solutions, acids, and bases acids, bases, and salts iqra model school, tandur

Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Acids, Bases, and Salts

IQRA MODEL SCHOOL, TANDUR.

• An ACID is a substance that produces hydrogen ions in a water solution.

AcidsAcids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

• When an acid dissolves in water, H+ ions

interact with water molecules to form H3O+ ions, known as hydronium ions.

• Acids taste sour.• Acids are corrosive.

• An INDICATOR is an organic compound that changes color in acids and bases.


An acid forms H3O+ due to the excess of ________ ions?A. H+B. H-C. OH-

Acids have excess ______ ions?A. hydroxideB. waterC. hydronium

A hydronium ion, H3O+ contains _______.A. 3 helium atoms and 1 oxygen atomB. 3 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen

atoms plus something elseC. 1 hydrogen atom and 3 oxygen atomsD. 3 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Acids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

• An indicator is an organic compound that changes color in acids and bases.

• Litmus is an example of an indicator• Litmus paper is paper soaked in litmus

• Sometimes called pH paper, or pHydronium paper

INDICATORS


An acid will change the color of litmus, an indicator.A. TrueB. False

• Many foods contain acids.

Common Acid

s Acids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts


• Bases can be defined in two ways.

BasesAcids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

• Any substance that forms hydroxide ions, OH― in a water solution is a base.

• A base is any substance that accepts H+ from acids.


A base has an excess of _____ ions?A. H3O+

B. OH-C. H2O

Bases have excess ______ ions?A. hydroxideB. waterC. hydronium

A hydroxide ion, OH- has ____.A. 1 oxygen atom, 1 hydrogen atom with

another element missingB. 1 oxygen atom and 1 hydrogen atomC. 1 oxygen atom and 1 helium atomD. this ion does not exist.

• In solution, bases feel slippery and have a bitter taste.

Properties of Bases


33

• Bases react with indicators to produce changes in color.


Common BasesAcids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

You probably are familiar with many common bases because they are found in cleaning products used in the home.


Soaps and detergents are ____.A. acidsB. bases

• When an acid dissolves in water, the negative areas of nearby water molecules attract the positive hydrogen in the acid.

Solutions of Acids and BasesAcids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

Dissociation of Acids

• The acid dissociates into ions and the hydrogen atom combines with a water molecule to form hydronium ions.


Dissociation of BasesAcids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

• The base dissociates into a positive ion and a negative ion.

• Unlike in acid dissociation, water molecules do not combine with the ions formed from the base.

• The positive areas of nearby water molecules attract the - OH of the base.


H3O+ + OH- _______

A. H2OB. 2H2O

C. No reaction occurs

• Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that takes place in a water solution.

NEUTRALIZATION



Acid-Base ReactionsAcids, Bases, and SaltsAcids, Bases, and Salts

acid + base salt + water

• A SALT is a compound formed when the negative ions from an acid combine with the positive ions from a base.


What does an acid produce in solution?

A. H3O-

B. H3O+

C. H+D. H-

Question 1

What does an acid Form in solution?

A. H3O-

B. H3O+

C. H+D. H-

Question 1B

Section CheckSection Check

Question 1What does an acid produce in solution?

An acid produces hydrogen ions in solution, which interact with water molecules to form hydronium ions.

Answer


Which changes color in acids and bases?A. ammoniaB. antacidC. detergentD. litmus


Answer

The answer is D. Litmus is an indicator that turns blue in bases and red in acids.


Any substance that forms _______ in a water solution is a base.

A. H3O-

B. OH-

C. H++

D. H2O


Answer

The answer is B. A base is any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water.


solutions, acids, and bases acids, bases, and salts iqra model school, tandur

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