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ISBN:71-8986-51-0

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I

The Socioeconomic FeasibilityStudy of a

Gluster-Barangay MRFSystem inBarangaysPalingon, Lingga, & Sampiruhan,

Calamba City, Province of Laguna,Philippines

Public Prlvate ectorsonv6rgenceorSolidWasto o.GovEmancenUrban oorCommunities

IPPPUE.SWMIrojoclPHI/0ZG58



Foreword

a)u)ca

TmplemetrtitrghePPPUE-SWMrojects aHerculeanask, t aims oputup the irst-everrfuliy

ftnctional oluster-barangayaterialsRecoveryFacility (MRF),ald ostablish he

ftst fomal public-privatepartne$hipon solid wastemaoagement. he project vas

launched n August 2002 in three urban poor barangaysn CalambaCity, narnely,

Barengays alingoqLingga"and Sampiruhan. ollectively,hey are knownaspaliSam,whichcoincidentallyts rootwordpalrj means o leanupcompletgly,

Close o theproject inale,March2004,w€ aren€ar o completingwhatwe havecorunitted

to deliver,We areable o facilitat€ he olustering f threebarangayso cooperateor the

esiablishmentf a single MRF. We arealsoable o comeup with a modelon how the

govemment,l this case he t[ee barangays,anunitewith theprivateseoiorn addressing

a socialproblem,such as solidwaste. n this project,pdvatesector efers o all entities



outsidethe gov€mmenla .g., business,nongovemmentalnd people'sotganiza

women'sgrcup,eto.

Thisfeasibil i tystudy}vasthebasisofthePalisam,spublic-privatepart

wasaproductof more hanayearof consultations'eetingsndjoint studieswith the

residents. o date,a nonstock onprofitcorporation alledPaLiSamCommunityM

Ircorporsted is oflicially r€gisteredo l€galizehepublic andprivat€seotors olverg

in CalambaCify. Thecorporalion rimaily aims o provideecologicalwastgmanag

system or lhe threebarangaysndplow backt'o the community he proceedsro

operationsn the ormof publicservioes'uohas'medicol'ivelihoodandschoolassis

it is ho;edthatdroughthisstudy,oth€rbarangays ill beable o putup tunctional l

barangayMRFs n compliance ith theRA 9003otherwisenow! as lre

Eoologica

wasteManagementActof2000'',sndatthesamgtimeelhanc€public-priva

andcommunity nterprise.



Preface

B)t)C€

BAcKcRoUND,

T he concept or tlis study firsl emeBedafttr the approvalof tbe ljnpleme ing Rulesalrdr Regulations f RA 9OO3n Dec€mber 001. Particuladyon ib provisionsencouraginghe

clusteringof bamngayso put up MRFSandprivates€ctor'sparticipationo addrss solidwast€

conc€ms.As therewas no modelon howthesecan b€ done, he Dep$trnentdeveloped project

proposalhstwould comeup with a hodel on how twoor morcbs.rangaysan cooperatendhowthcy oer enter nto oint venture ith thehprivatesectoroounterpart.Thusdrc birth of the Public

and Privale S€ctoftConvcrgenoeor Solid WasteCo_Sovernanoen urban poor oommuniti€s

IPPPUE-SWMI roject ! August2002 hotspe$headedhe conduct ftbis feasibilitystudy

CoNrRsuroRs

A t€arnof.xp€rts conductedhe study:A. Allan Poncr, c.m leader,Dr. Ma. LourdesRebullids'

consultantor sooialoompon€n! ndMr, BgrtGuevara, onsultartor teahnical specl.



ThePrcicct ManegemertOfficeprovided heovemll supervision ndres€arch: lb€rt Mtga@

Arlere deVera GildaYurtas,JuviniaS€rdfr\ AlbenoP€cho, ndRebecoa illaiueva'

Mr. Joey Sta.Ana, a codsultantrofl anothersolid wastemanagementrojectof th€ NSW

Secretarial,elp€d hePMO n conduclinghewaste hamcterizationurvey.

The Project Trsk Force, a groupcomposed nly of localpaxln€rs, pearheadedhe comm

coosultations.alidatioDsndcoordination:

Ba$ngayPalingon:Capt.NarcisoGillaco,Luis Mirand4andJerryGotengco

Barangayingga:Capt.Erlsn Retusto, icalor Paner, ndJoelTsfiala

Barongsy arnpiruhan:apt JirDmyrpez, EmadiBaldonado, ndRemedios avid

city Govemlltent:Mayor Seleriio Lajsr4 Coun.RamilHemandez,oidaHumarangRubyAre

and ulie atip

OInc€ oflhe Congr€ssionaltepr€sedative,d Disnid ofI-aguin: Cong!€ssmanoaquin

Chipeco,.tr.,Mario Marcial snd FloretrtinoSarfos

Pugad awiD calamba: oseAlihan

SPoNSoRS

The Urtted NttloG Developmetrt mgmmE€ lManila]andPublie-P.lvot Plrtnershlpsfor

Urbrn ErvlroDment Bangkok]supporf€dhe Depar[nentn carying out aprocess-oriente

to co$e up with the PhilippinePublicPdvatePartnenhipmodel:AmeliaDulce Sup€tran,

Manal Moriio FraDciscr, ndTsutomuNishimura



Acknowledsment

e)tDC€

\^/rewish to acknowledgehe persons, roups,and insritutjonswho at c€rhin points n the

developrdentfthis easibilitytudy ontributedheir deas,imealld esources.

ThegoodpeopleofBarangaysPalingon, ingga,andSampiruhan hopatientlyparricipaiedn our

seriesof oonsoltationsnd validations,particularly, he members f the BarangaySolid Waste

Managementofimittees,Solid WasteManage6ent urckcoordinators, embers fthe bar&ngEy

councilsand targerrridng (dbaraar, unkshopownerc, 'lrd olidwaste ollectors,

We would like also io extend ou. deepest ppreciationo the nongove.dm€nblnd people's

organizationsn dreprojeotsite hat haveunselfishly horedwith us theif experiences,nd views,

Their oouragen voicingout th.ir opinionson bow hisMRFprcjectshouldbe an n palisam K€pr

the PMOgluedo theb€st nterest fthe conununity.

TbeProJect rnsgementOmco



CHAPTER

CHAPTER

CHAPTER

CHAPTER

CHAPTER

CHAITER

CHAITER

CHAPTER

CHA?TER

CMPTER0

CoNrsNrscaa)g)

Executive ummary

PRoJEcrBAcKcRot ,ID& STLDIFRALGWoRK,

TIrsPnoncr ocr.noN,5

TfrE RoPosEDRFSvsrau, 4

Pwsrc,rr .lcnrv, .55

Onc,Ll,rzartotnlet, dy'

CAPAcrry EvELopMENytm, 7 7

Co.co'TiTRNANcECo-MANAcrlcNrNu,r,lces,84

Il,nmrsNunoN curouLe,4

FrNANcrAr,coNoMrc,SocroEcolocrcAlN,Lt_vsrs,Z

corclusiou,1 /0



t.xecullvebummary

a)F)c€

DESCRIPTION

tTrhe proposed 'usler-ba$ngayMRF system hall be refe edto as he Palisam ommunityMRF, In_I corporated.t shallbe a sustainableystem f managinghe solidwaste f Barangaysalingon,

Lingga,andSampinrhann CalambaCity, It aims o transformmunicipalwastesnto useable ndmarket-

able esourceshile effectivelycontibuting !o theoverallprocess f reducingpollution,conserving n_

ergy,creatingobsandbusiness pportunities,uilding competitivemanufacturingndustries,mproving

theh€althoonditions fthe community, nddefieasinghe ocalgovemment'sveralldisposal eeds nd

expenses.

LocATION

The MR.Fshall be ocatedn Barangay alingon,CslambsCity.The servicearea s Barsngays alingon,

Lingga,andSampiflihan.

ts)i



srARr-uPpArr

rbep.risamcomEunitv*'."":Tj,T;J#'ffjJ,TJJl-'"2004.Bythat ime' he i-barangayseeFgaD(,$$".ffiH,:i*l'ffiffi:Tin":fill'llfi:

STAKEHOLDERS

1"fr?ffiStilfrffi::lJH;:"*''so*Linss&ardsa"'p

: tr:'#,:1ffi#:#il11"'**i""ro"quiochipeoo'rr"2dcons'essi

. frffT"1""'c*t-os [$ecalaobaty ohspterf nstiolalonstoolqonprolittgsoiz

-

""i* "to*"*t*rsonsand ntsepreneursl

( '

CowoNENTS

ThcproposedolisaoCo$EunityMRF'ncorporatedhall aveourEajo!operationalomp

t r€duotior/s€gr€Etiontsoulc€

. catlection ndbansport

. reooYoryndPtooesgmg

. matketing ndsales

B) ii



Ofer'tlontlFloucft.n

Housoholds,oi lEdel

Bbbqshmenbot$r lmttltto|B

E€gFlatonlSouma



Cdnrunltyold

contofl€d,Eartbrylai(nl



A ) v



I

Pt{YSlcAL Actr-lrY

the rtraiapbysioal acility is a oncstor€ysltucture lnt shellhouse h€maintippingfloor' rcc

stotrgeareas, ohpostioganil curing oom'rcsidualholdingohambers'swell 8s te adminish

*r*lriog om"u" of$" palisam ommunityMRF'Inoorpontsd'

TheMRF s a one-stoley uildingdesignedmodularlyAdditionalvrorkspaceanbeeasilyoons

theneedariscsandasthebudg€tallowsitAtthesto4theMRFshallconsistoftlree[3]m

"""i."*"0*rr""fol lowingsize:3.60.E.widthx6.00-6:l€ngth,andaheightofst le$tcrs.

Thebarangay ovemnlent fPalingoi' though its Barangayhairperso&has DadevoilablQs

"if-i "oft, "f,"*,160sqm',sdjacento themai! road' o serv€as h€siteofthe MRF'

Sch.ndcloorPl.nh



ThePalisanCommunityMRF, Incorporatedhallbe orga,rized nd registercd sa nonstock, onprofit

corporationit i a corporateile of50 yea6.

Hbe cdbmftv*RF lidxDdtld

PROJEC]TASKORCE



It shall equirehe ollovr'ing umberand lpes of personnel t stafi_up'

gtrd.upStafio! R€quhlm6nt



Fr\A\"crALANALYSEs

Tle inv€stmentequirenenlof t|€ proposed alisamCommunityMRF,PhP3,482,800, rokeD ownas otlows:

Incorporatedascomputed

' RegistrationrldConstruflionosts' AcquisitionfEqBiprnent,umiture Fixtures _

. OperdringapiEllfirstsixmonrhsl

PhP ,580,000830,400

1,072,200

The ashflownalysisndicatesiat witl apositive ndingash alancell hroughouthe irst ivefarsfoperation,heparisamcomftunityMRF, ncorporatedsapfofitabre,usl.ainabre,nd iable nder.uk_ing.

TheProjectedashflow tatemeftndicateslsohe bllowing;

r' Paybackeriod. hepaybackeriodsa littleover iveyears. n thesixth earofits operarons,hePaiisarnomrnunig/ RF, ncorporatedscomputedohave aidbackb originar'vesmen! rstart.upcapitat.

2. Serviceee.Asamechanismo generatedditionalorking apital nd onake heCoryoralionessoepenoentnextemal ssistanca,heprojectTaskForce swellas heconmunitynemoengreeaoIely on each articipalingouseholdncphpr forhousehordsndphp5for nstitut;or;ss]

ionswithin heservice reaa dairyseryiceeeof

From hehousehoidsloDe, totalofphpfiveyea$.

