jornada.nmsu.edu · soil as substrate—chemical and physical properties. 2. landscape...
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Dept. Plant & Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University
1. Soil as substrate—chemical and physical properties. 2. Landscape connections—cross-scale feedbacks. 3. Soil memory—legacy effects.
1. Soil as substrate—chemical and physical properties. 2. Landscape connections—cross-scale feedbacks 3. Soil memory—legacy effects.
DESERT PROJECT
Mountains & Hills
Piedmont Slope (Bajada)
Basin Floor
Mountains & Hills
Rio Grande Valley
Basin Floors
Mountains
& Hills
Jornada Exp. Range Headquarters
New Mexico State Univ.
Gile et al. 1981
alluvial fill
SSSA Proc. 1966
NRCS SOIL CHARACTERIZATION DATA BASE
NRCS SOIL CHARACTERIZATION DATA BASE
See papers by Duniway et al., Hennessy et al., Herbel et al.
1. Soil as substrate—chemical and physical properties. 2. Landscape connections—cross-scale feedbacks 3. Soil memory—legacy effects.
rhyolite alluvium
gypsiferous clay
quartzose eolian sand
broad scale erosion
fine scale erosion
ORGAN PEAK
SOUTH- FACING (7000 ft)
NORTH- FACING (7000 ft)
ORGAN PEAk 9000 ft
SOUTH- FACING
SOUTH- FACING
NORTH- FACING
ORGAN PEAK
Nov 2010
Oct 2011
ORGAN PEAK (5 cm) deg F
Nov 2010
Oct 2011
ORGAN PEAK, NORTH FACING
(5 cm) deg F
Nov 2010
Oct 2011
NORTH FACING (5 cm) deg F
ORGAN PEAK
April 2011
SOUTH FACING, NORTH FACING
(5 cm) deg F
Nov 2010
Oct 2011
SOUTH FACING (5 cm) deg F
Nov 2010
Oct 2011
ORGAN MTNS TEMPERATURE (ALL SITES) 5 cm
deg F
Nov 2010
Oct 2011
C Cali G Summ
C Sand
G Basn
P Coll
NPP Sites
Stellar (Ustic Calciargid)
Annual precipitation =
After Herbel et al. (1994)
Stellar (Ustic Calciargid)
Stellar (Ustic Calciargid). Run-in water excluded by metal border
Annual precipitation =
Annual precipitation =
wind
Texas
Kansas
Okalahoma
Texas
New Mexico New
Mexico
Texas
Okalahoma
Abiotic + Biotic
Abiotic + Biotic
Abiotic + Biotic
Abiotic + Biotic
Abiotic + Biotic
Abiotic + Biotic
Over Grazing
Over Grazing
1. Soil as substrate—chemical and physical properties. 2. Landscape connections—cross-scale feedbacks 3. Soil memory—legacy effects.
Soil profiles reflect bioclimatic regions
Soil profiles reflect bioclimatic regions
My memory is like scratching steel— hard to do, but once done, the scratch
remains for a long time.
—Abraham Lincoln
From Morrison ed. (1994); Imbrie et al. (1984)
GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CYCLES
How sensitive? How durable?
From Morrison ed. (1994); Imbrie et al. (1984)
Hot-dry interglacial periods
Cool-moist glacial periods 20,000 yrs ago
Las Cruces
VIEW FROM INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
Lake Estancia
Lake Otero
San Agustin
Glacial-Pluvial Lakes
Allen 2005
Lake Palomas
Columbus Las Cruces
Columbus, NM
NASA World Wind Image
Torreon
PIPE
resistant
PIPE
Soil Memory “Pedokarst”
ca. 20 ka
resistant
How sensitive? How durable?
years AD after Lamb 1977, Broecker 2001
H.C. Monger
sensitive Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
H.C. Monger
sensitive Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
NMSU
Las Cruces
North
Hwy 70
NASA World Wind Landsat 7 pseudocolor
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
NASA World Wind Landsat 7 pseudocolor
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
NASA World Wind USGS 1m digital ortho
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
NASA World Wind USGS 1m digital ortho
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
NASA World Wind USGS 1m digital ortho
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
Google Earth Image
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
Carbon isotopic memory of C4 photosynthesis
grass dune bare ground
Btk horizon
K horizon
A horizon
C4 grass C3 shrubs on dune bare
ground
-16.6 permil (81% C4)
-14.0 permil (100% C4)
-16.1 permil (76% C4)
-17.6 permil (67% C4)
Weems and Monger (2012) Ecosphere
SOIL MEMORY—A TOOL FOR UNDERSTANDING AN EXPANDING ARIDOSPHERE
1. Soil as substrate—chemical and physical properties. 2. Landscape connections—cross-scale feedbacks 3. Soil memory—legacy effects.
High Overprinting
High Overprinting Lower Overprinting
Jornada I surface (ca. 600,000 years)
Jornada I surface (ca. 120,000 years)