soil physical properties
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Soil Physical Properties
Adam Hayes, OMAFRA
Soil Health Research
KTT Forum 2016
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Soil Function, Soil Properties and Soil Health
ORGANIC MATTER
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
BIOLOGICAL
Aggregate stability
pH Potassium Phosphorus Ca, Zn, Mg, Mn
Water infiltration
Soil compaction
Potentially mineralizable nitrogen
% Organic Matter Respiration
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
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Soil Physical Properties
• Soil texture
• Soil structure
• Aggregate stability
• Bulk density
• Available water capacity
• Soil colour
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Soil Texture
Mineral fraction:
• Stones
• Gravel
• Sand (very fine to coarse) – 0.05 to 2.0 mm
• Silt – 0.002 to 0.05 mm
• Clay - < 0.002 mm
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Soil Structure
• Physical
arrangement of
mineral and organic
particles
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Aggregate Stability
How well
aggregates resist
falling apart
when wetted and
hit by rain drops
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Bulk Density
• The mass of a certain volume of soil
• Includes solids and pores
• Sands 1.4 - 1.6 g/cm3
• Other soils 1.2 – 1.4 g/cm3
• Compacted soil up to 1.7 g/cm3
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Available Water Capacity
• The quantity of water a soil can store for
plant use
• Calculated as the difference between water
stored at field capacity and the wilting point
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Available Water Capacity
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Soil Profile
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Thanks!