E4-millionsexpectedobecollecteduringheperiod f

&) ix



with the se.vice ee sohemen plac€,no additionalcapital nftsion or exterDalinancialassidal

wouldbe requi&ddudng he irst fivey€lJsofopemtionoftle Enterprise

3. Sates,Duritlg theperiod2004-2OOE.h€Corporahons anticipatedu genemte grosscashsales

PhP6.4-mi1lionromcoBpostand actory etunablesaloneand n tbepiocess'gensrate modest

verypleashgDetoperalingncometomssl€sof PliP1'7_million'

EcoNo}\.flcAllAlYsEs

Th€ mostevialentocio€conomiompactofthe Palisam ommunityMRF, ncotporat€ds uPon he oc

economy specially n the mor:bundradeandcoornerrialartivitieswithinthe hre€balangays'

TheCorporationwill begenerating totalof 16 newobs in theareaeaminga totalof PhPT'g-millio

salari€s vera period of five yea$. Thismeanshat on the average, tot41of PhPl l-million in tax

alonewill bePaid,Theoperations f the MRFwill begenerdling totatofPh!6'?-million in Purohases'altents! aadi

and he like overaperiodof five yea$.In theprocess' numberofupsheon anddownsheamusin

andeconomic otivities,e.g.,sari-saristore,applianc€ ales,ecreationalpending' onst'tuction's e

peotedo bestimulated

SocroEcoloclcAr ANAI-YsEs

The study ndicateshatthe MR-Fwouldbe handling,and herefore ivertingaway tom the landfill'

averagef 34.6 onsof solidwaste namonthly asisThis s about 3%ofth€ totalcoll€ctionft

City ENRO, n monetaryerms,his reductions equaltoPhPs2-thousdndn teffis ofthe monttllybud



c;t'' Nno nahp+o-

.1. PalisamMRF is alsohighlyelficjent n theutilizationofthe investmentontribulions. vera Deriodf fi\'eyears,hePalisam RFwouldbehandringlmost 20,tonsfsoridwaste. his tuslateso onrvhP'{.24nvestmentostper ilogramfsoiidwajrc.

we arc o assumehat hePalisamMRF \,vould econtributoryo the reduction fone caseeachofden_

&) xi

ll dreC t)' ENROand PhP40-thousandn lermsofthe totalmonthlypa)mentofthe City Governmenro_:_,3S\\ contr-actor.



Chapte.PRoJEcr BACKGRoUND STLDYFRAMEWoRK

s)&)c€

or her irstofficial ctas he14'PresidentfthePhilippine epublic,loriaMacapagal-Arroyo,n26Janusry 00 , signed nto law RepublicAct 9003or the EcologicalSolid WasteMamgementAct of

Thepioneeringegislation alls or the establishmentfa syst€matic,otuprehensive,ndecologi-solidwastemanagementrogramo addresshe criticalsituation fsolid wastc n the country.

saidprogram hall ake nto consid€rationhe social,economic,echnologioal,olitical,andadrninis-ivedimensionsfthe country'solidwaste roblem.hesocial ifiension fsolidwastemanagementls for the minimizationofwastegenerationiom the source.The economic imeflsion egardswaste

s an entepreneurial ctivity.The eohnolorydimension romotes ffordable, ppropriate, ndvhonmentally-friendlyastedisposal ystems. uttingacrosshese hreedimgnsionst€ hepolicy rn.ratives ndadminiltrativeequirementslthe nationwid€asteminimization,ecyoling,td disposal

Actr underscoresncemore he rnportantatk that hebarangayocalgovcmmenl Dits lay n ensur-the success f implementing ny nationalsocioeconomicevelopmentrogram articularlywherc t

mosl- at the communityevel. The bamrgayocalgovernment nits, n parhershipwith keyT,munitvmembers, re expectedo be at the forefrontof rolid wastecollection,segregation,nd re-

ftrlcling activities. s the ocalpointofthe barangay asiemanagementrog|am, Materials e-

r =r docunenl RepublicAct 9003shallb€ interchan8eablyefered to by ils for,nal ille of EcologicslSolidr= \r3?€!r,xrt Act of2000,asRA 9003,or simplyas heAct.

& ) l

I



coveryFacility MRF] sha[ be establishedsmandated y theAct in everybarangay r clusterofbagaysofthe couniry.

In its contiruing efrodto upgrode h€ envfuonrnentalndnstural esourceslannirlgandmanagemepacitiesof localgovernmentmcials asw€ll askey communitymembers,speciallyn implementinrel€vantprovisions fthe new Act, theDepartrnent fNatural ResourcesndDevelopientdevelopeput into playa short-termechdcal sssistanceackage. hrcugh he NationalSolidWasteManageCor0mission,henationalagsDcy rincipally askedwith overseeinghe implementation ndenha[thepolicyenvironrnent f RepublicAct 9003, hepackageeekso improve he capabilities f localg

€rDm€nt flcials aswell asoommutitymembe.s, referentiallytom urban-poor arangays,n desigands€aitrg p a cluster-barangayRF.'

PRoJECTrlE

Chosen o be thepilot site for this technicalassistenceackage re hrce contiguous $deconomicchallenged orangaysn Calarnba ity. The city is descripttue f sny hajor city in thecountry,.e.,a midly modernizing newidr signsofsocio€conomic isparities lldpolaritigi,and besetwithproblemsociat€dwithpopulation nd spatialcongestior\ articularlyhatofan ineflicientsolidwastemanageEystem.

Thc threepilot barangays re Barangays alingon,Lingga,and Ssmpiruhan.he baranga,s re oc

along he horesof Laguna e Ba'i.

z Prior o thft, the most ecentoapacity-buildingrojcct oousing n looslgoverrnnentfiicials wrs theLac€vilolllnentPhnningand ttanrgemcnrProj.ct ILEPM Projcct]. nitirte-d n 1998wifl fundin8assistanc.ron UnitedNitioDsDev€loprnentrogranmeUNDP],dl€ Projert w!3piloted n dle cities of Lips, Tagbila$fl,andgalm dc Oro. Dudry dl€ courseof implementatioqt boemo grar€lyevidenthat lo.al govcrnmentnitswon€edall tlc h.lp d|.y can8et in ffndilg s sultainable olutidr to th€ !€€minglyuncontrollable bblernof swaste.Thb capacity-buildingoedwa! all the ftorc highlightcd urinS h€pr€pantionof the rnplen€DtingRand Regulatioff IRR] olRA 9003 hst Etdted n July2000snd n whioh he LEPM Projec!plsy€d majorpa

th€Finciprl nsourceconduitofUNDP rid anddle dat bankofvalrlable rsidts andexpc.i€nccn localgovemandcqErnuity-lerll policyandop.ratior8l dynanicr,

8)2



.ocatirlgheproject n CdambaCity is based n he o'lowineselectio!criteriar:

Annex 3, IINDP ProjecrDocument f rhe DENR-implemenledublic andpdvareSecrorsConvergenc€orCo-govenunc€nUrban oorCommuniliespppUE-SWM]rcject, HI/02/O5S

F ) 3

Crlamba_Citysa rapidlyurbanizing itywith a bd.geo[ingproblem n Bolidwrste.Thecity shost o 4,1?9 oc€lard intemationalmanufsctu.ing ndcornmercial stablishmenlsswell assix in-dustrial arks, everal€sof acilitiesrrd a number fhigh-end ousingubdivisions.ts2002 otalrevenuefPhP593.8 illion, n mpressive0% ncreaserom2OOlevenueigur€,ivalshatofth€leadingcitiesof MetroManila.Throught all, a s€rious oncems ih solid w6ste

ituation.TheCityEnvironmentndNaturai esourcesffice city ENRO]sonlyable oservice 2outofthe54 otalbaradgaysfthe ciry,Within hisservice rea,hecitygovemment anageso collect nly?8%offr€ total solid wastegenerated.he collected olid wastesare disposed f in a contractor-op€raEocontrolled_dlmpsiteocatedn the neighboringmunicipalityof Cabuyao.The cjty's two prewousdumpsitesave eeDlosed ue o overfilling.

CahmbeCity'senvironmentalondltions svern impscton thebigger stioorl ecosystem.artof Lagunade Ba'i, the country'sbiggest akeand reshwater ource,s iocated n CalambaCity.Twomajor iversystemsflhe citydraindirectlyo the ake.The ake, n heother and. rainshrouehPaiigRiverand henceo ManilaBay.

Theprojectstak€holderssvemade le{r their conmitmentso thesucc€ssfulnplementrtion

of theproj€ct. The concemedtakehoidersaveput nto*Titing their comrnitnentso tle design ndoperationaltccess f theproposedndertaking.

Crlrmb3 City's proximi8 to the olficeot the NadonrtSolldWesleMonrgement oDDlssiotr!!d oth€r concenednational nd Inter[alionrldevelopmentgenci€s,einga pilot project,twould bepractical or theproject o b€ ocated ear heMetroManilo areawhere.6; conc€meda,tionalagencies jld officesare ocat€d.Thh setup facilitateshe conductof regularmonitoringandevaluationxercisesswellasensurcshemoreeffective perationalollaborationmong ndbe"tween he mplementationartners.



PRoJEcrDESCRJPTIoN

l*;*,;+;;1,ro't*]n$gp,g+:-ugl,i,+*fi*flT"Tf"3#"lflifhsTuDYMEcHANlcs

fl"*:i:xf;iiffff"'ffi1T*fa[Tf;:::l,1"':"fix;afeasib'itvstudvo,'the

:ltTilT#:ilx'"Tffi"ifi,fi:H.xl*Hni::"::''fiJJ:llliTTiiqlJijif".f.$i;:il#i{;":ilfirHJfiliil***=r'll*nujt"d.

ffiTrli:*illl.",iil;fi;,ih'fi'"'iff::::T*::'j*i"J:ff'#tiesandoperationalpportun$Fs'

Specifioally'hestudyprovidedobjective nsve$to the ollowing:

b. Wilttheprototype lusterMRFwork?

Howwill it work?

What sneeded?

8 ) 4



Howmuch ovestnent s required?S'ha1will ihe retumsbe?

lae conduct fthe studywasdone n ahighlyparticipatorymanner rd ageeably o thegenemlermsafid:ondilionsfthe PPPUE-SWM.oject ocument,swellas heapplicablerovisionsfthe Ecological

lid WasteManagement ct of2000.ihe conduct fthe feasibilitystudywas heresponsibility fa St dyTeamcomposed fthe follor,ving:

A. Allan Ponce Team eaderandprincipalwriterConsultant social esponsibility ndprepaEtionConsultanl technical ssessment,esign ndeconomicsoundness,ndbusin€ss lanning

a"LourdesG. Reballida,DPARobertoB. Guevara

TheNationalSolid Wastre anagementommissionNSWMC] hrough ti projectManagernent fficeextended ppropriatedministrative,esearchndalata-garheringupporto the StudyTean.

Jhe StudyTeamwasunder he directadministrativendoperationalupervision ndcontrolofMr, Albert

ft*ill"*1;ij"H;$ft:fiFffll"1li";'ft:Jifi'!"iif"'-di*'Ti;:

Th

BAsIcDESICNoNsDER-ATIoNs

e design ftheproposedR.F hail dbereo he ollowing rinciptes:a

Resource ommltmenti. ll institutionalnd ndividual aft0ersfth€proposedRFmust ommitresouroesfinancial,human, apital] o thejoint undertaking,

co-mlnagen€ntI Co-govehaDce.he bterestsf all majorstakeholdershallbe eflecledn thefinaldesign lthe project. pecial onsiderationhaltbedirected t m€€tingheneeds fthepoor.Theactive articipationfthestakeholdersn all oftheproject rccesseshali 9soughtarticularlyat strategicmplementationointso maximizehe acceptabilityndsustainabilityfthe proposedn.

A&pten ffofl A/bhc-PttvotePa,lne.shlp!or the Atban Envtnmient: O/rorr ard rss,respppuE WorkingSe;ies,Vol. L E|;zrbc$Bernefl,Peterfilllnann, & Bnd Centry. ,NDpr'Newyortq 1999



II

denaring.ransparencynrhe asicea$res{iheproror}peRF frame*"rLo, -d"*""tth

#ltm"*g*i*#tre',Fsr*lwgg*tro**$

*g*g*nt******'l,**n'*li*'",,,l,,:t';,rri{rf

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Frorisionsarld heuseof eco-efficient€cbnologieshallbea comerston€rcc€pt fthe proposedro-d-

LEGAT, RArewoRK

eproposedrojed s consisrenrirh ie diredive fRepublicAct 003, pecilicallyection 2 ofthewhichstateshat: Thercshallbeeshbtished MaterialsRecovery acifiiy o

"n"ibulangay

. "ro.-. of barangays...thqt] shall cceivemixedwa:te for final sorting,s"g""guioq"o;portingl

;a .oy_liing."

nris dircctivesprirnarilydirected tbamngayocalgovemrieot lii.

Act 7160,or the LocalcovemmentCode,deyolvedheresFlonsibilityo. the solidwasledis-

*'ilfflrT'5ff1$iH,"l1ffii:;:i":::.*:-r.'*'av

RFrehap€dnderim-

Comrnorwealth ct 383,which punishesh€ dumpingntoriv€rsofrefuse,wastewa@rt suDstances

:H,T:|n}fl'il:Lt#ffi:ii'Ti'"?fior farlinenofnver"as'he iockin!f he oursefa

!;nr.l*1l,n::::e82s,whlch €nalizeshemploperisposalfgarbaselinerins] nd therorms

lT:]1"jjf13-*"T:-Ltl2,or hephilippineEnvircnmentode,which rovidesorqualitymurage-

m€nls@noatosot ar alrdwater,and rsemanigement,atural csourcesmanagementndoonserva_tion,andenforcementndguidelinesor wastemanagemenr.

