Objectives:

• Describe the nature and background of the dance

• Execute the basic position of social dance

• Discuss the importance of communication to oneself

Dance is a way of knowing and communicating.

-all societies use dance to communicate on both personal and cultural levels and to meet physical and spiritual needs.

Dance, as with all the arts, has its own language. We need to learn this language in order to fully understand and appreciate the

world of Dance.

The Language of Dance

Elements: Time, Space and Force

Choreographic Forms: Theme and Variations, Rondo and Narrative

Styles: (characteristics of)Ballet, Tap, Jazz and Modern

TIME: the relationship of one movement or part of a movement to another. Includes pulse, speed (or tempo), duration, rhythm, and phrases.

SPACE: the area of space occupied by the dancer’s body; includes direction, size, pathways, levels and shapes.

FORCE: (energy) degree of muscular tension and use of energy while moving.

Elements

Rondo: a dance structure with three or more themes where one theme is repeated. ABACAD

Theme: the basic idea of the play, which the author dramatizes through the conflict of characters.

Narrative: choreographic structure that follows a specific story line to convey specific information through a dance

Variations: contrasts in the use of the dance elements, repetitions.

Choreography is the art of arranging dances

Choreographic Forms

SPACE

• Pathways - curved lines, straight lines, zigzags, circles, figure-eights, and many more

• Shape - large, small, rounded, and angular• Level - high, medium, low or on the floor• Direction - forward, backwards, diagonally,

sideways

All dance movements can be labeled as non-

locomotor or locomotor.NON-LOCOMOTOR-movements that do not change location

AH-E-2.1.31

LOCOMOTOR-movements that travel

Locomotor MovementsDancers using locomotor movements may walk, run, skip, hop, jump, slide, leap, or gallop.. These movements may be high (possibly indicating joy), medium, or low (possibly indicating sadness.)

AH-E-2.1.31, 1.15, 2.23

Non-locomotor Movements

Dancers are using non-locomotor movements when they stay in one place but bend, stretch, twist, or

swing their body.

Styles (characteristics)

Ballet: a classic form of dance growing out of the French nobility. Its root is court

dances.

Styles (characteristics)Tap: is a percussive dance form in which dancers produce sound by wearing shoes to which metal taps have been added. Tap dance, an American dance form which concentrates on footwork and rhythm, has roots in African, Irish and English clogging traditions. Its roots lie in recreational dance (Irish Step dance, jig and African steps).

It is known for:• An emphasis on rhythm• Tap shoes• Costumes—formal to street wear• Improvisation

Jazz: American music marked by lively rhythms with unusual accents and often including melodies made up by musicians as they play. It’s roots are in social dances and early musical theatre dance.

It’s known for:• Stylized movement• Accents in hands, head, hips and feet• English/French terminology to describe movements• Jazz shoes or boots• Costume related to theme of dance• Improvisation

Styles (characteristics)

Modern: a form of dance developed by dancers interested in breaking from ballet traditions and expressing a more liberating form of movement. It expresses complex emotions and abstract ideas.

It is known for:• Freedom of movement• Usually barefoot but can use shoes based on theme• Costume related to dance theme• Improvisation used in the development of choreography

Styles (characteristics)

Dance in History

• Dance has played an important function in many cultures throughout history.

• Dance styles, costumes, and music often reflect the political climate of the time.

• Dances such as the “Locomotion”, “Macarena”, and even the “Chicken Dance” all perform a function in our society – they create a “group” of dancers having fun!

AH-E-2.2.31, 1.15, 2.23, 2.25

Is there anything else I should know?

Dance allows the dancer or choreographer to communicate their ideas, thoughts, and feelings through movement. These movements are structured and repeatable, in that they can be taught to others.

AH-E-2.1.14, 1.15, 2.22

Dance is often used to tell a story

AH-M-2.2.31, AH-2.2.32, AH-E.2.1.31

Like a story or a book, each dance has a

beginning, middle, and an end. Dance is made

up “movement materials”, connected into “phrases” and put

together into a complete dance.

How is a dance created?

Dances are created by combining locomotor and nonlocomotor

movements. A dance, like a book,

has a beginning, a middle, and an end.

AH-M-2.1.34

Culture and Dance• Nearly all cultures

incorporate dance in some way.

• Dance is a major component of many cultures.

• Dance is often used to communicate or celebrate.

Some more about dance & culture

• Cultures use dance in ways that are both social and personal.

• What are some examples of culture and dance you can think of? How do those cultures use dance?

AH-E-2.2.33, A-HI-2.2.31, AH-M-2.2.32

Dance has 3 main forms

• ceremonial (religion, celebration, ritual)

• recreational (folk, social dancing, aerobic dance)

• artistic (ballet, modern, narrative, tap, lyrical).AH-E-2.2.32

SOCIAL DANCE- a major category of dance forms where

sociability and socializing are the primary focuses of the dancing

- are partner dances - in fact, quite often when spoken about social dances, ballroom or other partner dances are kept in mind

https://www.auburn.edu/academic/classes/hhp/hastie/social%20dance/socialdance.htm

Social Dance: Ballroom Dance

- partner dances- Typically it includes

Standard (also termed Smooth or Modern) dances such as waltz or foxtrot, and Latin (also termed Rhythm) dances such as cha cha and rumba

Social Dance: Ballroom Dance

- normally danced to straight-beat- couples dance around the floor;

and when formalized, the lady wears a long gown and the gentleman a bow-tie and tails