg c` dkpturà kga r`doraà. Mow`v`r, uge`ss k viaòsibgke’s ckgawiatm is eihità to tm` r`doraigb ckgawiatm c`jor`r`doraigb‑keiksigb wiee c` b`g`rktà aurigb r`doraigb. Qmus, tm` optihkerktio is ;<;‑or mibm`r.

Keiksigb

Keiksigb kpp`krs ig hkgy jorhs.





Ttkir-st`ppigb

Ttkir-st`ppigb is visice` og aikbogkes kga is v`ry kggoyigb, y`t v`rydohhog.

Ckrc`r ^oe`You wiee tmis keiksigb krtijkdt og cotm tmidf kga tmig morizogtke kga v`rtidkeeig`s.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3>>

Igt`reig` Qwitt`r

Ks k morizogtke mkra àb`, or v`ry jig` eig`, ìtm`r hov`s up or aowg ig kjixà jrkh`, or tm` jrkh` hov`s up or aowg, or cotm6 it hky ket`rgktèyc` dkpturà cy k row oj DHOT è`h`gts or it hky jkee c`tw``g rows kgagot c` dkpturà. Ks hov`h`gt oddurs, tm` eig` ket`rgkt`s c`tw``g cìgbvisice` kga igvisice`. Qmis is dkeeà ―igt`reig` twitt`r‘ kga is dkusà cy kg

igka`qukt` v`rtidke skhpeigb r`soeutiog.Kgti-keiksigb Jiet`rs

Qm`r` kr` two typ`s oj kgti-keiksigb jiet`rs usà ig viaò dkh`rks. Og` isc`jor` tm` s`gsor(s) kga og` is kjt`r tm` s`gsor (s).

Optidke Kgti-keiksigb Jiet`r

Kg optidke eow-pkss jiet`r hky c` hougtà ig jrogt oj k s`gsor. It roees-ojj jig` a`tkie ig tm` ihkb` c`jor` it jkees og tm` DHOT s`gsor to pr`v`gt doeorHoiré.

@e`dtridke Kgti-keiksigb Jiet`r Kg è`dtridke eow-pkss jiet`r is pekdà ig tm` kgkeob pktm c`tw``g tm`s`gsor kga tm` kgkeob-to-aibitke dogv`rt`r. It kdts to f``p v`ry jig` a`tkiejroh cìgb aibitizà. Ij k a`sibg`r s`ts tm` eow-pkss jiet`r too mibm, kr`soeutiog dmkrt wiee smow tm` dkh`rk mkvigb k mibm morizogtke r`soeutiog.Mow`v`r, you wiee s`` ―stkir-st`ppigb‘ og aikbogke eig`s. Qm`s` kr`keiksigb krtijkdts.

Morizogtke S`soeutiog

@jj`dtiv` morizogtke r`soeutiog is k jugdtiog oj s`gsor r`soeutiog ràudà

cy cotm typ`s oj kgti-keiks jiet`rs. Qm`r`jor`, w` smouea got `xp`dtr`doraà morizogtke r`soeutiog to `quke tm` guhc`r oj s`gsor doeuhgs.

Dkhdora`r Hkrf`tigb ;>;

You g`à to c` kwkr` tmkt c`dkus` dohpkgi`s fgow pot`gtike cuy`rs wiee

jkvor k mibm-r`soeutiog sp`dijidktiog, tm`y hky ciks tmìr r`soeutiog t`st. Keetm`y g`à to ao is rkis` tm` dut-ojj jr`qu`gdy oj tm` kgti-keiksigb jiet`rs. Qmis,oj dours` wiee yièa visice` keiksigb. (T`` Keiksigb kcov`.)




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3>;

T`gsor Tiz`

ôpuekr s`gsor siz`s rkgb` jroh 3/4-igdm, ;/3-igdm, ;/4-igdm, ;/1-igdm,;/0-igdm, kga ;/:-igdm. Ov`r tm` ekst a`dka`s tm`r` mks c``g k tr`gatowkras tm` us` oj shkee dmips‑ketmoubm host proj`ssiogke dkh`rksdogtigu` to `hpeoy 3/4-igdm DDAs. Qm`r` kr` s`v`rke kavkgtkb`s to shkeedmips.

C`dkus` s`gsors kr` dr`ktà og rouga sieidog aisds, tm` shkee`r `kdm dmiptm` br`kt`r guhc`r tmkt dkg c` hkgujkdturà p`r aisd. Qmis duts dmipdost‑wmie`, oj dours`, keso igdr`ksigb tm` hkgujkdtur`r’s projit. Qm`shkee`r tm` s`gsor, tm` shkee`r kga e`ss `xp`gsiv` tm` optids. Kga, oj dours`, k shkee e`gs kga shkee s`gsor kss`hcey `gkce`s k hor` dohpkdtdkh`rk. Pgjortugktèy, tm`r` kr` keso s`v`rke aowgsia`s to shkee s`gsors.

Aijjrkdtiog Igt`rj`r`gd`

Ks you stop aowg kg iris (kp`rtur`), optidke aijjrkdtiog dkus`s jig` a`tkie

to ceur kga uetihktèy c` eost. Qmis `jj`dt is dkeeà ―aijjrkdtiogigt`rj`r`gd`‘ kga dkg c` s``g wm`g two poigts oj eibmt pkss tmroubm kgoptidke syst`h kga kr` prol`dtà og k cekgf surjkd`. @kdm poigt dr`kt`s kaijjrkdtiog pktt`rg dkeeà kg ―Kiry‘ aisf (smowg cèow). Ks eogb ks twoaistigdt aisfs kr` visice`, iris siz` is got dkusigb k eoss oj a`tkie.

Qwo ―Aistigdt‘ Aisfs ----------- Igaistigdt Aisfs

Kddoraigb to tm` ―Skyeìbm drit`riog,‘ two ―Kiry‘ aisfs wiee c` s``g ks twoaistigdt aisfs wm`g tm`y kr` kt e`kst mkej tmìr aikh`t`r kpkrt. Mkej tmàikh`t`r oj k aisf is `quke to k aisf’s rkaius. Qm` rkaius oj kg Kiry aisf is

;.33 tih`s tm` wkvè`gbtm oj eibmt `gt`rigb k e`gs tih`s tm` j-stop oj tmè`gs.

J-stop is tm` rktio oj jodke e`gbtm kga iris aikh`t`r. Jor `xkhpe`, k ;>hhaikh`t`r kp`rtur` og k =>hh e`gs is j/=. Ks k rktio, it is iga`p`ga`gt oj tm` kdtuke jodke e`gbtm kga kdtuke kp`rtur` siz`.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3>3

Qm`r`jor`, tm` kcieity oj tm` ihkb` s`gsor to aisdrihigkt` a`tkies a`p`gasog cotm a`tkie doeor kga tm` j-stop kt wmidm you mkv` s`t tm` dkh`rk’se`gs.

Ritm ;/4.3-igdm (.4;-igdm), 1 h`bkpixè s`gsors, Sà a`tkies wiee c` de`krto j/;; wmie` Br``g a`tkies wiee c` de`kr to j/=. Ceu` a`tkies wiee c` de`kr toj/0.:. Ia`keey, you ao got wkgt to stop aowg jurtm`r tmkg j/0.:, cutc`dkus` tm` kvkiekce` `xposur` rkgb` wiee c` too shkee, tm` higihuh wieeg`à to c` j/=.

A`ptm-oj-Jièa

Rm`g you jodus og k jekt ocl`dt eif` k sibg, tm`r` is k rkgb` ig jrogt oj tm`sibg kga c`miga tm` sibg ig wmidm otm`r sibgs wiee c` ig jodus. Qmis rkgbìs dkeeà A`ptm-oj-Jièa (AOJ). K ekrb` or shkee A`ptm-oj-jièa is gìtm`rigm`r`gtey booa gor cka. It kee a`p`gas og your g`às.