3g-P.1]lT:-ll9,e68,or rheCorporatiorodef hephitippines,which rovidesor he egis_

ratronard regutatory &ametersf all privalecorporationsn$e country.

RepublicAct 3931,or thePollutiodControtLaw, which prohibitsandpenalizeshethrowng, run"ning. raining r dispositionntoanyofthe water nd/or gnosphericir;f6e county!anyma[erorsuDsuncengaseousr iquid bfm hatshall ause oliulion fsuchwatersr annospheriiir.

8 )7

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H$I'l$,:{{.xl'it'l;l#'H'"'*fff

'*#;Jf#$n**ro*3H

mffirum*tm'n*#*f.g*A'***u*

ry*g'f mmin"Ji'ii'i'"'i'i'u,"*'a"'"""o*8)E



itH:,i;;i'rT#i$"ri*jitf:3frEtti,-'lffirt*#,frctiviti$are*rti"iij fr.tln3"q

utely andadequateanneto ttt" *t. .pr"*"a liplJ

;;'il:;ff ;#tffi:Ti1?J:f ?tJ:[:rS1#".,#i.nH:,SffJT#,lf

KapasiyEban ilang752.TaoD1S97.Laeuna.pro-vincialrdinance ar caljs or the properhandLjng

fr: ffi,i:L:i.ffi,l"wasresfromothubricDdrivareospirats.rid"i."ai*]io"*"a..

propoled Local fnvironment Code of Calarlba_C-ity.wbich.inlends to integrale,harmorize, and id_:##A:l "iiJ"':;?Tf,'"o*'"eurution'"tut'd

10heproricction."r?*lir"". ',iil"*, -o

ff:ifrt";s;fl;il,"J1:"carendmaintenarc€fdrainaseanarsswelas hedisposirionnd

;a fr"#i"J,H*ffidBaransavsPalinsorlingss"nd ampiruhannhousehotdasreegre-

'hedesign nd mplemenEtioDfthe DroDosedlusrer-barangayMR-Fn Barangaysalingon,Linggaard

Tfi#f, ;'J:,#ll*i'*"i":::?':"::l^Tj- tocd u6tt"na

rivareffi"i"i'i'1?org"ni,ationsrking n s participatory*o *or"nruui aurin

*'e 'lwq' Puvrr!aro PnYaEage'!cies nd organizer toensurehesuccessfthis pioneering ndeavor,

MANAoEMENT IFIcE

PRoJECTRopoNElrTs

B)9

eading he implemenhtion theDepafimefltrofl]I1lm.I:and *"!"*f Resouroeshrough he

:ll[ ;T*ff ',ii5gi"y,?:-Ti::X*S.s*,m*,",J".ir,.i"i,Jiip.fiii""rtrexecudveirc*orrtr,"m""rrr,"i-.-"*i",-iui_ift'ffij'i.],tl,.,:?Tffi:ffH%;"trt*Hjnee4s ndserves s he acilirative ndcoordinarlveubofthe projec

ixi"t#trJff#:t1::j"*:::fl::l*: ::th,theiriversenrndvennrasonisticnstitu.

i ,



iiri

ili

i,i

llillrili;liliLiiilllllilli

IIIPLEMENTATIONPARTNERS

l***a:w"***i+*$i:#T*#T#. The Bafangay

Governfients ol BamngaysPalingon' Lingg& and sampiruhan

: H:3'g::1"##,:i.,:$fl:?esenrativeroaquiDhipeco,r.,2'dorsressionalisrict' o

. illi5"rf,*,"_""r.Oa ltheCatarflbairychaprerfanationalonstock,onProfitrgani tion

""i$i'"Tu"tt*tp"rsons

andentrepreneursl

?ROJECITASKFORCE

w*t'ffitr;1g1p*f; f"Tl"fi"ffl;li::ff"H:iitil',]}lffi#f'f;*f]ifi$fri

liffii1fE'"f-.q;;pjji+trt$*{;1t'6

8) 10



oap6ica pres"ntauonf the cleand nstitutiooalansfotmationof th€PTFdurinEhecourse f pro-

optemenationssho\n Delo\''

Gensrrl alrmbvI Eotdot

Dlrlclot!

> ggalot{l6rofhoMRF

r hisl€3tpol'cy.meklngooyr$s tt,RF

lnoolooratro$

> solrcssforcondultorn'veshngntnpub

> highssteci9on'makingodynthegoundevol

Ptolect askForcs

> 'chemplon''d6tsnder

> Fovide6ssignand nalttc6l



MatefiokRe'o'ery

RecowrcdMouriols

RecYctobteole ak

DH]I|$1ONSOTTERMS

.^- -,,tr.* of rhisstudy, hefonolvingdeftnitiossof keytems takof, om tbeEcological olid wa

iit""!J.* o""r

too06 aveeenooptcu

-,-.^'.. h"",noavs hal foBnallyexpressedei de-

ctustzl-Boroa!ilj;'#i:il::i?:::":11 ffi"u#;;; ;;"n project'n bis

case'a Materialst€covery &""r'

Collection The scl f temovirgsolid wa{e fiom lhe sourceor ftom a communal

storag€Po$r'

conposn,,strJ;tTi$"ifJffiil;Pl"il1'$:"?"ffi''croorgan

csa,4,o, Aryril:#l,s:;J#:$i;'horasts€smate'ial'dmakest

ffi*[*;lgil*l***nd aoilities'

l.[ln$*ffi*g';i+ff-*ff

t****'Jy{#te'::#"&i"w#f{::E'f#'s''liedLui

81) 12



Redltclion t Source

SobrceWorsdon

Sbrage

V6te Generolon

*fsi #ffi"tJl"1H"fnT'materiarsubstitutio!'ar6

Th€sortingof solidqaste nto someor all of its compoo€Ts a

Pointof geneBtloD'

ffJf;f*rt#ffil"$solid

wastefte' eneratiotrod

The&ctor proc€ss f producitrg olidwoste

l

I

E) 14



u:'JlH*#.'!HJ#;*1liI:barangaysre ocatedn Calamba iry.a componeDrifyof rhe

"J'#i,|,18"#;T,"#":i:'1ff",.T;,;:.-i'i,ffff r

nero,ur. JoseKEal.

i:i,$:',".Tf;l;,?:ffi**I"J,,*:,::or Chinese ettlersn oomplianceoa decreessued y

:.'.ff:lT".l[:"xi',?#x'ifi#.l'"i]ij:ecame separareueblo,By !860.aneconomyased

€riculturcand he ake-fishingndustry as hiving n themunicipality.

r.ugn ne earslalambarewo becoheprosperousuniciparitynd avolit" estinationf ocdl

Chapter

PRoJEcrocATtoN

&)&)c€

ourisrs honever rewiredof viaitini hecenturies;ldestor"a ouse itt

"

oouooy na_

aru;'m*.'m:'-*::i',*d;i:Tfidd:*fl*y;*T'J"Hn:tr.il'"ill{aliling.invigoratinglyotby henearby ormantolcaro,Mount

&) 1s



Today,Calambas morehanusia tourist estination cquiringtscityhoo-dn2l-April2001bv virtue

"in?ri"li"a"isgZ+, * is nowa flourishingcitythatexemplifieshe dmmatic.economicrow(hhatpar-

ilil;";;;';;;;;u."'-.iJ s*tr'".n-r"eulos Resionsr'perbl) ituateddjace to hesouthLu-

;il;".'"6 il i"c*a d€Ba'i, he oint! s large"tnland-bod) f water'9:'T9--q':-:i

p.i.JEi g"t"*ly t,o lt" itslling Calabarzonareawhere aimosthalfofthe country's total economtczones

are found.

The 2000census stimateshe comPolen! lfy'spopulation t 58,466 ouseholdsr 280,529ndividuals'

f,'ir"""r"*

*o"i"ti"" *ith a meanageofzi yean Minus ts ansientpopulation'Calambas still a fast

;;;i;:i;1ffi;i;h'*ii "is.i"i' r''ieh".]'anr'al rthe arionargure

Calarnba ity has hehighestemploymentare n theprovinceOily oneoutof every 5.employablendi-

vidualss unemplovedheprimary ourcefemploymentomesrom hcmanufacturingndustriesol-

lowed y ivelihoodnd ishingndusfies

Thosewho rely onagricultural ources f incomearemainlyengagedl crop anningondgardening;ive_

.,""f*t-o"inv .i"itg; an,tor ishing ndhuntingNon-agriculturalourcesf income' n theother

;ani, ;;tfi;;il1;ii*"g"s *o iatatiet uswell as wholesale'etail'manufacturin& ndentiepre-

neurial ctivities,nd he ike.'

Calafibas a major rade ndcommerclalentern lheprovince f LagrnaReflectjvef theeconomic

iilr-"t""f,ft"

p"""i""", Lagunaoastsf acomparativelyowpolerty ncidencesconpared0 hena_

tional igure.

s Thesocio-Econonc PtoJ eoftte CttJ fcatamba" iq Planningandevelopmentfiice'2tltl

8) t6

Nalronalhdsfco/ootditaiitgotd' fi nscDovpr



A-i $hile drerenlaybe fewerpoor amilies n Laguna,he poor n theprovincemuststruggle arderhan

lr . o',iers o lift $emsel!esup he poveriy hresholdevel,wlich is muchhigher har the national igure.

Year Laguna l{ationsl

1977 11 ,670 9,843

200011 ,605

indeed price or all the renziedactivities. he city,s hriljng commerce nd ndustryaredraw-its confinedquarters n increasinglyargenumberof people n search f the proverbial ot of

e influxofpeople s takingts oll upon healreadytrainedesourcesndcapaciti€sfthe city,Thereindicationshaturban nvironmentalroblems,uch s nsuflcientwater upply ndsanitationacili-

iies.nadequateasle nanagement,ndunsustainablenergy ystems,rebeginningo beacutelyeltasciw'savailableervic€snd esourcesrebeing verwhelmedy anexpandjngopulation.

Theagricuhuraleaturesf Calamba ify arc alsobeing ast ransformedntoan ddustrial De. roofsitive s thepresencefsix industrialstatesn thecity.Already,he ndustrialstales'ornbinedand

liere rs

19 nto

old.

HJi,!'j: [::"'- nearlyqualhatof thecity,soratand reahars commerciallytantedilh

Silangan anlubangndustrialstate.ocatedn BarangayanlubangJurrentlyouseseveralooddustry iantsikePepsiColandSanMiguelCor?oration.

Carmelrayndustrial ark , also ocatedn Barangayanlubang,s homeo electronicndsemi-ductorirmsaswellasautomotiveadsmanufacturelsuch sACSManufacturing,arden,ndTup-

Light ndustry ndSciencearkI, locatedn Barangayseal ndLaMesa, lays osto 24 etecnon-i_! *mi-.onductorinnsa.s ellasmachneD' ndequprn nt ompanes ha1o ntlyemploy bout 0,000indiriduals.

&) 17



TheggmelEy IndusaialparkphaseII is ajoint_venrurenderrakingfrheyulo FamilyandJTC ntema_tionaiPte.Ltd.of Singapore.ocatedn rh;park a.e:O A"". tf,"t"ipf"y

at"ut iil;;*"".

TheCalanbaPremiereDte.nationalarlc locatedalong he boundaxiesfBaransaysBatuo, Br.andal,andPrinza-s hosto24marufacruringirmsand h.l. 3-J;t;;;;;;;.-'

TheFelinesTechnology ark,with its j32-ha.sit€, s currentlybeingdevelopedndpromo.eo.

