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Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics Operations in
Latin America
Humberto Álvarez Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá (Panamá) [email protected] Marco A. Serrato Tecnológico de Monterrey (México) [email protected]
Sponsored by SENACYT, project APY-GC10-034B PROGRAMA DE APOYO A LAS ACTIVIDADES DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA CONVOCATORIA PÚBLICA PARA APOYO AL GENERACIÓN DE CAPACIDADES CIENTÍFICAS Y TECNOLÓGICAS 2010
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Outline • Motivation • Methodology
• Model Developed
• Results
• Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Issues in HLSC
• This is the first study of this type to be conducted in Panama.
• Several issues may be faced in the aftermath of Extreme and unexpected events (Beaumont, et al., 2007):
1. Large and dynamic volumes of critical supplies must be transported;
2. There is a short timeframe to respond and prevent loss of lives and property; and
3. There exists a significant level of uncertainty about what is actually needed, where it is needed and what is available at the site
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Is a branch of mathematical sociology that analyzes relationships between entities applying network topology. Main objectives: • To visualize the communications and relationships
using graph theory. • To study the different factors affecting the
relationships shown in the graph. • To generate conclusions about relational data,
including but not limiting them to bottlenecks where information is retained.
• To recommend about better communication policies and procedures.
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis in HumLog
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Is a set of social relations that can be represented as a set of points connected by lines, where nodes represent individuals and arcs or edges represent social relationships. Relational matrix: Relationship diagram:
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis in HumLog
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis in HumLog
Types of measures the relative importance of a vertex in a graph: • Degree centrality: the number of links incident upon a node (indegree or outdegree)
• Closeness centrality: the inverse of the sum of its distances to all other nodes, the more central a node is the lower its total distance to all other nodes.
• Betweenness centrality: the number of times a node acts as a bridge along the shortest path between two other nodes.
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Parties considered
Mobile and convoy units
CPs off the ground
NGOs off the ground
Affected population
DC/shelters
NGOs on the ground
Regional/National government
Donors
Social Network
Volunteers
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Methodology
• Literature review to adapt communication models to the project
• Literature review to define levels of authority and influence in the
communication model.
• Definition of organizations involved in disaster relief and humanitarian logistics.
• Interview with general public to define perceived communication patterns.
• Model analysis and validation through SNA
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Develooped
Results Conclusions and future research
Model description
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Develooped
Results Conclusions and future research
Model description
• The model is multilevel communication model with multiple actors on it.
• The dotted line shows the inter-level communication and the straight lines show the intra-level communication processes.
• Shapes give the idea of the multiplicity of organizations and agencies involved in the humanitarian relief.
• At this stage the model does not consider the trans- communication across the different stages of the disaster management cycle.
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Results
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology
Model Developed
Results Conclusions and future research
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Motivation Related
Literature Methodology MDM
Optimal Policy
Conclusions and future research
Conclusions • Communication organizations are identified as key stakeholders because of its
significant influence towards the success of humanitarian efforts. • On the other hand, it seems that SINAPROC does not have the relevance in the management, control and operations in the logistics of humanitarian relief. • In general, humanitarian relief activities are highly dependable on communication
networks. Hence for this case, and according to the general public, TV Stations, Governors and communications companies are central for the humanitarian effort and disaster management activities.
Future work • There are some limitations which open avenues for further research. • The number and size of the organizations considered, for communication and
timely information sharing will be influenced by these factors. • The second limitation is on defining measures for the specific role played by
stakeholders involved in humanitarian logistics operations, and their effects on specific activities.
• To complete the communication model with more reliable data and to compare the local model with a SNA analysis in other Latin American countries.
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics
Operations in Latin America
Thanks,
Questions?
Social Network Analysis for Humanitarian Logistics Operations in Latin America
Humberto Alvarez – Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá (Panamá) [email protected] Marco A. Serrato - Tecnológico de Monterrey (México) [email protected]