sonicscope475 tool brochure
TRANSCRIPT
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SonicScope 475Multipole sonic-while-drilling service
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a fast shear because shear slowness (1 / velocity)
is faster than the mud slowness. When shear
slowness is slower than the mud slowness, a
quadrupole tool is needed to provide the shear
measurement.
The SonicScope 475 service combines high-
quality monopole and quadrupole measurements
to deliver robust compressional and shear
slownessesalong with enhanced Stoneley
datain a wide range of applications, regardless
of mud slowness. This sonic information is valuable
not only to drillers, but to geophysicists, geologists,
petrophysicists, and reservoir and completion
engineers.
Real-time pore pressure monitoring,wellbore stability, and seismic tie-in
for deepwater wellsRobust real-time compressional and shear slow-nesses are fundamental to pore pressure monitoring
and wellbore stability evaluation. This real-time
geomechanical evaluation, independent of
formation temperature and salinity effects, helps
properly evaluate the pore pressure window so
that mud weight can be adjusted to mitigate the
risks of wellbore instability and kicks. The same
robust, real-time data can be used for sonic-to-
seismic ties that allow bit-on-seismic positioning
and minimize well placement and casing
positioning uncertainty.
Innovative design has given the latest generationof Schlumberger sonic technology
SonicScope* 475 multipole sonic while drilling
a whole new set of capabilities. The SonicScope
475 service combines multipole measurementsfor high data quality with robust, advanced
solutions. Completely reassessed strategies for
handling and processing acoustic data, coupled
with extensive modeling, ensure a predictable
SonicScope response in almost any environment.
The multipole SonicScope 475 service was
developed to meet the oil and gas industrys
increasing demand for real-time and recorded
compressional and shear data in both fast
and slow formationsespecially in offshore
exploration-to-development fields. In a fast
formation, a monopole tool can deliver only
Real-time multipole sonic-while-drilling service foradvanced drilling optimization, formation evaluation,and completion design.
SonicScope 475
48 wideband receivers digitize
signal at sensor for cleaner
acoustic signal. Industrys finest
interreceiver sampling prevents
aliasing of any kind.
Attenuator section is optimized by
modeling for enhanced sonic logging
quality in hard formations.
Wideband multipole transmitter
enables monopole, quadrupole,
and Stoneley measurements.
Adjustable centralizer sizes allow
robust sonic deliveries. Centralizer
design provides high-flow area
to avoid drilling risks.
Quadrupole for
shear slownesses
in slow formations
Low-frequency
monopole for
Stoneley acquisition
High-frequencymonopole for
compressional and
shear slownesses
in fast formations
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Benefits
Confident decision making
Reduced drilling risk and cost
More-effective mud program management
Accurate seismic positioning
Completion design optimization to enhance production
Features
Real-time slowness time projection, surface labeling, and QC logs
Real-time best guess compressional and shear data from
downhole smart logic
Robust shear data in slow formations from patented quadrupole
processing technique
Real-time station measurements during connections
Wideband multipole transmitter to prevent complex source selection
48 digitized receivers with industrys finest interreceiver spacing
to prevent aliasing at any depth
Flexible multimode, high-resolution acquisition recorded in
1-GB memory
High-speed acquisition and real-time capability up to 1,800 ft/h
for 6-in sampling
Unique acoustic structure and processing techniques to provide
high-quality compressional and shear data regardless of mud slowness
Deepwater Applications
Drilling optimization
Borehole stability and
pore pressure monitoring
Geomechanics
Sonic-to-seismic processing
Top-of-cement detection
Tight Gas Applications
Fracture detection
Porosity evaluation
Perforation location optimization
Hydraulic fracturing optimization
The formation data that SonicScope 475
measurements provide significantly reduces
deepwater drilling risk and cost. This high-quality,
real-time sonic data is critical for optimizing
drilling programs and managing drilling concerns,such as
optimizing mud weight
monitoring pore pressure independent of
formation temperature and salinity effects
identifying gas influx or formation gas
predicting borehole stability
positioning bit on seismic using synthetics
understanding rock mechanical properties
identifying top of cement.