Thereare signs hata brcadsectorof the citizenryas not asted he fnritsof a boomingeconomy. herncome ap n l*gunastill stands t adoubre-digiiigo.e of r9.5%.This,t"*.a .itr"ioi i. u".t.".n inB€rangaysalingon, ingga,andSampiruhan hich;o ectir€ly ltustrats" ,i""o"i"iioitfr" Uornro*o

The hreebarangays,itmtedalone he shores fthe historic ake,arc onlytwokilomete.s way iom tbePoblacionr theciwcenter. et;sDerirv has e€mingi) assedhem y. Decliringisficatchesldue ode inabiliry f rhe isherlolkocompite gainsr.rheiggei orporareishi"g ^f;;.ri.L."tr.n".

ofoppofiunitiesopursue ltemativeolmsofliveunooo,nda populaltonlepletedf itsproductive em_

nixi;:?n?J,H:x,ltr,:::-#:*T*.:;j:"#::'".',"1"""'p;.a'i""r-;ngi"on""ono'i

f:,"1y:, ?9991g:.q.fbararsayss}lomeo3,263ousehordsr15,607ndividuals_ithacombinedrard rea ton y I4 3hechres.n ndividualsass$ed athematioallyfat east9O.sq.m,pacqhatis, f the ndividualould otmind harinshis pace ith he oad etirort J"ii""

"uiiou,outrai,gr,houses,ndother hysicaltructutes,

Barangayaringonamento ornalexistencen22June1963 yvirtue fRepubricct 3590. riortothis, it waspartof neighboring arangay ingga.Triangularn shape, alingonis boundecly BarangayLinggaon its southcdy ide,Barangayarnpiruhann its,rortherryide,and he akeon itswesterrv

&) l8



:: i9:0s-j0s, the place s renowned s hostofthe tradjtional assion lay, he Cenaculo, sper-

j 5l ihe esidentsuring en!. t hasbeen ometimeinceh€Cenaculo asperformed,uteflorts

madeo nountthe raditionallayona more egutarasis.

sBrisricsor 2002 how hal1,223 ouseholdsre oundn hebamgay,distributedypurok s

';;Purok 284,

Purok - 408

Purok - I8Z

Purok 69

slightly uhumberhenlales. heirmainsource f incomes emplo)men! mall-scaleishing,

I iil-*f"lTj-Lfj"i,:ffilltr:"Y"::.'ffi:'##:iil:?J:i::ffi:sari-sadtores,nd srnall asolinetation.

of a sluggishconomic crivirys thebarangayovemment,sependencen tsshare f the

Ailocationo fund tsday-1o-dayperations,

&)re



BARANGAYLTNGGA

Barangay ingga s oneof the oldestvillagesof the city. Existingsince he Spanish olonialdays, hebarangay as be€n heoeBter f fishing, radin& srd water lanspo( activitiesas ;t is where le city'swharf s found.

It hassome nterestingtori€segardinghe nationalhero. t iswh€reJoseRizal irst experiencedhe bru_tality of the coloniz€.swhenduring hisyoungqdsyshewasgun-whipped y aguardia ivil for hjling to

giveapropersalute.A much aterstory meDtionedhatat the wharf\4;hile n his way o Manila,Riz.l sc-cidentallyost oneofhis slippers lld saw t drop o the waters.He fiunediatelyook he emaining lipperand hrew t to the akesaying hatas t is uselesso him without heother t mightbe best or it to oin theone n the ake o hat t wouldbeofuse o s fish€rmanhowill find$e Dai.later.

Thebarangayasa otal andareaofabout45,1hectares.t is boundedn thenorthbyBarangayalingon,

in the southby Barangay echeria,n the eastby BsrangaySanJose,aod n the westby the lake. t isabout wo kilometers way romthe Poblacion nd heold nstionalhighwsy,

Bar"angaytatisticsor 2002show hat t ,06 householdsre ound n the bamngay,istributed ypurokasfollows:

Purok- i50

Purok- 83Purok- 85

Purok -

ruroK 5-

Purok6-

66

4t7

260

Females lightlyoutnumberhc ltu.les.Fishing emaifls he chief sourceol income or mostof the resi.dents.As thebaEngay oasts fan irrigdtioonetworkcovering seflic€areaof64 kilometers,aming is

&) 20



- , _:,';.:"*acri\D. follosed bv duck aising' etaiiing,ndodrer mail-scale'ome-basediveli-

.q:. tle bar"ngay s hosl to two manufacturingirms, two bakeshops, balut-making nlerprise,

:.zi shop.eight$d-sari stores. construction nd concrete rodnctoullel two reslaurants, reai

"*"n"t'u"oabeauryarlor'

,. ::ie a relatL\ ly livelier rade and commefcial cene,lle bara.ngayovemmenls siill beholdeno its- a r eo - e i n i e m aR e v e - " e A c , ' ' | o n

have t that he origir of Barangay ampiruhans traced ack o the 1900swhen ive families rom

nearby runicipaliry fSan Pedro elocatedo the akeshore laceofwhat was hen he villageofLooc

These ive familiesweresaid o havestartedhe ish cage ndustryn the ake.With thenews

rhesuccess f the five familiesspreading rcund he province. thergroupsand 'arrilie! oon oined

Junc 96S. he place \,as ecognized sa dislircl barangay. he nameof thebamngay, L Lpiruhan,sa

derivative f SanPedro,n menory of thepiaceof origiDof the ounding ive families.

\ rfi i$ 8l-heclareokl landarea, ampiruhans thebiSge(anronghe hree i )t bartrrrgaysn terms 'f

size. t is boundedn thenonhby Barangayooc, n thesoulh y Barangallaflaiilrc.n heeast y

Palingon,nd n thewestby he ake, t isaboutwo kilometersway iom hecilJ cenler nd

oldnal ional ishwav.

BARANGAY AMPIRUHAN

&) 2r



OFTHETHREEBARANGAYS

Femalesain slightlyoutoumtr€rhe malesn thebarangay.OfnciaibanDgay tatistios sof2002 showt}!at 247 bouseholdsre ound n thebarangay,istributed y purokas ollows:

Purok -

Puok2-

Auok 3

Purok -

Purok -

Purok -

159

109

184

12E

I 5

302

?50

Fishingand armingare hemostcornmon outces flivelihqod in the barangay. omeishermenmain_tain fishpensand ish cages.Catfishand ilapiaarc he iost common ariety f culturedishes.

A numberof commercjal stablishment!re ound n the ba.rangay:floor-wax actory,a food.seasoningfactory,a.figurine-makingonc€m, balut-prccessitgnteeris€,some ressmakiogndweavbgcentenlauto €pairshops,unkshops, ari-sad tores, akeries, mall carindedas,ideorentalshops, ndbilliardhalls.

Therc are hreeclementaryohoolswithin the barangay, vo oi whichsreprivat€ly un.Thereare wodaycareacilities,onegovemment perated, nd he othernrn by an NGO._ here s alsoa govemment

health efiter.No otherhealth acilitiesexist n the barangay.

As with heodrcr wo piiotbalangays,hebarangayovemment f Sa$piruhanssimilarlybeholdeno itannual hare fti€ IntemalRevenue llocation,

Takinga snapshot fthe socioeconomiconditions nd ecologicalorientations btainingn fte projectsit€,asuvey wasconductednvolvinga representativeroupol lS0 householdsrawneiua y dm"thethreepilotbarangays.hercspondents ereselscledandomlyo rcpresent {uallythe ow.,middle-andhigh-inc-orneoups peculiar_inhebarangays. fthe total respondents,nly l2l retu$ed heir dulyac_c-omplisbedelf-administereduestionnaires,herespondentsere:spouses40%];househotdeads[337.]andhouseholdnernben[26%]. he esults reas ollows:



*.pondents aidhevhaveobs,5%admi$edhevhav€ o obs'while he esl 57%q id

,..." ", -" ."spondentsnsweredhat heyhad ot sizes f less han50sqm; l5% at50-99 qm;.. ::,:-1.19q.rn; nd6%, 50-199 qm. Some3% oftheresPondenlsaveot areasf200sq'm and

#:e:ouse areatself, combined?%ofthe espondentsaveotsizes f 50-99 qm'

respondentsavehousesmadeof wood andcem€nt; 7oz, concrete nd cenent; and l2%'

': * AGE

i:::ire respondentsaidhat hey am romPhPlooo PhP3OOesos ailyOna monthly asis,0olo

Li-it eamingsf lesshanPhP5,O00;% eamedromPhP5,O00o PhP9,999.P€sos;nd6%'ftom

a<Jeamlngs or

::.!00 to P;P20.000. bout45%of the respondenls'owevcr,€fusedo discloseheir ncome'::.: dailyor monthly

.<aio:DSWM PRACTICES

-e::sDondents, l%, feed heseo animals. ard

? -.i90ofhouseholdslready egregatelastics22%1,aper15%],glass16%],metal9olol, nd

:-:e".,4. he respondentssuaily isposaplasticastesy selling30%1,.!houghfeweithefhrow'

, .1, J. rn.pt"tti. roauctso rashollecors,boutI %oftheespond**::l9erylg:i"-1-1:; i i."f

""d"t O.y uf o bum and h ow hese wayGlass roductsrealso old o unkdealers or

!-j- i7% sell hecollected crapmetaiand in cans

*ce::i disposal ethods ere sedor foodscmpsthrowing,omposting,elling, uming], utmost

wastesreburned?%],whilebathroomastesre

r:- ?uried, rburned1%]

E) 2l

I

I



TH! SWM SITUA'IIONN CAIAMBACITY,

LDunri l l0March200S'theGenemlservicesoff iceunderthedirectsupervisionoftheomciiulo. *". tt,"

"g"n.y,"sponsibleor hecollectionnddisposalfsolidwaste swellas or cleaninghe

mainsteetsard'parisofthe city.Then€wlycreated ity ENRO, rlhe Cily EnvironmentndNatuml

Resourcesfficc.alsounderile direct upervisionfthe office of thecity Mayor, iowh.ndles hese

funclions.

Logistically.heCiryENROhas ourcompactorruck withanaverageapaciryfeight ons'and hreecce_l umpruckswith capacitiesangingrom ouf o five onsA totalof 128solidwastemanageiaent

j:WV1 p.rtonnet p.ta'coira wo_sl;i asisshouldheneed nse, g occurrenceftyPhoons'unng

bhriatn,o,".ron ot tot"n lestas,hegc,vemmenlecriresheservicesf aprivate ontractoro augmenl

ils solid asle ollection nC ispocaltfods.

Prior o 2002,he collectedolidwasle re mnsportedo anddLr pedn theciry'sop^en-pitumpsiteo-

catean aprlvatety-ownedoratBerangayay-Anlog.pproxirnalebine jlomelersrornhePoblacion

t Data br this seciion rcrc oflaifcd rion the Solid h/uste la o{enent Profk Sl:ns} Fa"n submitlcd t thc

ciq,inro ro rt',, r,'r i,.rnn(: t2 i\ anl'lcmentBurelu in Nlr\ ?ci):].and 1 Pdner Towa ls Et'olving te XAYA'

f\AP lxalnzatan dnP 'ilt! vl'|r&t at Kapatillnnl: An Efittc'"nantalatkj Naturcl Resources totcclott and

vanigemeit Prog,a'n or. /.nDs p-enated \ theCPDo i r'":

; 20 )

Category l{umber

Admlnistralivetaff 10

CollcctionTransport 2E

tulonitodng 10

Slreetweeping 80

TOTAL 128

&) 21



:*. -:.r s:nlnenrpaid he lo! owner a monfhly ease f PhP200.000o. thispd!ilegc. A cil),-o\\,ned

n- ;c-: 5:igned at thedumpsitewouldgradeand evel he Ueldafierdumping.

l:'-:. -i3 useoflhe Kay-Anlogdunpsitewas e rrninated n,lanolhcropen'pilCunpsilewasopenedn

tr-==: S",r Cristobal.Sometine n 2003.however.he SanCristobaldurnpsite asordered losedby: l-R due to overfillingand contaminai ion fthe nearb] SanCrislobalRiver,a major ribular_j,f

-_-.: i? Ba'i.

: - -=: : . - r l ' r col lecledol idq asre. iedi,posed f :n a p"i\areb'o$ ed onrol 'e d ump)i leocdlcdn.::ghbonngmunicipali!yf Cabuyao.

- :::r:dance wilh a ciry ordinance,he residents re nsiructedo bring their segregaledolid waste o

-:3CiR'ENRO, however, s only able collect he solid wastegenerated y 32 out ofthe city's 54 total

lffi,::|i"*T'tr'j'l:ir"iJltr.:flililJilTfim"::ffi:iiii.-,!s where number frnarkets,ospitals,nstitulionsndother stablishmentsre ound. heserviced

areali ocaled ithinor adjacento hePoblacionrea.

-i!en this scenario,ightbarangayovemmenlsptedo acquireheirownga.rbagerucks ndSWMThese arangaysre:Pansol, ucal,Parian, awa.Paciano izal,Mayap4Canlubang,nd

Atong thetselves,hese arangayswna otaloi l2 Isuzu Ifgarbagetucks

\o fonnal tudiesave een onductedegardinghewaste haracterr wasie enerationate n theciw.lheCiryENROhas stimatedhatwhhin heservicedarangays,toal of 142 oDs f solid

is being eneratedaily.This ranslateso adailypercapita aste enerationf 0.6kg.within hesefticed rea.t hasbeen oted lso hat hecollectedolidwastes made p mainly fkitchen ndmar-

Iir practice,heCityENRO nd te abovemenlionedarangayovemmentsover 0 barangays,r nearlyl <o ^ ̂ f r h F . i { ! c r ^ r r l h .n n d rw<

i:!:aated collectionpointsorjust outside heir residencesnly durjng he scheduled ick-updateand:e. usually uringheevening ntil heearlymoming ours.

