Solids, Liquids and Gases

Chapter 3

What will I learn today?

Today we will compare and contrast the states of matter using action words, Cornell notes, and a Venn Diagram.

1. States of Matter2. Solid – What is it?

3. Anything that has a definite shape and definite volume3. Particles of a solid

4. Closely locked in position

4. Vibrate 5. Move back and forth

slowly

2. Types of solids 3. Crystalline solid

4. contain particles in regular, repeating patterns.

4. Examples5. salt5. Quartz

3. Amorphous Solids4. Contain particles not arranged

in a regular pattern.4. Example

5. Butter5. Plastic5. Rubber

2. Liquid – what is it?3. Contains a definite

volume, but no shape3. Particles are loosely

connected3. Particles move faster

than a solid, but slower than a gas

2. Gas – what is it?3. a fluid that can change volume3. No definite shape3. squeeze together in a container3. Move in all directions3. More energy3. atoms and molecules are free to move independently, colliding frequently

Stop

3 Minute pause with task cards

Homework : Venn Diagram

Warm UpIn your science journals answer

the following questions:1) Would you rather be an

amorphous solid or crystalline solid? Explain why.

2) How would you determine if a liquid had high viscosity or low viscosity? What is the difference between the two?

Today we will analyze the states of matter using Cornell Notes, task cards, and vocab maps

1. States of matter

2. Liquids 3. A type of fluid – what is it?

4. a substance that flows.

3.Particles are about the same distance apart

3. A gas can also be a fluid

3. Properties of liquids4. Surface tension – what is it?

5. result of an inward pull among molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together

5. Surface acts like a skin5. Examples

6. bug walking on water

http://www.planet-scicast.com/view_clip.cfm?cit_id=2845&tab=friend

Google images

4. Viscosity – what is it?5. liquids resistance to

flowing5. depends on the size

and shape5. high viscosity = flow

slowly6. Honey

5. low viscosity = flow quickly

6. Water

HWCreate a vocab map for each of

the following terms1. Fluid2. Surface tension3. Viscosity

Today we will

Compare and contrast the changes of states of matter using cornell notes, task cards, and a vocab maps

1. Changes of States of matter

2. Changes between solids and liquids3. To change from a solid to a liquid, thermal energy is increased.3. Any change in thermal energy = a change in molecular motion!

3. Melting – what is it?4. change in state from solid to a liquid4. Melting point – what is it?

5. melting occurs at a specific temperature

5. melting point of water is 0oC4. Particles vibrate rapidly and break apart as thermal energy is added

3. Freezing – what is it?4. change from a liquid to a solid4. Particles move so slowly that they begin to take on a fixed position due to losing thermal energy

3. Both freezing and melting are physical changes

2. Changes between a liquid and a gas3. Vaporization – what is it?

4. Change from liquid to a gas

4. Occurs when particles in a liquid gain enough thermal energy to move independently

4. Two types5.Evaporation – what is it?

6. only takes place on the surface

5. Boiling – what is it?6. when a liquid

changes to a gas below and at the surface

6. boiling point – what is it? 7. Temperature at which a liquid boils.

7. Depends on air pressure

3. Condensation – what is it?4. change in state from a gas to a liquid4. Gas particles lose thermal energy4. Examples

5. Clouds5. Breathing on a mirror

2. Changes between Solid and Gas3. Sublimation – what is it?

4. Solids gain enough energy to change into a gas

4. Example5. Snow not reaching the

ground3. Particles do not pass through a liquid state

HW

NTG pages 51-53

Review Questions

Write the correct answer on the white board

A liquid has a

A. Constant temperatureB. Definite shapeC. Definite volumeD. Crystal structure

The change from a gas to a liquid is called

A. EvaporationB. MeltingC. CondensationD. Sublimation

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a crystalline

solid?A. Particles arranged in

repeating patternsB. Becomes softer and softer

as temperature risesC. Made of crystalsD. Has a distinct melting

point

Which of the following is not an example of vaporization?

A. Water rising into dry air that moves over the ocean

B. Bubbles forming as water boils

C. Wet pavement drying after a rain shower

D. Water droplets forming on a mirror

Because of surface tension, a liquid

A. Resists flowingB. Forms a crystalline solidC. Takes the shape of its

containerD. Forms droplets

A liquid with a low viscosity

A. Has a definite shapeB. Flows quicklyC. Flows slowlyD. Fills its container

True or False

During boiling, only particles on the surface of the liquid gain enough energy to become gas.

True or False

The change from a solid to a liquid is condensation.

A kind of matter that keeps its shape and volume is a

A. SolidB. LiquidC. GasD. An alien

Particles of a gas

a. Are packed very closely together

b. Do not movec. Can spread far apartd. Have a definite volume

When particles of a gas lose thermal energy, they move

A. FasterB. SlowerC. At the same speedD. Immediately come to a

halt

What will we learn today?

Today we will describe the behavior of gases using notes, a chart and NTG.

1. Behavior of Gases

2. Measuring gases3. need to know volume, temperature, pressure3. Volume – what is it?

4. the amount of space that matter fills3. Temperature – what is it?

4. measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of matter

3. Pressure – what is it?4. force of its outward

push divided by the area of the walls.

4. Pressure = Force Area

4. Measured in pascals

2. Temperature and volume3. Charles's Law – what is it?

4. When temperature of a gas is increased at constant pressure, the volume increases

4. When the temperature of a gas is decreased at a constant pressure, its volume decreases.

Charles's Law

2. Pressure and Volume3. Boyle’s Law – what is it?

4. When the pressure of a gas at constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases

4. when the pressure is decreased, the volume increases

Boyle’s Law

2. Pressure and Temperature3. Increasing temperature increases pressure3. When temperature decreases, the pressure decreases

Pressure Vs. Temperature

On a Left Side, Complete the chart

  ExampleProof from

the text

Charles's Law

Charles's Law

Boyle's Law    

Boyle's Law    

Pressure vs. Temperature    

Pressure vs. Temperature    

Vocabulary Changes in State S, L, G Laws Misc

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Vocab Solids Liquids Gas Laws Part II

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