SOCIONET CRIS APPROACH

TO SUPPORT OPEN SCIENCE

ACTIVITIES

SERGEY PARINOV, SPARINOV@GMAIL.COM

CENTRAL ECONOMICS AND MATHEMATICS

INSTITUTE OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF

SCIENCES

MOSCOW, RUSSIA

INFORMATION ABOUT

THE SPEAKER

Sergey Parinov –

• Deputy Director of CEMI RAS, PhD and Doctor of Sci.

• Topics: CRIS-CERIF, Open Science e-infrastructure, research assessment information systems, new approaches to re-use research outputs, scientometrics, etc.

Central Economics and Mathematics Institute (CEMI) of RAS, www.cemi-ras.ru -

• About 200 scientists, located in Moscow, research topics includes “science as a socioeconomic system”, “Open Science”, “research information systems”, etc.

Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), www.ras.ru –

• 450 research institute and about 30000 very active scientists covers all scientific disciplines

SOME NEW TRENDS

CRISIS OF TRADITIONAL RESEARCH

OUTPUTS DISTRIBUTION AND RE-USE

In the Beall’ list of corrupt

publishers and journals are (on

15.09.2013):

•242 publishers

•126 journals

Source: http://scholarlyoa.com/2012/12/06/bealls-list-of-predatory-publishers-2013/

LOOKING FOR NEW APPROACHES

CHANGES IN PUBLISHING FOR

BETTER RE-USE

CHANGES IN A QUALITY CONTROL

OPEN SCIENCE:

RUSSIAN VIEW

Open Science is a more efficient model of research activity

for individuals, organizations and the science system at

national level based on three main pillars:

• (1) open access - advanced approaches to shape and share

research outputs with world-wide research community,

• (2) open re-use - new tools for scientists to re-use available

research outputs for producing new scientific knowledge, and

• (3) open research assessment - publicly available research

performance statistics updated daily in automated mode for

individual scientists and research organizations

TRADITIONAL SCIENCE

SYSTEM

Research funding

Research evaluation

Research assessment

Circulation and re-use of research outputs to produce new outputs

Scientists create research outputs

OPEN SCIENCE SYSTEM

Financing

Research evaluation

Open Research Assessment: public scientometrics (data on

motivations of re-use, etc.)

Open Re-Use: research outputs circulation, scientists express scientific relationships

between used research objects, notifications

Open Access: scientists register in CRIS all research artifacts that can be re-used by other scientists

Self evaluation by

scientists and

organizations

Internal organization’s motivation

mechanisms for scientists

N

a

t

i

o

n

a

l

C

R

I

S

TRADITIONAL VS.

OPEN SCIENCE

what

scientists do

create &

deposit

re-use

research

outputs

awareness

about re-use

global

cooperation

Traditional

Science

articles

by citing

available

articles,

books, etc.