84) 25



I

Ho$ever.beCityENRObgetherwr$ $e tflck-owniDg amnga) ovemtnenlrunits-

ic onlyabh o col'

l€ct I I rrerictons ai ] o' lt" ao rtre our, iiia ""ti""g*tt"t&'in ttt" ttrv ced reaEffecti elv sere-

il-.". 'e sol;a"astecotteclionalen CalarnbaiO s555"o

gIIECTSOIPOOROLDWASTE ANAGEIViENT

Whileno oomprehensivetudyhasyet beenconductedegatdingheeffeotsof sn in€ffi^oientolidwaste

manasemenrysrempon h" ti""t unoumt' if-tit'i"t;alno oicur'-uu city' a numberof electedo_

cioec;logicaldata s indicative f thenegatrve"ooi".q..n".i"f*

itnp."p"rly managedolidvastesitua-

uon.

Uncollectedr poorlymansgedolid ra{e assailsn ndividlal's lfactory ndvisual^sensesswas he

il?i.liii"i'rf;

-#avi"in *t"n it nt.rutsiiedhe iq.heapjngiles f rotdnS_"garbagelongseer

camenarenotonlyanunpt""t't 'igt'', nty i'Jatto"

uttu*tr"itingixpttience uchpiles otonlycon'

minate theair,oater nd o't'"'oorct'' 'n"yli'""*"tt

roatn" uid"itor

insectshus dve$elyffect-

ingpublichealth ndenvironmenuluality

Staristicsrom heCty HealthOmce eveal-thatneofthe 10 eading aus"',:li:1lt:,T""1"-0" "ttt

is dianhea. monghe o leaaingausesr Jor-biairy'nrttt oo"il-a 'e acuE espimlorynfecrion'

skin disease,ndgastto-"nte.iti" n"te oi'u""is lJ li!"uut"a"na

tutn t"t off by filthy if not oontami-

nated uroundings.

to 26

Ay.lrlp D.llvSolld .d. cdl€clion, !l'mb'cltv



: -':.: Cii] \iuiiiparti te MonitoringTeam,whichregularly onducts n-si te nspection frhel5-.-., s slneiis. 'rdicale lhal the city's natural$,alerways s well as aquifgrsare now being:e: :j .;:r.:einafion and pollutiondue to the "indiscriminale umpingof untreated r inade-::i= irdusrrialuastes"sucha5 volatileorganic ompounds,olvenrs, eary metals, ncl ther

ll r_! :r,=;eruled euth.ophication ue o increasingutrjentwaste-loadsrom households, xpanded

ti , _--r :]1i livestockproduction ctivities, ntensiveishpenoperations, nd soil erosion.,' he sus,

i-:: je Ba i. a cdticainatuml esource ot oniy ofthe city but the countryaswell, ,.hasbeenun-

:- . : : lhelaletoremainasastrategicresourcefortheeconomicandsociaidevelopmen!ofrnere-

._ir's rnajor ndustrial arksand estates.t contributes bout ivepercentreshwater ischargeo the

.i ::..:i)concludeshat asiderom ndustrialollution,heunhamperedaily umpingnto he jver f

r$'i"n:!i1*iHi';ili.i::i::i,i;"i,::;5il::::' -!i. rhe l barangaysnin€ n Ca]amba nd our n Cabuyaol iscardhousands ftons ofga$age intoef annualiy!which endsup n the akebed."Moreover,,.a umber f livestock ndpoultry ormsare

rhrowing heirwastesnto he iver."rt

:.: ! R€sPoh*Ds

by theproblem ssociated ith pollution."rl

: r i995. the LagunaLake Developrnent uthodty and he Ecosystem escarch rd Developmentr- :orducred n n-depth tudy fthe SanCristobal iverSystem, major iversystemfthe cityr. :.o! inceof Lagunahatdrainsnto he ake. heSanCr;stobal ivercutsacross eveml fthe

_-iecreation fthe CityENRO, syslematicnd oordinatedpproacho solidwastemanagements:::a andcipated.he ollowing reamonghemany olidwastemanagementeasureshatarebeing

-o ttnn"o 'or imPlementation

1 P.imet Towar.ts Eroblns the K4YAK4P |Kalngata,t ang Likos-yama a! Kapatiginnl: An Ent'honheital

ResourcesProroctin oM Manogenent Prosrun fot catnnh.CpDo. aahmba: Aprit2002

8{) 27



The fiNt-€verLocal EnvironmentCodeof CalambaCify is being inalized o tske nto considorationhenaldatesof RepublicAct 9003. TheprcposedCodeshall integrate, armonize, nd ationalizeall cityodirances and €gulationselated o theprotection, onservation,tilization,andmanagementfthe cityenvfonment,

There s nowgrealerappreciationo regardbeproblemofsolid waste roman ecological ointofviewrather har a mechanicalctivity of simply collectingard disposing.As such,he City ENRO s embark-ing on a series f preparatory ctiviti€s owards he reductionof thevolumeofsolid wastegoing o thelandfill.The City Solid WasteManagement

oardhas

been reated.Recognizinghatthe city is compos€d f sevemldisqeteecosystems,.e., akeshorquplanct,ndustrial.and Poblacion cosystems,he City ENRO will soonembarkon a seriesof barangayonsultationsndadvocacyampaignso activatehe Barangay olidWasteManagementommitteeso be at th€ orefrontof ecologicalwork as well as o elicit inputs owards he fomulation of a fiore responsive ity SolidWasteManagem€nt lan.Thecity govemments also inalizing thedebils for the acquisition f a lotwherea controlleddumpsite reparatoryo a sanitaryandfill wouldbeputup.

WASTE HARACTERIZATIoNTUDYTESTJTTS

A critical nput n the overalldesign fthe proposedluster-barangayRFsystemstheresultofa wasteoha.acterizationtudy n the hreebanngays. hestudy, onductedmainlyby the ProjectTaskForce,ook

proportional amplesromrcpresentatjveow., middle-,andhigh-incom€roupsr the hreebarangays.

The study evealedhetth€ middle-income.oupgener'ateshe mostsolid wasteon a daily basisat 85.6kg.,comparcdo57.5kg.dailywaste en€rarionlthe high-incomeroup,nd 62.9 g.genefttionfthelow"incomeroup, hesameanking et-up,.e.,middle-incomeroupollowed y thehigh-incomendlow-inoomeroups,as observedlso or otalvolumef wsste eneratedndbulkdensity.

8) 2E



:: -r;= .€.biesresenthedetaiisofthe waste haracte.izationtudy.

t ,r!t G.n.radonnSrmd€Ba6ngly6 y ncotno rolp

Barangay Incone roup iletWoightI ka.

Volumelcr.m.l

BullDensltyt ksJcu,m,

-rgga 32.7 0.187 219 5

=aiin9on 6.3 0.046 195.37

Sarnpiruhan 24.9 0.187 177.U

fotal-Low 6&0 0.120 592.15

Lrngga

[4iddle

417 0.187 267.31

Palingon 10.2 0 1 15 164.97

Sampiruhan 33.7 0,187 224.59

Total'Middle 85.6 0.1E9 656.94

Lrngga

High

10.7 0 187 101.60

Palingon 14 4 0.090

Sampiruhan 42.3 0.187 270,58

Total.High 67.1 0.161 629,58



NelWelqhtI ko.

VolumeIrum.l

gulkD€n$lyI tqJfl,lt|. I

Prllngon

Samplei50ouseholdsAve. erHousehold:.6 g.

6.3 0.046 195.37

[4iddle 10.2 0.115 164.97

High 14.4 0.090 257.39folFl.PdiDgon 309 0.251 617.73

Llnggr

Sample:51ouseholdsAve.erhouseholdi,7 g.

32.7 0.18i 219.25

llliddle 41.7 0.f87

High 10.7 0,187 101,60

folsl.Llngga 85.1 o56t 58t.n

Srmphuhan

Sampler2householdsAve. er ouseholdi,9 g,

24,9 0,187 177,54

Mlddle 33,7 0.187 224.59

High 42.3 0,187 274.58

Iot6lSeDplflrl!, l$.9 0,561 672,71

Housohold aiL Gon rllion pgrEamphErr.ngiy

DailypercapiE:ol:J .asle eneralionr.28 g.

Dailypefhouseholdolidwaste eneration: 1.42 e.



J ] C1].P D]SCUSSIONFGD]

i:":"*i*rlx'';l;'"""fr;1il*m-3;;:ffi';1li;ifi:1

*:::::'::":":;-dffiffi*iill'liliffi :?r;::,#jtbi*r:p'^itii ,g1'iiuti': ttit. onethingobuv ookineilwithl'

The espondentsonotconsiderbe ecoveredl€ms sgarbageli:"*9til1: llv,"tl^t "̂tpl"' "f

n""."lia-*fia **" UroLrghto be tasie haracterizationtudydidnot ncludeheseegregaEo

n"'', Uponsegregation.he lemsareplacedn a storage reaadjac€nlo thehouse o-aloidconEminadon

*l$:;iftt'rl*h:::Tl::l',:''"'l;'3Jiftilif ;:frli"'"

lliffil"fi,lit.Hff;li"'f;iiiii##:1##Jff',XfI :x"*"'i*if'l"J[:i.l:

R) l l



&1dcoilectedby ihe households nd hen sold to the unk dealers n a weekly,quarterly,or evenyearlybasis.The isi ofpreferred temshasnot considerablyhangedhrough heyears.

Hou!6holdtem! PrerentlyB€ingSegregrted,Collected Sold o tft. Junk06aleB

Plastictemslsoft rink otlles,on-

tainelsorminerclatel,condiments,ath nd

toileltems,ther lasticDroductsl

Scrap etalldilapidaledotsnd ans,ls-cadedcoing aleials,lectdc

wircsl

old,noperaiiveous€holdapplrances

Glassottleslsoft ink,ginandiq-uoc, ondime,bath

an0tolleltemsl

Soft rinubeveGgeans

Ne$6paper,agazines

Csrtons,ardboardboxes,ackagingated-

als

The FGD also revealeda[other nterestingwaste eductionpractice reval€ntn thetluee barargaysn-volving ood 6craps, itchenwastes, ndused/old lothing.

On a daily basis, nost f notall householdsn the threebarangays ollect heir food scrapsandkitchenwastes.hese replacedn a recept&clesuallymaderoma recycled ilk-powderanor a plastioon-tainer.On the avemge, achhouseholdwouldamaisabouthalf a car-loadof food scnps ard kitchen

wastesaily.Theneighbo. ho s ntosmall'scaleig.raisingusinessicks p,also n a dailybasis,hefood scraps ndwastes, nduses hese o augmenthe ivestock eed,

&) 32



kli#lrr::fl1- '- " i i toorpo' l a"ir 'gbutche:ingim'

-'= r_-*nolds l 'ocollecl sedor ldclothingWhen sumcienludntiry' isol 'ected'suallysack-

fi tr;ll,j'i#,i*s ilil:;fi:'-'^:""J':"1#;ilx:J:'J":

*","*u;lj'"",:trfi;lffi1iT?'#,#:tr$$:';1i:';:::fi:ffi;$i:#:H"}l:

B) 33

ttlixofSolldWast€naTyplcalHouloholdnbo Pllotga6n$y!

0.250s.I0lFood oEps Kkhenwasles

12.17olt|osJYI

I sack lusod loihlngl)



Chapter

TheProoosedMRF Svstem

E)F)C€

he cluster-barangayRF beiry Foposed n this studygoesbeyondhe conventional efinitionofamatedals ecovery aoility, ,e,, a placeor afacility wheresolid wastes redeliveredo be separated,

processed,ndstoredor l&teruseas aw materialsor remenufacturi[g nd cprocessing,

Th€Foposedcluster-bar&gay RF shellbemorehaDjusta sfucture. t shallbdng ogethei ourdistinctbut intor-related perationalomponents nd he tirec keyshloholdergroups localgovemment nits,theprivatesector, ltd he cornmunitymembers into a produotive chem€hatencoungeshese ompo-n€ntsand staleholderso function ogetherar a singleunit and in theprocessr enerate€sults hat arcgr€ter thar the sumoftheir individualeffectsorcapabilities.

The oluster.baEngay RF beingproposed ere s a sustainable yote of managing onmunitysolidwaste.Theproposed luster-barangayRF system hall ansforln wastematerirlsrl,o usoable ndmsr-k€table esources hile effectivelyqonhibutingo the overallp.ocass f reducingpollution,cons€rvingenerSy, leatiflgjobsand b$iness opportunities, uildingcordpetitive nanufasturitgndusaies,mprov.ing the healthoonditions fthg oommunity, ndd€creasinghe ocalgovem$ent,s veralldisposal €odsandexpenses.

It is designedor resouroeeco!€ry by meansof msnualmatelialssepantion,The mainbusiness ftheproposed

MRF systgms to rnaximize hequantityof reoovqables nd ccyclablesollected,whil€p.o-ducingmat€rialshat will generatehe highestpossibleevenuesn themorket.

