solid waste recycling: public and private partnership swm ...€¦ · solid waste recycling: public...
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SOLID WASTE RECYCLING:Public and Private Partnership
SWM Plan DesignIng. Giuseppe Milite CBSa1
Conferenza ALDAI Milano 19 Novembre 2015
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LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
URBAN PLANNING
PLAN DESIGNWASTE
COMPOSITION
SWM STATUS
ANALYSIS
FLOW CHART DESIGN PROCESS OF SWM
IMPLENTATION
PLANAVAILABLE PLANTS
TO TRANFER
SORTING DISPOSAL
OR RECYCLING
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Legal Framework
Generally all nations have adopted lawsto protect the environment and humanhealth, but they very often haven’ttaken measures to generate economicbenefits that push towards wastemanagement systems to reduce theamount of waste disposed in thelandfills.
In substance they are not considered thehidden cost paid by the environment.
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URBAN PLANNING
LOW DEMOGRAPHIC DENSITY
HIGH DEMOGRAPHIC DENSITY
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Urban Planning
The main urban elements usefull to design the SWM are:• demographic data;• distribution and typology of civil settlements
(households per housing unit);• toponomy of the area (cartographies, road
list);• road routes• distribution and typology of not household
activities;• seasonal flows of tourist or daily flows of
employes
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SWM STATUS ANALISYS
Papeleras de la OHC en las calles rehabilitadas del Centro Histórico
Triciclos y utensilios de trabajo de las barredoras del Centro Histórico
Depósitos al interior de las instalaciones de Habaguanex
Camiones recolectores de la brigada de la OHC
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SWM STATUS ANALISYS
Existing Transference Waste Plan;
Location of landfills in use;
Existing process of waste sorting, recycling or reuse;
Analysis of any existing markets of the wastecollected materials, transport methods, prices;
Analysis of local industries that could potentially useraw materials from the differentiated waste
Actual service costs divided between costs ofcollection transport and disposal
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PLAN DESIGN
The plan design has to define:
• which types of waste is appropriate differentiate;
• in how many flow lines is appropriatedifferentiate;
• amount of waste to be collected by typology;
• vehicle and equipment required;
• human resources required;
• financial and economic resources necessary tosupport the process.
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PLAN DESIGN
The draft plan developed on the basicstatistical data is the tool to verify thefeasibility and sustainability of the newcollection system.
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PLAN DESIGN
Data Analysis
Statistical Waste
SeasonalFlow
Demographic
Standard Vehiches and Equipments
ResourcesCalculation
Parameters of Productivity
Target of Collection
Human
Financial & Economic Plan
Basic Assumptions
Vehicles & Equipments
Method and Frequency of
Collection
NotHouseholder
Activities
Householder
Business Plan
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PLAN DESIGN
Costs
Taxes
TaxCollection
NeeedResources
SWM
Financial Requirement
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TWO REAL CASE - RE.VI.ME. PROJECT OPERATIONAL PLAN FOR LA
HABANA AND SANTO DOMINGORE.VI.ME. project has developed two differentoperational SWM plans:
• Santo Domingo Ciudad Colonial-Home sortingwaste collection with bags of different colors;
• La Habana Centro Historico- Collection with binsfor not householder activities.
These two operational plans can and should beintegrated for both partners in order to develop asingle plan of services for all users of the collectionareas.
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RE.VI.ME. PROJECT WASTE COMPOSITION
S.Domingo DataAVERAGED DATA BETWEEN
HOUSEHOLDS AND NOT
WASTE TYPOLOGY Percentuale
Organic 52,9 %
Paper and Cardboard 20,3 %
Glass 6,0 %
Plastics 9,2 %
Metals 3,4 %
Other 8,3 %
TOTAL 100,0 %
AVERAGED DATA BETWEEN
HOUSEHOLDS AND NOT
Frazione
merceologica
Percentuale
Organic 41,5%
Paper and Cardboard 20,0%
Glass 10,0%
Plastics 7,8%
Metals 3,4%
Other 16,7%
TOTAL 100,0 %
La Habana Data
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An Example of Service Calculation
Habana Vecha Operational Plan-Expected quantities
PORCENTAJES PREVISTOS DE RECOGIDA
Fracciónmerceológica
Porcentajemerceológico
Porcentajeinterceptado
Porcentajeprevisto
Cantidad Interceptada[kg/día]
Plástico (P) 7.8 % 30.0 % 2.34 % 444Aluminio (Al) 1.0 % 25.0 % 0.25% 47Hierro (H) 3.0 % 10.0 % 0.30 % 60Papel (Pa) 12.0 % 30.0 % 3.60 % 720Cartón (C) 8.0 % 30.0 % 2.40 % 480TOTAL 31.8 % 8.89 % 1,751
PORCENTAJES PREVISTOS DE RECOGIDAFracciónmerceológica
Mater. interceptados/día
[kg/día]
Volumen Específ. Aparente[m3/kg]
Mater. interceptados/día[m3/día]
Envases 551 0.033 18,2Papel 720 0.020 14,4Cartón 480 0.040 19.2TOTAL 1,751 51,8
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An Example of Service CalculationOperational Plan-Frequency of Service and Productivity
Los valores de la tabla de arriba se pueden convertir en contenidores considerandocontenidores por 360 litros de capacidad llenos al 85% por envases y 90% por papel.