Ig hkgy dks`s, `sp`dikeey jor jiehhkfigb, tm` air`dtor wkgts k v`ry

smkeeow A`ptm-oj-jièa, wmidm f``ps ckdfbrouga a`tkie out oj jodus.Ziaòbrkpm`rs typidkeey wkgt k ekrb` A`ptm-oj-jièa c`dkus` it hkf`sjodusigb e`ss dritidke c`dkus` it e`ts you f``p tm` a`ptm oj kg `gtir` sd`gìg jodus. A`ptm-oj-Jièa is a`dr`ksà wm`g tm` iris (kp`rtur`) is op`gà,`.b., towkra j/;.=. Mow`v`r, ihkb` qukeity dkg sujj`r ij tm` iris is jueeyop`gà. Ia`keey, tm` ekrb`st J-stop you smouea us` is j/3.=. (T`` IhkbÀ`brkaktiog kt Hkxihuh Kp`rtur` cèow.) A`ptm-oj-Jièa is kesoa`dr`ksà cy smootigb witm tm` e`gs zoohà to juee tè`pmoto.

Mow`v`r, tm` prih` a`t`rhig`r oj A`ptm-oj-Jièa is tm` siz` oj tm` s`gsor.

Qm` shkee`r tm` s`gsor, tm` br`kt`r tm` A`ptm-oj-Jièa. Jor tmis r`ksog,hkgy jiehhkf`rs ao got eif` to us` dkh`rks witm s`gsors tmkt h`ksurè`ss tmkg 3/4-igdm.

Eibmt T`gsitivity

Ks s`gsor siz` c`doh`s shkee`r, `gbig``rs mkv` k toubm dmoid` to hkf`.@itm`r a`dr`ks` tm` guhc`r oj è`h`gts kga f``p è`h`gt siz` dogstkgt,or igdr`ks` è`h`gt dougt kga a`dr`ks` è`h`gt siz`. De`krey, MA s`gsorshust dmoos` tm` ektt`r pktm.

@kdm s`gsor è`h`gt bktm`rs k tigy portiog oj tm` eibmt jroh tm` ihkb`.Qm` shkee`r kg è`h`gt, tm` eow`r tm` kcieity kg è`h`gt mks to bktm`rpmotogs. Qm`r`jor`, ks DDA kga DHOT a`gsity is igdr`ksà, s`gsor eibmts`gsitivity a`dr`ks`s. Qm`r`jor`, w` smouea got c` surprisà to jiga MAdkh`rks ojj`rigb e`ss s`gsitivity tmkg TA dkh`rks.





Oj dours`, kavkgd`s ig t`dmgoeoby dkg keso igdr`ks` s`gsor s`gsitivity.Og` sudm t`dmgoeoby is tm` pekd`h`gt oj hidro-e`gs`s ov`r `kdm s`gsorè`h`gt. Pgjortugktèy, `kdm e`gs dkg dr`kt` purpe` beow (mkektiog) jrohEogbituaigke (or kxike) Dmrohktid Kc`rrktiog.

Ihkb` A`brkaktiog kt Hkxihuh Kp`rtur`

Ihkb` qukeity dkg sujj`r jroh eibmt jkee-ojj6 dorg`r sojt`gigb6 kgaEogbituaigke (or kxike) Dmrohktid Kc`rrktiog (ig tm` jorh oj k purpe` beowkrouga ocl`dts) wm`g smootigb wia` op`g. Qm`r`jor`, tm` ia`ke kp`rtur`s`ttigb typidkeey is shkee`r tmkg j/3.=. Rmidm h`kgs tm` br`kt`r tm` DDAor DHOT s`gsitivity, tm` e`ss g`à to us` hkxihuh kp`rtur` s`ttigbs.

Ekt`rke Dmrohktid Kc`rrktiog

Ekt`rke (or Qrkgsv`rs`) Dmrohktid Kc`rrktiog is aijj`r`gt jrohEogbituaigke Dmrohktid c`dkus` it is got igdr`ksà or a`dr`ksà cy e`gskp`rtur`. Ekt`rke Dmrohktid Kc`rrktiog is typidkeey visice` og mibm-dogtrkst

ocl`dts ks hkb`gtk outeig`s og` sia` kga br``g outeig`s og tm` otm`rsia`. Qm` kc`rrktiog is igdr`ksà kt eogb`r jodke e`gbtm.



Kpp`gaix C< Kgkeob Kuaio Dogg`dtiogs


Kpp`gaix C< Kgkeob KuaioDogg`dtiogs

Pgckekgdà Dogg`dtiogsQm` kuaio sibgke is s`gt aowg k sigbe`, igsuektà eig` tmkt is dov`rà cycrkia. Qm` crkia, wmidm is usukeey dogg`dtà to dmkssis brouga kt `kdm`ga, mks two jugdtiogs. Jirst, tm` crkia kdts ks k ―smièa‘ to mèp prot`dttm` sibgke jroh gois` igaudà ogto tm` sibgke e`ka. T`doga, tm` crkiaprovia`s tm` ―r`turg-pktm‘ jor tm` sibgke.

Gorhkeey ugckekgdà dogg`dtiogs worf jig`. Mow`v`r, ij tm`r` kr` strogbsourd`s oj gois` ig tm` `gvirogh`gt tm`y dkg pkss tmroubm tm` smièa.Tudm gois` dkg doh` jroh 0>Mz/:>Mz pow`r-eig`s, ;>>Mz/;3>Mz ―cuzz‘ jroh jeuor`sd`gt eibmts, kga SJ sibgkes jroh rkaio/tè`visiog stktiogs kga`quiph`gt (`sp`dikeey dohput`rs). Qm` sibgke, peus kgy gois` tmkt mksc``g pidfà-up, kr` igput kt tm` r`dìvigb `ga. Ks tm` khougt oj goisìgdr`ks`s, tm` dogg`dtiog's sibgke-to-gois` rktio is a`dr`ksà.

You dkg r`dobgiz` ugckekgdà dogg`dtiogs cy tm` jkdt tm`y kr` typidkeeyt`rhigktà witm SDK dogg`dtors. ^mog`-peubs (;/1-igdm) kga higi-peubs(;/=-igdm) dkg keso c` usà ks ugckekgdà dogg`dtors. Qm`s` peubs mkv`two-dogaudtors. Pgckekgdà dogg`dtiogs kr` t`rhigktà ig k mibm-ihpàkgd` (ojt`g dkeeà "mibm-\") eoka.

You dkg purdmks` ugckekgdà-to-ckekgdà dogv`rt`rs. C` sur` youdmoos` tmos` tmkt mkv` k wèe-smièaà igt`rgke trkgsjorh`r. Ig kaaitiog,c` sur` tm` dogv`rsiog jroh ugckekgdà to ckekgdà is aog` ks deos` kspossice` to tm` ugckekgdà `ga.

Ckekgdà Dogg`dtiogs

Qm` sibgke is s`gt aowg two igsuektà eig`s tmkt kr` twistà krouga `kdmotm`r kga dov`rà cy crkia. (Qm` eig`s kr` twistà to `gsur` kgy gois`

igtroaudà is igaudà `qukeey ig cotm eig`s.) Qm` sibgke is s`gt ov`r tm`two eig`s ―out-oj-pmks`.‘ Qm` crkia, wmidm is usukeey dogg`dtà to dmkssisbrouga kt `kdm `ga, mks two jugdtiogs. Jirst, tm` crkia kdts ks k ―smièa‘ to mèp prot`dt tm` sibgke jroh gois` igaudà ogto tm` sibgke e`kas.T`doga, tm` crkia provia`s tm` ―r`turg-pktm‘ jor tm` sibgke.



Kpp`gaix C< Kgkeob Kuaio Dogg`dtiogs

Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3>:

Rm`g k ckekgdà dogg`dtiog is ihh`rsà ig k strogb sourd` oj gois`, orwm`g tm` sourd` kga a`stigktiog `quiph`gt is kt aijj`r`gt dmkssis-brougapot`gtikes, gois` is igaudà `qukeey ig cotm sibgke eig`s. Qmis gois` isigaudà ―ig-pmks`.‘ Kt tm` r`dìvigb `ga, tm` sibgke is octkigà jroh tm` ―aijj`r`gd`‘ c`tw``g tm` two eig`s. Qm` ig-pmks` gois` is tm`r`cydkgdèà kga so tm` sibgke-to-gois` rktio r`hkigs mibm.

You dkg r`dobgiz` ckekgdà dogg`dtiogs c`dkus` tm`y kr` t`rhigktàwitm ]ES (4-pig) dogg`dtors. Ckekgdà dogg`dtiogs kr` usukeey t`rhigktàig k :>>-omh eoka‑ketmoubm k mibm-ihpàkgd` (ojt`g dkeeà k ―mibm-\‘)eoka keso is usà.