few data

about citations

and its

motivations

weak

Open Science

reusable

artifacts

making

relationships

and collecting

data about

tries and fails

immediate

signals on by

whom/how the

artifacts were

re-used

a strong form

based on

notifications

about re-use

and open

scientometrics

TRADITIONAL SCIENCE

Scientists analyze artifacts and mentally make relationships

between them

Journals. articles, citations, reference

lists

Publishers

Open Science IT innovations

reading

articles artifacts

selection

Articles

To register in a

repository

smaller pieces of

research outputs

(artifacts) and

link them

semantically with

other artifacts

To express many

types of research

relationships

between

artifacts,

including

tries/fails data

and motivations

to use them

To get immediate

notifications

about using your

artifacts with

ability to react on

it

To collect

automatically

statistics,

process it and

update daily

scientometric

“portraits” of

scientists,

organizations

OPEN SCIENCE

TECHNOLOGY

CRIS-CERIF

PLATFORM

Current Research Information System (CRIS) – a model to

build a complex and interoperable research information

system at national and organizational levels

Common European Research Information Format (CERIF) – a

research data model to design CRIS and interoperability

services

euroCRIS, www.eurocris.org – a professional association

supporting CRIS-CERIF development

CEMI RAS is a member of euroCRIS

CERIF

Source: http://www.eurocris.org/Index.php?page=CERIFreleases&t=1

SOCIONET.RU CRIS

DRIVEN BY SCIENTIFIC

COMMUNITY

• Collecting stats data and building scientometrics

• Tracing all changes and sending notifications

• Harvested from RePEc, CitEc and Socionet Personal Zone

• Harvested from RePEc, IR, RIS, CRIS and Socionet Personal Zone

Research objects

≈ 2m

Semantic linkages

≈ 6m

Statistics, indicators

Monitoring, notification

INFORMATION OBJECTS

AT SOCIONET

Organization

Total number of linkages (ingoing,

outgoing), statistics,

other properties of related objects

Authors

Aggregated number of linkages (ingoing,

outgoing)

Aggregated statistics (downloads, views)

Research outputs

citations / references

downloads / views

OPEN ACCESS BY

SOCIONET

Starting in 2000 Socionet provides for individual researchers and organizations many different tools:

• To deposit single materials of all traditional types: personal-organizational profiles, papers, articles, chapters, books, etc.

• To register new types of research outputs: citations, research artifacts (nano-publications)

• To make semantic linkages between objects for expressing research relationships between them

• To manage collections of materials, incl. in a form of institutional repositories (IR)

• To provide all collected metadata for its harvesting by OAI-PMH protocol in CERIF format, and many other.

RUSSIAN OPEN ACCESS

REPOSITORIES AT ROAR

OPEN RE-USE:

A SOCIONET APPROACH

Scientists use research outputs when they

mentally manipulate with it to discover

relationships and, if positive, thereby they re-use it

to produce a new scientific knowledge

Some of these relationships become visible in

scientists’ articles (e.g. by citations). Most of them

are directly not observable and may exist in a

mental form only

The Socionet provides tools to express explicitly

research relationships that allow a collecting of

statistics about scientists’ “tries and failures” and

about their motivations to re-use research outputs

OBVIOUS USE CASES:

{PERSON, ORGANIZATION,

OUTPUT, ETC.}

"person" "organization“ ("employee", "head", "member", "director", etc.)

"person" "person“ ("manager", "supervisor", "mentor", etc.)

"person" "research output / project“ ("author", "editor", "reviewer", "translator", etc.)

"organization" "research output“ ("intellectual property rights claim", "publisher", "organizational author", etc.)

Linkage:

a position

Project

OrgUnit

Output

Person

USE CASES OF A NEW

RESEARCH PRACTICE: {PERSON,

OUTPUT, ETC.}

Inference ("obtain background from", "updates", "used as evidence", "confirms", "qualifies")

Impact/usage ("contains assertion from", "uses data from", "uses method from", "corrects", "refutes")

Hierarchical and associative ("broader", "narrower", "related", "alternative to")

Components of scientific composition ("duplicate", "revised", etc)

Usage proposal (“can improve”, “can illustrate”, “can replace”, etc)

Linkage:

Relationship 1

Author 1

Output 2

Author 2

Output 1

CHALLENGES: A NEW

RESEARCH PRACTICE

When authors register their RO as ready for use research artifacts they have to

• specify which RO they used as roots/basements, etc. for their outputs (backward links, e.g. citations)

• specify materials/scientist where/by whom the output could be used/reviewed (forward links to possible users)

Any researcher can express relationships (by semantic linkages) between any available RO

Authors of linked materials receive a notification about created links, and

• they can protest on or confirm with how the materials were used

• they can use suggested artifacts and link it with their materials, or can review it, or can ignore it

CHALLENGES: A NEW

RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

• receive immediate signals

about which created RO,

how and by whom were

used

• request on using or

reviewing own RO by

linking it with other RO or

scientists’ profiles

• protest against usage

characteristics and/or

provide comments on it, or

do nothing

• ban requests from some

authors, or specify

personal reviewing rate, or

rewrite own artifacts by

using/citing suggested

artifacts

A cooperation between researchers becomes stronger

with better and faster coordination of individual activities

OPEN RESEARCH ASSESSMENT:

A SOCIONET APPROACH

The Socionet system in everyday mode traces changes

in research objects and linkages, collects statistics and

produces scientometric data

We provide an open access to basic research

assessment data that improves the Science system

mechanisms (competition, reputation, selection,

cooperation, etc.)

