solar wind magnetosphere ionosphere link explorer: so x-ray … · 2016-03-01 · nave 4510 x 4510...

SteveSembaySMILE-SXIPI

DepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomyUniversityofLeicester,UK

OnbehalfoftheSMILE-SXIcollaboraBon

SolarwindMagnetosphereIonosphereLinkExplorer:SoHX-rayImager(SMILE-SXI)

29thFebruary,2016 IACHEC,ICUAAPune,India 1


now planned Q3 2021

•  SMILE Mission Joint Co-PIs: Graziella Branduardi-Raymont, MSSL, UK Chi Wang, NSSC, China


Magnetosheath

Efficiency factor α depends on CX X-sections and SW heavy ion and target neutral composition α ~ 9.4 x 10-16 eV cm2 (slow wind) α ~ 3.3 x 10-16 eV cm2 (fast wind) SW heavy ion content is ~1%

vav nsw nH

Robertson & Cravens (2003, 2006) Exosphere model (Hodges 1994) MHD model

X-ray power depends on SW density and velocity and exosphere density


MagnetosphericSolarWindChargeeXchange(SWCX)

Aq+ + B → A(q-1)+* + B+

A(q-1)+* → A(q-1)+ + hν

SWCX: Heavy solar wind ions, A, in collision

with neutral target atoms, B


NSW=4.5cm-3VSW=420kms-1 NSW=22.7cm-3VSW=623kms-1

MHDModelCXEmissivity:POVat20RET.Sun,NSSC

Magnetopause

Bowshock

Earth

Cusp

Cusp

History:ROSATPSPCLEOAll-SkySurvey,1990

ROSAT¼keVSurveyPre-cleaning

ROSAT¼keVSurveyPost-cleaning

¼keVband


ExampleXMMSpectra:NarrowFOVLOSthroughmagnetosheath(similarspectrafromSuzakuinLEO)

1

0.01

0.10

1.00

Cts s-1 ke

V-1

0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0Energy (keV)

0.0

0.5

1.0Res

iduals

1

1

0.0 1

0.1 0

1.0 0

Cts s-1 keV-1

0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0Energy (keV)

0.0

0.5

1.0

Residuals

1

MOS1 MOS1Flare Quiescent

Snowden,Collier&Kuntz2004 Carter,Sembay&Read2010

CMEOVIII

NeX

SiXIII


CXSignal~3xBackground0.3–2.0keV

10

CoronalMassEjecBoninteracBon:31March2001

SMILE-SXIsimulatedobservaBons:SMILEorbit~50hours,19REApogee,1REPerigee

IanWhigaker,UoL

SoHX-rayImager–BasicconfiguraBon

T.Sun(NSSC)

SWCX Spectrum

10.0001

0.0010

0.0100

0.1000

1.0000

Rel

ativ

e In

tens

ity

1Energy (keV)

0.1

1.0

10.0

100.0

1000.0

Cts

s-1 k

eV-1

0.2 2

Input CX spectrum

Observed BGD subtracted spectrum54.8 Kcts

C VI O VIIO VIII Fe

Ne X Mg XIMg XISi XIIISi XIV

CCDDetectorPlanePhotoncounBngHighQEinsoHX-rays

~80%at250eVMediumenergyresoluBon

~50eVFWHMat500eV

Lobster-eyeMicroporeOp7cUltra-widefieldofview

~22°x25°375mmfocallengthLowMass

~1kgopBcarray(only)

SXIFOVUVIFOV


OpBcs–Lobster-eyeMicroporeOpBcs(MPO)

Manufactured(Photonis)asglassplates,typically4x4cm,1mmthick,heat-slumpedtorequiredradiusofcurvature

SVOMbreadboard,UoL

Square-packed20μmpores,6μmwalls

PlatesgluedontoframetobuildFOV.1mmoverlap.