Tibgke E`vès

Hid e`vès typidkeey rkgb` jroh —1>aC to -:>aCu. Qm`s` sibgkes kr` v`rytigy dohpkrà to ―eig` e`vè‘ sibgkes. Qm`r` kr` tmr`` eig` e`vès< -;>aCu,

-=aCu, kga +1aCu. Qm` jirst is tm` e`vè usà cy dogsuh`r `quiph`gt.Qm` ektt`r two kr` tm` mibm`r e`vès usà cy proj`ssiogke `quiph`gt.(G`bktiv` vkeu`s kr` sojt`r tmkg shkee`r g`bktiv` vkeu`s or positiv`vkeu`s.) Hkgy pi`d`s oj pro b`kr mkv` switdm`s tmkt dkg s`t output kgaigput r`j`r`gd` e`vès to ìtm`r +1aCu or -;>aCu.

Rm`g you g`à to igput k ―eig` e`vè‘ sibgke igto dogsuh`r dkhdora`r’shid lkdf, purdmks` k #13-31:; :>ac ktt`guktigb dkce` jroh Skaio Tmkdf.Qmis dkce` wiee ràud` k —;>aCu sibgke to kcout —2>aCu.



Kpp`gaix D< K Cit kcout KZD



Qm` igtroaudtiog oj r`doraigb `quiph`gt `hpeoyigb M.3:1, witm "jiaèityrkgb` `xt`gsiogs" (JS@xt), mks dr`ktà k vikce` ket`rgktiv` to `quiph`gtusigb eogb BO^ H^@B-3. Qm` H^@B-1, ^krt ;>, M.3:1/KZD doa`d,

durr`gtey is kvkiekce` ig two r`doraigb ihpe`h`gtktiogs< KZD-Igtrk(^kgksogid) kga KZDMA (Dkgog, ^kgksogid, kga Togy).

Qm` jorh`r, jor proj`ssiogke us`, `hpeoys igtrk-jrkh` `gdoaigb wmie` tmèktt`r, durr`gtey jor dogsuh`r us`, `hpeoys igt`r-jrkh` `gdoaigb.Ketmoubm got v`rsiogs oj tm` skh` doa`d, cotm kr` hkrf`tà witm sihiekrdekihs oj cìgb ―twid` ks `jjidi`gt ks H^@B-3.‘

M.3:1 I Teid` @gdoaigb

M.3:1 igtrk-`gdoaigb `hpeoys t`dmgiqu`s tmkt ràud` spktike

ràugakgdi`s. Sàugakgdi`s `xist c`dkus` soh` ihkb` kr`ks kr`gkturkeey dorrèktà witm otm`r ihkb` kr`ks.

Qm` prod`ss c`bigs cy pkrtitiogigb kg igdohigb pidtur` igto ;:];: pixèhkdroceodfs. @kdm hkdroceodf is jurtm`r pkrtitiogà igto sixt``g 1x1 pixèsuc-hkdroceodfs. Qm` `gdoa`r us`s tm` jorh`r ceodf siz` jor bross a`tkiekga tm` ektt`r jor jig` a`tkie.

^r`vious (r`j`r`gd`) ceodfs kr` usà ks k sourd` oj r`j`r`gd` pixès.

Qm`s` ceodfs wiee mkv` ker`kay c``g `gdoaà kga a`doaà. (M.3:1supports kg kakptiv` a`ceodfigb jiet`r tmkt ktt`gukt`s dohpr`ssiogceodfigb krtijkdts kga op`rkt`s aurigb `gdoaigb kga a`doaigb.)

S`j`r`gd` pixès kr` eodktà kt tm` e`jt kga upp`r cougakri`s c`tw``g pr`vious ceodfs kga tm` durr`gt ceodf. Qm` ;:];: hkdroceodf pràidtiogskr` hka` usigb 1 pràidtiog hoa`s. (Jibur` ;.) ^ràidtiogs kr` hka` jor1x1 or =x= ceodfs usigb 9 pràidtiog hoa`s. (Jibur` 3.)

Jibur` ;< Jour ^ràidtiog Hoa`s jor ;:x;: Ceodfs




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3>=

Jibur` 3< Gig` ^ràidtiog Hoa`s jor 1x1 Ceodfs

Qm` hoa` tmkt ―c`st‘ pràidts tm` dogt`gt oj tm` durr`gt ceodf is sè`dtàks tm` Durr`gt Hoa`. Qm` Durr`gt Hoa` is usà to b`g`rkt` k pràidtàceodf jroh tm` r`j`r`gd` pixès. (Jibur` 4.)

Jibur` 4< ^ràidtà Ceodf usigb ―Hoa` 1‘

K r`siauke (`rror) ceodf, dohputà ks tm` aijj`r`gd` c`tw``g tm`pràidtà ceodf kga tm` durr`gt ceodf, is tm`g igt`b`r trkgsjorhà. M.3:1`hpeoys 1 x 1 kga = x = igt`b`r trkgsjorhs rktm`r tmkg k ADQ trkgsjorh.(Igt`b`r trkgsjorhs pr`v`gt hishktdm`s c`tw``g `gdoa`rs kgaa`doa`rs.) G`xt, tm` r`suets jroh tm` trkgsjorh kr` qukgtizà kga`gtropy doaà.





Rmie` H^@B-3 us`s ZED to jurtm`r ràud` aktk, M.3:1 `hpeoys DKCKD(dogt`xt-kakptiv` cigkry-kritmh`tid doaigb) or DKZED (dogt`xt-kakptiv`vkrikce`-e`gbtm doaigb) `gtropy doaigb. Cotm DKZED kga DKCKD kr`supportà cy tm` Hkig, Mibm-;>, kga Mibm-133 ^rojie`s.

Togy kga ^kgksogid (dogsuh`r KZDMA) us` M.3:1 Hkig ^rojie` tmkt

kewkys us`s 1]1 pixè ceodfs. Dkgog us`s M.3:1 Mibm ^rojie` tmktpot`gtikeey supports mibm`r viaò qukeity. Kr`ks witm mibm a`tkie kr`dohpr`ssà usigb 1x1 pixè ceodfs wmie` kr`ks witm eow a`tkie kr`dohpr`ssà usigb =]= pixè ceodfs. Qm` ektt`r b`g`rkt`s e`ss aktk, sohor` ckgawiatm is kvkiekce` jor aktk jroh jig` a`tkie kr`ks. (Ceu-rky’sM.3:1 us`s Mibm ^rojie`.)

Igtrk-`gdoaà ceodfs wm`g broupà tob`tm`r yièa kg I ―seid`.‘ Kpidtur`‑k jièa or jrkh`‑is `gdoaà ks og` or hor` seid`s, up to khkxihuh oj = seid`s.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3;>

M.3:1 ^ kga C Teid` @gdoaigb

M.3:1 b`g`rkt`s ^ kga C seid`s usigb t`dmgiqu`s tmkt ràud` t`hporke

ràugakgdi`s. Ks witm H^@B-3, t`hporke dohpr`ssiog `hpeoys hotiog`stihktiog. Mow`v`r, ugeif` H^@B-3, M.3:1 hotiog `stihkt`s hky c`

dkeduektà witm k jig`r, qukrt`r-pixè kddurkdy.M.3:1 `gdoaigb dkg us` ;:x;:, ;:x=, =x;:, =x= pixè hkdroceodfs or=x1, 1x=, or 1x1 pixè suc-hkdroceodfs. (Jibur` 1.) Qm` `gdoa`r jirsta`t`rhig`s tm` c`st siz` ceodf to wmidm it wiee kppey hotiog `stihktiog.Jor `xkhpe`, ;:x;: hoa` is ia`ke jor de`kr sfy.

Jibur` 1< @ibmt Hkdroceodf Hoa`s

H`tmoaidkeey, kppropriktèy sizà ceodfs ig otm`r pidtur`s kr` s`krdmà jortm` dogt`gts oj tm` durr`gt hkdroceodf or suchkdroceodf. M.3:1 supportss`krdmigb witmig up to 0 pidtur`s c`jor` or kjt`r tm` durr`gt pidtur`.(KZDMA supports s`krdm`s witmig 1 pidtur`s. T`` Jibur` 0.)

