sociological or situational approach
TRANSCRIPT
WHY DO PEOPLE ENTER DIFFERENT
OCCUPATIONS?
The problem in explaining this can be approached
in different perspectives and each of these
perspectives by the very nature of the discipline
from which it derives, excludes from consideration
some important variables which may affect
occupational choice and selection. For this reason,
representatives from various disciplines have
collaborated in the development of a more
inclusive conceptual framework
BLAU-GUSTAD-JESSOR-PARNES-WILCOX (1956)
SOCIOLOGICAL OR
SITUATIONAL APPROACH
Nature
Biological Nurture
Situational Choice
Selection
PETER MICHAEL, BLAU1918-2002- From Vienna Austria
- Secular Jew
- University of
Chicago
- His entire family had
been killed in 1942
- Sociologist
RICHARD JESSOR
• Psychologist
• University of Colorado
HERBERT S. PARNES
1919-2006• Social Scientist
• Economist
• Ohio State University
RICHARD C. WILCOCK• Economist
• Institute of Labor and Industrial
Relations, University of Illinois
JOHN W. GUSTAD• Psychologist
• University of Maryland
The process of choice and process
of selection is a synthesis of the
effects of one’s biological traits,
social institutions/structures,
environment and economic status
on career choice and development
Determinants Of Occupational
Choice And Development
• Psychological – mental ability
• Physiological – ones physic
• Economic – financial matters
• Sociological determinants
How Choices are Made
• Biologically determined: Individual
characteristics that are responsible for
choice
• Socially Conditioned: through family
influences, social position and relations
and developed social-role
characteristics.
PROCESS OF SELECTION
• Socially Related Influences
• Physical conditions
- resources - limited/abundant
- topography - rich-flat land/mountainous
- climate - dry/wet/cold/hot
OTHER BASIC ASSUMPTIONS
• A social structure exists that imparts
patterns of activities, identification with
models, and aspirations among various
social groups;
• Career development is a continuous
process; and
• Situational conditions also exert
influences on career – development
patterns.
CONCLUSION
• There are innate unique abilities and traits
of every individual that can be developed
through experiences.
• Biologically determined traits can be
enhanced or deteriorate depending on how
an individual reacts in his surroundings.
• One’s NATURE can be NURTURED or
forgotten.
• This model is effective for clarifying
situational elements in the career
development process.
• Career choice is seen as a series
of interrelated decisions involving
the individual’s biological
endowment, social milieu, and
environmental conditions.