solids
DESCRIPTION
Solids. Liquids. Gases. Plasmas. 2. Steam. Ice. Water. Heat. Heat. States of Matter. Solid , Liquid , and Gas. A solid has definite size and shape. A liquid has definite size but no definite shape. It takes the shape of its container. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ice Water
Steam
Heat Heat
A solid has definite size and shape.
A liquid has definite size but no definite shape. It takes the shape of its container.
A gas has neither definite size nor definite shape. It takes the size & shape of its container.
States of Matter Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Density
Which weighs more, a kilogram of iron or a kilogram of feathers?
Density = Mass/VolumeWhich is more dense, a kilogram of iron or a kilogram of feathers?
Units of Density: g/cm3, g/mLkg/m3,A rectangular solid has dimensions 8.0 cm long, 5.0 cm wide, and 2.0 cm thick. It has a mass of 1.6 kg. What is its density in g/cm3?
The same!
The iron!
Volume = length x width x thickness
Volume = 8.0 cm x 5.0 cm x 2.0 cm
Volume = 80 cm3
Density = Mass/VolumeDensity = 1600g/80 cm3
Density = 20g/cm3
Mass = 1.6 kg = 1600 g
Density of Water
Water has its maximum density at a temperature of approximately 4o C
Density = Mass/Volume
Density of Water = 1 g/cm3
1 cm3
If the density of an object is less than or equal to 1 g/cm3
1 g of water at a temperature of 4o C has a volume of 1 cm3 (1 mL).
Density of Water = 1 g/mL
, it will float.
If the density of an object is greater than 1 g/cm3 , it will sink.
Measuring Volume
Volume = length x width x thickness
V = L x W x TRectangular Solid
Cylinder
Volume = Cross Sectional Area x LengthV = A x L A = πr2
V = πr2LL
A
Measuring Volume of Irregular Solids
Volume of the irregular solid = Volume of water displaced
V = V2 – V1
Irregular Solid
V1
V2
Using the density of water to measure the volume of a container.
Determine the mass of the empty flask, m1.
Empty Flask
Filled with water
Fill the flask with water.
Determine the mass of the flask & water, m2.
Determine the mass water, m3 , as follows: m3 = m2 – m1
Use the density equation to find the volume. Density = mass /volume
Volume = mass /Density
Volume = m3 /1g/cm3
Volume of the water = Volume of the Flask
Scaling
Side = 1 cm
Side = 10 cm
Side = 2 cm
Volume = 8 cm3
Area = 24 cm2
Volume = 1 cm3
Area= 6 cm2
Volume= 1000 cm3
Area = 600 cm2
Area/Volume = 6
Area/Volume = .6
Area/Volume = 3
Scale Factor = 1
Scale Factor = 2
Scale Factor = 10
Area/Volume = 6
Area/Volume = .6
Area/Volume = 3
Scale Factor = 1 Scale Factor = 2
Scale Factor = 10
Heat Loss is proportional to AreaHeat Production is proportional to Volume
Heat Loss/Heat Production = Area/Volume
Heat Loss is 6 times as great as the Heat Production for the small cube.
Heat Loss is .6 times as great as the Heat Production for the cube scaled up by 10.
The small cube losses heat at 10 times the rate as the large cube.
Area/Volume = 6
Area/Volume = .6
Area/Volume = 3
Scale Factor = 1 Scale Factor = 2
Scale Factor = 10
Amount of skin is proportional to AreaWeight is proportional to Volume
Amount of Skin/Weight = Area/Volume
A pound of small potatoes has more skin than a pound of large potatoes.
I you want to make mashed potatoes you get more with large potatoes.