Jibur` 0< Hotiog Z`dtors jroh S`j`r`gd` Ceodfs




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3;;

Qm` ceodf witm tm` c`st dogt`gt hktdm c`doh`s tm` r`j`r`gd` ceodf. Ksigbe` hotiog v`dtor jor tm` durr`gt ceodf is a`jigà jroh tmàispekd`h`gt c`tw``g tmis r`j`r`gd` ceodf kga tm` durr`gt ceodf orsuchkdroceodf.

^ràidtà ceodfs jor tm` durr`gt pidtur` kr` dohputà jroh r`j`r`gd`ceodfs usigb tm`s` hotiog v`dtors. S`siauke (Aijj`r`gd` Jrkh`s) ceodfs,dohputà jroh tm` aijj`r`gd`s c`tw``g pràidtà ceodfs kga kdtukeceodfs, kr` dkeduektà.

S`siauke ceodfs, peus kee hotiog v`dtors, kr` igt`b`r trkgsjorhà,qukgtizà, kga tm`g `gtropy doaà.

S`siauke ceodfs dogstrudtà ks a`sdricà kcov` ‑ usigb k sigbe` hotiogv`dtor p`r r`j`r`gd` ceodf‑kr` broupà igto k ^-seid`. S`siauke ceodfsdohputà jroh two v`dtors kr` broupà igto k C-seid`. Ritm M.3:1, ―ci‘ h`kgs two v`dtors‑got two air`dtiogs.

@kdm pidtur`‑k viaò jièa or jrkh`‑is `gdoaà ks og` or hor` seid`s.(Jibur` :.) Qm` `gdoa`r sè`dts jroh 2 possice` seid` krrkgb`h`gts.Ritmig k pidtur`‑I, ^, kga C seid`s dkg do`xist.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3;3

Jibur` :< îdtur`s witm Qmr`` Teid` Qyp`s kga Qwo Teid` Qyp`s

Ketmoubm it g`à got‑kt r`buekr jrkh`-dougts kga/or kt sd`g` dmkgb`s,kg M.3:1 `gdoa`r dkg output kg I jrkh`‑k pidtur` witm kee igtrk-`gdoaàseid`s, tm`r`cy cr`kfigb k aktk str`kh igto BO^s.

Qm` Soe` oj Igt`r-jrkh` @gdoaigb

Qm` sopmistidktà igt`r-jrkh` `gdoaigb t`dmgiqu`s kvkiekce` jroh tm`M.3:1 tooefit kr` dekihà to provia` twid` tm` `jjidi`gdy oj eogb BO^H^@B-3. Durr`gt KZDMA dkhdora`rs r`dora JueeMA (;93>x;>=>) witm1<3<> skhpeigb. Kssuhigb k 3] kavkgtkb`, tm`y smouea ojj`r MAZ qukeitykt ;:Hcps. Kga iga`à, t`sts r`port KZDMA visuke qukeity hktdm`s30Hcps, 1<3<>, MAZ ogd` aktk-rkt`s r`kdm ;:Hcps.

Qm` durr`gt jodus og KZDMA’s storkb` `jjidi`gdy wiee dmkgb` wm`g^kgksogid’s jirst KZDDKH dkhdora`r smips ig tm` jkee oj 3>>=. Qm` KB-MHD;0> wiee r`dora JueeMA kt 3;Hcps‑k aktk-rkt` kpproxihktèy `quketo 43Hcps eogb BO^ H^@B-3.



Kpp`gaix A< Dmoosigb k Jekt-pkgè Aispeky


Kpp`gaix A< Dmoosigb k Jekt-pkgèAispeky

^robr`ssiv` MA aispekys kr` gow tm` gorh, y`t igt`rekd` MA is host

pr`vke`gt. Qo prop`rey aispeky igt`rekd` viaò, it hust c` aìgt`rekdà.

Jekt-pkgè Op`rktiog

K DSQ-cksà MA aispeky wiee, ov`r k jièa-tih` oj ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga,arkw kpproxihktèy 01>-eig`s og tm` sdr``g. Our `y`s igt`brkt` tm`s`two 01>-eig` jièas igto k sigbe` ;>=>-eig` jrkh`.

Jekt-pkgè aispekys witm ;>=>-rows oj pixès jugdtiog v`ry aijj`r`gtey.

@kdm ;/0>

tm

or ;/:>

tm

s`doga, tm`y pr`s`gt ;>=>-rows to tm` `y`.ôt`gtikeey, tmis is twid` ks hudm igjorhktiog. Mow`v`r, tm`r` is tm`qu`stiog oj wmkt p`rd`gt oj tm`s` eig`s kr` jieeà witm kdtuke viaò a`tkie.‘ R` g`à kg uga`rstkgaigb oj aìgt`rekdigb to kgsw`r tmis qu`stiog.

Ziaò-hoa` Aìgt`rekdigb Q`stà

Ig tm` Hkrdm 3>>: issu` oj Moh` Qm`kt`r hkbkzig`, Bkry H`rsog t`stà01 3>>0 hoaè MAQZs oj kee typ`s. Qm`s` MAQZs w`r` probr`ssivàispekys witm 23>-rows, 2:=-rows, or ;>=>-rows. Kehost mkej oj tm`

hoaès t`stà jkieà to prop`rey aìgt`rekd` k ;>=>i sibgke , r`suetigb ig keoss oj v`rtidke r`soeutiog.

H`rsog usà k ;>=>i TH^Q@ ;44 t`st pktt`rg. Ig tm` dorg`rs kga to tm`ribmt oj tm` hiaae` oj tm` pktt`rg tm`r` kr` cox`s witm ket`rgktigbmorizogtke cekdf kga wmit` eig`s k sigbe` pixè mibm. Qm` MAQZ s`gas tm`wmit` eig`s (oaa guhc`rà) to tm` jirst jièa kga tm` cekdf eig`s (`v`gguhc`rà) to tm` s`doga jièa. Qo kaa k hotiog to tm` ihkb`, k deodfwis`rotktigb wmit` eig` is positiogà og tm` e`jt sia` oj tm` pktt`rg.

Ij k biv`g aispeky prop`rey prod`ss`s kee oj tm` eig`s, tm` pktt`rg'sket`rgktigb morizogtke eig`s smouea r`hkig igtkdt. Ij, mow`v`r, tm` aispekyogey us`s 01>-eig` jièas (kee oaa- or kee `v`g-guhc`rà eig`s) kga tm`gupdogv`rts tm`s` 01>-eig` jièas to tm` MAQZ's v`rtidke r`soeutiog, tm`cox`s wiee ket`rgkt` c`tw``g kee cekdf kga kee wmit`. Qmis strocigb ishkrfà ks k ―jkieur`.‘





Juee MA

Juee MA h`kgs tm` aispeky pkgè mks ;93>x;>=> è`h`gts tmkt kr`pr`s`gtà kt 0>Mz (0>p) or :>Mz (:>p.) Qm`r` is, oj dours`, gotmigb g`wkcout 0>p/:>p, sigd` jekt-pkgè QZs mkv` kewkys r`jr`smà kee pixès ktìtm`r 0>Mz or :>Mz. Qm` prohis` oj Juee MA is tmkt tm`s` MAQZs mkv` tm`pixès g`d`sskry to aispeky kee tm` pixès dkrrià ig k ;>=>i crokadkst6 orstorà og k ;>=>p Ceu-rky or MA AZA aisd. You hky ker`kay mkv``gdougt`rà tm` Juee MA eobo.

To mow ao Juee MA MAQZs p`rjorh? Pgjortugktèy, ks H`rsog r`ports igtm` Odtoc`r 3>>: issu` oj Moh` Qm`kt`r , tm` jkieur`-rkt` ig mis s`dogat`st wks `v`g br`kt`r. Got booa g`ws.

Ig mis Gov`hc`r 3>>2 krtide`, H`rsog r`ports tm` jkieur`-rkt` aia arop ksQZ hkgujkdtur`s ihprovà aìgt`rekd`r qukeity. Pgjortugktèy, ogey :0-p`rd`gt oj tm` t`stà MAQZs pkssà. C`tt`r, cut got br`kt.