8) 34



-:c\* clusrer-baraigay RF system hallbe oindy ownedandmalagedby the stakeholdets

::=:ei discussion fthe organi?ationalndmanagerialchemes foo d in a seParatehapter fthis

I\ ORKiN' NAML OI THI PEOPOS] VRf SYSN V

:rosesofthisstudy,heproposedluster-bamngayRFsystemhall e efered o as:

PalisrmCommunityMRF, rcorporst€d

segegaton marl(gtingsales

Palisarts an acronym f the irst syllablesf the names f the hfte barangays:Alingon,

anaSavpiruhan.Interestingly,hewordcontainsheTagalogootwo.d ?alir" whichmeans,o

t"o*o**,

o, to rortroo,,,"o"* "r" "*.

,".o*"o*rro

a",'rua communityMRF, ncorporatedhall ave oul major perationalomponents:

-:giJctiorl/segregationatsowce

t"ract witheach ther na inear asis ith he utput f one omponentervingsan

8.) J5

collgclionhan$o( pocessine



lb!.hdds, Conmdi{Btrui$merlbREDUCTION/SECRIGATIONCOMPONSNT

Effectiveand sustainablewast€ manage-ment beginswith the persons nd se€lorsthatcrealewaste.Througl a combinationol societalpressures,egislated ancdor|s,infonnationdissernination,rd skills en-hancementschemes, he generationof

wasteand rnixtures f wasteshallbe oom-Fehensively educedat the source evels.The seg$gatiooof wssteat souce is tlekey !o the success f the pioneeringPali-samCornmuhityMRF, nootpomted.

Among the reduction schemes o beadaptedrc he ollowing:

RedactionhrouohReuse. h€ communigmembershallbe oughtandenooudgedoextEndhe utilit of certainproductsanditems h$ugh .e-us€.This is possibl€,or

exa.Illplgwifi items ike writing pap€rs,plastic containeN,bottles, linen diapets,and he ike.Throu* public information oamparg$and eppropriato amngay rdinanc€s,heootnmunitymembefiishall also be per-

suadedo purchase roductshatcanbe r€-u$ed.Theysballbe discouragedtompur-

ohasing ndusingso-oalleddisPosable"products, uchds disposablelateg, atingutEnsils,iapers,r shoppingags.nstead

&) 36



.rrr"i:Ed conhinerizrdcomposting,uchas:- s-. !c!3--10\r'ertires"!'a: ;":.€nethodusirg permeabie embranesikesacks=ir:&d drums oraembic omposting|.Er-or composlingor ar€aswith openspaces

.. . ,c-n", tk.-].ctin!. nformarioDampaignshallbecondusredo- r:u-.,i :Ealctrng. uch €c)cjingmethods re:

E Gixtd shal b€ encourag€d

'rlrFid compostingby burial method n garoensandeasenr€nts

''d tui lrorisions of coffee,sugar,

.< == :s plentborden, ences r compost onlarners

r;, r:z:ocr aspillowcaseiliers

=rEi-1 asEmpoia4/ wEpping and packag€_fillingmaterials

s a_in3tive conlainersor condlmenb

=!j :i --2nt containers

&) 37

-mlll-loothpasle.hampoo. nddelergenbn dtsposablea_

ro ouy tnese tems n reusable lasticconbiners.bottles,or

identi$,ouseholdtems uit-

--r.ns effecrive chemeoensure usraimbiewasteeductions wasteavoicience.n lhis scheme,T:::1:11I*d jftulr":'hatomprehensiveryriminate,r,i.

",*,r"" i**,",,":=:Al!I:,1p.epar;ngasetormcarrhar;"1;;:;;;:.#;.'i;:;:1i_ijil'**'Jffl;,jl. -.sr- .r-_.:.-s proa cing oodswirhco-nptele recyctabteaflqandpactaging.



Reduction hrcuehRecvclinp sAnimal Feed.It is a corDm{n racticeanong he househol& n the hr€ebarargayso use heir kitchen eitoveN as animal eed, ncludiflg eed or their cultured ishp.oduction.This sa cost-€ffectivemethodofwaste eductionhat sh8llbe furtier enco$raged.

Reductiofi hrouqhRecvcline sFueLErvironheni-fti9ndlymethods fusing biodegradable asteasal-ternative uel-sourceshall be disseminat€d. mongsuch methodsarc: biogas echnolog/ o produeemethaneoi cooking,andusingdded re€andshrubcuttings s rewood.

Segreeationtt Source.Afier all possibleeduction ffortshavebeenexhausted,h€ residentshallbe en-couragedo segrcgateh€ r€mainingwaste nto biodegadableand nonbiodegndablevasteswith tlrcnonbiodeg.adablesufiher sortedandgrouped ased napie-amounced roupings] riorto theirpick-upby the camrnunity olidwaste ollectors.

The reduotiorl/segegationcheme hall be outlinedn an appropdaleoint barangay rdinance.A fooalpe6on ftom the PalisanrCommunityMRF, IncorpoEtedshali facilitat€ he conductofpublic m€etingsand nformationdrivesconcerDingff€otive cductior/segegationechniqu€s.

COLLECIIONNDTRANSPORTOMPONENT

Thedesignofthis cornponent f.the PalisamCo1nmunity R!, IncorporatEd as detenninedargelyby

the designofthe previous om.ponent, ithouta proactivee-us€/s€gregationonponent, he colleclionand rlnsport component ould hardlyb€ different rom heprevailing olidwaste oliection ohemesm-plemenGdn most citi€s and ocalitiesofthe country oday nvolving heuseofbig dump ruck. Suohcolleotionsohemes unsound,n€mcient a.nd nproductiveolid wastemanagementractic€due o thefollowing casonsi

r The use of a single compartmeltdump ook collects h€ raried typesof waste tom a numb€rofsourcesesulting n a mixedpile of waste n the ruck. Eflorts to segregatet sourceale renderedo.tallyworthless,

. The ruck helpers cavengen the6uckwhile still on hc road.Any solidwaste hat s ofvalu€wiil b€takenand sold o unk shopsalong he way, eaving he MRF with residuals ndoontaminatedom"postables,

. Recyclablotemswill losemuch fthehvalue ecausefmishandling.

F) 38



thevolumeandnumberof ttips to the umpsite,arewongly motivtted o collectbiggervolumes f

to usti! theit trips o tbedumpsite'

Th. Pulirut cot-unity MRF,hcorporated halldo awaywith thesewasteful allection echniquesn-

":i,ff"1H:*'il!.!#H#,"i.:li'""Jiln"1 i"

""rr.""ainty onvoridals, ioaegradablesnTrresdays,lasstems nwednesdays,ndsoon.

:?$ru;tn*:l*f,::.J::$.i:jffl',,''j",:liffi#,':,ttrilt""Hl".';lii:Lqti;4jlii"'ffl'l**:**'m:;:fd{::}l*T*Fff"s#?ffi:$l

-/\ -----

s--""\

*>B'|r*Els'in

Tle compostallewastemiglt be coltaminatedwith toxicsubstarcesuing thescavengingctivities

"i]f"ir-ilr"p.tt c*o*-i*"d biodegadablesesull n contaninated ompost nd erenotsaleable

"Ji c"r"-i*t"a --post mayevenbe harmtul o vegetablesndedibleplaits'

Tlefnancialviabii i tyoftheMRFcollapsesbecauseitwil l involvemorep€opleandequipment!oseg€gale rd proc€ss asterom amixedsource.

Theoractlceexposesthecoll€ctorsaswellasthecommunit iesalongthewayto6vari€tyofhaftful

andevendeadlicontaminantsswell aspathog€nic gents'

e useof dump rucks or house-to-houser sbeet-level.ooilectionrcakl*:" ip"."

S::1]TT]g

?;il;;;;;;;;;Gn"aio. iu"t' t'.u'1 o"a' naddition,6eaulinsonnactors'incehev relaid

To enhancehecollectionefforts, he Polis8mCom-muniry MRF, Incdrpo-rated may ss! uPBrrsngoy Ecocentent

strategioocatioB wi$iDtheservicearea.TheEco_centers hallseneas em_

porary stonge a$as for

8) 39



coll€ded Ecyclabl€s ndasan ntemedialeplac€ o performpreliminary ortin&clasrification, rd eveDclcanitrg fcollected 1€msriorto their delivery otheMRF. Additionally, heBaraDgay coceniershallbe tte visible lBllying point wherepublic mobilization,nformation,aod advococy ampaiers ar beIarlnciedandcoo.dinated.

The cornmunity olid wastecollectors hall usesmall collectionvehicles,The small colleotionvehioleshaveseveFladvantages:

. Reductionn air andnoisepollution

. More reliabilitt b€cause ffew€r breakdownsnd hus educed aintenarce 4st

' L€sspeNonsnvolv€d,becausehedriver s also he collector

' L€ssor evenzero uel expense

. Lessdamageo cornmunityoad3

. Cane$ily aocess ndnavigatehrougb he naflow rcadnetworkofthe threebarangays

Dependingon the operational eeds, he PalisamCommunityMRF Enterprisewill make us€ of thefollowing collection ehiclesi

. Pushcarts ith several omparinents

. P€dal-powereddcyclesorpedicabswithspecially esign€d idecars

. Motorized doyol€swithspecially esigned idecars

, Jeepwith compafinentalizedrailer

Seps.raieehioles hallbe used o collectspecific ,?es of waste.At theminimum,onecollection ehicleshall be dedioated ach o. biodegradablesnd nonbiodegradables.he colleotion ehioles hall bedis-tinctly color-coded. hecompartnentalizedrailerpulledby . jeepshallbe used n collsctingbulkwastesaswellasdouble sa deliveryehicle.

8) 40



:=:-. i3-s. T-deunk shops, n the otherhand,shallbe encouraged nd assistedo upgradeheir opela-

l- j :.n house{o-houseetailbusinesso community-\r'ideecyclablentegfators ealingdirectlywith'alcling plants.

^r-rdrDrs fior Prtn' cwuniv rRF,he.d.bt!

- 1: : _.r=:jje urdu€ economic islocalion ndconlusion n the srea, hecommunily olid waste ol--::: s:r.l .*.i:gm r.llee.-vclabiesrom thehouseholds i thesameprice he unk shops reoffering ol

ffi TLl:not. eco lected-andhose ho.ail o segregaiehall e evied fine.A daily erviceeeo PhP for

andPhPs or commercialsiablishmentsndotheruridicalentiiies hallaisobe collecled.serriceeemaybepaid ncash r n itsequivalentn recyclables.

: ' :

, ' : ,

&) 4l

R-t foirr Frot 4Elp,fl,rncaMnnrr ,4r,''sBahd

r. dih'---.-+ ll vt/

fr



RECOVERYAND PROCESSINGOMPONENT

Tbeprocessingornpolentconsists f severalmajorsctivitiesThese rediscussed€low

Unlaodinond Classificafion'he seg'

rcp,aiedolidwaste ollected om the

ho,-l'lseholdsndestablishrnenlshall be

broughtdirectly o theMRF.Wtile these

items havebeenseglegateo t source'theywill still undergounh€rsegr-ega-

tionand lassificadont he ippingloor

ofltheMRF n aocordanceith thespeci-

ficationsof the market/buyenand the

prccesseso beapplied

Biodesmdabl€ aste,uponarrival atthe

MRF,-shall €sortedurthet nto the ol-

lowingcategories:- Grass, eaves€nd otherYad tim_

- frLiin". and lemshat annot€

shreddedasily- Specificagriculturalwostegatbered

ftomthear€, eg ric€hull, bagasse

Kitchensftovershatare teshly ollectedrombomes

iitchen eftoverstrataresemi_alryrpre-processedsing ome ompostingeohniques

Animllwastehatspre_processedt hesource

Human astehats oundn diapers,anitaryapkins,ads' tc

Finesndnerh

Nonbiodegradableaste, n heothethsnd, hall e,s-orte1,lf(|:lt:tl-*e followincl

;;;X. .;;;. b;;k;" siassaccordingo specificolors nd ]pesl

PlasticsaccordinBocaregoryumbe4

Metalsatuminumnadn cans. tel, olherronslPaper*hite.ne-sprintmixed, ompositeslnd anons

&) 42



.1-:-: :-'Fs oi qr-aPper5

:::r:.:5. :oers. hair.etc

-;-: .:3:,'. bonesdimculi to compostl

:-_-:=

.. ,llar cquireno furtler so(ing shallbe classified ndbaledaccordingtomarket pecifications

icisd lvhil€ awaidnghebuyers.