It opens better conditions for self evaluation among

scientists and organizations

Organizations can use it to improve internal

motivations and stimulations for its researchers

EXTENDED RESEARCH ASSESSMENT

DATA

Automatic daily gathering

and updating of scientometric

“portraits” of a scientist, a

department and an

organization

Quantitative indicators

• Numbers of created/used artifacts

and relationships

Qualitative indicators

• Statistical distributions (how

scientists, laboratory, organization

used research artifacts and how

the community used their research

outputs)

NEW TOPICS FOR RESEARCH

ASSESSMENT

Metrics

Researcher

Scientific inference

metrics (obtain

background from,

updates, used as

evidence, confirms,

qualifies)

Research usage

metrics (contains

assertion from,

uses data from,

uses method from,

corrects, refutes)

Hierarchical and

associative metrics

(broader, narrower,

related, alternative

to)

Professional

opinion metrics

(responds

negatively to,

responds positively

to, responds

neutrally to)

Researcher’s

portrait by

outgoing

linkages

Which RO a

researcher

used as a

basement for

own RO

What RO a

researcher

used to

produce own

RO

How a

researcher

impacts on

science

corpus

What RO a

researcher

evaluated and

how

Researcher’s

portrait by

ingoing

linkages

Who/where/

how used

researcher’s

RO as a

basement

Who/where/

how used

researcher’s

RO to

produce RO

How

researcher’s

RO are

assigned with

science

corpus

What/whom

researcher’s

RO are

evaluated and

how

CONCLUSION: OPEN SCIENCE

FOR RESEARCHERS

A research output gets a network form, researchers can work in incremental style

A researcher works within strong professional cooperation network

A public statistical portrait of a research output, a researcher, an organization becomes availabe

• views/downloads data

• ingoing/outgoing linkages

• a distribution of qualitative characteristics assigned with linkages

Researchers become more public figures

CONCLUSION: OPEN SCIENCE

BUSINESS MODEL

Our model of the Open Science activity is based on:

1.open access to research outputs/artifacts, and we propose a way to overcome defects of commercial publishers and journals

2.open access to research outputs/artifacts usage data, and we provide a way how to make visual such data and collect it in a computer-readable form

3.open access to basic research assessment data, and we enforce the Science system mechanisms

Three types of openness create Open Science as a new research practice based on new scientific communications

RELEVANT AUTHOR’S ARTICLES

Parinov S., Kogalovsky M. Semantic Linkages in Research Information Systems as a New Data Source for Scientometric Studies //Scientometrics. Springer Online First, 2013. DOI 10.1007/s11192-013-1108-3, http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h=repec:rus:mqijxk:31&l=en

Parinov S. Open Repository of Semantic Linkages. In: Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems e-Infrastructure for Research and Innovations (CRIS 2012), Prague, 2012. http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h=repec:rus:mqijxk:29&l=en

Parinov S. Towards a Semantic Segment of a Research e-Infrastructure: necessary information objects, tools and services. Metadata and Semantics Research, Communications in Computer and Information Science. J. M. Dodero, M. Palomo-Duarte, P. Karampiperis, Eds. Springer, vol. 343, 2012, pp. 133-145. http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h= RePEc:rus:mqijxk:30&l=en

Parinov S. The electronic library: using technology to measure and support Open Science. In: Proceedings of the World Library and Information Congress: 76th IFLA General Conference and Assembly, Gothenburg, Sweden, August 10-15, 2010. http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/papers/ifla76/155-parinov-en.pdf

Parinov S. CRIS driven by research community: benefits and perspectives. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems. (2–5th June, pp. 119–130). Aalborg University, Denmark. 2010. http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h=repec:rus:mqijxk:23&l=en