soft tissue injuries: cuts, scrapes and bruises open closed wounds two types of wounds
TRANSCRIPT
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Soft Tissue Injuries:Cuts, Scrapes and
Bruises
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Open Closed
Wounds
Two Types of Wounds
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Closed Wounds
Closed soft tissue injuries that do not result in broken
skin can be internal and external Example: Bruises
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How to Care for Closed Wounds
Apply direct pressure to decrease bleedingApply cold to decrease swellingMay also elevate to decrease swelling
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Closed Wounds Care Continued
Do not assume that all closed wounds are minor injuries
Take time to check if it is more seriousSerious closed wounds can be caused by
a violent force hitting the body
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Closed Wounds Care Continued
Call 9-1-1 or local emergency number if: A person complains of severe pain or cannot
move a body part without pain You think the force that caused the injury was
enough to cause serious damage An injured extremity is blue or extremely pale
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Open Wounds
Open Soft tissue injuries in which there is a break in
the skin If not treated properly can become infected
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Types of Open Wounds
Four Types of Open Wounds
Abrasions
Lacerations
Avulsions
Punctures
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Abrasions
Most commonCaused by something rubbing against the
skinLittle bleeding but usually painfulCalled:
scrape rug burn road rash
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Lacerations
Cut in the skinCommonly caused by a sharp objectCan also be caused by blunt force that
splits the skinBleeding depends on depth of cutNot always painful because nerves are
damaged
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Avulsions
Portion of the skin and other soft tissue is torn away
Violent force may tear away entire body part
Damages deep tissue which causes significant bleeding
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Punctures
A piercing of the skinUsually caused by a pointed object
Examples: Nail and Gun Shot WoundsDo not bleed much unless a blood vessel
is injuredGerms carried deep into the body
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Tetanus Severe infection caused by bacteria that produces
powerful poison in the body Enters through breaks in the skin, especially puncture
wounds. Tetanus freezes or “locks” the muscles. Prevention is a tetanus shot at least every 10 years; It is
a fatal condition.
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How to Care for an Open Wound
Clean areaApply some type of dressing Dressing include:
Occlusive – closes wound, prevents exposure to air
Bandage – any material used to wrap or cover part of the body
Stitches
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Signs of Infection
Area around wound may become: Swollen and red Feel warm or throb with pain Discharge of puss
Fever and feeling ill
Red streaks appear progressing from wound in the direction of the heart
Keep area clean if suspect infection
Seek medical attention if at home treatments do not work
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Minor Wounds Major Wounds
Use barrier between your hands and wound (disposable gloves)
Apply direct pressure to control bleeding
Wash woundApply triple-antibiotic
ointmentCover wound with
sterile bandage
Call 9-1-1Put on disposable glovesCover wound with
dressing Apply pressureAdd more bandages,
never removeMonitor ABC’sCheck for signals of
worsening condition
General Guidelines to Care for Wounds
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Objectives
The learner will be able to identify at least 3 of the 4 types of open wounds by answering number 4 on their review worksheet.
The learner will use their time effectively to take notes during the presentation of the topics during the class period.
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Section 8Pages 129-150
Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints
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There are 4 types of injuries to bone, muscles and joints.
FracturesCan be opened or closedCan be complete break, a chip or crack
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Dislocations
A movement of bone away from the normal
joint
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Sprains
A tearing of the ligaments at the joint
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Strains
Strain- stretching and tearing of muscles or tendons (The back is a common area)
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Care for Muscle, Bone and joint injuries of
Injuries:R.I.C.E
R – Rest
I- Immobilize
C- Cold
E - Elevate
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Splinting
Method of immobilization
Use only if person must be moved or transported by someone other than EMS
Splint only if you can do so without causing more pain
Splint injury in position you found it
Splint injured area and bones or joints above and below the injury
Check for circulation before and after splinting
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4 types of Splints that can be used
Anatomical Splints
Soft Splints
Rigid Splints
The Ground
Types of Splints
Soft splints The Ground
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Head, Neck and Back injuries(136/126)
Common causes:Signs and SignalsHow to care for this type of injury.
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The Regions of the Spine(127/137)
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Concussion
Signs and SignalsHow to care for someone that has a concussion