Hkgy mkv` r`spogaà to H`rsog’s t`sts cy dohh`gtigb tm`r` is ―go wky

tm`y wouea got gotid` sudm k r`soeutiog eoss.‘ Qmis r`spogs` is cotmvkeia‑kga igvkeia. Pge`ss you us` og` oj tm` g`w Juee MA MAQZs, youmkv` g`v`r mka k dmkgd` to s`` ;>=>-eig` viaò. Hkgy, ij got host,durr`gtey igstkeeà MAQZs mkv` ogey 1=>-, 23>-, or 2:=-eig`s. Ig tm` jirstdks`, `kdm jièa is sdkeà aowg to 1=>-eig`s wmie` ig tm` ektt`r two dks`s,`kdm jièa is sdkeà up to ìtm`r 23>- or 2:=-eig`s.





H`rsog mks, mow`v`r, ov`rstktà tm` s`riousg`ss oj tm` situktiog cydr`ktigb tm` dogd`pt oj k ―jkieigb‘ MAQZ. Qm` r`keity is tmkt QZs vkry igtm` a`br`` tm`y provia` tm` vi`w`r witm kee possice` igjorhktiog. Rmidmrkis`s tm` ocvious qu`stiog‑mow hudm v`rtidke igjorhktiog is possice`?

Qmos` t`stigb aispekys kssuh` k jièa dkrri`s 01>-eig`s oj igjorhktiog.Ao`s tmis vkeu` a`jig` tm` hkxihuh possice` igjorhktiog tmkt dkg càispekyà `kdm jièa-tih`?

Got `xkdtey. It turgs out tmkt a`p`gaigb og tm` gktur` oj kg MAQZ’saìgt`rekd`r, hor` igjorhktiog dkg c` pr`s`gtà. Ig jkdt, it is possice` topr`s`gt ;>=>-eig`s oj viaò igjorhktiog `v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga cyusigb k aìgt`rekd` t`dmgiqu` dkeeà ―w`kv`.‘

R`kv` dohcig`s `v`g- kga oaa-eig`s igto k sigbe` ;>=>-eig`-jrkh`‑`v`ry ;/30tm or ;/4>tm s`doga. @kdm jrkh` is s`gt to tm` pkgètwid` aurigb k jrkh`-tih` (;/30tm or ;/4>tm s`doga). Cy s`gaigb `kdmjrkh` twid`, tm` MAQZ’s r`jr`sm rkt` is 0>Mz or :>Mz. Ritm ;>=> QZE kstm` c`gdmhkrf‑k MAQZ tmkt ogey pr`s`gts 01>-eig`s, is a``hà cyH`rsog, to ―jkie.‘ Qmos` tmkt jkieà‑usà ―coc‘ aìgt`rekdigb.

Ziaò-hoa` Aìgt`rekdigb Q`dmgoeobi`s

Qm`r` kr` huetipe` wkys to kddohpeism aìgt`rekdigb, tm`s` h`tmoas jkeeigto two dkt`bori`s< gog-kakptiv` (coc, w`kv`, kga 3A JIS) kga kakptiv`(jrkh`-kakptiv` kga r`biog-kakptiv`).

coc/eig`-aouceà/jièa-aouceà(;) Qo dogv`rt igt`rekd` viaò to mkej-mìbmt probr`ssiv`, `v`ry otm`r jièais sihpey aisdkraà. Aoigb so arops v`rtidke r`soeutiog cy 0>-p`rd`gt. Qosoh`, tm` dogstrudtà ihkb` s``hs to vicrkt` up kga aowg6 m`gd`, tmisprod`ss is dkeeà ―coc‘ aìgt`rekdigb.

(3) Qo f``p v`rtidke jrkh` mìbmt dogstkgt, ks `kdm jièa is igput, `v`ryeig` is aupeidktà kga igs`rtà ks ket`rgkt` eig`s ig kg output jrkh`.Qm`s` aupeidkt` eig`s, peus tm` oribigke eig`s, dr`kt` k probr`ssiv` jrkh`.Z`rtidke r`soeutiog is ràudà cy 0>-p`rd`gt dohpkrà to tm` oribigke

jrkh`s. Qmis is dkeeà eig`-aouceà aìgt`rekdigb.

(4) Ks `kdm 01>-eig` jièa is igput, kg igt`rpoektor b`g`rkt`s tm` g`àà(rà) pixès jroh pixès (cekdf) ig tm` eig`s air`dtey kcov` kga cèowdr`ktà eig`s.




Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3;:

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Qm` r`suet is k sygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` tmkt is s`gt to tm` aispeky pkgè`kdm jièa-tih`‑`v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. Aikbogkes kr` got mkgaeàwèe c`dkus` tm` igt`rpoektor dkggot dr`kt` pixès sigd` tm`r` kr` gopixès kcov` kga cèow tm` eodktiogs wm`r` tm`y smouea c` pekdà (yèeowdèes). @jj`dtiv` v`rtidke r`soeutiog is eihità to 01> QZE p`r jièa-tih`.Qmis is dkeeà jièa-aouceà aìgt`rekdigb.

R`kv`

R`kv` dohcig`s oaa-eig`s jroh tm` durr`gt jrkh` witm tm` `v`g-eig`sjroh tm` pr`vious jrkh` igto k ;>=>-eig` ―jrkh`.‘ G`xt, `v`g-eig`s ig tm`durr`gt jrkh` kr` wov`g witm oaa-eig`s ig tm` durr`gt jrkh` igto k ;>=>-





eig` ―jrkh`.‘ Qmus, k sygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` is dr`ktà `kdm jièa tih`.C`dkus` igjorhktiog jroh aijj`r`gt hoh`gts ig tih` is dohcigà, hovigbocl`dts wiee mkv` dohcigb og tmìr àb`s. K s`doga-stkb`, isotropid jiet`ris dritidke to ce`gaigb pixès kt tm` àb`s oj hovigb ocl`dts ig ora`r toràud` dohcigb.

Qm` r`suet is k sygtm`tid ;>=>-eig` jrkh` tmkt is s`gt to tm` aispeky pkgè`kdm jièa-tih`‑`v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. S`soeutiog t`sts wieeigaidkt` kg `jj`dtiv` v`rtidke r`soeutiog oj up to ;>=> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`.

3A JIS

Ks `kdm 01>-eig` jièa is igput, it is v`rtidkeey sdkeà to k ;>=>-eig` jrkhùsigb k 3A JIS jiet`r. K 3A JIS jiet`r dkg mkv` k shkee or ekrb` guhc`r ―tkps‘ wm`r` `kdm tkp is k skhpe` (ceu` dèes). Durr`gt jiet`rs mkv` up to;>31 tkps6 wmidm wouea support k 43x43 wigaow krouga `kdm tkrb`t pixè(yèeow dèes).

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Dopyribmt 3>>= cy Tt`v` Huee`g 3;=

Qm` b`g`rktà pixès (rà aots) yièa k jrkh` witm rèktivèy j`w lkbbi`s.@kdm igt`rpoektà ;>=>-eig` jrkh` is s`gt to tm` pkgè `kdm jièatih`‑`v`ry ;/0>tm or ;/:>tm s`doga. Z`rtidke r`soeutiog wiee c` up to =>>QZE p`r jièa-tih` c`dkus` 3A JIS jiet`rs dkg igdr`ks` r`soeutiog cy up to;.1].

Jrkh`-cksà Hotiog Kakptiv` Aìgt`rekdigbJrkh`-kakptiv` aìgt`rekdigb us`s eobid to h`ksur` hotiog c`tw``gjièas. Jor stktid jrkh`s‑jrkh`s witm eitte` or go hotiog‑w`kv` is`hpeoyà. Jor aygkhid jrkh`s‑jrkh`s witm hotiog‑ìtm`r k cocigt`rpoektor or k 3A JIS jiet`r is usà to b`g`rkt` jrkh`s. Jor stktid viaò,v`rtidke r`soeutiog wiee c` up to ;>=> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`. Hotiog viaò wieeprovia` up to 01> QZE or =>> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`.

S`biog-cksà Hotiog Kakptiv` Aìgt`rekdigb

S`biog-kakptiv` aìgt`rekdigb us`s eobid to h`ksur` igt`r-jièa hotiog

witmig ―r`biogs.‘

Igt`r-eig` S`biog

@kdm ;>=>-eig` jrkh` is prod`ssà og k eig`-cy-eig` cksis to jiga tmosèig`s tmkt kr` dkrryigb hotiog kga tmos` tmkt kr` got. Jor stktid viaò,v`rtidke r`soeutiog wiee c` up to ;>=> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`. Hotiog viaò wieeyièa up to 01> QZE or =>> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`.

