SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE

TYPES OF WASTE Solid Waste-unwanted soilds

Municipal Soild Waste-garbage Industrial Solid Waste-indirect

Hazardous (Toxic) Waste-threatens human health=toxic/flammable Batteries/pesticides/cleaners/sludge

**Affluenza-US = 1/3 of the solid waste (55% MSW/30% recycled/15% burned)

Al/tires/diapers/carpet/plastic bottles/Styrofoam/edible food/paper

INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT (IWM)

Waste Reduction Waste Management

75-90% of soild waste could be eliminated

THE FOUR R’s! Refuse Reduce Reuse Repurpose Recycle

RECYCLE Items: paper, glass, aluminum, steel,

and plastics. PRE CONSUMER and POST CONSUMERUS recycles 30% Japan 50%

Primary-recycled into same product Secondary-recycled into new product MSWMRF’s (materials recovery

facilities) Composting

Advantages DisadvantagesAir/Water Pollution Landfills lose $Save Energy May lose $

(glass/plastics)Reduce GH emissions Source Separation $ paper, metals

Where else would the garabage go? Power…..Burning….Burying.…..Landfills

LANDFILLS Open Dumps-developing Sanitary Landfills-Lined with wells to

monitor leakage. Thin layers (compacted) w/ clay/plastic (reduce leachate, fire, odor, animals). Leachates are pumped into tanks to store onsite.

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/landfill.htm

Advantages DisadvantagesNo open burning Noise/TrafficOdor Dust/ErosionLined-low groundwater pollution

Air Pollution-CO2/methane/VOC’s/Dioxins!

Quick to build Leaks/LeachatesLow $ Slow

decompositionFilled- Recreation Discourages

RRRRHigh Yield

HAZARDOUS WASTE Soild/liquid that is toxic, ignitable, corrosive,

or could explode. Organic-solvents/pesticides/PCB’s, Dioxins Heavy Metals-Pb (neurotoxin/teratogen), Hg

(neurotoxin/coal burning, volcanoes/bioaccumulation fish), Arsenic

U.S………is #1 (Let’s go China!) Military – 1/3 – NO EPA INTERACTION Chemical Companies Mining Industry

Government Regulates:CERCLA (SUPERFUND)-tax/regulate point sourceResource Conservation and Recovery Act-illegal disposal/permitsCRADLE to GRAVE

Superfund-allocated to clean up abondoned hazardous waste sites (brownfields)…..expired in 1995-now taxpayers pay…..

Terrorists love hazardous waste

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

Recycle, reuse, detoxify, burn, bury? Incineration or Plasma Torch-HIGH temp.

break down hazards Air Bury-Deep Well Disposal-underneath aquifers

Air/Water Detox:

Physical: Filters/electrostatics/capsules Chemical: cyclodextrin- starch/nanomagnets Biological-bioremediation-bacteria/enzymes

convert to harmless Phytoremediation-”Pollution Sponges” GM plants to

absorb/filter contaminants from soil/water