SOLAR POWER IN INDIA

Made By: (GROUP 03)

ABHISHEK CHATURVEDIISHA SAXENAKULDEEP RUPANISHUBHANSHU GUPTASURABHI SINHA

INTRODUCTION

Solar energy is genesis for all forms of energy.

This energy can be made use of in two ways the Thermal route i.e. using heat for drying, heating, cooking or generation of electricity or through the Photovoltaic route which converts solar energy in to electricity that can be used for a myriad purposes such as lighting, pumping and generation of electricity.

With its pollution free nature, virtually inexhaustible supply and global distribution- solar energy is very attractive energy resource.

Technology

Solar Photovoltaic The cells convert solar radiation (sunlight) into electricity. A solar cell is a semi-conducting device made of silicon and/or other materials, which, when exposed to sunlight, generates electricity. Solar cells are connected in series and parallel combinations to form modules that provide the required power.

Solar Thermal Solar Thermal Power systems, also known as Concentrating Solar Power systems, use concentrated solar radiation as a high temperature energy source to produce electricity using thermal route.

WORLD LARGEST SOLAR PLANT IN TAMIL NADU (INDIA) WITH CAPACITY TO PRODUCE 648 MW OF ELECTRICITY

In January 2016, the Prime Minister of India, Mr. Narendra Modi and the President of France, Mr. Francois Hollande laid the foundation stone for the headquarters of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) in Gwalpahari, Gurgaon.

The ISA will focus on promoting and developing solar energy and solar products for countries lying wholly or partially between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

Solar power in India is a fast-growing industry and as of 31 December 2016, the country's solar grid had a cumulative capacity of 9,012.66 megawatts (MW)

In terms of solar energy, India ranks 11th in the world.

India first Solar plant was setup in Amritsar, Punjab

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)

The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission was launched on the 11th January, 2010 by the Prime Minister. The Mission has set the ambitious target of deploying 20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by 2022 is aimed at reducing the cost of solar power generation in the country through

(i) long term policy (ii) large scale deployment goals (iii) aggressive R&D (iv) domestic production of critical raw materials, components and products as a result to achieve grid tariff parity by 2022. Mission will create an enabling policy framework to achieve this objective and make India a global leader in solar energy.

The Solar Energy can be tapped via two routes solar thermal and solar photovoltaic. Thus the framework is targeted to achieve Solar energy utilization via these routes:

Various tax exemptions, capital subsidies and incentives are available for several components and sub-components of solar energy value chain. JNNSM promotes the assembly of solar modules after import of cells which is free from import taxes.

Per capita land availability is very low in India, and land is a scarce resource. Dedication of land area near substations for exclusive installation of solar cells might have to compete with other necessities that require land.

Manufacturers are mostly focused on export markets that buy Solar PV cells and modules at higher prices thereby increasing their profits. Many new suppliers have tie-ups with foreign players in Europe and United States thereby prioritizing export demand. This could result in reduced supplies for the fast-growing local market.

The lack of closer industry-government cooperation for the technology to achieve scale.

The need for focused, collaborative and goals driven R&D to help India attain technology leadership in PV

Training and development of human resources to drive industry growth and PV adoption

The need to build consumer awareness about the technology, its economics and right usage.

PROBLEMS BEING FACED

CONCLUSION

After having a thorough discussion on Solar Energy in India, We built an understanding that energy prices in India are climbing, and supply, while growing, is not keeping pace with steep demand. Solar Power, despite initial challenges, is becoming a multibillion-dollar opportunity. Fiscal Incentives were also taken by government in order to support and growth of Solar Energy.

Partnerships necessary with global stakeholders.

India to be a major global player in PV (Photovoltaic) technology.

SCOPE OF FURTHER STUDYAs some recent initiatives are taken by government and by considering several factors we can say that Solar

Energy has a huge scope.

Solar thermal power generation can play a significant important role in meeting the demand supply gap for electricity.

Four types of applications are possible

1. Rural electrification using solar dish collector technology.

2. Typically these dishes care of 10 to 25 kW capacity each and use striling engine for power generation. These can be developed for village level distributed generation by hybridizing them with biomass gasifier for hot air generation.

3. Integration of solar thermal power plants with existing industries such as paper, dairy or sugar industry, which has cogeneration units Many industries have steam turbine sets for cogeneration. These can be coupled with solar thermal power plants. Typically these units are of 5 to 250 MW capacities and can be coupled with solar thermal power plants. This approach will reduce the capital investment on steam turbines and associated power-house infrastructure thus reducing the cost of generation of solar electricity.

4. Integration of solar thermal power generation unit with existing coal thermal power plants. The study shows that savings of up to 24% is possible during periods of high insolation for feed water heating to 241°C.

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REFERENCES

http://www.eai.in/ref/ae/sol/cs/spi/kc/key_challenges_in_the_growth_of_solar_pv_technology_in_india.html

https://www.rroij.com/open-access/solar-power