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SOCIAL CLASSIFICATION REFLECTED IN ANNE BRONTE’S

AGNES GREY (1847): MARXIST THEORY

Researh Paper Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

In English Department

by:

RISAL YANIARDI DARUSSALAM

A320120194

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2016

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MOTTO

“Victory loves preparation.”

(Ruswadi)

“For indeed, with hardship (will be) easy.”

(QS Al-Insyiroh : 5-6)

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DEDICATION

This research paper is lovingly dedicated for:

Allah SWT, The Lord of everything

My beloved mom and dad

My dearest younger sister Aulia Rizky Ardiani

All of my friends in English Department 2012

All of my friends everywhere, thank you for

your helped, friendship, and everything.

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ABSTRAK

Risal Yaniardi Darussalam, A320120194, Social Classification Reflected in

Anne Bronte’s Agnes Grey (1847): Marxist Theory, Skripsi, Fakultas

Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

Oktober 2016.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan kelas sosial yang terjadi pada

novel Agnes Grey (1847) karya Anne Bronte. Novel Agnes Grey (1847) dianalisis

menggunakan pendekatan Marxist. Analisis diselesaikan dengan mengacu pada

dua objek: pertama yaitu analisa yang berdasar elemen struktural, dan yang

kedua yaitu analisa mengenai sosial klasifikasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan

Marxist. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini

menggunakan dua sumber data. Yang pertama yaitu novel Agnes Grey (1847)

karya Anne Bronte sebagai sumber utama. Sumber data kedua diambil dari buku,

biografi penulis, jurnal, sumber internet yang berhubungan dengan penelitian.

Dua jenis data diperoleh melalui perpustakaan yang dianalisa menggunakan

analisa deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyimpulkan

beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama yaitu elemen struktural novel yang diperoleh

melalui karakter dan karakterisasi, seting tempat dan waktu, plot, sudut pandang,

dan tema yang terangkum menjadi satu sebagai cerita dalam novel. Kedua, yang

berdasar pada pendekatan Marxist dalam materialisme dialektis, sejarah

materialisme, perjuangan kelas, keterasingan, revolusi dan klasifikasi sosial yang

tercermin pada karakter utama dalam novel Agnes Grey (1847)

Kata kunci: sosial klasifikasi, elemen struktural novel, pendekatan Marxist

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ABSTRACT

Risal Yaniardi Darussalam, A320120194, Social Classification Reflected in

Anne Bronte’s Agnes Grey (1847): Marxist Theory, Research Paper, School

of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of

Surakarta, October 2016

This study is aimed to reveal the social classification in Agnes Grey (1847) novel

by Anne Bronte. Agnes Grey (1847) novel is analyzed by using Marxist approach.

The analysis is done by determining two objects: the first is analyzing the novel

based on the structural elements, and the second is analyzing the problem of

social classification by using Marxist approach. This research is a descriptive

qualitative research. There are two types of data sources. The source of primary

data is Anne Bronte’s Agnes Grey (1847) novel. The secondary data sources are

from books, biography of the author, journals, and internet sources related to the

study. The two kinds of data collected through library research and analyzed with

descriptive analysis. Based on the research, the researcher draws the following

conclusions. The first, the structural element of the novel described the character

and characterization, setting of place and time, plot, point of view, and theme. It

shapes into one unity in a novel story. The second, based on Marxist approach in

dialectical, historical, class struggle, alienation, revolution and the social

discrimination was revealed with other descriptions of Marxist the major

character reflected in Agnes Grey (1847) novel.

Keywords: social classification, structural elements of novel, Marxist approach.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb

Alhamdulillahhirabbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to His

blessings given to me, so I can completed my research paper entitled “SOCIAL

CLASSIFICATION REFLECTED IN ANNE BRONTE’S AGNES GREY

(1847): MARXIST THEORY”. Many people helped me in doing this research. I

would like to give the deepest appreciation and gratitude to them in the following

list:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum as the Dean of School of TeacHis

Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving

approval to carry out this research paper.

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat S.Pd., M.Hum., Ph.D. as the Head of English

Department Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed. as the consultant and the first

examiner who has given the researchers inspiration, spirit, help, advice,

guidance, suggestion, and correction during the arrangement of the research

paper.

4. Dr. Anam Sutopo, S.Pd., M.Hum as the academic consultant who has given

the researcher guidance during his study in Muhammadiyah University of

Surakarta.

5. Drs. Siti Zuriah Ariatmi., M.Hum. as the lecturer who has given the

researcher support and advice.