The multipole capability of the SonicScope 475
service provides continuous, reliable shear data,regardless of mud slowness, for
quantitative information for AVO analysis
a fluid-independent pore-pressure trend
true wellbore stability analysis
advanced drilling optimization estimating
the fracture gradient
gas detection and saturation estimation.
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Easy workflows and robust automated
real-time outputs
The ImPulse* integrated MWD platform sends
SonicScope 475 real-time fast-formation
compressional and shear slownesses to the
surface, while drilling, using mud pulse telemetry.
To ensure high-quality sonic, new algorithms were
developed to compute robust real-time compres-
sional and shear logs without prior knowledge of
formation characteristics. With these algorithms,
input of bit size and mud type enables outputof robust real-time answers from downhole
processing via mud pulse telemetry, with little
need for expert support.
Full slowness time (ST) projection and pumps-off
station measurements are sent to the surface to
add crucial QC data for pore pressure monitoring
and wellbore stability evaluation. The InterACT*
connectivity, collaboration, and information system
enables all SonicScope 475 real-time data to be
continuously monitored and evaluated by experts
at a remote location, allowing more efficient and
timely decision making. SonicScope multipole
data are also recorded for further analysis andenhanced processing.
Field-proven reliability
During a 100-job field test campaign, SonicScope 475 high-quality multipole
data compared favorably with wireline sonic reference logs even in a highly
damaged and unstable formation. The SonicScope 475 service was often
run in challenging environments in which wireline logging would have been
too complicated. As a result of this field testing, the following capabilities
were added to the SonicScope 475 service to enhance reliability and
logging efficiency:
high downhole computation power for real-time capability
at any logging speed while drilling, tripping, or washing down
flexible downlink commands self-diagnostics for automatic downhole recovery
capability to operate without battery, if required
standby mode to extend memory and battery life, accessible
by downlink at any time.
ohm.m2 2,000
Phase Shift Resistivity 34-in Spacingat 2 MHz, Environmentally Corrected,
ImPulse, Real-Time
ohm.m2 2,000
Phase Shift Resistivity 40-in Spacingat 2 MHz, Environmentally Corrected,
ImPulse, Real-Time
Delta-T Compressional, SonicScope, Real-Time
us/ft40 240
Delta-T Shear, SonicScope, Real-Time
us/ft40 240
us/ftReal-Time Monopole Slowness Projection
40 240
Min. Amplitude Max.Min. Amplitude Max.
msSonicScope Waveforms
0 5
Min. Amplitude Max.
AzimuthalGamma Ray Image
Delta-T Compressional, SonicScope
us/ft40 240
Delta-T Shear, SonicScope
us/ft40 240
us/ftMonopole Slowness Projection
40 240
Min. Amplitude Max.
100 ft
Gamma Ray
gAPI0 150
gAPI0 150
Shear
Compressional
Shear
Compressional
SonicScope real-time compressional and shear data with slowness time projection QC.
The SonicScope service can be used to optimize perforation designs.
Initial design
Optimized design with SonicScope advanced products added
X30
X35
X40
X45
X50
X55
55,00035,000
Stress, kPa
Depth,m
-6
Fracture width
at wellbore, mm
0 6
Fracture half-length, m
75500 25 100
0237 mD.m237474 mD.m
474711 mD.m711948 mD.m9481,185 mD.m1,1851,422 mD.m1,4221,659 mD.m1,6591,897 mD.m> 1,897 mD.m
Robust SonicScope data has beenacquired while drilling pilot holesriserless in a deepwater project.
Reliable and continuous SonicScope
quadrupole shear data up to 600 us/ftallows assessment of rock mechanicalproperties for an entire drilled section.