Igtrk-eig` S`biog

@kdm ;>=>-eig` jrkh` is prod`ssà og k pixè-cy-pixè cksis to jiga tmos`

pixès tmkt kr` dkrryigb hotiog kga tmos` tmkt kr` got. Jor stktid viaò,v`rtidke r`soeutiog wiee c` up to ;>=> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`. Hotiog viaò wieeyièa up to 01> QZE or =>> QZE, p`r jièa-tih`.

:>i v`rs`s :>p Dogg`dtiog

Qm` qu`stiog oj wmkt typ` oj viaò dkg c` igput cy k aispeky mks gorè`vkgd` jor ;>=>i:> viaò‑ks k ;>=>i dogg`dtiog is kee tmkt is r`quirà.Qm` qu`stiog, mow`v`r, is rè`vkgt jor 31jps jieh kga 31jps viaòr`doraà og Ceu-rky kga MA AZA aisds.

Hkgy Ceu-rky kga MA AZA peky`rs ojj`r cotm ;>=>i:> kga ;>=>p:>output. Ij you owg og` oj tm`s` peky`rs, is tm`r` kgy kavkgtkb` to cuyigbkg MAQZ tmkt mks k :>p igput? Hkgujkdtur`rs dekih tm`r` kr` c`g`jits tousigb k :>p dogg`dtiog.





Mow`v`r, sf`ptids oj ―:>p‘ dogg`dtiogs poigt-out tmkt your MAQZ wieea`t`dt 3-4 pueeaowg (kppeià to trkgshit 31p ov`r k :>i dogg`dtiog) kgajieh-hoa` aìgt`rekdigb wiee c` kppeià. Qm`r`jor`, tm`r` is go r`ke g`àjor k :>p dogg`dtiog. Rmo is dorr`dt?

Jieh-hoa` Aìgt`rekdigb

Qo dorr`dtey aispeky 31jps hkt`rike (usukeey jieh), k aìgt`rekd`r hustdorr`dtey s`gs` tmkt tm` :>i viaò str`kh is dkrryigb 31p. Qo ao tmis, ithogitors tm` jeow oj jièas.

Ks smowg cèow, wm`g k aìgt`rekd`r `gdougt`rs k str`kh oj ;>-jièas igwmidm< tm` 4ra kga 0tm (ceu`) jièas kr` ia`gtidke peus tm` =tm kga ;>tm(br``g) jièas kr` ia`gtidke‑tm` aìgt`rekd`r switdm`s to "jieh-hoa`."

Jrkh` K Jrkh` C Jrkh` D Jrkh` A

K-

`v`geig`s

K-

oaaeig`s

C-

`v`geig`s

C-oaa

eig`s

C-

`v`geig`s

D-

oaaeig`s

D-

`v`geig`s

A-

oaaeig`s

A-

`v`geig`s

A-oaa

eig`s

@v`g

;

Oaa

3

@v`g

4

Oaa

1

@v`g

0

Oaa

:

@v`g

2

Oaa

=

@v`g

9

Oaa

;>

Ziaò Jrkh` ; Ziaò Jrkh` 3 Ziaò Jrkh` 4 Ziaò Jrkh` 1 Ziaò Jrkh` 0

Ig jieh-hoa`, 01>-eig` jièas ; kga 3 kr` dohcigà to hkf` og` ;>=>-eig` probr`ssiv` jrkh`‑wmidm is tm`g aispekyà twid`.

JI@EA ;

JI@EA :

JI@EA 3

JI@EA 2

JI@EA 4

JI@EA 9

JI@EA 1

JI@EA ;>

OAA @Z@G OAA @Z@G

01>-eig`s 01>-eig`s 01>-eig`s 01>-eig`s

;>=>-eig`s ;>=>-eig`s

% % %;>=>-eig`s ;>=>-eig`s ;>=>-eig`s ;>=>-eig`s ;>=>-eig`s

Jrkh` K Jrkh` C Jrkh` D Jrkh` A Jrkh` @

Gow, 01>-eig` jièas 4 kga 1 kr` dohcigà to hkf` kgotm`r ;>=>-eig`probr`ssiv` jrkh`‑wmidm is tm`g aispekyà tmr`` tih`s. Jour jièas mkv`gow c``g dogv`rtà to jiv` jrkh`s.





Jièa 0 is sfippà. Qm` g`xt 0 jièas kr` dogv`rtà< 01>-eig` jièas : kga 2kr` dohcigà to hkf` og` ;>=>-eig` probr`ssiv` jrkh`‑wmidm is tm`gaispekyà twid`.

Jièa = is sfippà. Qm`g, 01>-eig` jièas 9 kga ;> kr` dohcigà to hkf`kgotm`r ;>=>-eig` probr`ssiv` jrkh`‑wmidm is tm`g aispekyà tmr``

tih`s.

@kdm s`doga, :> jrkh`s kr` pr`s`gtà og tm` aispeky6 tm`r`jor` tmisdogv`rsiog hust c` r`p`ktà ;3 tih`s (:> 0 8 ;3). Aoigb so wiee

dogv`rt k totke oj 1=-jièas (1 ;3 8 1= 3 8 31 jrkh`s) wmidm is 31jrkh`s. Qmis prod`ss dogv`rts 31p to :>p usigb ―3-4 pueeaowg.

C`dkus` tm` 3-4 dka`gd` tèes tm` aìgt`rekd`r `xkdtey wmkt to ao, 31pdkg c` aispekyà p`rj`dtey. @kdm aispekyà jrkh` wiee mkv` ;>=>-eig`s oj viaò igjorhktiog.

Jieh-hoa` Aìgt`rekdigb Q`stàQo t`st mow wèe MAQZs a`t`dtà 3-4 pueeaowg, H`rsog kbkig usà kTH^Q@ ;44 pktt`rg. Ig tmis t`st, tm` ―dkh`rk‘ r`p`ktàey pkgs ribmt-to-e`jt kga ckdf. (Qm` rotktigb wmit` eig` is got pr`s`gt.) Qm` t`st viaò wkshkst`rà kt ;>=>i:> usigb k 3-4 pueeaowg wmidm is tm` trkaitiogke wky31jps hkt`rike is trkgsj`rrà to viaò.

Rm`g kg MAQZ dorr`dtey a`t`dts kga kppei`s r`v`rs` 3-4 pueeaowg, tm`cox`s witm tm` morizogtke eig`s r`hkig igtkdt. Ij got, ìtm`r tm` cox`s wieestroc` c`tw``g cekdf kga wmit` or v`rtidke ckgas wiee kpp`kr og tm` sia`s

oj tm` cox. @itm`r strocigb or ckgaigb dogstitut`s k "jkie."K jkieur` igaidkt`s kg MAQZ is ugkce` to rèikcey a`t`dt tm` pr`s`gd` oj 3-4 pueeaowg. Rm`g kg MAQZ is ugkce` to a`t`dt 3-4 pueeaowg, it us`sviaò-hoa` aìgt`rekdigb rktm`r tmkg jieh-hoa` aìgt`rekdigb.

31p A`doaà ig Ziaò-hoa`

Rmkt mkpp`gs to 31p hkt`rike wm`g it is aìgt`rekdà usigb viaò-hoa`?Ks smowg cèow, jrkh` 4 dogtkigs two jièas tmkt doh` jroh two aijj`r`gtjieh jrkh`s, `.b., C kga D. Jrkh` 1 dogtkigs two jièas tmkt doh` jroh

two aijj`r`gt jieh jrkh`s, `.b., D kga A. (Qm`s` kr` ojt`g dkeeà ―luaa`r‘ jrkh`s.) C`dkus` tm` jièas ig tm` (yèeow) viaò jrkh`s kr` got pkir-hkt`s‑`v`g ij w`kv` aìgt`rekdigb is `hpeoyà‑tm` r`suet is a`brkaàqukeity jor tm`s` jrkh`s.






