Assembling the PiecesSocial Cohesion in Latin America:

Organized by

J. Samuel Valenzuela

Timothy R. Scully, CSC

and Eugenio Tironi

A conference of the Kellogg Institute for International Studies in partnership with CIEPLAN

Social Cohesion in Latin America:

Thursday, April 16

Assembling the Pieces

9:00–10:05 Social Cohesion as Analytical Tool“Social Cohesion in Latin America: Its Pillars, Its Threats” Eugenio Tironi Chair: Timothy R. Scully, CSC Discussant: J. Samuel Valenzuela

10:05–10:15 break

10:15–11:20 Family Morphology“ How Important is the Family for Social Cohesion? Evidence Drawn from the ECosociAL Survey”

María Soledad Herrera Ponce Raúl Elgueta Rosas (not in attendance) Chair: Matthew Carnes, SJ Discussant: Eugenio Tironi

11:25–12:30 Ethnic Identities“ Exploring Racial/Ethnic Boundary Effects on Attitudinal Stances in Latin America”

Stanley Bailey Chair: Scott Mainwaring Discussant: Dianne Pinderhughes

12:30–1:40 break

1:40–2:45 Social Networks and Civic Life“ Civil Societies in Latin America: Density, Composition, and Consequences”

Andrés Biehl Eduardo Valenzuela (not in attendance) Chair: Ted Beatty Discussant: Martín Tanaka

2:50–3:55 Religion and Religiosity“ Social, Political, and Personal Effects of Religiosity in Latin America: A Preliminary Exploration”

J. Samuel Valenzuela Timothy R. Scully, CSC Nicolás Somma Chair: Ignacio Walker Discussant: David Campbell

3:55–4:10 break

4:10–5:15 Mobility and Its Impact“ Inequality, Social Mobility, and Trust in Government: Some Insights from Happiness Surveys”

Carol Graham Mario Picón Chair: Ted Beatty Discussant: Robert Fishman

Social Cohesion in Latin America:Assembling the Pieces

9:00–10:05 Education and Its Effects, 1“Education and Social Cohesion in Latin America” Simon Schwartzman Chair: Timothy R. Scully, CSC Discussant: Tamo Chattopadhay

10:05–10:15 break

10:15–11:20 Education and Its Effects, 2“Social Cohesion, Inclusiveness, and Education in Latin America” Cristián Cox Chair: J. Samuel Valenzuela Discussant: Ignacio Walker

11:25–12:30 Education and Its Effects, 3“ The Effects of the Level, Distribution, and Quality of Education on Social Cohesion”

Luis Crouch Amber Grove (not in attendance) Martin Gustafsson (not in attendance) Chair: Eugenio Tironi Discussant: Cristián Cox

12:30–1:40 break

Friday, April 17

1:40–2:45 Family Demography“ Family in Latin America: Recent Socioeconomic and Demographic Developments”

Osvaldo Larrañaga Irene Azocar (not in attendance) Chair: Ted Beatty Discussant: Amitava Dutt

2:50–3:55 Poverty and Inequality“ Poverty and Inequality in Latin America: What Do the Surveys Tell Us?”

Juan Carlos Feres Xavier Mancero Chair: J. Samuel Valenzuela Discussant: Nora Lustig

3:55–4:10 break

4:10–5:15 Concluding Discussion Chair: Timothy R. Scully, CSC Discussants: Eugenio Tironi

Scott Mainwaring Simon Schwartzman

Participant Biographies

Stanley Bailey (PhD, University of California, Los Angeles) is assistant professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine. With research interests that include racial and ethnic dynamics and the sociology of religion in Latin America, he uses public opinion surveys to challenge assumptions about the nature of racial attitudes in contemporary Brazil. His latest work is Legacies of Race: Identities, Attitudes, and Politics in Brazil (Stanford University Press, forthcoming).

Ted Beatty (PhD, Stanford University) is the interim director of the Kellogg Institute for International Studies and an associate professor of history at the University of Notre Dame. His research interests include the economic and political history of 19th- and early 20th-century Mexico and the comparative study of institutions, technology transfer, and economic development. He is the author of Institutions and Investment: The Political Basis of Industrialization in Mexico before 1911 (Stanford University Press, 2001).

Andrés Biehl (Lic., Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) is an assistant professor of sociology and junior lecturer at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. He has served as technical advisor to Chile’s Presidential Committee on Social Equity and as associate researcher at CIEPLAN (Corporación de Estudios para Latinoamérica). He is a coauthor of Vínculos Creencias e Ilusiones: La Cohesion Social de los Latinoamericanos (Uqbar, 2008).