6. All lecturers of English Department, for guidance during the study in

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

7. My beloved parents, Bapak Ruswadi and Ibu Aris Handayani for their endless

love, prayer, advice, patience, motivation, and also financial contribution

given to his. What I have done is just for you.

8. My younger sister Aulia Rizky Ardiani, for his support, care, jokes, and for

the many sweet things that have been shared.

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9. My big family in Purwodadi and Sragen, my beloved grandfathers; eyang

Almh Djasmo and eyang Almh Samangani, my beloved grandmothers;

eyang putri Almh Sayem and eyang putri Sri Urip, uncles, aunts, nephew,

niece, cousin, and others.

10. My friends Ajeng Sito Larasati, Farah Qanita, Mareta Rahayuning Tyas,

Rifki Adhin, Intan, who has given help so much, so the researcher can finish

this research paper.

11. My close friends Atik Choirun Nisa, Zahrul Anam, Ali Sofyan Susanto, Rifki

Adhin Azhari, Agung Andrianto, Wisnu, Erfan Rejiansyah, Satria Nur

Wijaya Kusuma. for the solidarity, care, support and a jokes that makes he

always laugh.

12. My special thanks to Lilik Mei Tyas Siwi, for her care and support.

13. My Family in English Department, especially for DEECE 12, for all of the

support, care, share, friendship, and many others things.

14. My senior, Mbak Isfi, thanks for help.

15. My close friends in Geng Rumpi, Diyah, Diaz, Aseh, Rezky. for support,

pray, and share each others.

16. Crews of “DECADE” performants for our good cooperation.

17. My friends in Ria Putra Boarding House, thanks for the unforgettable

fellowship.

18. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the

researchers in completing this research paper.

Thank you for unforgotten contribution during the research paper

writing process.

Wassalamu’alaikum Warohmatullahi Wabarokaatuh.

Surakarta, 6 October 2016

Risal Yaniardi Darussalam

A320120194

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ........................................................................................................ i

APPROVAL ............................................................................................. ii

ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................... iii

TESTIMONY ............................................................................................ iv

MOTTO ..................................................................................................... v

DEDICATION ........................................................................................... vi

ABSTRAK........................................................................................ ......... vii

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………… viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................ ix

TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................ xi

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 1

A. Background of the Study .............................................. 1

B. Literature Review ......................................................... 5

C. Problem Statement ....................................................... 8

D. Limitation of the Study ................................................. 8

E. Objective of the Study .................................................. 9

F. Benefit of the Study ...................................................... 9

G. Research Method .......................................................... 9

H. Research Organization………………………………... 11

CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................ 12

A. Notion of Marxist Theory ............................................. 12

B. Basic Concept of Marxist Theory ................................ 13

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1. Dialectical Materialism……………………………. 13

2. Historical Materialism……………………………... 13

3. Class Struggle……………………………………... 14

4. Alienation………………………………………….. 14

5. Revolution…………………………………………. 14

C. The Notion of Social Classification ............................. 15

D. Structural Element of the Novel……………………….. 17

a. Character and Characterizations……………………. 17

b. Setting……………………………………………… 17

c. Plot…………………………………………………. 17

d. Point of View…………………………………..…… 18

e. Theme………………………………………………. 19

E. Theoretical Application………………………………… 19

CHAPTER III : SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF ENGLAND SOCIETY IN

THE EARLY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY… 20

A. Social Aspect ................................................................ 20

B. Political Aspect ............................................................. 20

C. Economic Aspect .......................................................... 21

D. Religious Aspect ........................................................... 22

E. Science and Technology Aspect ................................... 22

F. The Life of the Author…………………………………. 23

CHAPTER IV : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ..................................... 26

A. Structural Element ........................................................ 26

1. Character and Characterization……………………. 26

2. Setting……………………………………………… 43

3. Plot…………………………………………………. 45

4. Point of Views ......................................................... 48

5. Style………………………………………………… 48

6. Theme……………………………………………… 52

B. Discussion .................................................................... 53

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CHAPTER V : MARXIST ANALYSIS .................................................. 58

A. Marxist Analysis ........................................................... 58

1. Dialectical Materialism .......................................... 58

2. Historical Materialism ............................................ 63

3. Class Struggle ......................................................... 66

4. Alienation ............................................................... 69

B. Discussion .................................................................... 71

CHAPTER VI : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ........................ 72

A. Conclusion .................................................................... 72

B. Suggestion .................................................................... 73

C. Pedagogical Implication ............................................... 73

BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................... 74

VIRTUAL REFERENCE ......................................................................... 77