Lowmass:FlightopBc~1kg29thFebruary,2016 IACHEC,ICUAAPune,India 12

OpBcs–SpaceInstrumentaBonHeritage

SVOMbreadboard,UoL

MIXS(MIXS-TandMIXS-C)instrumentsonESA/JAXABepiColombomissiontoMercury,Launch2017,arrival2024.MIXSPIinsBtuteUoLMIXS-T:Radially-packedMPOsinWolterGeometryMIXS-C:Square-packedMPOsemployedas

collimators.MPOsslumpedto55cmROC,detectoratdistanceequaltoslumpradius

DXL/STORMModule.PIMichaelCollier,NASA/GSFCFlewonDXLsoundingrocketflight,December2012FirstLobster-eyeMPOtelescopetobelaunchedintospace.DetectedX-raysfromsoHX-raybackground.SuccessfullyrecovereddespiteabnormalvibraBonduringlaunch.


Detectorplane–CCDBaseline–2x2arraye2vCCD270

e2vCCD270–PLATO(ESAM3)derivaBveNaBve4510x451018μmpixelsNaBveImagearea8.12x8.12cmBack-illuminated2-nodereadoutavailableOperatedwithasymmetricframestore6xbinninggiving108μmpixelsBaseline~1sframeBme

PLATO:ESAM3exoplanetmission36cameras,eachwith2x2arrayofCCDsSMILEleveragesworkdoneforPLATOonCCDsandreadoutelectronics

SMILE-SXICCDsopBmisedforX-raydetecBone.g.noARcoaBng


XMM-EPIC:14xMOS12xpnCCDs~120cm2

AthenaWFI:4xDEPFETS~177cm2

Detectorplane–ComparaBvesizes(toscale)

SMILE-SXI:4xPLATOderivaBveCCDs~226cm2AcBveArea

M1 M2

pn29thFebruary,2016 IACHEC,ICUAAPune,India 15

InstrumentResponseOpBconly,IridiumCoaBngwith85%bafflevignesngOpBcxCCD-QEOpBcxCCD-QExFilter600ÅMgF2,600ÅAl

SWCX Spectrum

10.0001

0.0010

0.0100

0.1000

1.0000

Rel

ativ

e In

tens

ity

0.2 21Energy (keV)

0

10

20

30Ef

f. Ar

ea (c

m2 )

SXI ResponseOptic

Optic * QE

Total

0.2 1 2

PeakEff.Area~10cm2

SXI PSF

-5 0 5Degrees

-5

0

5

Deg

rees

MeasuredPSFCore~6arcminutesFWHM~32%offluxwithin15arcminutesradius~48%offluxwithin60arcminutesradiusat500eV

SimulatedPSFat500eV


Component Rate(ctss-1pixel-1)

SWCX 0.03

SkyBackground 0.12

ParBcleBackground 0.02

Averagepointsources

0.0015

Timeforpixel>3σ 1700s

MHD Simulation

-30 -20 -10 0 10Degrees

-20

-10

0

10

20

Deg

rees

5

10

15

20

25

CX

Inte

nsity

(keV

cm

-2 s-1

sr-1)

Counts (Bgd.Subtr.): 300 s

-20 -10 0 10Degrees

-20

-10

0

10

20

Deg

rees

0

10

20

30

40

Cts

per

1.0

x1.0

deg

pix

el

140912_shock_larger_alpha_o3_1515NSW: 4.54 cm-3 VSW: 420.41 km s-1 By: 8.56 nT Bz: -0.070 nT

Position: 8.58 5.16 17.03 GSEAim Point: 8.48 0.00 0.00 GSE

MHD Simulation

-30 -20 -10 0 10Degrees

-20

-10

0

10

20

Deg

rees

50

100

150

CX

Inte

nsity

(keV

cm

-2 s-1

sr-1)


-20 -10 0 10Degrees

-20

-10

0

10

20

Deg

rees

0

50

100

150

200

250

Cts

per

1.0

x1.0

deg

pix

el

140912_IMF_turning_larger_alpha_o3_1935NSW: 23.74 cm-3 VSW: 641.12 km s-1 By: 5.48 nT Bz: -11.68 nT