David Campbell (PhD, Harvard University) is the John Cardinal O’Hara, CSC, Associate Professor of Political Science and the director of the Rooney Center for the Study of American Democracy at the University of Notre Dame. Currently collaborating with Robert Putnam on a study of religion’s changing role in American civic life, he is the author of Why We Vote: How Schools and Communities Shape Our Civic Life (Princeton University Press, 2008).

Matthew Carnes, SJ (PhD, Stanford University), an assistant professor of government at Georgetown University, is currently a Kellogg Institute visiting fellow. His project, “The Politics of Labor Regulation in Latin America,” seeks to provide a political explanation for how labor regulation resisted the liberal economic reforms of the 1980s and 1990s.

Tamo Chattopadhay (EdD, Teacher’s College, Columbia University; MBA, City University of New York) is a fellow at the Institute for Educational Initiatives, University of Notre Dame, where he teaches about education and development in a global era. His research interests include adolescent socialization and educational innovation in the context of poverty. Formerly a vice president at JP Morgan, he has taught at the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University and consults with multilateral agencies on international education policy and practice.

Luis Crouch (PhD, University of California, Berkeley) is a senior economist and research vice president in RTI’s International Development Group. Specializing in social sector finance, policy reform, and political economy, he is currently focused on education, where his interests include educational economics and planning, educational statistics, research and information use, and the presentation of research results for policy debate. His experience in more than 15 countries in the developing world includes recent work in Peru.

Amitava Dutt (PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) is professor of economics at the University of Notre Dame and a Kellogg Institute faculty fellow. With research interests that include growth and income distribution, development, trade, political economy, and macroeconomics, he has published dozens of works. Most recently, he served as coeditor of the International Handbook of Development Economics (2 vol., Edward Elgar, 2008).

Juan Carlos Feres (Lic., University of Chile), an expert in social statistics and poverty, is head of the Statistics and Social Indicators Unit of the UN’s Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). He coordinates ECLAC’s annual Social Panorama of Latin America; an interinstitutional program to improve surveys of living conditions in Latin America and the Caribbean; and the Network of Institutions and Experts for the Development of Social Statistics in Latin America.

Robert M. Fishman (PhD, Yale University), professor of sociology at the University of Notre Dame and a Kellogg Institute faculty fellow, is a comparative sociologist who works primarily on democracy, consequences of inequality, and interconnections between politics and culture. His many publications include Democracy’s Voices: Social Ties and the Quality of Public Life in Spain (Cornell University Press, 2004) Fishman’s current research focuses on ways in which democratization scenarios shape enduring patterns of democratic practice.

Carol Graham (DPhil, Oxford University) is senior fellow and Charles Robinson Chair at the Brookings Institution and College Park Professor in the School of Public Policy at the University of Maryland. Widely published, she is the author most recently of Happiness: A Cross-Country Exploration of One of Economics’ Oldest—and Newest—Questions (Oxford University Press, forthcoming). Formerly a vice president and director of governance studies at Brookings, she has served in advisory and consulting positions at the Inter-American Development Bank, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund.

María Soledad Herrera Ponce (PhD, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) is a professor of sociology at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Her areas of research include gerontology, intergenerational relationships, and globalization. At Chile’s Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, she has researched a number of projects, including “Family Cohesion, Intergenerational Solidarity and Conflict: Impact on the Well-being of the Elderly Adult” (2009).

Osvaldo Larrañaga (PhD, University of Pennsylvania), a program officer for the United Nations Development Programme and an associate professor of economics at the University of Chile, works on social policy, poverty, and income distribution. Widely published, he contributed a chapter to J. Samuel Valenzuela, Eugenio Tironi, and Timothy R. Scully, eds., El Eslabón Perdido: Familia, modernización y bienestar en Chile (Taurus, 2006). Larrañaga has been a consultant to government ministries and national and international agencies such as ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean), the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank.

Nora Lustig (PhD, University of California, Berkeley) is the Shapiro Visiting Professor of International Affairs at George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs and a visiting fellow at the Center for Global Development. Formerly, she was director of the Poverty Group at the United Nations Development Programme, president of the Universidad de las Americas–Puebla, and chief of the Poverty and Inequality Unit at the Inter-American Development Bank, as well as senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and professor of economics at El Colegio de Mexico. Her many publications include the prize-winning Mexico: The Remaking of an Economy (Brookings, 1992).

Scott Mainwaring (PhD, Stanford University) is the Eugene P. and Helen Conley Professor of Political Science and director (on leave) of the Kellogg Institute at the University of Notre Dame. Among his many published works are The Crisis of Democratic Representation in the Andes (coedited, Stanford University Press, 2006) and Democratic Governance in Latin America (coauthored, Stanford University Press, forthcoming).