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Completion design and optimization in tight gas reservoirsProper understanding of reservoir contact and quality, geology, the fracture
network, and rock mechanics is crucial for designing the increasingly complex
completion systems needed to optimize future production. The development
of a multistage hydraulic fracturing completion system, for example, requires
knowledge of rock mechanics along the well to calibrate the mechanical
earth model (MEM) and better predict and localize fracture development.
Production can be increased significantly by using SonicScope 475 data
and workflows to design and optimize completion strategies. As an example,accurate prediction of fracture propagation and knowledge of rock mechanics
help avoid water zone fracturing and its potential negative impact on
future production.
High-quality compressional and shear for robust advanced applications
Innovative design and powerful downhole capability enable the SonicScope
475 service to acquire robust compressional and shear data, while drilling,
even in fast formations in which collar arrivals and higher noise levels
make sonic acquisition a challenge. The SonicScope attenuator section
is optimized to minimize collar arrival and allow its removal by a dedicated
processing techniqueeven during real-time operation. Because it has
48 receivers that digitize the signal at the sensors, the SonicScope 475
service has superior acoustic sensitivity that enables logging operations in
noisier environments than previously possible.
In addition, SonicScope 475 downhole computation
power allows more complex processing and
acquisition while drilling, reaming, tripping in,
or pulling out of hole at up to 1,800 ft/h. The
SonicScope 475 service also allows great
acquisition flexibility. It can be controlled through
mud pulses and wired drillpipe, powered by an
MWD turbine, and run with or without batteries,
making it possible to adapt sonic logging to other
rig activities nearly indefinitely. A standby mode
and default configurations allow SonicScope 475
functionality to be customized to the logging
program, saving memory and battery power
whenever necessary.
Stoneley for fracture evaluation
A unique SonicScope 475 mode allows Stoneley
wave acquisition, while drilling, before any washout
can develop. The Stoneley borehole wave is
sensitive to fracture permeability and aperture,
and can be inverted using a forward modeling
technique. This inversion allows Stoneley fracture
evaluation in highly deviated and horizontal wellsfor which running conventional wireline logs may
be uneconomical or technologically challenging.
Both the completion system and understanding
of reservoir geology can be optimized by using
the SonicScope 475 service to locate an open,
permeable fracture, and then inverting the fractures
aperture and fluid mobility through forward modeling.
In water-base mud, Stoneley for fracture analysis
can be combined with while-drilling high-resolution
imaging to completely describe the fracture network.
Predictable acoustics and enhanced
data qualityThe SonicScope 475 acoustic structure andprocessing design draws on Schlumberger
experience with the wireline Sonic Scanner*
acoustic scanning platform. Innovative features
that help provide reliable high-quality multipole
measurements include
statistical downhole stacking for reduced
drilling noise
downhole modal decontamination from four
azimuth receivers
entirely modeled and fully predictable
acoustic behavior
an optimized attenuator section to minimizedirect tool arrival
a dedicated processing technique to remove
collar arrival.In a fast formation, while-drillingSonicScope 475 monopolecompressional and shear datashowed 99% agreement withSonic Scanner wireline acousticscanning platform monopolecompressional and shear overa 1,000-ft interval.
Stoneley for fracture analysisshowing strong reflectionsinterpreted as open permeablefractures. Completion design waschanged based on knowledge
of fracture location and natureof the fluid drained.