BOLSAS A RECOGER POR TURNO AL VARIAR LA FRECUENCIA
Volúmenes
por día
Volúmenes
por semana
N. y Capacidad
contenedores
Capacidad
contenedores
Capacidad
contenedores
[m3] [m3]f=2/7
[m3] - N
f=3/7
[m3] - N
f=4/7
[m3]
Envases 18.2 127.4 74.9 - 208 50.0 – 139 37.5 -104
Papel 14.4 100.8 56.0 - 156 37.3 - 104 28.0 - 78
El número de contenidores que se pueden recoger por equipo y por turno detrabajo depende de:
•Capacidad del medio empleado•Distribución de los usuarios•Longitud y condiciones de la calzada en las calles del trayecto de recogida•Distancia al área de donde se descarga el material recogido
84 cont/equipo/turno
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An Example of Service CalculationOperational Plan-Frequency of Service and Productivity
EQUIPOS NECESARIOS PARA LA RECOGIDA PARA ENVASES CON FRECUENCIA 3/7
Fracciónmerceológica
Volú-menes por
recogida
Contenidores
Capaci-dadvehículo
Contenidores max por turno por vehiculo
Vehiculo Necesarios
Esquipos de recogi-da
necesarios
[m3] [N] [m3] [n°] [n°]Envases 50.0 164 5.0 84 2 2
Plan de recogida con frecuencia 3/7 PARA ENVASES 2/7 PAPEL y 6/7 PARA CARTÓN
Fracciónmerceológica
Lunes Martes Miércoles Jueves Viernes Sábado
Envases 2 2 2
Papel 2 2
Cartón 1 1 1 1 1 1
Total equipos 3 3 3 3 3 1
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An Example of Service Calculation
Operational Plan La Habana - Expected revenues sale materials
Tipo de materialCantidadRecogidaanuales
Cantidadneta de lasimpurezas
PrecioUnitario
Ingresosanuales
Ingresosanuales
[ton] [ton] [CUC/ton] [CUC] [€]
plástico 162.10 145.89 149 21,738 16,721
aluminio 17.20 15.48 991 15,341 11,800
lata 21.90 19.71 85 1,675 1,288
papel 262.80 236.52 20 4,730 3,638
cartón 175.20 157.68 58 9,145 7,034
TOTAL 52,629 40,484
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An Example of Service Calculation
Operational Plan La Habana– Results in the first three months
Typology of Waste
Expected
Amount 3
months
Real Amount
first three
months
[ton] [ton]
plástico 40,525 0,12
aluminio 4,3 1,36
lata 5,475 n.d.
papel 65,7 1,81
cartón 35 9,9
Results for users coverage: 68%
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CRITICAL ISSUES
The main problems that emerged more clearly fromthe experiences that are maturing are:
-lack of economic lever determined by the low cost oflandfilling;
-lack of economic lever linked to incentives toutilities;
-difficulty to transfer the new cultural model relatedto recycling to the population and to the managers ofthe business of the area;
-lack of infrastructures and plants necessary tomanage the sorting waste collection.
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CRITICAL ISSUES
The waste sorting collection undoubtedly increases the costs ofwaste disposal.
The Caribbean countries, like most emerging economies, have lowcost of landfilling which effectively determines a critical issues ofthe feasibility of sorting collection. This is essentially due to thefact that landfills are not controlled and the environmental costsare "hidden".
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CRITICAL ISSUES
The differentiation of the waste requires theestablishment of plant necessary for the treatment ofdifferentiated waste in order to determine thepossibility of recycling the materials in a productioncycles. Mainly there is the need to:
• selection and sorting centres to separe and reducein volume for waste packaging fractions;
• treatment plants of the organic fraction
In particular the realization of a plant for the organicfraction determines the possibility to collect andrecycle approximately 50% of the waste
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Recycle for a better life.
Thank You for Your Attention.