sonh ergonomics

7/18/2019 SONH Ergonomics

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LGC Shadow Title Master.pot

Workplace Ergonomic
http://smb//server7/home/rich/passing%20database/LGC%20Shadow%20Title%20Master.pothttp://smb//server7/home/rich/passing%20database/LGC%20Shadow%20Title%20Master.pot


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Presentation Objectives

participants will be able to...

Understand basic concepts of ergonoics

!dentif" coon #sc#los$eletal inj#r" ris$s

Learn strategies to decrease MS% inj#r" ris$s

Address questions on ergonomics and back

safety


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&rgonoicsStudy of Work

The science of fitting the job tothe worker

ergo = work

nomics = study of


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What are the physical demands of yourjob


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Job Risk actors

Working in awkward postures / positions

Prolonged sitting and standing

'ending( reaching( stretching %riving for e)tended periods of tie

*eav" lifting

+w$ward lifting

Lifting in cobination with twisting

P#shing( p#lling( carr"ing

+ccidents( slips( trips( falls

,ibration


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Goals of &rgonoics Progra-Reduce work-related musculoskeletal disordersdeveloped byworkers when their jobs involve...

+w$ward post#res Static positions

eaching

'ending / Lifting 0orce

epetition

Contact stress

,ibration

epetition

U.S. %epartent of Labor Occ#pational Safet" / *ealth +dinistration


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1hat are M#sc#loS$eletal %isorders2

MSDsare injuries and illnesses that

affect uscles! nerves! tendons!

li"aents! joints or spinal discs.

U.S. %epartent of Labor Occ#pational Safet" / *ealth +dinistration


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Coon 'od" Parts Prone To1or$place MS%s

'ac$ 3 Lower 4ec$ and Upper 'ac$

Upper &)treities 3 +rs and *ands

Lower &)treities 3 Legs and 0eet


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&)aples of MS%s

Carpal t#nnel

otator c#ff s"ndroe

Lateral epicond"litis

3 tennis elbow

Low bac$ pain


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!usculoskeletal "isorders#

$igns and $ymptomsin general

%ecreased OM

%ecreased grip and5or

pinch strength

Swelling

0atig#e

Loss of f#nction

4#bness

'#rning sensation

Tingling

Pain

Craping

Stiffness

0rench / 6echa( 7889


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!usculoskeletal "isorders# %ow & Why'

elated to intensit" of wor$

*ave bioechanical and ph"siological factors Can occ#r after wee$s( onths( "ears on job

Can ta$e wee$s( onths( "ears to resolve

*ave occ#pational and non occ#pationalca#ses



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!usculoskeletal "isorders# %ow & Why2

listening to our body

%isr#ption in balance between brea$down and

recover" :st s)-.fatig#e ;of bod" part Soft tiss#e reodels

> More strength

> More stabilit"

> More end#rance

> %iscofort decreases

!nj#r"> Soft tiss#e brea$s

down

> Less strength> Less stabilit"

> Less tolerance for#se

> %iscofort increases



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?U&ST!O4S2


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Part Two-

Some Ergonomic

Risk actor !oncerns


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+ntroducing our ,nd focus area for

today

'ac$ care

"osture Contact stress

epetition


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-osture check# reaching & bending

it#s all connected and it#s all about physics

Load & leverage

10# vs. 70# low back

15# vs. 45# head &neck

Think about posture Forward head

itting

!eaching


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+t.s all -hysicsle$erage


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-osture

%hink of posture in terms of &oint position

$tatic and awkward postures lead to# %ecreased oveent

%ecreased circ#lation

!ncreased stress and fatig#e


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-osture check

'ncreased stress( decreased circulation

*igher ris$ Lower ris$


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-osture check

ask yourself

"o ou use a headset rather than cradling thetelephone between our head and shoulder$


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Post#re chec$

ask yourself%re ou sitting against the back o our chairwhile ou work$

's our head(neck upright and centered over

our shoulders when ou look at the screen ordocu)ents$

%re our shoulders rela*ed when keing andusing the )ouse$

%re our ar)s close b our sides when ouuse the keboard or pointer$


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Post#re chec$ask yourself

%re our elbows rela*ed +100 degree angle,when using the keboard or )ouse$

%re our wrists in a neutral position +alignedwith our orear), when keing or using thepointer$

%re ou avoiding awkward postures such asan e*tended inger or thu)b when keing orusing the )ouse$


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&@#ipent set3#p e)aple

risk identification

&lbow and sho#lder awa" fro bod"( reaching

increased strain on shoulder and wrist


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&lbow and sho#lder ore rela)ed and closer to bod"

decreased strain on shoulder and wrist


risk identification


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risk identification

0orward placeent of doc#ent holders and onitor

pre$ents e)cessi$e turning and bending stress in neck(

upper back and torso

#osture$

keepin" itstrai"ht%


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A word on repetition

/ey issue is reco)ery time

3 the tie re@#ired for tiss#e to restore n#trition( replace

cells( dissipate b"prod#cts

3 rest brea$s

Some newer research demonstrates that repetition

is significantly less of a problem $s. posture


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A word on contact stress

(t your workstation notice where your body comes

into contact with objects

1here are "o#rA

0ront / bac$ of $nees&lbows1rists'ac$'ehindCalves( feet( an$les


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?U&ST!O4S2


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Part Three-

Workstation equipment

use and set*up+


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!s " Bergonoic potato chip reall"

ergonoic2

&o be er"onoic a desi"n ust'