Xavier Mancero (MA, Georgetown University) has been a statistician in the Statistics Division of the UN’s Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) since 2001. His main area of concentration is the measurement and analysis of poverty, inequality, and other indicators of living conditions.

Mario Picón, a PhD candidate in public policy at the University of Maryland, is an economist specializing in international development. With a decade of experience in program design, monitoring, and evaluation in the developing world, his research interests include social development, governance, and delivery of services to the poor. Currently a senior research analyst at the Brookings Institution, he has worked for the Inter-American Development Bank, the Food and Agriculture Organization, and a variety of NGOs.

Dianne Pinderhughes (PhD, University of Chicago) is professor of Africana studies and political science at the University of Notre Dame and a Kellogg Institute faculty fellow. With research interests that include issues of inequality with a focus on racial and ethnic political participation, she brings a comparative perspective to the development of race and civil society in the Americas. Her publications include Race and Ethnicity in Chicago Politics: A Reexamination of Pluralist Theory (University of Illinois Press, 1987).

Simon Schwartzman (PhD, University of California, Berkeley) is a senior researcher at the Instituto de Estudos do Trabalho e Sociedade in Rio de Janeiro whose current work focuses on the sociological and political dimensions of the production of knowledge in science, technology, and education. Previously, he served as the president of Brazil’s National Statistical Office (Fundação IBGE) and was the Robert F. Kennedy Visiting Professor of Latin American Studies at Harvard University. A member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, he is a coauthor of Vínculos, creencias e ilusiones: La cohesión social de los latinoamericanos (Uqbar, 2008).

Timothy R. Scully, CSC (PhD, University of California, Berkeley), is professor of political science at the University of Notre Dame, director of the Institute for Educational Initiatives, and a Kellogg Institute faculty fellow. His research and graduate teaching focuses on comparative political institutions, especially political parties in Latin America. The author of numerous books and articles, he coauthored Vínculos, creencias e ilusiones: La cohesión social de los latinoamericanos (Uqbar, 2008) and coedited El eslabón perdido: Familia, modernización y bienestar en Chile (Taurus, 2006).

Nicolás Somma, a PhD candidate in sociology at the University of Notre Dame, is an assistant professor of sociology at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. His research focuses on social movements, political sociology, and comparative, historical sociology. The author of several journal articles and book chapters, he is a coauthor of Vínculos, creencias e ilusiones: La cohesión social de los latinoamericanos (Uqbar, 2008).

Martín Tanaka (PhD, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales), a senior researcher at the Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP), also teaches at Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Currently a Kellogg Institute visiting fellow, Tanaka is exploring what kinds of governments emerge from the collapse of party systems in the Andes as well as reforms that could encourage democratic consolidation and empower excluded sectors. Among his many publications is a chapter in The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America: Advances and Setbacks (Cambridge University Press, 2005), edited by Frances Hagopian and Scott Mainwaring.

Eugenio Tironi (PhD, École Supérieure des Sciences Sociales) is president of CIEPLAN (Corporación de Estudios para Latinoamérica), where he is also a researcher, and is a former Kellogg Institute visiting fellow. In addition, he is professor of sociology at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, professor of strategic communication at Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, and a member of the Council of Advisors at Universidad Alberto Hurtado, all in Chile. Tironi is author or coauthor of 20 books, including the recent Palabras Sueltas (Mercurio-Aguilar, 2008) and El eslabón perdido: Familia, modernización y bienestar en Chile (codedited, Taurus, 2006).

J. Samuel Valenzuela (PhD, Columbia University) is professor of sociology at the University of Notre Dame and a Kellogg Institute faculty fellow. Among many other works, he is the author of La expansión del sufragio en Chile (IDES, 1985), coeditor and author of El eslabón perdido: Familia, modernización y bienestar en Chile (Taurus, 2006), and coauthor of Vínculos, creencias e ilusiones: La cohesión social de los latinoamericanos (Uqbar, 2008).

Ignacio Walker (PhD, Princeton University), a former Kellogg Institute visiting fellow, is a researcher at CIEPLAN (Corporación de Estudios para Latinoamérica), where he served as president (2006–07). A lawyer and professor, he has taught at the Catholic University of Chile, the University of Chile, and Stanford and Princeton universities and was a human rights lawyer at the Vicariate of Solidarity in Santiago. Walker has served as Chile’s minister of foreign affairs and as a member of the Chilean Parliament. Among his many books and articles is El Futuro de la Democracia Cristiana (Ediciones B/Grupo Z, 1999).