Position: 8.58 5.16 17.03 GSEAim Point: 8.48 0.00 0.00 GSE


SWCX 0.70

SkyBackground 0.12


Averagepointsources

0.0015


SWCXatmagnetosheathpeakEnergyrange0.1to2.0keV

Pixel=1.0degrees

PredictedSXIperformance


Noteonrela7vepar7clebackground:•  EsBmatedSXIparBclebackground(conBnuum)is

~0.024ctscm-2s-1keV-1

•  ObservedquiescentXMMEPIC-MOSparBclebgd

~0.0028ctscm-2s-1keV-1

i.e.SXIfactor~10higherthanEPIC-MOS•  1cm2onSXIdetectorhasgrasp(FOVxEff.Area)of

~2.3sq.degreesx10cm2=23.3•  1cm2onMOSdetectorhasgrasp(FOVxEff.Area)of

~0.0048sq.degreesx450cm2=2.2i.e.X-raydiffusefluxtoparBclebackgroundraBoper

detectorpixelissimilarinbothinstruments.

PredictedSXIperformance


SWCX 0.03

SkyBackground 0.12


Averagepointsources

0.0015



SWCX 0.70

SkyBackground 0.12


Averagepointsources

0.0015


SWCXatmagnetosheathpeakEnergyrange0.1to2.0keV

Pixel=1.0degrees


Image Scan, Solar Wind: N=4.54, V=420.41

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10Shift from magnetopause location (degrees)

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

Nor

mal

ised

pro

file

MHD Simulation

CTS Image

PSF Deconvolved

Image Scan, Solar Wind: N=12.35, V=650.0

-10 -5 0 5 10 15Shift from magnetopause location (degrees)

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

Nor

mal

ised

pro

file

MHD SimulationCTS ImagePSF Deconvolved

MHD Simulation

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30Degrees

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Deg

rees

0

5

10

15

CX

Inte

nsity

(keV

cm

-2 s-1

sr-1)


-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30Degrees

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Deg

rees

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Cts

per

1.0

x1.0

deg

pix

el

Processed: 300 s

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30Degrees

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Deg

rees

0

20

40

60

80

Cts

per

1.0

x1.0

deg

pix

el

140912_shock_larger_alpha_o3_1515

NSW: 4.54 cm-3 VSW: 420.41 km s-1 By: 8.56 nT Bz: -0.070 nTPosition: 8.58 5.16 17.03 GSEAim Point: 8.48 0.00 0.00 GSE

MHD Simulation

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30Degrees

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Deg

rees

0

20

40

60

80

CX

Inte

nsity

(keV

cm

-2 s-1

sr-1)


-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30Degrees

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Deg

rees

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Cts

per

1.0

x1.0

deg

pix

el

Processed: 300 s

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30Degrees

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Deg

rees

0

100

200

300

400

Cts

per

1.0

x1.0

deg

pix

el

140912_shock_larger_alpha_o3_1530

NSW: 12.35 cm-3 VSW: 650.00 km s-1 By: 23.89 nT Bz: -5.16 nTPosition: 8.58 5.16 17.03 GSEAim Point: 8.48 0.00 0.00 GSESIMS

PSFdeconvoluBonusingLIRApackagehgps://github.com/astrostat/LIRA


SMILEOrbitSimulator

AndyRead,UniversityofLeicester


->DeepcoveragetowardsSouthEclipBcPole

IACHEC,ICUAAPune,India

BrightX-raysources–SXIcountsvon-Bme,exampleorbit

29thFebruary,2016 21

10,000

1,000

IACHEC,ICUAAPune,India

BrightX-raysources–SXIcountsvSXIon-Bme

N132D~60,000cts

ABDor~30,000cts

1E0102~7,500cts

29thFebruary,2016 22

10,000

1,000

Thankyou


solar wind magnetosphere ionosphere link explorer: so x-ray … · 2016-03-01 · nave 4510 x 4510...

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