= ,. -- communir,RF.ncorporarcd.sharl"d"prl",,'"Ti1].-.^111s,"::::i?::-T,51,*::,1

:_-raz:a automaledortlLi;;;.;;:.';;;

'lni"i po',.nriurb'oducesisneruariq.m'"'^':,1j::::l

e mJcnani'eaperatonFurther' manualorting roc-:_: :ore reiected aterialsscomparcdo th

-_r=:,r neq obs in the oc8litY.

:;:::.? of Biadeeradahle aste l hereate several ptionsavailableo thePalisamCommuni8MRF'

-i =ilin pto.."ting iodegradableasles hese.are:'r:'i:,il-"-t?il::,i:"";:ffi;;';

;;J;;;;;til.:,1'tT.l::: ltH"fl'.iil"',',';",ffi""1':,1T":.'I;;.:'iljffiilJ pi"'..'"iii"ia-p;oi"

fi' ut'onoaur*ndanandrenvorume

p.odu"tion this s irnitedowastehats edibleor anirnals'

3: -:2sechnologyd) s sbestor processingastehatdevelops ethanesaby_product'g live-

nanure

&) 43



controlledconditions.whire animal €€dFoduction s a viableoption, ie.ecent ouiburst of diseases,e.g.madcowdisease ndSARS,altributedoanimalshalhavebeen edwithrccycledmatter,Eisesseri_oushealthconcems.

Thebiodegradableaste hallbeprocessedsingaerobic ompostingechnolos/,specificallyhe staticpile, passive emtion ersion,AerobiccompostingassJv-eralpotentialadvantages:a] the decomposition rocess roceedsmore agidly;[b] ternperatureev€lshatare ethal opathogensreafained;and c] the numbirand ntensifyofobjectionable missionsre educed hagly.

The nterstitialair, or the air in thespaca etweexhepsrticlesofthe cornpostingmass,s the sourceof oxygen or theactiv€micmbialproduction. he oxygenith€ ambient ir that mpinges n the outersurfacesurface ir layer]also ontib-utes n er*tancinghe microbialproduotion. heparticlesemainstatioDdyandonly the interstitialair is exohangedhroughnatumlconvection ndair move_menL

Theadopt€d ompostingrocesss cost-efficient, s heprocessoesnot nvolv€the nterventionf sophisticatedndcostlymechanicslquipmentikefansortuming equipment. heprocess lso nvolv€smanual ctivitieshus connibutinsto the creation f ne\^obs

n the ocaliD.Theend-productcompost]s sufficientlystable or nuisance-freetorage ndwouldbe safeor use n agt oulture.

ThePa.lisamompostingrocessnvolvesiveprincipalteps overing period f45-60dayslra

I. Shr€dding. hebiodegndableshallbeshreddedntouniform article izes f3-4 cm,This s doneto avoid_.ater in tle compostina rooess,he developm€nt f sna€robio ocketsn and th€ unevcndrsttbution ndmovementfair rhroughhecompostingass.

2. Incorporatlon fs BulklngAg.trtor BiGolidstrto heWrsie.Such nagent ould ecoconutoiroust r brosoridsikewater yacinthsr ake lgaeoundn tre looality. hebiosolidshallbemixedwith

'"

,,Thed€sign J h€-Pelissm omposting rocesss an adaptarioDf the compostingrocesssed n BanngsySunlaliey MRF in Paranaque.he SunV6ll€y MRF syslemu€3 designed ndd€vcloped y SanngayChai-rp€rsonRobenoB. cu€vara.

&) 44



biod€radablesanually r wilhtheuseofa simplemixingmachineikea one-baggere-

CoEpolting Pmcqss. he compostingmass hallbe placedn semi-permeableacks hat would5 ie composting essels. he composting acks hallbe looselypacked o promotehe low ofair

r: -:-- :i. mass.The sacks hall hen be placedon stacking helvesocated n the compostingoom

l- *e IIRF. The compostingoom shali b€ dry andw€ll-ventilatedt alltimes.The roomshallalsoa iiifficient working space o allow the restacking fthe sacksas often as necessaryo €xpose he

i-r.ing mass o air and hus essenhe emission f putrefactjve dors.

:ompostingrocesssprogressingatisfactorily,numbe. f changesn hepbysicalhafacteristics.omoostins ass iilbe observed:

ooo""*,"" rne compostingassraduallya*ensn color nd ppearance

Sifliog heComposted ixture.Once hemass as chievedompleleomposting,t is aken utofsack ndoncemorcmanuallyieved, his s done o rernovehe cmainingulkpaiicles

'.husromote consistentniform ppearancehatbuyers refer.

')ior- Theoriginal dorofthebiodegradabless halofmw garbage.ithe compostingrocesss ad-rarcingwell, hesucc€edingdors ouldbedescribedollectivelys faintcooking."

P?rticle ize.Due o themicrobial ctivjties,heparticle izeof the composting aterial ecomessmaller. lso.organic bers ecomerittleandamorphousaterialsecom€ omewhatrairularn:haD€.

Curidg nd Storage, hesifted omposthall e epackedor f'!al curing nd torage,t thispoinlcomposthall xude nearthly mell ndwouldbedarkg|ayor brownishn colorandappearance.

&) 45



Proc?ssinef Nonbiadeerodabtea\te 1he availabilit/of marke$will

;G;fi."r.fif

*"gones lhal hePalisarh Rf will maintainor

""iii"J"**Llr.tl actoryretumables ill be baledand packed or

'irnr.aiu,iaaiu..y and sale. hese will be deliveredo the recycling

tuJ.i"r o. t"a"aptloo"ente$

whena commercial ualrtity s accumulated'

Dep€ndingn theneeds fth€ m€rket,henonbiodegadabietems' articularlyhe ecyclables'anbe

classifiedased n he ollowing pecificationsr

a) 46

SlmDlsM€ttrlSpecmcons. Separ"tedygrade. Baledsize& ,€lghtpecified]r ooso. Dry r ncludingome €t. Cleanrsomeegrcsfco!!q!l!4!g!. Flattened,nflattened,rshrcdded. Labelsmovedfnot moved. Cleanrwith degreefmntamination. Loosg,aledrdensifie!l@ig!!.9!iE

FerousontaineEt!.{etalroducts

. Flatlened,hredded,aledrdensmed

. Freefmolslurc,in,oll,€ad,laseetcluminunontalners

. Baled,ranulatedr oose. SeDaratedv olorr ype,rmlxe!



samtls la*et SPecif.tons

l-EGEiEd- y olor'mi'ed. Size f culletspeciiled]. Deorcefcontamlnalon

*. r.:{r!*8*iT1t.t.fir"H#fildf[.iiji'-]i[*tltJl;t'**1;'

" ,",'o. o.muniryRF,ncorpomr"d:h"lllg:lll-":::':l':::i::l"Tnfflfi'l}iJ]fi:::*,,Ti:I"!:ll"*ll,j:#;iillLii;,i-,"{idlliii#::l*gnt.'il,:i'J''Hheofocessingtnono'o*t*""'' "l'riiirit

"""til""i"Jirtt*gr'ti" cityLivelihoodffice' ncoopera-

"tl:;f.j:.**ffJffiH tr,",,.i'-nli"'rinooa'ril'uining

rccessinefResiduatsasedn hewasteharactt::.,:l-'l'i:]:,lil""l'..t"'riH:Silif f:.T::i;mffi:ffi::*emTJilffi '}]ff#fi;iiii" JuiJin'a'"'rduarsestinedorheitv

xu#,i:ftrf$i'"lx'fi'silff#5li'Ji'"i3'JliRFwhileawaiting oll€ctionno onger eallowedo collecl

Ecl 47



:s:,tr1T:Sff'-Tt-:'#ii,lH.y:3ilsf-3:s€rvic€'rareaand{ininsteadberi

A schedule or this purPosev{ill bedetermif,ed n coordinationwith the City ENRO'

MARKTTD,IGNDSALES oraoNENT

***i'S"":,l+*l-g'm,j*,rhepa,isamcommuni,y,ur*::nr::i,l

#J*ffititffi'l#,!#$n*".

8c)48



-..,-. -ir:,.rables So asnotlo dislocateheexistingjunkshopsn the ocalitywho tradeprincipallyn

il:,vr*i;ilt.l#,rT*rt;'"ffirY#*,r-: :_ =. iuni. shoDs hallbeelelated o that of recyclabe-buyersThe PalisanCommuniryMRF In_

1',-.,... o, $e other hand,shall take tull controi of the day-to-day ecyclable uying operations,

I * - , r - .- - ,s

6311 -nIoealef5nlo he operal ional

t leam of lhe VRI

..r-^: :. ::e iollowingl

. r-.,lrur€ food andnon-food ropsand arms

-a::iaping commercialrcperties ndgroundsmaintenance

\ ---:ries pottedplanls,bare ool planting, nd oreslseedling rcps

--r :. Agencies highwayandscaping,ecrcationalreas, arks,andotherpublicProperties

i:. :.n.es home andscapingndgafdenrng

:_:.: iand eclamation nd andfillcover

:r r Compostncreaseshe organic

:.: :' j qater retenlion nd aemtion

conientoflhe soil and can mprove ts exture, ts nutrienlcon-

capacities, ecause fthese, he compost an be usedand mar-

CoMPETITIoNNALYSES

t :-::::: haulingchemeftheCiiy ENRO nvolving ump ruckssconsid€redseriousompetitor

;: ::;:gated cillection chemefthePalisam ommunity RF, ncorporatedhe eqsonssimplei

:--i :lck haulen ffers much impler rocedureo hehouseholdplace llyour ubbishnside

:+- .ring il out o thehaulers.nd orget ll aboutt This s much onvenienthan he ccom_

: :::ardated segregationl source.

- :: ? sizeablenvestmenl lready oured nto heold scheme nda signilicant udget equiredo

-- :: :! unlikely hal ocalgovemment nils will soon erminateheoperations fthe haulersn fa'

:::;:::: ecologically-soundegregalion_at-sourcendsnall_vehicleollection cheme'

[.J 49



PROCESSINC

Ther€are hreecompetitor oupson this evel:

t. tnforEal RecycleN Thegarbageollected tth€ curbsides separated anua]ly y ti€ helpers

on the dumpauck while effoute to the dumpsite. hetruck helPers ave heir own way of segregation.

The actory etumables r€unload€do unk shops n theway o thedumpsite.

2. Formsl R€cyclers Thereareexistingunk shops,within the threesubjectbaradgays, ho do

their own "door-to-dooi' redemption peradon singpushcafis. hey will definitely be affectedby the

MRF operation s he PalisamComrnunityMRF, ncorporateds essentiallyn nstitutionaliz€djunk hop

opemliot hatwill changehe way ordinary/faditionalunk shops xedoingbusinessn the country.

3. Animrl Feed Coll€ctors it wasobserved uring h€wastechaxacterizationtudy n tbe dr€e

barangayshatmost ofthe kitchenwast€s o not find theirway into thegarbage ile that is sent o thedumpsife.Mostareprocessednto animaleed or dom€stic etsar,dbackyard iggeries nd ishponds.

MARKTTING SAIES

Factory etumables ouldbe hemainproductine ofthePalisamCommunityMRF, ncotpo@tedartictl-

tarly during ts earlyoperational hases.hesetemsafealso hemainproducts fjunk shopopetators n

a {ay hen,hemain ompetitorftheproposed RFconceming arketingperation ouldbe hejur*

shopsn thearea.

MACHN\ERYEOL'1PT€NT

Based n the schemes entioned arliern this section,he ollowingmachin€riesndequipmeDthallberequiredi

. Collectionehicles

. Mixingmachine

. Compost ins

I Plasticcontainersr ShredderChipper. Sievemanual r mechanical]

F) 50



c'cighinescale

iHb€rrows

J.iaib as o number, pecifications,ndac{uisitioncostsare ound n the atterchapter fthis study.

OPEMTIONAL FLOWCIIART

diagamfound on the nextpggedescribes aphicallytheop€rationailow ofth€ propos€d alisam

ity MRF.

&) 5l



PdilsmCon$unlolRFopsratlonsl lowEhan

Hor$€holds,omrnercialEstablhhmentsoihernslitutions

Segmgaliont SouBeeduclionl Source

Noiblodegradablgasle

El) 52



Comm!iilyolldWaste o eclors

Final odingClassiicaton

\7: , , . : ,

: r il , r :

&) 53



::e baraDgayovernmeflt fPalingon, hrough ts BarangayChairperson,asmadeavaitable ixparc€ls

rotaling lmost 60sq,m,o serve 5 hesiteoftheMRF.

Chapter

PHYSTCALAcrLtTy

80&)c€

6ajn physical tructure fthe PalisamCommunityMRI, Incorporat€d hallbe er€ctedn barangay

>.:jngon.The one-storey tructur€,eferied o as he MRF, shallhous€ heprincipai esourceecovety

rro.€ssing acilities ncludinghenain tipping loor, rcoyclables torage reas,omposting ndcutirg

---.=. I€sidualholding chambers, ! well s5the administrative nd msrketingoflic€s of the Palisam

unity MRF, noorporated.

