solar energy register - geoplex · 2013-04-23 · project set-up public authorities photovoltaic...
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SOLAR ENERGY REGISTER• Shading analysis • Highest accuracy• SolarWEB
Branch offi ce Halle (Westf.)Osnabrücker Str. 77a33790 Halle (Westf.)
Fon: +49 5201 85634 - 30Fax: +49 5201 85634 - 24
GEOPLEX GmbH
Corporate Headquarters Möserstraße 149074 Osnabrück
Fon: +49 541 357318 - 30Fax: +49 541 357318 - 31
Geoplex GmbH - innovati on, competence, service
Base data: Airborne Laser Scanning
The Geoplex Building-Detecti on
Calculati on of the solar potenti al
Solar potenti al going online
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Project Set-up
Public Authorities
Photovoltaic Economy
3D Planning
Installation
PHOTOVOLTAIC
CONSULTING
Building Detection
3D-Information Systems
Solar Energy Registers
PLANNING SYSTEMS
RANGE OF SERVICES
1. Geoplex GmbH - innovati on, competence, service
The Geoplex GmbH is a spin-off from the Insti tute of Geoinformati cs and Remote Sensing (IGF), University of
Osnabrück, Germany. Since its foundati on in September 2009, Geoplex successfully developed a wide range
of services in the fi elds of photovoltaics, consulti ng and planning systems.
We set the stage for your data
The derivati on of interacti ve Solar Energy Registers out of Airborne Laser Scanner Data (Lidar) is one of our
core products in the fi eld of planning systems. The Geoplex Solar Energy Register enables the internet-based
display of the photovoltaic potenti als on the rooft ops of greater areas (such as citi es or communiti es). As a
result the present data structure allows the user to perform local and large-scale queries. In this way you
can identi fy the solar energy potenti als of the reference area eff ecti ve and target-oriented. Furthermore the
Solar Energy Register is a driving force to a climate friendly, more intensive use of photovoltaics.
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2. Base data: Airborne Laser Scanning
For the derivati on of Solar Energy Registers a digital elevati on model (DEM) is needed. The DEM contains
elevati on and locati on for each measuring point (x-, y-, z-coordinates). Due to high accuracy Airborne Laser
Scanner Data is the opti mal base data for a Solar Energy Register. If there is no Laser Scanner Data available
in your region it is also possible to work with high resoluti on aerial pictures (ground resoluti on: minimum
20 cm).
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Measurement technology Laser Scanning
Basically the functi onality of an Airborne Laser Scan-
ner is comparable to a depth sounder. In this case
the distance measurement is based on the measu-
rement of the lapse of ti me that lies between the
emission of the laser impulse and the refl ecti on of
the returning laser impulse. The measuring instru-
ment is mounted verti cally under the carrier plane
and emits a pulsed or conti nuous laser impulse. This
impulse needs in a fl ying alti tude of for example
1.000 m 6,671 microseconds for the whole measu-
ring length (see fi gure on the right).
Certainly just the distance between the earth surface and the Laser Scanner is measured hereby. Conse-
quently the exact positi on of the carrier plane (that is its locati on in a three dimensional reference system)
has to be known, too. This positi on-fi xing is working with a diff erenti al Global Positi oning System (dGPS) (see
fi gure above). Because the carrier plane conti nues fl ying during the measurement and furthermore does
not move verti cally above the ground these deviati ons through movement and fl ight atti tude of the carrier
plane must be considered. To do so a Laser Inerti al Navigati on System (LINS) is on board of the carrier plane
and measures the three fl ight parameters pitch around the pitch axis, pitch around the roll axis and rotati on
around the yaw axis (see fi gure above). On the based of the given informati on regarding the exact positi on
of the carrier plane in the air and the distance between carrier plane and a surface point the digital elevati on
model can be computed.
Result of the measurement
The method of Airborne Laser Scanning delivers a 3D elevati on model that consist of a set of measured
points (1-15 points per m²). Each measured point just holds informati on about its positi on and elevati on (x-,
y-, z-coordinates). Beyond that the point cloud is not further classifi ed. Consequently it is not known if a mea-
sured point is situated for example on a tree or on a roof. In order to get this informati on Geoplex developed
a building-detecti on that is described in the following.
z z
z dGPS
LINSGPS referencestation
x
x
y
y
3. The Geoplex Building-Detecti on
In order to detect all roof sides in the reference area Geoplex
has developed an own recogniti on program. Based on the Laser
Scanner Data the fully automated technology detects more than
95 % of all buildings – from a garage up to an industrial complex.
Within the process the program does not require additi onal in-
formati on such as fl oor plans or aerial pictures. This is an advan-
tage in order to avoid problems with incompati ble data or data
that is not on hand parallel.
