solving atomic calculations: working with: – elements – isotopes – ions – atomic # –...

Solving atomic calculations: • Working with: – Elements – Isotopes – Ions – Atomic # – Atomic mass – Charge

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Solving atomic calculations:

• Working with:– Elements– Isotopes– Ions

– Atomic #– Atomic mass– Charge

THE BASICS:Elements, Isotopes, and Ions

1. ELEMENTS: are atoms with the same # of protons (same Atomic #)

2. ISOTOPES (mass): are atoms of the same element with a particular # of neutrons (electrons aren’t involved)

3. IONS (charge): are atoms of the same element with a particular # of electrons (neutrons aren’t involved)

Page 3: Solving atomic calculations: Working with: – Elements – Isotopes – Ions – Atomic # – Atomic mass – Charge

Elements, Isotopes, and IonsREMEMBER:-protons:

-have a charge of +1, so they are involved in determining ions

(atoms of a particular charge)-have a mass of 1, so they

are involved in determining isotopes (atoms of a particular mass)

Page 4: Solving atomic calculations: Working with: – Elements – Isotopes – Ions – Atomic # – Atomic mass – Charge

REMEMBER:

-neutrons:

-have a charge of 0, so they are NOT involved in determining ions

(atoms of a particular charge)

-have a mass of 1, so they are involved in determining isotopes (atoms of a particular mass)

Page 5: Solving atomic calculations: Working with: – Elements – Isotopes – Ions – Atomic # – Atomic mass – Charge

REMEMBER:

-electrons:

-have a charge of -1, so they are involved in determining ions (atoms of a particular charge)

-have a mass of almost 0, so they are

NOT involved in determining isotopes(atoms of a particular mass)

CALCULATIONS• MASS NUMBER: – Is the total mass of a certain ISOTOPE of an

element.

1. How to calculate mass #:# of protons + # of neutrons = mass #

2. How to calculate # of neutrons from mass #:

(Mass #) – (atomic #) = # of neutrons

↕ ↕ ↕ (# of P + # of N) – (# of P) = # of N

CALCULATIONS• CHARGE, OR IONS: – Is the total charge (+ or - ) of a certain ION of an

element.

1. How to calculate charge:Difference between the # of protons & # of electrons =

charge of an ion

2. How to calculate # of neutrons from mass #:(+ Protons ) + (- electrons) = chargeEx.: +5p + (-3e) = +2 OR

+ 5 p - -3e = 2, since there’s more p’s than e’s, its +2

Page 8: Solving atomic calculations: Working with: – Elements – Isotopes – Ions – Atomic # – Atomic mass – Charge

CALCULATIONS:• ATOMIC # FROM OTHER INFORMATION:

1. From the charge:Ex.: if an atom has a charge of +2, and has 6- electrons, its Atomic # = 8 (+2 means it has 2 more + protons than

-electrons; (+2) + (6 electrons) = 8 protons = atomic # 8)

2. from # of neutrons and the mass #:(Mass #) – (# of neutrons) = atomic #

↕ ↕ ↕ (# of P + # of N) – (# of neutrons) = (# of P)

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