::c BarargayEcocentc6, s secondorytructures f the PolisamCornmunityMRF, lncorporoted, hall

as int€inediateoolle.tionand storagepointsand shalibe locat€dstralegicallywitlin the service

Howeve., t isprojectedhatno Eoocente$ hallbeestablisheduring he fint fiveyea$ of opera-

h) 55



Tte physical tructures rd siteofthe proposedMRFshallbe consistent ith the ollowingconsiderations

a5 pecifiedn Sections8 and29 of tie Implementingules ndRegulalionsfRA 9003:

a- Th€ buildingand/or and ayoutard equipmentmustb€ designedo accommodatehe eflicientand

safeprocessing,movement, ndsto€geof materials;

b. The building mustbe designedo allow efficientandsafeext€malaccess ndbt€mal flow;

c, The composting peration halicomply with theprcvisionsof SectioD 9 of the IRR applicableo

composting ndcompos8;

d. The ollowing tecords hallbe maintained ndsubmittei o the Department pon €questi

" Recordofdaily weightsor volumes fwaste eoeived, rocessed,nd emovedtom siteaccurale

to witbin tenpercenl ndadequaieor overallPlanning urposesnd aokingofsuccess fwaste

diversionoals;and

- Daily logbookor file ofthe following nformationiires,sPecial ccunedces! nauthorizedoads'

injury, andpropertydalrlAge.

Thec.mposting acilityshalloonformothe ollowingstandardsndcritedal

a. The facility shallnot be tooatedn an atea hat ssubjecto frequent looding,unless ngineeringon-

trolsareprovidedn the desig to preventhe nundation f the aciiity.

Et) 56



E.f- *. anddrain€e controlmechanismshallbe n place. he acilityshallbedesigned

r| tht oqosl piles.windrcws, esidues,ndprocessed ateriaiwill not be exposedo surface

E:EOff.

lb ff i lahare stomge s provided, hedischarge fleachatenlo any bodyofwater is prohib-

E tfu s,!ch dischargemeetsrhe limits prescribedby rhe DENR slandards or emuents. Where

4r|E r.r4s !o b€ stored,t shallcomplywirh heprovisions fSection38A 12.'"Provisions hallbed! d dEd he eachates.e-circulatednto he comeost ilesor w'ndrowsasmuchasDossible.

r-:rr:ciu. provisionsor vector, dorJ itter,ard dustcontrolshallbe ncluded.

I.:fie+ing shallbe maintained l all times n accordance ith theprecedingeclion.

i-:$r::cs shallbe ma.nagedssolidwaste&1dshallbe disposed fas such.

::c _<:;eraluresofcompost piles,curingpiles,andprocessedomposts hsll be ma;ntained t saG

flal :Llpr€venl heoccurrcnce fspontaneousombustion,

r.-:a:. condilions hallbe maintainedo preventhe ormation fdangerous ases uchasmethane.

-.r.:? slom8e acililiesshsll be designed iLhcontalnmentlstems10prev€nteachalercm spillage nd ts

&) 57

r:-i r - D uderl) inCgroundwaler r nearb)surfa.edy of waler.For ]eachatempoundmenlonds,he desig!

tEL :!,j. a geomembmneinef systemund€rlaii by a low penncability oi l layerofal leas!0.30n thick. Thd

lin€f shallbe al lea rl 1.5mm thick wilh a permeability f lxl0i" cm/sec r less.Linef sp€cifications ,., :- : aeineerjnecertificarion cquirementshallbe p€f provisions f Section 8A13.Adequa!€ rc€boardn-

ti-t r:-.*ancc lor rarnt:rll oluduendo1h€r albguardshallb€provid€do prevenl ondov$flowing.



;'

SiteDescriPtion

lL ta is composed f six contiguous arcelsof tand hat formsa rectangular ieceof r€alproperty

€ ml dimension vemgesut at 15 m x 60m. Thepropertys located way rom hepopulated r€a

Jt borlSay but s highlyaccessibleo all formsof vehicularUand ndwaterlard Pedestrianr3fic as

- - hcacd aloag te msin oad hatsepamtesaiadgays alingon ndLingga eadingo thepier'The site

3E tbepower ine.

Tb Fopcrty, however, its below hestreet evel.As such,substandalut 4nd ill would ber€quired o

&:ae tb€productionar€a o a lev€lthat is equal o or higher har the streeto avoid he ill effectsof

loding during he ainy season.

E) 58



/t'

>x l/,'''"*-\--*<{



olnenliona f h6Sflo

LdNo. *!r {.qfi.l llnr 2.3mJ Un Inrl th.16&|.l

315 151 15 .18 10.00 15.01 9.98

316 154 10.08 15.34 1010 1518

317 157 16.53 9.89 15.34

318 166 10.3 1711 s.90 16.53

319 165 16.66 9.95 17 .11 10.00

320 161 9.94 16.41 9.95 16.66

Dala tunBuAau l LmdEsile Descniotiors,urvsy o.PLS-709,lr€€l }t..15,daledNovenb$ 7,1973

The MRF s a one-storcy uildingdesignedmodularly.t canexpandts workingal€asas he needarises

and s hebudget llowst. Atthe start,ie MRFshall onsist fthree3]modules ith eachmodule av.

ing he ollowing ize:3.60-m. idthx 6.OO-m.ength. ndaheighl fat least 0 meters

The typical floor planofthe MR-Fshall accommodatehe mdjo!operational ctivitiesasshown n the

schematic iagram n the nextpage.

17 TheBarangsycocenterhall ave modularizeof3.60-n. idth 4.80-metglh.

!o 60



SchemdticloorPlanno l o selej

:c&.designrequirementsmenlionedinthelRR'thefollowingdesignParametersshallalsobe

soe: ,-ndun-offdiversionystemshall e nplaceoprotecthecompostingrocesss.uell

d F$iiuis fromexcessiveoisturenatwoulddramaticallyegadeheproductsmarKeEble

rlfu shallbe of concrete ith provislonsor thecollection nd realnent f leachate

b;G3ssr.r}becauseit:[a]fa.ilitatesmalerialshandling;ib]enablesloffiolof]eachareand

,Jnano t"l or"u"no hemigrationf fly larvaeo hesurroundingreas'

J'"tt" *. ir*t *all have ood entilation echa"lismso controlheproductionf

6&6 oanicularlyuringhecompostingndsorting rocesses'

ofqua.nliry fthe sfuctures swellasan architectumlendition fthe elevationsre

FF5

B) 6i



8{l oa u.nttYInF od!h,3-6 . r 6.0m

DE3,en|Pio orlm!4l ut.|nP4q

-Podand

c.incr

.;d.Em Sbd 6F onm

5

w LL9 { Ert rtof dll }

2, r2: x 12rumb.r, ur !

c*d.r,Lr 3'

c'ooirin€D

m€Hiffi-i6FrNo

aY3TEr

c.r cJ:Rel. q. 29! I oPdn G rshrn. 4. 2€ 3 x3'2' ! 3" r 1? rldD.., E!!!!L

|cosi: ..,rar4q



Bifiofou.ntlty

B.ren$yEcocad.rodule,36 n x4.8m



Chapter

ORGANIZATIoNALPLAN

B)tDC€

Tn formularingheorganizationalndmanagementtructuremostappropriateor tie proposed alisanl

rCommunitvMRF,ncorporated.he ollosingcriteiawereakenntoconsideration:

' Theorganizationalndmansgerial tructure fthe proposed atisam ommunityMRI' lncorporat€d

mustbe r€sponsiveo thecomplexities f startingapioneering nte'ptisehat involves nstitutional

sbkeholdersithvarying ndeven ifferingnlereslsndneeds

. The organizationalndmanagedalhucturemustproflote effectiveoperational nddecision_making

processeshat arequiok o respondo 8l1d apitalize nchangesndopportunities'

. The organizationmustbe able o promotesndsustainhecollectiYe rengthof thesbkeholders u1

withoutundulvcultliling individualcreativityand nitiative

. Theorganizationalormmustbean effectivensfument or the ah genemtion freasonableetun on

investnent,



rrEEz:ional and managerial structue must facililate the continuous genemtionof resoLrls€s,

na-iL gifu. lodns. onds. ees.donalions.

E@d!di. th€ arganizationalconfiguration must contdbute in p.omoting and enhancing he co-

rdc co-os n€d characieristics of rhe Paliss-rnCornmunity MRF, lncorpoEted. The co-

d ao€ovemance chemes a given ocusofthe studyas his scheme ffersadvantlg€so

Ftrr re coasi(Gring cluster-banngayMRF n compliancewith the rnandatesfRA 9003.Th€se

:'t€ t iEr.$n€nt requirement f settingup aMRF, t ismorepracticalor somebamagays,ar-

!:--9 fu. eilb budgetarf limitations, !o teaJnup with their neighborsandsplit the investrnentcost

|-Hres ratier than ooting hebill slone.

;r |... fr fild dremselves ith limited spac€o putup thephysicalacility or evenwith sn unre-

i- ,t+ of Bencmledolidwaste, nteringnlo a oin! ventur€MRF with the neighboring

; r cerenientandprofitablerangemento complywith he nandatesfRA 9003.

.r-d MRFoflen anemcient ay o capitalizen heunique trengthsf thepublic ndpri-

d Forid6 a vehicleor heprivate ectoro helpdeliver ublic ervic€st ower ost

..ffcding uality r accessibility.

fti{crerions and hepeculiar peralional }narnics Dd rnperad! sof rheproposed

Fopriate organizationalorm for thePalisamCommunityMRF, nconorated sa,-?q-'ion.rr ThePalisam ommunity RFEnterprisehall eorganizednd egis-

$-ithheprovisionsftheCorporationode fthePhilippines.

b Essl,lred rior ro rheconducr frhe feasibilir) ud) thar$e organ;?aionalom ofIIR.F k a coop€ralive- nd ndee4dudng ,he onduct fihe srudy, t wasnored hat a

&) 65



NoNsrocl NoNpRoFIT oRpoRATIoN ESCRTBEp

A stockcor?omtionsajuddical entiry hathasacapitalstockdivided nto €qualshares nd sauthoriz'ed

to distrflute !o the holders f suchshares,he dividonds r allotments ith€ surplusprofitsbased n the

sh8r€s eld.All olhercorpoftrtions ft non-stock orpomtions.

A nonstock orpomtion,herefore,s a corpomtionhat hasno capitalstockdivided nto shares eld by

irdividual investors. nsEad, heprincipalecotomic rcsouroe f a nonstock orporations formedby

shkeholders, homaybe natursland./oruridicalpe$ons,who vdluntary onfibuted varyingamounts f

cashor qusntifiedassets. uring he ife ofthe nonstock orporation, suallynot exceeding 0ye€rs, o

dividends repaidandnopartof the corpo€te ncomes diskibuied o itsmembers, mcers,or dir€ctors

with the exception f.e€sonable ompensationor se$ices €ndered ndallowable istributions pondis-

solutionor liquidation, ubject o theprovisions fthe CorporationCode.

A nonstockoorporalion s also r€ferred o a5a not-for.profilor nonprofitcorporation nd s organized

geDerallyor charitable, ivic, religious,or othersimilarbenevolenturpose. hrolgh they9ars, owever,

DoDprofit orpomtions avegonebeyond haritable-relatedctiviti€s. oday,a numberof nonstoclqlon-

profit corporations lsoengagen conunerciBlr business nterpdseshat male incomeor profit. d the

process, surplusor incidertal esqvesaregeneratedut thesedo not accrueo the ndividualb€nefitof

rhest€teholders, heaaaumulatedurplus s plowedback o operations.

Fimar' ooop€r.tive ould havebeen he mostapprlopfiaterganizrtional ehicle or tlteproject8iven hepafticips-br,v and ccgovemance harect€risticsf the Palism ConrmunityMRF, ncorporated. ow€ver,heslskeholden ldp CoDoration onsislof ag€ncies nd nstitutionsiom thepublicandprivateseclors.Section 6 of thc Coopem-tilr Codeof the Philippines )plicidy states hatonly notwalpersots nay & adnittedas mernbersf a priftarycep€rstiv€. Furtb€r,while anynatumlp€$onwho s a citizenofth€ Philippin€s, nother oop€mlive,r anon-profilc.Eanizatjon ift jwidical p€rsonality,ha'l be eligible or nembershipn a cooperetiv€,therjuridical€ntities ikei@l 8ov€mmentrits orbusinessnteerises renoterume€tedand huspresumedxcluded.

ts) 66

socioeconomic feasibility study of a cluster-barangay mrf system in barangays palingon, lingga and...

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