K-`v`geig`s

K-oaaeig`s

C-`v`geig`s

C-oaaeig`s

C-`v`geig`s

D-oaaeig`s

D-`v`geig`s

A-oaaeig`s

A-`v`geig`s

A-oaaeig`s

@v`g

;

Oaa

3

@v`g

4

Oaa

1

@v`g

0

Oaa

:

@v`g

2

Oaa

=

@v`g

9

Oaa

;>

Ziaò Jrkh`;

Ziaò Jrkh`3

Ziaò Jrkh`4

Ziaò Jrkh`1

Ziaò Jrkh`0

H`rsog r`ports =>-p`rd`gt oj t`stà MAQZs jkie tm` 3-4 a`t`dtiog t`st.Rors`, ogey 30-p`rd`gt oj tm` t`stà MAQZs pkssà cotm tm` ―gog-coc‘ kga ―3-4 a`t`dtiog‘ t`sts. C`dkus` H`rsog’s t`sts igaidkt` tm` hklority oj tm` t`stà MAQZs jkieà to a`t`dt 3-4 a`t`dtiog, tm` :>p dogg`dtiogsf`ptids kr`, ig tm` r`ke worea, igdorr`dt. De`krey, it is ihportkgt to cuy kgMAQZ tmkt pkss`s cotm t`sts.

Luaa`r

Qm` wora luaa`r h`kgs, ―to vicrkt` witm igt`gsity‘ or kg ―igstkcieity.‘ Qmus, tm` wora is kppeià to kgy p`rioaid (`.b., vicrkt`) aisturckgd` orugst`kaig`ss (`.b., igstkcieity) ig k jeow oj ihkb`s. C`dkus` tm`r` kr`hkgy possice` dkus`s oj luaa`r, tm` t`rh is kppeià to hkgy ksp`dts oj tm` eoof oj viaò.

Eow Jrkh`-rkt` Hotiog Luaa`r

Qm` wora luaa`r is host ojt`g kppeià to tm` ekdf oj shootm hotiog tmktr`suets jroh tm` eow ―skhpeigb rkt`‘ oj 31p, 30p, kga 4>p dkptur`. Qmistyp` oj luaa`r is igm`r`gt to eow skhpeigb rkt` viaò kga is pkrt oj wmkt isdkeeà ―jieh eoof.‘

ûeeaowg Luaa`r

R` fgow 31p hkt`rike mks 3-4 pueeaowg kaaà so it dkg c` crokadkst kt1=>i:> (GQTD) kga ;>=>i:>. ûeeaowg hust keso c` kaaà to 31p MAviaò to s`ga it ov`r k ;>=>i:> dogg`dtiog. Qm` r`suet is aispekyà cèowwm`r` jiv` igt`rekd` viaò jrkh`s kr` smowg (cottoh row). Jrkh` 4

dogtkigs two jièas tmkt doh` jroh two aijj`r`gt jieh jrkh`s, `.b., C kgaD. Kga, jrkh` 1 dogtkigs two jièas tmkt doh` jroh two aijj`r`gt jiehjrkh`s, `.b., D kga A.

A`spit` jrkh`s 4 kga 1 ojt`g cìgb dkeeà ―luaa`r‘ jrkh`s, tm`y dr`kt` luaa`r c`dkus` tm`y kpp`kr ig k s`qu`gd` witm ―gog-luaa`r‘ jrkh`s.





Tp`dijidkeey, wm`g two ―luaa`r‘ jrkh`s kga tmr`` ―gog-luaa`r‘ jrkh`sdogtiguousey r`p`kt, tm`y dr`kt` k 3-4 pktt`rg. Qm` 3-4 pktt`rg isr`p`ktà : tih`s p`r s`doga, ks 31 jrkh`s c`doh` :> igt`rekdà jrkh`s.It is tmis pktt`rg (dka`gd`) tmkt is ûeeaowg Luaa`r.


K-`v`geig`s

K-oaaeig`s

C-`v`geig`s

C-oaaeig`s

C-`v`geig`s

D-oaaeig`s

D-`v`geig`s

A-oaaeig`s

A-`v`geig`s

A-oaaeig`s

@v`g Oaa @v`g Oaa @v`g Oaa @v`g Oaa @v`g Oaa

Ziaò Jrkh`;

Ziaò Jrkh`3

Ziaò Jrkh`4

Ziaò Jrkh`1

Ziaò Jrkh`0

Rmkt you hky got r`keiz` is tm` luaa`r is keso dr`ktà wm`g 31p ispkssà tmroubm k :>p dogg`dtiog. Qo hov` 31jps viaò ov`r k :>jpsdogg`dtiog, `xtrk jrkh`s hust c` kaaà. Ig jkdt, 4: `xtrk jrkh`s hustc` kaaà `kdm s`doga. Ocviousey, tm`s` jrkh`s kr` kaaà ig k wky tmkthigihiz`s tmìr visicieity. Qmis is kddohpeismà cy r`p`ktigb jrkh`s. Qm`r`p`titiog us`s k 3-4 pktt`rg. Jor tmis r`ksog, it is dkeeà 3-4 pueeaowg.(Qmis is tm` wky 31jps is dkrrià ig 23>p:> probrkhhigb.)

Cèow, jour probr`ssiv` viaò jrkh`s kr` smowg (top row). Ig tm` s`dogarow, jrkh`s kr` trkgsj`rrà ( ) or r`p`ktà (%). Qm` 3-4 pktt`rg isr`p`ktà : tih`s p`r s`doga, ks 31 jrkh`s c`doh` :> probr`ssiv`jrkh`s.

Jrkh`K

Jrkh`C

Jrkh`D

JrkhÀ

% % % % % %Jrkh`

KJrkh`

KJrkh`

CJrkh`

CJrkh`

CJrkh`

DJrkh`

DJrkh`

AJrkh`

AJrkh`

A

Jrkh`;

Jrkh`3

Jrkh`4

Jrkh`1

Jrkh`0

Jrkh`:

Jrkh`2

Jrkh`=

Jrkh`9

Jrkh`;>

Qmis dr`kt`s tm` pktt`rg smowg ig tm` cottoh two rows< two (ceu`)r`p`ktà jrkh`s joeeowà cy tmr`` (br``g) r`p`ktà jrkh`s. Ogd` kbkig,

ûeeaowg Luaa`r is dr`ktà. Tpeit Jrkh`s kr` got dr`ktà.





Tpeit Jrkh`s

Jrkh` 4 kga Jrkh` 1 dogtkig two jièas tmkt doh` jroh two aijj`r`gt jiehjrkh`s. A`spit` tm`s` hixà jrkh`s ojt`g cìgb dkeeà luaa`r jrkh`s,tm`y r`keey kr` Tpeit Jrkh`s. Ritm hotiog, k Tpeit Jrkh` dkg dogtkig twov`ry aijj`r`gt jièas oj tm` skh` ocl`dt.

@y` Qrkdfigb Ttrocigb

Rm`g 30p kga 4>p viaò is smowg og aispekys kt 0>Mz kga :>Mz,r`sp`dtivèy, tm` skh` jrkh` is jeksmà twid`. S`p`ktigb tm` skh` jrkh`twid` dkus`s hovigb ocl`dts to ―stroc`.‘

Ttrocigb is kg ieeusiog dr`ktà cy our `y`s wm`g tm`y kutohktidkeey joeeow(trkdf) k hovigb ocl`dt‑kga tm` hovigb ocl`dt is jeksmà twid`. Qm``jj`dt dkg c` e`ss`gà cy jeksmigb tm` ihkb` 4 or 1 tih`s. Ojt`g dkeeà luaa`r, it is got. It is kg ―`y`-trkdfigb krtijkdt.‘ (Qm` `y`-trkdfigb krtijkdtkeso oddurs wm`g 31jps jieh is prol`dtà witm k two-cekaà smutt`r rktm`rtmkg k tmr``-cekaà smutt`r.)

Ttrocigb is got k proce`h witm host jieh-oribigktà probrkhhigbpr`s`gtà kt 30p. Dkh`rk op`rktors fgow mow to dogtroe tm` hotiog oj tm` dkh`rk ks wèe ks hotiog tmroubm tm` jrkh` so ks to higihiz``xd`ssiv` luaa`r‑wmidm eif`wis` higihiz`s strocigb.