0it the #ser

'e eas" to #se

!prove cofort

!prove perforance

!prove health and safet"

4ot j#st bells and whistlesD


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Cop#ter wor$station ergonoics

Chair

Monitor Ee"board

Mo#se

%oc#ent holders

L#bar pads5pillows +r rests

Glare

&"e strain 0ootrests

1rists pads

Ee"board tra"s

Laptops


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Chair 'asics

Good lumbar (low back) support

Comfortable sitting for at least 2 hours

Chair has 5 point base

Adjustable arm rests (or none)

eat pan is comfortable

!asil" adjustable while sitting Appropriate height # depth of seat pan


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Monitor iss#es and glareprotect your eyes +

!"e$to$screen distance at least %& inches 'op of screen at e"e leel or slightl" below

on*t stare+blink fre,uentl" to lubricatee"es

-se blinds to control outside light creen colors. dark letters on light

background (/01 blue)


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1or$ techni@#e

ask yourself

Do you avoid leaning on the wrist rest while keying and

mousing?

Are you using a light touch to key?

Are you holding your mouse loosely with your hand and

fingers in a relaxed position?

Do you let go of the mouse when not using it?Do you take 20 second breaks after every 20minutes

of keying?


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1or$ techni@#e

ask yourselfDo you take eye breaks and look at a distance every

20 minutes?

Do you blink while you look at the screen?

Do you take stretch breaks throughout the day?

Have you set up your work to encourage alternating

sitting and standing throughout the day?

Have you optimied your settings on your computer

to make your work easier? !i"e" flicker rate# mouse

speed# font sie$

Do you know how to ad%ust your keyboard tray andchair?


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Laptops

a few words

(arder on eyes and neck Saller screens Lower @#alit" displa"s Lower viewing angle

(arder on wrists on ars 4arrow $e"board

+w$ward post#res(arder on back Carr"ing can strain bac$

Risk Reduction !easures&)ternal $e"boards

%oc$ing stations

Practice good post#re on road

Risk actors


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1atch those deadlinesD

tension and stress * ask yourself


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Soe final words

,et#s think about it


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0ack $afety & 1rgonomics

isn.t just a work thing2%he big picture


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1rgonomics isn.t just a work thing2

think -physics le$erage working around home

1ashing dishes( pots / pans

Carr"ing and loading groceries

Pic$ing #p and carr"ing $ids

1al$ing the dog

Fard wor$

> a$ing( shoveling( sweeping

> Lawn owing( snow reoval

> 1heel barrels


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think of dri$ing your car &lbow resting on door( center console

1rist over steering wheel

'#ttoc$ and bac$ pain

Post#re

4erve and tiss#e copression

Position of legs while driving

M#scle strainA hastring tightness

%ecreased circ#lation

Upper nec$5bac$ tension and pain M#scle strainA#pper trapei#s

Stress reactions( trigger points

&"e strain

Glare

%eh"dration


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think of sleeping in your bed

4ec$ post#re

Sho#lder and ar post#re

1rist post#re

Enee and hip post#re

'ac$ post#re

or long periods of time# static and awkward positions3

decreased circulation3 increased compression2


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1rgonomics

there is no magic solutionwe are all unique in certain ways

(ge

4ender

(nthropometrics 5 0ody $i6e & $hape

> 17uipment accommodates 8th9 female to

:8th9 male

$kill ;e)el

4eneral %ealth and


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?U&ST!O4S2


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0ack +njuryrom an Ergonomic 0iew


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Common Back Disorders

&eneral %oint stiffness

Acute strains and sprains

Degenerative disk disease

'ulging disc

Herniated disc

(steoarthritis


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+nato" eview-

the spine

'ones

Hoints

%iscs

M#scles and ligaents

4erves


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+nato" eview-

the cur$es of the spine


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Poor 'od" Mechanics

Stressf#l Living / 1or$ing

Loss of 0le)ibilit"

Loss of Strength

Leading Ca#ses of 'ac$ Probles


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(nother cause of back problemsaccidents

It is also possible to injure

your back due to accidents.


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%ow do we take care of our back'

'od" Mechanics

Proper Lifting Techni@#es &)ercise

Stretching

!proved post#res


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B!tIs not how #ch "o# lift or ove( b#t the wa" "o# do itD

:< P#sh vs. P#ll

7< Eeep 1or$ 1ithin BStri$e 6one=< Eeep Load Close To 'od"

J< Use +bdoinal 'racing

9< Pivot with 0eet 3 +void Twisting

K< Tea 1or$ vs. M#le 1or$

0ody !echanics

1eneral Rules#


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-ower -osition#

1ide base of s#pport

0eet sho#lder width apart'ac$ straight*ead and sho#lders #p'end at hips and $nees 3 4OT '+CED

Eeep load close to bod"Tighten stoach #sclesUse leg( hip and b#ttoc$ #scles'reathe o#t with lift

-roper ;ifting Techni7ue


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?U&ST!O4S2

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