In four steps from a measured point to a polygon
Step 1: The Digital Elevati on Model is loaded into the Geoplex
framework (see fi gure on the right, Step 1).
Step 2: The Laser Scanner points are classifi ed into buildings,
ground and vegetati on (see fi gure on the right, Step 2).
Step 3: The unimportant vegetati on and ground points are dele-
ted. Subsequently the program separates the detected roofs into
their single roof sides (see fi gure on the right, Step 3).
Step 4: The detected roof sides are converted from the point for-
mat into an aerial format (polygon-shape). These roof sides are
now ready for the calculati on of the solar potenti al (see fi gure on
the right, Step 4).
Advantages of the Building-Detecti on
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Step 1
Height above sea level
+ 30 m
+ 0 m
Classi� cation result
BuildingGroundVegetation
Pitched roofFlat roof
Roof type
+
-
Roof side ID
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Change detecti on: By having building data that has been de-
tected consistent and actual, it is possible to detect changes
in the reference area (for example compared to the state ow-
ned fl oor plans).
Real roof shapes: The Geoplex building-detecti on does not
use standardized roofs. Consequently you get a realisti c pic-
ture of the present structures in the reference area.
High-precision Solar Energy Register: Clear rise in the result
quality compared to a global classifi cati on of fl oor plans.
4. Calculati on of the solar potenti al
Based on the detected roof sides the calculati on of the solar potenti al can follow. Due to the economic elec-
tricity producti on with photovoltaics four essenti al site-related factors (expositi on, pitch, size and shading)
have to be computed. Consequently these four factors are accorded to a category that shows the solar po-
tenti al of every roof side.
Aft er all main site-related factors have been computed the detected roofs are categorized due to their po-
tenti al for the installati on of photovoltaic systems (categories: very suitable to not suitable). Furthermore the
internet based visualizati on and query of the results by an adequate WebGIS has to be implemented.
Expositi onThe opti mal expositi on of a roof side is identi cal worldwide. An ex-positi on southwards assures the highest electricity earnings. Every fundamental variati on west- or eastwards means a loss of energy earnings. Consequently every variati on from the south directi on li-mits the suitability of a roof side.
PitchIn Germany the opti mal pitch for producing energy with photovol-taics fl uctuates around 30 degrees. In general the opti mal pitch is a bit steeper in northern regions than in the south. To accommodate that the geographical positi on of the reference area is considered while categorizing the pitch results.
SizeAn economicaly reasonable size for the producti on of solar energy is dependent on several factors (energy earnings, costs, state aid or other fi nancial support). Experience shows that the energy earnings for roof sides under 20 m² are too small to legiti mate the costs. Thus such areas are set to „not suffi cient“.
ShadingShading eff ects lower the energy earning of a photovoltaic system substanti al. Therefore Geoplex computes an own shading layer for each Solar Energy Register. This layer shows the shading in the re-ference area during the year. This result enables the user to fi gure out where shading eff ects are grave and how to avoid these areas during the installati on.
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+
+
+
5. Solar potenti al going online
As a result of the solar potenti al calculati on you receive two layers:
Layer 1: Suitability
The suitability layer shows the fi nal categorized result. Beside the suitability category and the four main site-
related factors (expositi on, pitch, size and shading) the informati on installable capacity, achievable energy
earnings per year and the CO2-saving potenti al per year is questi onable. On top of this, you get the possibility
to perform a not binding economic effi ciency calculati on with an own calculator.
Layer 2: Shading
The shading layer shows the shading eff ects in the reference area over the year. In the calculati on all objects
are considered that have been detected during the Laser Scanner measurement. This result enables the user
to fi gure out where shading eff ects are grave and how to avoid these areas during the installati on.
In order to visualize the results in the internet Geoplex developed SolarWEB (see fi gure above). With Solar-
WEB it is possible to perform interacti ve queries for all roof sides regarding their solar potenti al. More over
we integrated a Solar Calculator that enables you to perform not binding economic effi ciency calculati ons.
The portal owns a simple and intuiti vely usable user surface that meets the needs of inexperienced users.
The WebGIS is fl exible in its Design. Consequently it is possible to customize SolarWEB opti cally and regar-
ding the contents in order to please the wishes of our customers. Furthermore it is possible to enhance So-
larWEB with additi onal contents at any ti me.
You can reach a demo following: htt p://www.geoplex.de/planungssysteme/solarweb.html
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Branch offi ce Halle (Westf.)Osnabrücker Str. 77a33790 Halle (Westf.)
Fon: +49 5201 85634 - 30Fax: +49 5201 85634 - 24
GEOPLEX GmbH
Corporate Headquarters Möserstraße 149074 Osnabrück
Fon: +49 541 357318 - 30Fax: +49 541 357318 - 31