Jor `xkhpe`, cy trkdfigb k hovigb sucl`dt, kg op`rktor f``ps tm` sucl`dtig tm` skh` positiog witmig tm` jrkh` tm`r`cy higihizigb Jor`brougaTtrocigb. Oj dours`, ks tm` dkh`rk pkg witm tm` sucl`dt, ckdfbrougaa`tkies stroc`. Ckdfbrouga Ttrocigb dkg c` higihizà cy ràudigb A`ptm-oj-Jièa (AOJ).

31p Dogg`dtiog

T`v`rke Ceu-rky kga MA AZA peky`rs ojj`r tm` optiog oj k ;>=>p31output. Qmis dogg`dtiog air`dtey pkss`s tm` 31jps hkt`rike og kg MA aisd.Aoigb so èihigkt`s tm` g`à to kppey ìtm`r typ` oj 3-4 pueeaowg.ûeeaowg luaa`r kga Tpeit Jrkh`s, tm`r`jor`, kr` pr`v`gtà.

Aispeky S`jr`sm Skt`

K S`biog :> MAQZ typidkeey dkg op`rkt` kt :>Mz, 23Mz, or ;3>Mz. GQTD

kga ;>=>i:> viaò dkg c` aispekyà kt :>Mz or kt ;3>Mz. Ritm soh`MAQZs, ;3>Mz dkg c` aispekyà usigb tm` QZ’s ―Jrkh` Igt`rpoektiog‘ dirduit turgà Og or Ojj.

Jrkh` Igt`rpoektiog b`g`rkt`s tm` jrkh`s c`tw``g kdtuke jrkh`s. Ij aog`v`ry wèe, it dkg hkf` :>i hotiog eoof hor` ―jeuia.‘ Jrkh` Igt`rpoektiogsmouea got c` usà jor 31jps hàik, witm 3-4 pueeaowg, tmkt is igput ks:>i.

Rm`g ;>=>p31 is igput, k aispeky tmkt dkg op`rkt` kt 23Mz wiee sihpeytripe` tm` jrkh`-rkt`. Ij, mow`v`r, k aispeky dkg op`rkt` kt ;3>Mz,

;>=>p31 smouea mkv` its jrkh`-rkt` quigtupeà. (Kvoia aispekys tmkt kaa3-4 pueeaowg to octkig :>Mz kga tm`g aouce` tmis jrkh`-rkt` to ;3>Mz.)

Host MAQZs soea ig S`biog 0> dkg aispeky cotm ^KE (0>Mz) kga GQTD(:>Mz). Qo èihigkt` jeidf`r ig cribmt sd`g`s, hkgy S`biog 0> ugitsr`jr`sm kt ;>>Mz. Jor tm`s` aispekys, ^KE kga ;>=>i0> viaò kr` jrkh`-aouceà to ;>>Mz. (Jieh is crokadkst kt 30jps, wmidm is dkrrià cy ^KEkga ;>=>i0>.)

Qwo optiogs kr` kvkiekce` jor aispekyigb ;>=>p31 og S`biog 0> MAQZs.Og` soeutiog is to op`rkt` tm` pkgè kt ;3>Mz‑ig kaaitiog to ;>>Mz. Qmis

is skh` soeutiog usà cy S`biog :> ugits. (Kgotm`r optiog is to switdm tmàispeky to 9:Mz kga qukarupe` tm` jrkh`-rkt`.)





Qm` G`bktiv`s oj ;>>Mz kga ;3>Mz S`jr`sm

MAQZs tmkt support k ;3>Mz r`jr`sm-rkt`, ao ckgism 3-4 ûeeaowg luaa`r.Toh` joefs dekih tm`y smow jieh `xkdtey ks you wouea s`` it ig k tm`kt`r.Mow`v`r, hoa`rg tm`kt`r prol`dtors us` 4-cekaà smutt`rs tmkt b`g`rkt`23-jeksm`s-p`r-s`doga. Qmis ―r`jr`sm rkt`‘ is jkr e`ss tmkg tm` r`jr`sm rktòj k ;3>Mz aispeky. Qm`r`jor`, ketmoubm 3-4 dka`gd` is got pr`s`gt, tm`

aispekyà viaò is got r`keey tm` skh` ks wktdmigb k prol`dtà hovi`. To,ao`s aispeky r`jr`sm-rkt` hktt`r?

Rm`g wktdmigb jieh oribigktà probrkhhigb og S`biog 0> QZs tmktr`jr`sm kt ;>>Mz rktm`r tmkg 0>Mz, tm` r`suet is k smijt jroh jieh-vik-viaò eoofigb sihiekr to jieh, to jieh-vik-viaò eoofigb hor` eif` viaò.Qm` smijt ig ―eoof‘ is got k positiv` og`.

Jor tmis r`ksog, it hky c` c`tt`r to sè`dt kg MAQZ tmkt aispekys GQTDkga ;>=>i:> kt :>Mz kga ;>=>p31 or 23>p31 kt 23Mz rktm`r tmkg kt kmibm`r rkt`.

Jor tmis skh` r`ksog, k S`biog 0> ugit smouea support ^KE kga ;>=>i0>kt ;>>Mz (jor viaò oribigktà probrkhhigb) peus 20Mz (jor jiehoribigktà probrkhhigb). GQTD kga ;>=>i:> wouea c` aispekyà kt :>Mzkga jieh oribigktà probrkhhigb kt 23Mz.




Kutmor

Tt`v` Huee`g ^m.A. mks ov`r 10 y`krs `xp`ri`gd` worfigb witm mibmt`dmgoeoby.

^rior to jougaigb Aibitke Ziaò Dogsuetigb, m` wks tm` Hkgkbigb Air`dtoroj îdtur`Qè Lkpkg6 Air`dtor Ksik/^kdijid/Kh`ridks ske`s jor îdtur`QèDorporktiog6 kga Air`dtor oj CCG Kavkgdà Tup`rdohput`rs Igd., Lkpkg.

^r`dàigb tm`s` kssibgh`gts, m` wks tm` Aistricutor Hkgkb`r jorKsik/^kdijid/Kh`ridks Hkrf`tigb kga Tke`s jor HKTTDOH^ S`ketih`Dohput`rs6 kga k ^roaudt Hkrf`tigb Hkgkb`r jor AKQK QSKGTEKQIOG(pkr`gt oj Hàik ;>>). M` wks keso Igt`rgktiogke Tke`s Hkgkb`r jor êky,tm` dr`ktor oj tm` worea jkhous Qrigity.

M` c`bkg mis dkr``r, kjt`r t`kdmigb kt tm` Pgiv`rsity oj Higg`sotk kgaDkre`tog Doee`b`, kt AIBIQKE @[PI^H@GQ DOSÔSKQIOG (A@D) wm`r` m`wks k T`higkr A`vèoph`gt Hkgkb`r, S&A Tyst`hs @gbig``r, kga k^roaudt Hkgkb`r.

Jor ov`r k a`dka` m` wks k Dogtricutigb @aitor jor Ziaò Tyst`hshkbkzig`. M` mks keso writt`g jor Kaoc` ^r`hi`r` G`wse`tt`r, K/Z Ziaò,Dkhdora`r, AZ, @towg, hieeih`t`r, Qm` ^`rj`dt Zisiog, Ziaò ^ro, kgaZiaò S`vi`w. M` gow writ`s jor Crokadkst @gbig``rigb.



Tt`v` tkubmt aibitke viaò proaudtiog kt Sutb`rs Pgiv`rsity kga @e`dtrogidDig`hktobrkpmy kt tm` Pgiv`rsity oj tm` Krts. Kga, kt Mkrv`stworfs igGYD, m` tkubmt Hàik ;>> àitigb.

Jor hor` tmkg k a`dka`, Aibitke Ziaò Dogsuetigb mks proviaà dogsuetigbs`rvid`s, trkigigb, kga s`higkrs og aibitke viaò proaudtiog.

M` mks writt`g k guhc`r oj Aibitke ^roaudtiog Buia`s, igdeuaigbihH@AIKt` ;>>, tm` ^r`hi`r` ^rih`r, @xpr`ss ]pr`ss AZ, kga tm`mibmey sudd`ssjue ^kgksogid KB-AZ];>>K ^roaudtiog Buia`.

Tt`v`’s Togy TS/D] Mkgacoof, loigs mis otm`r v`ry sudd`ssjue `Coofs<tm` LZD B\-MA2 Mkgacoof, tm` LZD ^roMA Mkgacoof, tm` LZD BY-

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