1,000 ft
SonicScope 475Multipole Sonic While Drilling
us/ft40 240
SonicScopeMonopole Slowness Projection
Sonic ScannerAcoustic Scanning Platform
Sonic ScannerMonopole Slowness Projection
us/ft40 240us/ft
us/ft40 240
Delta-T Compressional,Sonic Scanner Monopole
us/ft40 240
Delta-T Shear,Sonic Scanner Dipole
Delta-T Shear,Sonic Scanner Monopole
Delta-T Shear,SonicScope Monopole
Delta-T Compressional,SonicScope Monopole
40 240
us/ft40 240
us/ft40 240
Delta-T Shear,SonicScope Monopole
Delta-T Compressional,SonicScope Monopole
us/ft40 240
us/ft40 240
Delta-T Shear,Sonic Scanner Monopole
Delta-T Compressional,Sonic Scanner Monopole
us/ft40 240
us/ft40 240
Wireline compressional, us/ft
SonicScopecompressional,us/ft
1400
140
0
SonicScope Stoneley Waveform
us0
2,710
8,000
2,720
2,730
2,740
2,750
2,760
2,770
2,780
2,790
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Reliable compressional and shear data
regardless of mud slownessA sequential SonicScope 475 process offers the highest sonic-while-drillingdata quality and robust output measurements. This process acquires all
modes without affecting logging speed and performs downhole recording
and processing of
high-frequency monopole for compressional and shear slownesses
in fast formations, which are defined as DTshear < DTmud where DT is
slowness (1 / velocity)
wideband-frequency quadrupole for shear slownesses in slow formations,
which are defined as DTshear
> DTmud
(available only in recorded mode)
low-frequency Stoneley for fracture and mobility analysis (available only
in recorded mode)
while-tripping fast-logging multimode for multipass analysis and top-of-
cement evaluation (available only in recorded mode).
The SonicScope 475 service has a powerful broadband transmitter that can
excite borehole monopole and quadrupole modes over a frequency band
of 1 to 20 kHz, and 48 receivers with 4-in spacing. This combination delivers
high-quality waveforms that are digitized at the sensors. Extra computation
power, added to the SonicScope 475 service by design, permits use of
advanced downhole algorithms and will allow further development of
the service.
Quadrupole shear slownessesTo measure shear slownesses that are slower than mud slownesses
common in slow formationswireline sonic tools use dipoles to excite the
borehole flexural waves. Wireline tools, however, are less rigid than drill
collars, and LWD flexural modes are much faster than wireline modes.The SonicScope 475 quadrupole measurement is not affected by these
differences because quadrupole borehole and tool modes are distinct
and do not interfere with one another. In isotropic and homogeneous
formations, SonicScope 475 quadrupole shear slownesses agree with
wireline dipole sonic logs.
SonicScope quadrupole data acquisition follows modal decomposition by
four different arrays 90 apart. This technique, along with stacking performed
over multiple acquisitions, reduces the impact of drilling noise and other
modes that could interfere with measurement quality. A patented processing
algorithm and associated workflow and QC displays, developed to determine
formation shear slownesses, account for dispersive effect and tool presence.
The shear slowness is extracted using a parameter inversion that maximizes
the dispersive semblance over a wide frequency range.
SonicScope 475 monopolecompressional and shear datashowed 99% agreementwith wireline Sonic Scannermonopole compressional andshear over a 1,000-ft interval.
SonicScope continuouscompressional and shear datacan accurately locate gas-to-oiltransition zones.
In a slow formation, while-drillingSonicScope monopole compressionaland quadrupole shear slownessesshowed good agreement with wirelinemonopole compressional and dipoleshear over a 1,000-ft interval.
1,000 ft
us/ft40 240
SonicScopeMonopole Slowness Projection
WirelineMonopole Slowness Projection
us/ft40 240
LWD-Wireline Comparison
Delta-T Shear,SonicScope Quadrupole
Delta-T Shear,Wireline Lower Dipole
us/ft80 380
us/ft80 380
Slowness,
us/ft
350
300
250
200
150
0 5 10
Frequency, kHz
SonicScope Quadrupole Data
Measured data Modeled data
15
Formation evaluationThe many formation evaluation applications for SonicScope 475 data include
compressional speed/shear wave speed (Vp/Vs) ratio determination
in all formations
porosity measurement without a radioactive source
complex lithology identification
light-hydrocarbon detection.
Robust surface-labeled compressional and shear measurements can be used
quantitatively for assessing rock mechanics, performing sanding analysis
for production and fracture design, and gas detection. In geological and
geophysical applications, the SonicScope service provides information
about the amount of connected porosity without using radioactive sources.
This is particularly advantageous in carbonate reservoirs because the
SonicScope 475 tool responds only to interconnected porositynot to vuggy
porosity. Used alone or with other LWD porosity measurements, such as those
made by the adnVISION* azimuthal density neutron tool, the SonicScope
porosity measurement can greatly increase reservoir understanding.
Using SonicScope 475 measurements to update the predrilling velocity-to-
pressure transform and the StethoScope* formation pressure-while-drilling
service to measure the true formation pressure reduces pore-pressure-
prediction model uncertainty, enabling an operator to significantly reduce
well costs by extending casing depths or possibly eliminating an entirecasing section.
Reliable high-quality sonic data to guide decisionsWhether used for real-time pore pressure monitoring, wellbore stability,
and seismic tie-in in deepwater wells; completion design and optimization;
or formation evaluation, the SonicScope 475 multipole sonic-while-drilling
service delivers the high-quality compressional, shear, and Stoneley data
needed to guide decisions. The SonicScope 475 service can be relied upon
to help minimize risk and maximize production in just about any environment.
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One operator saved1.5 days of dedicatedlogging by identifyingtop of cement fromSonicScope datarecorded in memory.
www.slb.com/SonicScope
*Mark of Schlumberger
Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners.
Copyright 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 10-DR-0211
SonicScope 475
Multipole SonicScope data acquired
and recorded downhole have been
combined to provide continuous,
high-quality compressional and shear
data for MEM and correlation with
surface seismic data to reduce drilling
risks and accurately place the well
on target while maximizing reservoir
understanding.
Measurement Specifications
Hole size, in [mm] 558 to 8 [143 to 203]
Measurements
Monopole compressional and shear Slowness (DT), full waveforms
Quadrupole shear Slowness (DT), full waveforms
Stoneley Slowness (DT), full waveforms
Compressional slowness 40 to 180 us/ft
Shear slowness 60 to 600 us/ft, regardless of mud type
Sensors 1 multipole transmitter and 48 receivers
Downhole memory
Capacity 1 GB
Recording time 6 days at 10-s record rate recording
all modes continuously10 days at 15-s record rate recordingall modes continuously
Max. logging speed, ft/h [m/h] 1,800 [548]
Battery life 5 days when operating on battery only
Power supply Battery or turbine
Combinability Fully combinable with all Schlumberger tools
Mechanical Specifications
Collar OD, in [mm] 4.82 [122.43]
Max. collar OD, in [mm] 5.38 [136.65]
Collar length, ft [m] 30 [9]
Drill collar connection, in [mm] 4.82 [122.43] NC38 box
Screw-on 3-blade stabilizersUphole and downhole
distance apart, ft [m] 16.7 [5.1]
Max. OD, in [mm] 5.5 [139.7], 5.75 [146.05], 6 [152.4], 6.5 [165.1]
Total flow area (TFA) More than 35%
Max. dogleg
Sliding, /ft [/m] 30/100 [30/30]
Rotating, /ft [/m] 15/100 [15/30]
Max. flow rate, galUS/min [L/min] 400 [1,514]
Pressure drop constant (C) 7,500
Max. pressure, psi [MPa] 25,000 [172.369]
Max. temperature, degF [degC] 300 [150]
Max. system shock level 30 min at Shock Level 3 (50-gn threshold), oraccumulated 200,000 shocks above 50 g
n
Combining monopole and quadrupole acquisitionformation signal level required to measure shear
slowness from 300 to 600 us/ft is function of noise level present while logging.
One-second sampling at 1,800 ft/h or 10-second sampling at 180 ft/h provides two samples/ft.
Tool can also be run batteryless for unlimited time.
TFA in in is more than 35% of annular flow section (equivalent drill collar).